Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Le Haut-Saint-François, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	22,926	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	22,335	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,237	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,880	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10.1	...	...	10.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,269.68	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	22,925	11,855	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,060	2,115	1,945	17.7	17.8	17.6
0 to 4 years	1,270	650	620	5.5	5.5	5.6
5 to 9 years	1,415	750	670	6.2	6.3	6.0
10 to 14 years	1,370	715	660	6.0	6.0	6.0
15 to 64 years	13,665	7,040	6,630	59.6	59.4	59.9
15 to 19 years	1,135	590	545	5.0	5.0	4.9
20 to 24 years	915	485	430	4.0	4.1	3.9
25 to 29 years	1,055	535	515	4.6	4.5	4.7
30 to 34 years	1,295	645	645	5.6	5.4	5.8
35 to 39 years	1,350	690	665	5.9	5.8	6.0
40 to 44 years	1,480	775	705	6.5	6.5	6.4
45 to 49 years	1,235	665	575	5.4	5.6	5.2
50 to 54 years	1,395	740	650	6.1	6.2	5.9
55 to 59 years	1,840	910	925	8.0	7.7	8.4
60 to 64 years	1,975	1,005	970	8.6	8.5	8.8
65 years and over	5,205	2,700	2,500	22.7	22.8	22.6
65 to 69 years	1,775	965	810	7.7	8.1	7.3
70 to 74 years	1,435	765	665	6.3	6.5	6.0
75 to 79 years	915	495	415	4.0	4.2	3.7
80 to 84 years	540	280	260	2.4	2.4	2.3
85 years and over	540	195	350	2.4	1.6	3.2
85 to 89 years	330	125	205	1.4	1.1	1.9
90 to 94 years	165	60	105	0.7	0.5	0.9
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.7	17.8	17.6	17.7	17.8	17.6
15 to 64 years	59.6	59.4	59.9	59.6	59.4	59.9
65 years and over	22.7	22.8	22.6	22.7	22.8	22.6
85 years and over	2.4	1.6	3.2	2.4	1.6	3.2
Average age of the population	43.8	43.6	44.0	43.8	43.6	44.0
Median age of the population	45.6	45.6	45.6	45.6	45.6	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,875	...	...	79.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	155	...	...	1.6	...	...
Row house	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	670	...	...	6.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,000	...	...	10.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	105	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,080	...	...	31.2	...	...
2 persons	3,855	...	...	39.0	...	...
3 persons	1,180	...	...	11.9	...	...
4 persons	1,065	...	...	10.8	...	...
5 or more persons	705	...	...	7.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,515	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	18,865	9,740	9,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,590	5,815	5,780	61.4	59.7	63.3
Married	6,015	3,015	2,995	31.9	31.0	32.8
Living common-law	5,580	2,800	2,780	29.6	28.7	30.4
Living common law - Never married	4,495	2,245	2,255	23.8	23.0	24.7
Living common law - Separated	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	910	475	435	4.8	4.9	4.8
Living common law - Widowed	115	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	7,270	3,920	3,355	38.5	40.2	36.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,790	2,820	1,975	25.4	29.0	21.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	225	135	95	1.2	1.4	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,320	690	625	7.0	7.1	6.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	935	275	655	5.0	2.8	7.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,840	...	...	58.2	...	...
3 persons	1,130	...	...	17.1	...	...
4 persons	1,030	...	...	15.6	...	...
5 or more persons	600	...	...	9.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,730	...	...	86.8	...	...
Married couples	2,940	...	...	44.5	...	...
With children⁶	890	...	...	13.5	...	...
Without children	2,055	...	...	31.1	...	...
Common-law couples	2,790	...	...	42.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,485	...	...	22.5	...	...
Without children	1,300	...	...	19.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	870	...	...	13.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	570	...	...	8.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	300	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	22,515	11,700	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,465	9,335	9,135	82.0	79.8	84.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,460	5,735	5,725	50.9	49.0	53.0
Parents in one-parent families	870	295	575	3.9	2.5	5.3
Children⁶	6,135	3,300	2,840	27.2	28.2	26.3
In a two-parent family	4,715	2,520	2,200	20.9	21.5	20.4
In a one-parent family	1,420	780	640	6.3	6.7	5.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,045	2,370	1,680	18.0	20.3	15.5
Living alone	3,075	1,830	1,250	13.7	15.6	11.6
Living with other relatives⁷	435	230	210	1.9	2.0	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	535	310	225	2.4	2.6	2.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,185	...	...	62.6	...	...
Couple-family households	5,460	...	...	55.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,245	...	...	22.7	...	...
Without children	3,215	...	...	32.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	730	...	...	7.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...	1.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	200	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	275	...	...	2.8	...	...
One-person households	3,080	...	...	31.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,455	9,590	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,125	9,425	8,700	98.2	98.3	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,000	33,600	36,800	40,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,135	9,435	8,700	98.3	98.4	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	35,600	30,800	33,200	35,600	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,955	8,460	7,495	86.5	88.2	84.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	33,600	24,200	28,800	33,600	24,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,795	6,935	5,860	69.3	72.3	66.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	35,600	27,800	31,400	35,600	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,655	7,995	7,660	84.8	83.4	86.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	11,000	13,000	12,100	11,000	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,515	1,450	1,065	13.6	15.1	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,280	5,440	5,040	5,280	5,440	5,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,890	2,705	2,185	26.5	28.2	24.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,455	9,590	8,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,165	9,440	8,730	98.4	98.4	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,200	38,360	42,440	46,200	38,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,180	9,455	8,730	98.5	98.6	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,240	38,600	33,680	36,240	38,600	33,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,870	8,425	7,440	86.0	87.9	83.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,720	30,640	36,000	40,720	30,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,795	7,015	5,775	69.3	73.1	65.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,240	39,120	32,720	36,240	39,120	32,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,575	7,905	7,675	84.4	82.4	86.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	11,750	13,880	12,800	11,750	13,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,270	1,270	995	12.3	13.2	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,420	5,860	7,120	6,420	5,860	7,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,720	2,705	2,020	25.6	28.2	22.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,150	6,740	7,700	7,150	6,740	7,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,455	9,590	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,235	3,555	2,675	33.8	37.1	30.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400	48,000	44,400	46,400	48,000	44,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,200	53,700	47,920	51,200	53,700	47,920
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,905	2,470	2,435	26.6	25.8	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	24,800	16,200	20,000	24,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,720	29,480	21,860	25,720	29,480	21,860
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.2	78.8	68.2	74.2	78.8	68.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.2	62.9	56.5	60.2	62.9	56.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.9	21.3	31.9	25.9	21.3	31.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	5.0	6.0	5.4	5.0	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.2	4.7	4.4	4.2	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,455	9,585	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	335	160	170	1.8	1.7	1.9
With total income	18,120	9,425	8,695	98.2	98.3	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,215	555	660	6.7	5.9	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,605	1,130	1,480	14.4	12.0	17.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,370	1,650	1,725	18.6	17.5	19.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,735	1,365	1,365	15.1	14.5	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,595	1,365	1,230	14.3	14.5	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,950	1,080	870	10.8	11.5	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,215	730	485	6.7	7.7	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	860	545	315	4.7	5.8	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	540	330	205	3.0	3.5	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	330	210	120	1.8	2.2	1.4
$100,000 and over	705	460	245	3.9	4.9	2.8
$100,000 to $149,999	540	350	190	3.0	3.7	2.2
$150,000 and over	160	110	50	0.9	1.2	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,455	9,585	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	320	155	165	1.7	1.6	1.9
With after-tax income	18,135	9,430	8,700	98.3	98.4	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,280	580	695	7.1	6.2	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,750	1,195	1,555	15.2	12.7	17.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,925	1,940	1,980	21.6	20.6	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	3,455	1,825	1,635	19.1	19.4	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,850	1,590	1,255	15.7	16.9	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,755	1,020	735	9.7	10.8	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	990	590	400	5.5	6.3	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	485	285	205	2.7	3.0	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	265	155	110	1.5	1.6	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	155	95	55	0.9	1.0	0.6
$100,000 and over	225	150	75	1.2	1.6	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	130	85	50	0.7	0.9	0.6
$125,000 and over	95	70	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,455	9,585	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,660	2,655	3,005	30.7	27.7	33.9
With employment income	12,795	6,935	5,860	69.3	72.4	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,905	1,075	825	14.9	15.5	14.1
$5,000 to $9,999	985	430	555	7.7	6.2	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,705	770	935	13.3	11.1	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,550	750	805	12.1	10.8	13.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,625	830	795	12.7	12.0	13.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,525	795	730	11.9	11.5	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,125	735	385	8.8	10.6	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	760	490	270	5.9	7.1	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	530	365	160	4.1	5.3	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	380	220	160	3.0	3.2	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	230	150	75	1.8	2.2	1.3
$100,000 and over	475	325	150	3.7	4.7	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	295	200	95	2.3	2.9	1.6
$125,000 and over	180	125	55	1.4	1.8	0.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,455	9,590	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,855	9,295	8,560	96.7	96.9	96.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,000	30,600	34,400	38,000	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,860	9,295	8,570	96.8	96.9	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,000	28,000	31,000	34,000	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,655	8,330	7,325	84.8	86.9	82.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	35,200	26,200	30,400	35,200	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,895	6,990	5,910	69.9	72.9	66.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,600	28,400	32,000	35,600	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,415	7,265	7,145	78.1	75.8	80.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,500	8,300	10,600	9,500	8,300	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,575	1,520	1,055	14.0	15.8	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760	4,880	4,600	4,760	4,880	4,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,455	9,590	8,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,835	9,275	8,565	96.6	96.7	96.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,000	35,640	40,000	44,000	35,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,845	9,275	8,575	96.7	96.7	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,160	36,840	31,240	34,160	36,840	31,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,520	8,265	7,260	84.1	86.2	81.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,360	41,200	30,840	36,360	41,200	30,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,795	6,975	5,815	69.3	72.7	65.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,120	39,400	32,240	36,120	39,400	32,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,150	7,075	7,070	76.7	73.8	79.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,530	9,540	11,510	10,530	9,540	11,510
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,325	1,345	980	12.6	14.0	11.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,070	5,490	6,880	6,070	5,490	6,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,455	9,590	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,160	3,510	2,655	33.4	36.6	29.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,400	47,600	40,400	44,400	47,600	40,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	48,680	52,150	44,080	48,680	52,150	44,080
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,625	2,350	2,280	25.1	24.5	25.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	26,000	19,200	23,000	26,000	19,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,680	32,240	25,000	28,680	32,240	25,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.2	83.4	73.4	79.2	83.4	73.4
Employment income (%)	64.8	67.4	61.4	64.8	67.4	61.4
Government transfers (%)	20.9	16.6	26.7	20.9	16.6	26.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,880	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,080	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	32,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,400	...	...	30,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,700	...	...	66,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,200	...	...	40,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,600	...	...	34,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,100	...	...	95,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...	81,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	700	...	...	7.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	380	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	430	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	585	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	550	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	475	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	915	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	770	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	740	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	680	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	605	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,575	...	...	26.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,085	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	630	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	580	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	280	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	245	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	725	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	475	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	520	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	645	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	635	...	...	6.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	555	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,020	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	940	...	...	9.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	800	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	755	...	...	7.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	570	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,725	...	...	17.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	920	...	...	9.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	4.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	365	...	...	3.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	840	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,610	2,140	1,470	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	36,000	28,600	32,400	36,000	28,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,800	32,000	27,000	29,800	32,000	27,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,645	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,255	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,900	...	...	81,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,700	...	...	123,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,800	...	...	59,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,550	2,090	1,460	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,240	41,720	35,720	39,240	41,720	35,720
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,880	35,360	31,720	33,880	35,360	31,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	22,515	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,805	2,500	2,310	21.3	21.4	21.4
0 to 5 years	1,540	800	740	6.8	6.8	6.8
18 to 64 years	12,835	6,610	6,230	57.0	56.5	57.6
65 years and over	4,875	2,595	2,275	21.7	22.2	21.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,140	1,575	1,560	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	540	290	255	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	175	95	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,305	665	635	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,295	625	675	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.9	13.5	14.4	13.9	13.5	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	11.2	11.5	10.9	11.2	11.5	10.9
0 to 5 years (%)	11.5	12.2	10.8	11.5	12.2	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	10.1	10.2	10.2	10.1	10.2
65 years and over (%)	26.6	24.0	29.6	26.6	24.0	29.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	22,515	11,700	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,805	2,495	2,305	21.3	21.3	21.3
0 to 5 years	1,540	805	740	6.8	6.9	6.8
18 to 64 years	12,835	6,605	6,230	57.0	56.5	57.6
65 years and over	4,870	2,600	2,275	21.6	22.2	21.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	480	295	185	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	80	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	355	225	130	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	20	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	2.5	1.7	2.1	2.5	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.7	1.7	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	3.4	2.1	2.8	3.4	2.1
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	22,510	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	14,800	7,655	7,145	65.7	65.4	66.1
In bottom decile	2,505	1,295	1,210	11.1	11.1	11.2
In second decile	3,215	1,630	1,590	14.3	13.9	14.7
In third decile	3,330	1,745	1,585	14.8	14.9	14.7
In fourth decile	2,955	1,525	1,430	13.1	13.0	13.2
In fifth decile	2,795	1,460	1,330	12.4	12.5	12.3
In top half of the distribution	7,710	4,045	3,665	34.3	34.6	33.9
In sixth decile	2,630	1,370	1,260	11.7	11.7	11.7
In seventh decile	2,070	1,095	970	9.2	9.4	9.0
In eighth decile	1,430	760	670	6.4	6.5	6.2
In ninth decile	1,030	535	500	4.6	4.6	4.6
In top decile	555	295	265	2.5	2.5	2.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	22,515	...	...	22,515	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.439	...	...	0.439	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.241	...	...	0.241	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	22,730	11,770	10,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	725	335	390	3.2	2.8	3.6
French only	14,370	7,260	7,110	63.2	61.7	64.9
English and French	7,600	4,150	3,455	33.4	35.3	31.5
Neither English nor French	30	30	5	0.1	0.3	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	22,730	11,770	10,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,255	1,145	1,105	9.9	9.7	10.1
French	20,335	10,540	9,800	89.5	89.5	89.4
English and French	115	60	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Neither English nor French	30	25	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	22,730	11,770	10,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,380	11,595	10,780	98.5	98.5	98.4
Official languages	22,190	11,485	10,700	97.6	97.6	97.6
English	2,125	1,080	1,050	9.3	9.2	9.6
French	20,060	10,410	9,650	88.3	88.4	88.0
Non-official languages	190	105	85	0.8	0.9	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	110	85	0.8	0.9	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	85	65	0.6	0.7	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	50	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	55	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	355	180	175	1.6	1.5	1.6
English and French	325	165	165	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	22,730	11,770	10,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,805	920	885	7.9	7.8	8.1
French	19,560	10,150	9,410	86.1	86.2	85.9
Non-official language	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
English and French	1,185	590	590	5.2	5.0	5.4
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	22,730	11,770	10,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,410	11,615	10,795	98.6	98.7	98.5
Official languages	22,345	11,560	10,785	98.3	98.2	98.4
English	2,125	1,070	1,060	9.3	9.1	9.7
French	20,215	10,495	9,720	88.9	89.2	88.7
Non-official languages	65	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	45	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	30	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	320	160	165	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	290	145	145	1.3	1.2	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	22,730	11,770	10,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	21,720	11,260	10,460	95.6	95.7	95.5
English	600	315	285	2.6	2.7	2.6
French	320	145	170	1.4	1.2	1.6
Non-official language	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	22,510	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	22,490	11,685	10,805	99.9	99.8	100.0
English	8,260	4,550	3,705	36.7	38.9	34.3
French	21,835	11,355	10,480	97.0	97.0	96.9
Non-official languages	605	320	290	2.7	2.7	2.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	605	315	290	2.7	2.7	2.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	545	290	250	2.4	2.5	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	40	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	40	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
German	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	480	250	230	2.1	2.1	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	440	215	225	2.0	1.8	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,515	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	370	175	195	1.6	1.5	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	350	170	180	1.6	1.5	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	195	90	100	0.9	0.8	0.9
Métis	150	70	85	0.7	0.6	0.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	22,140	11,530	10,615	98.3	98.5	98.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,515	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,460	11,675	10,785	99.8	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,705	...	...	78.0	...	...
Renter	2,180	...	...	22.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	255	...	...	2.6	...	...
Not condominium	9,625	...	...	97.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	875	...	...	8.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,845	...	...	28.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,605	...	...	36.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,540	...	...	25.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,100	...	...	21.3	...	...
5 rooms	1,765	...	...	17.9	...	...
6 rooms	1,580	...	...	16.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,405	...	...	14.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,040	...	...	30.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,845	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,665	...	...	97.8	...	...
Not suitable	215	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,860	...	...	39.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,515	...	...	25.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,035	...	...	10.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	735	...	...	7.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	430	...	...	4.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	485	...	...	4.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	465	...	...	4.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	355	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,060	...	...	91.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	820	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,290	...	...	53.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,380	...	...	44.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	210	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	225	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,130	...	...	11.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,570	...	...	15.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,550	...	...	15.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,225	...	...	22.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,935	...	...	19.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	970	...	...	9.8	...	...
85 years and over	275	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,590	...	...	89.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	985	...	...	10.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	900	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,900	...	...	19.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	885	...	...	9.0	...	...
Not suitable only	180	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	720	...	...	7.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,980	...	...	80.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	285	...	...	3.0	...	...
Not in core need	9,205	...	...	97.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,445	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.2	...	...	60.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	820	...	...	820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	906	...	...	906	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	231,400	...	...	231,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.9	...	...	18.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	584	...	...	584	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	634	...	...	634	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	22,515	11,700	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	435	245	185	1.9	2.1	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	435	245	185	1.9	2.1	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	405	230	170	1.8	2.0	1.6
Métis single ancestry	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	945	465	480	4.2	4.0	4.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	945	465	475	4.2	4.0	4.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	885	445	435	3.9	3.8	4.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,135	10,995	10,140	93.9	94.0	93.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	22,515	11,700	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	22,360	11,615	10,745	99.3	99.3	99.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,820	2,525	2,295	21.4	21.6	21.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,535	9,090	8,450	77.9	77.7	78.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	150	90	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	22,515	11,700	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,045	11,460	10,585	97.9	97.9	97.9
Immigrants⁸¹	440	225	220	2.0	1.9	2.0
Before 1980	120	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
1980 to 1990	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	75	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
2001 to 2010	110	60	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	50	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2015	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	440	225	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	50	30	20	11.4	13.3	9.1
5 to 14 years	80	35	45	18.2	15.6	20.5
15 to 24 years	100	35	70	22.7	15.6	31.8
25 to 44 years	165	95	65	37.5	42.2	29.5
45 years and over	40	20	20	9.1	8.9	9.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	440	225	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	125	45	80	28.4	20.0	36.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	15	15	6.8	6.7	6.8
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	85	35	50	19.3	15.6	22.7
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	245	145	95	55.7	64.4	43.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	165	90	75	37.5	40.0	34.1
Germany	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	35	15	11.4	15.6	6.8
Africa	25	15	10	5.7	6.7	4.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	10	4.5	6.7	4.5
Asia	50	10	35	11.4	4.4	15.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	3.4	0.0	4.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	30	20	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	40	30	15	80.0	100.0	75.0
France	40	30	15	80.0	100.0	75.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	20.0	0.0	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	22,515	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	530	270	260	2.4	2.3	2.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	750	365	390	3.3	3.1	3.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	21,230	11,065	10,165	94.3	94.5	94.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	325	165	160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	220	130	95	67.7	78.8	59.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	85	25	32.3	51.5	15.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	110	45	65	33.8	27.3	40.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	30	55	26.2	18.2	34.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	0	10	6.2	0.0	6.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	325	165	160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	45	10	15.4	27.3	6.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	20	6.2	0.0	12.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10	6.2	6.1	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	3.1	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	220	105	115	67.7	63.6	71.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	22,515	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	215	100	115	1.0	0.9	1.1
South Asian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	100	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.6
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Southeast Asian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,295	11,600	10,700	99.0	99.1	99.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	22,510	11,705	10,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,695	4,540	4,155	38.6	38.8	38.4
English	765	395	370	3.4	3.4	3.4
Irish	1,200	640	570	5.3	5.5	5.3
Scottish	825	425	400	3.7	3.6	3.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,190	2,725	2,465	23.1	23.3	22.8
German	320	130	190	1.4	1.1	1.8
Chinese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italian	365	195	170	1.6	1.7	1.6
Indian (India)	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Polish	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Québécois	3,695	1,910	1,785	16.4	16.3	16.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	2,295	1,160	1,135	10.2	9.9	10.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	375	150	230	1.7	1.3	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	660	365	295	2.9	3.1	2.7
Métis	90	30	60	0.4	0.3	0.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	235	115	115	1.0	1.0	1.1
Russian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Norwegian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	215	95	115	1.0	0.8	1.1
Spanish	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Swedish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	135	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	390	185	205	1.7	1.6	1.9
Danish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	165	60	100	0.7	0.5	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	120	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.6
Haitian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	75	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	110	60	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	80	50	25	0.4	0.4	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	75	45	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	125	70	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Norman	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	22,515	11,705	10,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	16,435	8,425	8,010	73.0	72.0	74.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	795	415	380	3.5	3.5	3.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	350	165	190	1.6	1.4	1.8
Baptist	120	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Catholic	14,450	7,400	7,050	64.2	63.2	65.2
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Presbyterian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	350	180	165	1.6	1.5	1.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	270	150	125	1.2	1.3	1.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
No religion and secular perspectives	5,980	3,230	2,750	26.6	27.6	25.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	22,300	11,600	10,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,075	10,500	9,570	90.0	90.5	89.4
Movers	2,225	1,100	1,125	10.0	9.5	10.5
Non-migrants	850	430	415	3.8	3.7	3.9
Migrants	1,380	670	710	6.2	5.8	6.6
Internal migrants	1,365	665	705	6.1	5.7	6.6
Intraprovincial migrants	1,340	645	690	6.0	5.6	6.4
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	21,225	11,065	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,340	7,510	6,830	67.6	67.9	67.2
Movers	6,885	3,560	3,330	32.4	32.2	32.8
Non-migrants	1,445	775	675	6.8	7.0	6.6
Migrants	5,445	2,785	2,660	25.7	25.2	26.2
Internal migrants	5,375	2,735	2,630	25.3	24.7	25.9
Intraprovincial migrants	5,250	2,670	2,580	24.7	24.1	25.4
Interprovincial migrants	115	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
External migrants	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,455	9,590	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,585	3,350	2,230	30.3	34.9	25.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,875	6,235	6,635	69.8	65.0	74.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,510	5,955	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,635	1,690	945	22.9	28.4	17.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,880	4,265	4,615	77.2	71.6	83.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,455	9,590	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,880	2,800	2,080	26.4	29.2	23.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,235	2,095	2,135	22.9	21.8	24.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,340	4,695	4,650	50.6	49.0	52.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,420	3,925	3,495	40.2	40.9	39.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,520	2,735	1,785	24.5	28.5	20.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,400	1,835	1,565	18.4	19.1	17.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,120	900	225	6.1	9.4	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,535	1,065	1,470	13.7	11.1	16.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	365	125	240	2.0	1.3	2.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,920	765	1,155	10.4	8.0	13.0
Bachelor's degree	1,200	430	770	6.5	4.5	8.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	60	100	0.9	0.6	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	55	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Master's degree	385	185	200	2.1	1.9	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,515	5,960	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,175	1,315	855	18.9	22.1	15.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,335	1,240	1,100	20.3	20.8	19.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,005	3,405	3,600	60.8	57.1	64.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,555	2,890	2,665	48.2	48.5	48.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,515	2,060	1,455	30.5	34.6	26.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,715	1,440	1,275	23.6	24.2	23.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	795	625	175	6.9	10.5	3.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,825	755	1,065	15.8	12.7	19.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	75	145	1.9	1.3	2.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,450	510	935	12.6	8.6	16.8
Bachelor's degree	885	290	595	7.7	4.9	10.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	45	95	1.2	0.8	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	315	135	180	2.7	2.3	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,455	9,585	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,115	4,900	4,220	49.4	51.1	47.6
Education	640	120	520	3.5	1.3	5.9
13. Education	640	120	520	3.5	1.3	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	210	80	135	1.1	0.8	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	180	70	110	1.0	0.7	1.2
Humanities	365	155	215	2.0	1.6	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	215	85	125	1.2	0.9	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	590	170	415	3.2	1.8	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	160	0	160	0.9	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	85	20	60	0.5	0.2	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	105	30	65	0.6	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	185	85	95	1.0	0.9	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,680	395	1,290	9.1	4.1	14.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	15	80	0.5	0.2	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,585	380	1,210	8.6	4.0	13.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	160	110	1.5	1.7	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
40. Physical sciences	45	45	10	0.2	0.5	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	110	95	1.1	1.1	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	100	65	0.9	1.0	0.7
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,610	2,490	120	14.1	26.0	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	85	65	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	435	405	35	2.4	4.2	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	725	720	10	3.9	7.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	755	740	20	4.1	7.7	0.2
48. Precision production	580	550	35	3.1	5.7	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	500	335	160	2.7	3.5	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	355	205	145	1.9	2.1	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	145	135	15	0.8	1.4	0.2
Health and related fields	1,290	225	1,065	7.0	2.3	12.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,220	180	1,040	6.6	1.9	11.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	965	455	510	5.2	4.7	5.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	560	110	450	3.0	1.1	5.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	90	80	10	0.5	0.8	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	300	250	45	1.6	2.6	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,515	5,960	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,510	2,555	1,955	39.2	42.9	35.2
Education	385	65	320	3.3	1.1	5.8
13. Education	385	65	320	3.3	1.1	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	30	120	1.3	0.5	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	125	25	100	1.1	0.4	1.8
Humanities	250	100	155	2.2	1.7	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	55	85	1.3	0.9	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	450	100	345	3.9	1.7	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	0	145	1.3	0.0	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	65	10	55	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	55	15	50	0.5	0.3	0.9
45. Social sciences	130	60	75	1.1	1.0	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,320	280	1,040	11.5	4.7	18.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	10	65	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,245	270	975	10.8	4.5	17.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	115	85	1.7	1.9	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	40	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	100	85	1.6	1.7	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	95	55	1.3	1.6	1.0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,945	1,845	100	16.9	31.0	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	65	45	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	295	275	25	2.6	4.6	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	570	570	0	5.0	9.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	585	570	15	5.1	9.6	0.3
48. Precision production	410	375	35	3.6	6.3	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	370	250	120	3.2	4.2	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	275	170	105	2.4	2.9	1.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	80	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
Health and related fields	980	165	820	8.5	2.8	14.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	935	135	800	8.1	2.3	14.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	760	345	410	6.6	5.8	7.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	455	90	360	4.0	1.5	6.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	65	10	0.7	1.1	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	185	35	1.9	3.1	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,515	5,960	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,510	2,555	1,955	39.2	42.9	35.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,000	3,405	3,600	60.8	57.1	64.8
Location of study inside Canada	6,885	3,335	3,550	59.8	56.0	63.9
Same as province or territory of residence	6,820	3,310	3,515	59.2	55.5	63.3
Different than province or territory of residence	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	120	70	50	1.0	1.2	0.9
Americas	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
United States of America	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	60	30	0.8	1.0	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	65	40	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Germany	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,455	9,590	8,865	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,360	6,135	5,225	...	...	...
Employed	10,700	5,810	4,885	...	...	...
Unemployed	665	325	340	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,095	3,450	3,645	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.6	64.0	58.9	61.6	64.0	58.9
Employment rate	58.0	60.6	55.1	58.0	60.6	55.1
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.3	6.5	5.9	5.3	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,455	9,585	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,970	3,355	3,620	37.8	35.0	40.8
Worked	11,480	6,235	5,245	62.2	65.0	59.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,350	3,635	2,715	34.4	37.9	30.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,130	2,605	2,530	27.8	27.2	28.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.5	42.5	43.0	43.5	42.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,365	6,140	5,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	110	110	1.9	1.8	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,140	6,025	5,120	98.0	98.1	98.0
Employee	9,300	4,890	4,410	81.8	79.6	84.4
Permanent position	8,005	4,250	3,755	70.4	69.2	71.9
Temporary position	1,290	645	655	11.4	10.5	12.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	375	150	225	3.3	2.4	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	920	495	425	8.1	8.1	8.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,845	1,135	710	16.2	18.5	13.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,365	6,140	5,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	110	110	1.9	1.8	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,140	6,025	5,120	98.0	98.1	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	165	120	50	1.5	2.0	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,285	315	965	11.3	5.1	18.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	470	355	120	4.1	5.8	2.3
3 Health occupations	1,100	175	925	9.7	2.9	17.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,140	285	855	10.0	4.6	16.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	105	100	1.8	1.7	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,455	985	1,475	21.6	16.0	28.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,645	2,420	220	23.3	39.4	4.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	710	540	165	6.2	8.8	3.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	960	715	240	8.4	11.6	4.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,365	6,140	5,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	110	110	1.9	1.8	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	11,140	6,025	5,120	98.0	98.1	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	745	545	205	6.6	8.9	3.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	35	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
22 Utilities	50	40	15	0.4	0.7	0.3
23 Construction	1,025	915	110	9.0	14.9	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	1,930	1,400	530	17.0	22.8	10.1
41 Wholesale trade	245	170	80	2.2	2.8	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,210	530	680	10.6	8.6	13.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	605	480	120	5.3	7.8	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	70	45	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	195	65	135	1.7	1.1	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	60	30	0.8	1.0	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	430	200	235	3.8	3.3	4.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	315	185	130	2.8	3.0	2.5
61 Educational services	765	265	510	6.7	4.3	9.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,795	310	1,485	15.8	5.0	28.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	60	45	1.0	1.0	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	490	165	325	4.3	2.7	6.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	535	315	220	4.7	5.1	4.2
91 Public administration	480	250	230	4.2	4.1	4.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,035	6,490	5,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	480	295	190	4.0	4.5	3.4
French	9,585	5,170	4,415	79.6	79.7	79.6
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,930	990	940	16.0	15.3	17.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,035	6,490	5,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,730	6,350	5,380	97.5	97.8	97.0
Official languages	11,715	6,335	5,380	97.3	97.6	97.0
English	790	455	335	6.6	7.0	6.0
French	10,925	5,875	5,050	90.8	90.5	91.1
Non-official languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	305	140	160	2.5	2.2	2.9
English and French	300	135	160	2.5	2.1	2.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,035	6,490	5,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,375	5,615	4,765	86.2	86.5	85.9
English	1,330	695	635	11.1	10.7	11.5
French	305	160	145	2.5	2.5	2.6
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,700	5,810	4,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,580	785	790	14.8	13.5	16.2
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,240	985	255	11.6	17.0	5.2
Usual place of work	7,850	4,010	3,840	73.4	69.0	78.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,855	4,015	3,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,035	1,040	1,000	25.9	25.9	26.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,455	720	735	18.5	17.9	19.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,340	2,240	2,100	55.3	55.8	54.7
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	9,095	5,000	4,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,375	4,675	3,700	92.1	93.5	90.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,975	4,495	3,485	87.7	89.9	85.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	395	180	215	4.3	3.6	5.3
Public transit	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Walked	555	255	300	6.1	5.1	7.3
Bicycle	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other method	110	40	70	1.2	0.8	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	9,095	5,000	4,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,935	1,515	1,425	32.3	30.3	34.8
15 to 29 minutes	2,950	1,525	1,420	32.4	30.5	34.7
30 to 44 minutes	2,050	1,230	820	22.5	24.6	20.0
45 to 59 minutes	655	365	280	7.2	7.3	6.8
60 minutes and over	505	360	145	5.6	7.2	3.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	9,095	5,000	4,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	785	645	145	8.6	12.9	3.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,060	1,455	605	22.6	29.1	14.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,945	1,420	1,530	32.4	28.4	37.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,410	470	935	15.5	9.4	22.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	625	240	385	6.9	4.8	9.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,260	765	495	13.9	15.3	12.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,885	2,545	2,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	880	480	405	18.0	18.9	17.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,005	2,065	1,940	82.0	81.1	82.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,510	1,830	1,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	605	330	280	17.2	18.0	16.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	520	270	245	14.8	14.8	14.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	55	35	2.6	3.0	2.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,905	1,505	1,405	82.8	82.2	83.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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