Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	LaurentidesMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,768	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,023^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	21.1	...	...	21.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,224	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,032	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,234.1	...	...	1,234.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12.78	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,780	7,910	7,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,980	2,035	1,945	25.2	25.7	24.7
0 to 4 years	1,550	770	785	9.8	9.7	10.0
5 to 9 years	1,355	720	630	8.6	9.1	8.0
10 to 14 years	1,075	545	530	6.8	6.9	6.7
15 to 64 years	10,025	5,035	4,995	63.5	63.7	63.5
15 to 19 years	715	370	345	4.5	4.7	4.4
20 to 24 years	805	370	435	5.1	4.7	5.5
25 to 29 years	1,385	650	740	8.8	8.2	9.4
30 to 34 years	1,590	810	780	10.1	10.2	9.9
35 to 39 years	1,165	605	560	7.4	7.6	7.1
40 to 44 years	1,065	535	530	6.7	6.8	6.7
45 to 49 years	750	410	335	4.8	5.2	4.3
50 to 54 years	780	405	375	4.9	5.1	4.8
55 to 59 years	950	485	465	6.0	6.1	5.9
60 to 64 years	825	400	430	5.2	5.1	5.5
65 years and over	1,770	845	925	11.2	10.7	11.8
65 to 69 years	605	305	300	3.8	3.9	3.8
70 to 74 years	500	245	255	3.2	3.1	3.2
75 to 79 years	310	145	160	2.0	1.8	2.0
80 to 84 years	190	100	90	1.2	1.3	1.1
85 years and over	170	45	125	1.1	0.6	1.6
85 to 89 years	85	30	55	0.5	0.4	0.7
90 to 94 years	75	15	65	0.5	0.2	0.8
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.2	25.7	24.7	25.2	25.7	24.7
15 to 64 years	63.5	63.7	63.5	63.5	63.7	63.5
65 years and over	11.2	10.7	11.8	11.2	10.7	11.8
85 years and over	1.1	0.6	1.6	1.1	0.6	1.6
Average age of the population	34.9	34.5	35.2	34.9	34.5	35.2
Median age of the population	32.8	32.8	32.8	32.8	32.8	32.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,635	...	...	60.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	400	...	...	6.6	...	...
Row house	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	525	...	...	8.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,330	...	...	22.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	95	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,470	...	...	24.4	...	...
2 persons	1,955	...	...	32.4	...	...
3 persons	1,095	...	...	18.1	...	...
4 persons	905	...	...	15.0	...	...
5 or more persons	605	...	...	10.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,620	7,840	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,795	5,875	5,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,185	3,580	3,605	60.9	60.9	60.9
Married	2,680	1,340	1,335	22.7	22.8	22.6
Living common-law	4,505	2,240	2,265	38.2	38.1	38.3
Living common law - Never married	3,965	1,970	1,995	33.6	33.5	33.7
Living common law - Separated	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	435	225	215	3.7	3.8	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	70	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	4,615	2,295	2,315	39.1	39.1	39.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,355	1,810	1,540	28.4	30.8	26.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	170	70	100	1.4	1.2	1.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	655	290	365	5.6	4.9	6.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	430	120	305	3.6	2.0	5.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,035	...	...	45.9	...	...
3 persons	1,060	...	...	23.9	...	...
4 persons	875	...	...	19.7	...	...
5 or more persons	465	...	...	10.5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,540	...	...	79.8	...	...
Married couples	1,285	...	...	29.0	...	...
With children⁶	625	...	...	14.1	...	...
Without children	660	...	...	14.9	...	...
Common-law couples	2,250	...	...	50.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,370	...	...	30.9	...	...
Without children	885	...	...	20.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	895	...	...	20.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	650	...	...	14.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	240	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,620	7,840	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	13,260	6,565	6,695	84.9	83.7	86.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,080	3,525	3,555	45.3	45.0	45.7
Parents in one-parent families	895	245	650	5.7	3.1	8.4
Children⁶	5,290	2,790	2,495	33.9	35.6	32.1
In a two-parent family	3,835	2,010	1,830	24.6	25.6	23.5
In a one-parent family	1,450	785	660	9.3	10.0	8.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,360	1,275	1,085	15.1	16.3	13.9
Living alone	1,470	795	670	9.4	10.1	8.6
Living with other relatives⁷	385	180	205	2.5	2.3	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	500	300	205	3.2	3.8	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,915	...	...	64.9	...	...
Couple-family households	3,195	...	...	53.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,825	...	...	30.3	...	...
Without children	1,375	...	...	22.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	710	...	...	11.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	175	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	215	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	225	...	...	3.7	...	...
One-person households	1,470	...	...	24.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,640	5,810	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,330	5,660	5,670	97.3	97.4	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,200	36,400	41,600	47,200	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,335	5,665	5,670	97.4	97.5	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,800	33,200	37,200	40,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,100	5,230	4,870	86.8	90.0	83.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,800	23,800	32,000	40,800	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,950	4,740	4,210	76.9	81.6	72.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	42,000	26,000	34,000	42,000	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,965	4,800	5,170	85.6	82.6	88.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	9,500	14,400	11,800	9,500	14,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,515	1,435	1,080	21.6	24.7	18.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,800	6,000	6,000	5,800	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,375	2,335	2,040	37.6	40.2	35.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	8,000	6,500	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,585	5,770	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,250	5,630	5,620	97.1	97.6	96.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,840	52,100	39,520	45,840	52,100	39,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,250	5,630	5,620	97.1	97.6	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,120	42,920	35,280	39,120	42,920	35,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,000	5,120	4,880	86.3	88.7	83.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,760	46,200	28,960	37,760	46,200	28,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,815	4,610	4,205	76.1	79.9	72.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,000	46,360	30,960	39,000	46,360	30,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,860	4,765	5,100	85.1	82.6	87.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,980	11,910	15,900	13,980	11,910	15,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,445	1,440	1,005	21.1	25.0	17.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,040	6,480	7,860	7,040	6,480	7,860
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,230	2,275	1,955	36.5	39.4	33.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,660	7,270	8,110	7,660	7,270	8,110
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,585	5,770	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,060	2,235	1,830	35.0	38.7	31.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	55,200	42,000	48,400	55,200	42,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,550	59,950	45,720	53,550	59,950	45,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,865	1,925	1,945	33.4	33.4	33.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	31,200	16,600	21,400	31,200	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,320	35,720	21,020	28,320	35,720	21,020
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.2	80.6	63.5	73.2	80.6	63.5
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.6	72.8	58.6	66.6	72.8	58.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.8	19.4	36.5	26.8	19.4	36.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.3	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.3	6.3	8.6	7.3	6.3	8.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.3	5.7	7.1	6.3	5.7	7.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,640	5,810	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	315	145	165	2.7	2.5	2.8
With total income	11,330	5,665	5,665	97.3	97.5	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	645	270	375	5.7	4.8	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,095	390	705	9.7	6.9	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,865	780	1,090	16.5	13.8	19.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,765	750	1,015	15.6	13.2	17.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,750	855	890	15.4	15.1	15.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,405	715	690	12.4	12.6	12.2
$60,000 to $69,999	990	610	375	8.7	10.8	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	700	485	220	6.2	8.6	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	425	295	135	3.8	5.2	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	295	215	75	2.6	3.8	1.3
$100,000 and over	390	305	90	3.4	5.4	1.6
$100,000 to $149,999	320	240	75	2.8	4.2	1.3
$150,000 and over	75	60	10	0.7	1.1	0.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,640	5,810	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	305	140	165	2.6	2.4	2.8
With after-tax income	11,335	5,665	5,670	97.4	97.5	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	685	280	400	6.0	4.9	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,160	420	740	10.2	7.4	13.1
$20,000 to $29,999	2,260	965	1,295	19.9	17.0	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,275	1,080	1,195	20.1	19.1	21.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,985	1,065	925	17.5	18.8	16.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,465	860	600	12.9	15.2	10.6
$60,000 to $69,999	770	485	285	6.8	8.6	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	390	260	130	3.4	4.6	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	180	125	55	1.6	2.2	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	85	60	30	0.7	1.1	0.5
$100,000 and over	90	75	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
$100,000 to $124,999	65	55	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
$125,000 and over	30	20	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,640	5,810	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,695	1,070	1,625	23.2	18.4	27.9
With employment income	8,945	4,740	4,205	76.8	81.6	72.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	925	430	500	10.3	9.1	11.9
$5,000 to $9,999	650	230	420	7.3	4.9	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,235	485	755	13.8	10.2	18.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,170	515	660	13.1	10.9	15.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,175	585	595	13.1	12.3	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,065	575	490	11.9	12.1	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	875	550	325	9.8	11.6	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	635	455	180	7.1	9.6	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	445	335	110	5.0	7.1	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	290	215	80	3.2	4.5	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	205	160	40	2.3	3.4	1.0
$100,000 and over	275	215	60	3.1	4.5	1.4
$100,000 to $124,999	180	135	40	2.0	2.8	1.0
$125,000 and over	100	75	20	1.1	1.6	0.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,640	5,810	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,160	5,575	5,590	95.9	96.0	95.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	32,400	38,800	46,000	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,170	5,575	5,600	96.0	96.0	96.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,000	29,800	34,800	40,000	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,955	5,180	4,775	85.5	89.2	81.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	43,200	26,200	34,000	43,200	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,955	4,730	4,225	76.9	81.4	72.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	43,600	27,400	35,200	43,600	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,090	4,270	4,820	78.1	73.5	82.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	4,800	10,700	8,200	4,800	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,445	1,420	1,030	21.0	24.4	17.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,840	4,160	5,720	4,840	4,160	5,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,585	5,770	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,100	5,555	5,545	95.8	96.3	95.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,880	50,120	35,640	42,880	50,120	35,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,100	5,555	5,545	95.8	96.3	95.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,560	41,200	31,920	36,560	41,200	31,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,890	5,140	4,750	85.4	89.1	81.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,560	47,320	29,080	38,560	47,320	29,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,865	4,665	4,200	76.5	80.8	72.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,040	46,880	30,360	39,040	46,880	30,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,995	4,245	4,750	77.6	73.6	81.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,520	8,300	12,500	10,520	8,300	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,515	1,460	1,050	21.7	25.3	18.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,275	5,385	7,500	6,275	5,385	7,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,585	5,770	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,020	2,215	1,805	34.7	38.4	31.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,200	53,600	38,400	45,200	53,600	38,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,880	58,250	41,880	50,880	58,250	41,880
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,665	1,855	1,810	31.6	32.1	31.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	36,400	18,600	26,400	36,400	18,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,960	40,520	23,200	31,960	40,520	23,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.2	87.4	70.0	80.2	87.4	70.0
Employment income (%)	72.8	78.6	64.6	72.8	78.6	64.6
Government transfers (%)	19.9	12.6	30.1	19.9	12.6	30.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.3	2.8	4.0	3.3	2.8	4.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,030	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,025	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,100	...	...	73,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,720	...	...	46,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	38,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,800	...	...	97,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	260	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...	2.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	205	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	265	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	500	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	485	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	485	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	495	...	...	8.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	430	...	...	7.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,045	...	...	33.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	945	...	...	15.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	535	...	...	8.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	435	...	...	7.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	280	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	225	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	245	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	290	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	330	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	615	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	580	...	...	9.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	615	...	...	10.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	525	...	...	8.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	515	...	...	8.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...	21.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	805	...	...	13.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	4.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	210	...	...	3.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,975	1,095	880	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	43,200	32,400	37,200	43,200	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	37,200	29,200	33,200	37,200	29,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,410	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,900	...	...	96,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,900	...	...	84,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...	72,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,025	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,900	...	...	117,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...	99,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,400	...	...	66,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,800	...	...	59,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,985	1,130	845	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,360	50,800	35,700	44,360	50,800	35,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	41,200	31,800	37,200	41,200	31,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,620	7,840	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,430	2,280	2,150	28.4	29.1	27.6
0 to 5 years	1,860	925	930	11.9	11.8	12.0
18 to 64 years	9,510	4,745	4,765	60.9	60.5	61.2
65 years and over	1,675	820	860	10.7	10.5	11.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,525	710	815	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	440	245	190	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	80	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	690	300	385	...	...	...
65 years and over	400	165	240	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.8	9.1	10.5	9.8	9.1	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	9.9	10.7	9.0	9.9	10.7	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	8.6	9.6	9.1	8.6	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	6.4	8.1	7.2	6.4	8.1
65 years and over (%)	23.8	20.0	27.4	23.8	20.0	27.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,620	7,840	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,430	2,280	2,150	28.4	29.1	27.6
0 to 5 years	1,860	930	930	11.9	11.9	12.0
18 to 64 years	9,515	4,745	4,770	60.9	60.5	61.3
65 years and over	1,680	820	855	10.8	10.5	11.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	280	140	140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	50	30	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	205	95	100	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	10	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.4	1.0	1.2	1.4	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.0	2.0	1.5	1.0	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,625	7,840	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,205	5,020	5,180	65.3	64.0	66.6
In bottom decile	1,280	600	680	8.2	7.7	8.7
In second decile	1,970	935	1,040	12.6	11.9	13.4
In third decile	2,255	1,090	1,160	14.4	13.9	14.9
In fourth decile	2,315	1,170	1,150	14.8	14.9	14.8
In fifth decile	2,385	1,230	1,155	15.3	15.7	14.8
In top half of the distribution	5,420	2,820	2,600	34.7	36.0	33.4
In sixth decile	2,025	1,050	965	13.0	13.4	12.4
In seventh decile	1,560	810	755	10.0	10.3	9.7
In eighth decile	1,010	515	500	6.5	6.6	6.4
In ninth decile	640	340	300	4.1	4.3	3.9
In top decile	185	110	80	1.2	1.4	1.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,620	...	...	15,620	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.239	...	...	0.239	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.382	...	...	0.382	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.207	...	...	0.207	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,680	7,880	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
French only	10,790	5,240	5,545	68.8	66.5	71.1
English and French	4,840	2,615	2,225	30.9	33.2	28.5
Neither English nor French	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,680	7,880	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	285	135	150	1.8	1.7	1.9
French	15,240	7,670	7,570	97.2	97.3	97.1
English and French	125	60	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,680	7,880	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,385	7,735	7,645	98.1	98.2	98.1
Official languages	14,940	7,520	7,415	95.3	95.4	95.1
English	235	115	120	1.5	1.5	1.5
French	14,700	7,405	7,295	93.8	94.0	93.6
Non-official languages	445	215	230	2.8	2.7	3.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	445	215	230	2.8	2.7	3.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	55	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	240	120	120	1.5	1.5	1.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Russian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	100	100	1.3	1.3	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Portuguese	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	120	55	65	0.8	0.7	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	295	150	150	1.9	1.9	1.9
English and French	190	90	100	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	75	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,680	7,880	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	110	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	14,580	7,340	7,245	93.0	93.1	92.9
Non-official language	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	495	240	255	3.2	3.0	3.3
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	280	135	145	1.8	1.7	1.9
English, French and non-official language(s)	115	60	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,680	7,880	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,455	7,770	7,685	98.6	98.6	98.6
Official languages	15,270	7,680	7,585	97.4	97.5	97.3
English	175	80	95	1.1	1.0	1.2
French	15,090	7,600	7,495	96.2	96.4	96.2
Non-official languages	185	90	100	1.2	1.1	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	185	90	100	1.2	1.1	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	50	55	0.7	0.6	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	110	115	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	120	55	65	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,675	7,880	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,965	7,530	7,440	95.5	95.6	95.4
English	350	180	170	2.2	2.3	2.2
French	125	55	70	0.8	0.7	0.9
Non-official language	145	75	75	0.9	1.0	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	145	75	70	0.9	1.0	0.9
English and French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,705	7,910	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,665	7,890	7,775	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	4,810	2,580	2,230	30.6	32.6	28.6
French	15,630	7,880	7,755	99.5	99.6	99.5
Non-official languages	965	500	465	6.1	6.3	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	965	500	460	6.1	6.3	5.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	115	110	1.4	1.5	1.4
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	225	115	110	1.4	1.5	1.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	225	115	110	1.4	1.5	1.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	105	40	65	0.7	0.5	0.8
Haitian Creole	95	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	520	300	220	3.3	3.8	2.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	430	240	190	2.7	3.0	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	65	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
Portuguese	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	315	165	150	2.0	2.1	1.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	30	30	0.3	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,700	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	300	120	180	1.9	1.5	2.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	265	105	160	1.7	1.3	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	170	55	110	1.1	0.7	1.4
Métis	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	15,400	7,785	7,615	98.1	98.5	97.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,700	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	75	25	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,630	7,880	7,750	99.6	99.7	99.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,865	...	...	64.1	...	...
Renter	2,160	...	...	35.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	420	...	...	7.0	...	...
Not condominium	5,605	...	...	93.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	590	...	...	9.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,120	...	...	35.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,975	...	...	32.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,325	...	...	22.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,910	...	...	31.7	...	...
5 rooms	1,035	...	...	17.2	...	...
6 rooms	810	...	...	13.4	...	...
7 rooms	900	...	...	14.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,380	...	...	22.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,955	...	...	98.8	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,815	...	...	96.5	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	310	...	...	5.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	670	...	...	11.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	430	...	...	7.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	765	...	...	12.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	550	...	...	9.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,070	...	...	17.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,195	...	...	19.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,030	...	...	17.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,835	...	...	96.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	195	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,915	...	...	48.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,960	...	...	49.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	220	...	...	3.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,540	...	...	25.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,345	...	...	22.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	870	...	...	14.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	950	...	...	15.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	680	...	...	11.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	315	...	...	5.2	...	...
85 years and over	95	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,165	...	...	86.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	840	...	...	14.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	815	...	...	13.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,200	...	...	19.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	815	...	...	13.5	...	...
Not suitable only	185	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	155	...	...	2.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,825	...	...	80.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	385	...	...	6.4	...	...
Not in core need	5,590	...	...	93.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,860	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	83.3	...	...	83.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.3	...	...	11.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,258	...	...	1,258	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	303,600	...	...	303,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,160	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.8	...	...	18.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.6	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	854	...	...	854	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,700	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	310	140	170	2.0	1.8	2.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	310	140	170	2.0	1.8	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	275	115	155	1.8	1.5	2.0
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	450	180	270	2.9	2.3	3.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	450	180	270	2.9	2.3	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	420	165	255	2.7	2.1	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,940	7,590	7,350	95.2	96.0	94.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,705	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	15,465	7,775	7,695	98.5	98.4	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,565	2,340	2,225	29.1	29.6	28.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,905	5,435	5,465	69.4	68.8	70.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	235	135	105	1.5	1.7	1.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,705	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	15,025	7,550	7,470	95.7	95.5	95.8
Immigrants⁸¹	650	325	325	4.1	4.1	4.2
Before 1980	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
1980 to 1990	85	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
1991 to 2000	85	45	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
2001 to 2010	175	75	95	1.1	0.9	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	245	130	115	1.6	1.6	1.5
2011 to 2015	160	80	80	1.0	1.0	1.0
2016 to 2021	85	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	645	325	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	95	65	30	14.7	20.0	9.2
5 to 14 years	160	60	95	24.8	18.5	29.2
15 to 24 years	100	40	65	15.5	12.3	20.0
25 to 44 years	275	150	125	42.6	46.2	38.5
45 years and over	20	10	0	3.1	3.1	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	645	325	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	200	80	120	31.0	24.6	36.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	15	0	15	2.3	0.0	4.6
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	65	30	35	10.1	9.2	10.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	3.1
Peru	25	0	20	3.9	0.0	6.2
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	20	15	6.2	6.2	4.6
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	25	7.0	6.2	7.7
Europe	145	85	60	22.5	26.2	18.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	70	50	20	10.9	15.4	6.2
Germany	15	10	0	2.3	3.1	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	25	0	15	3.9	0.0	4.6
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	3.1
Africa	245	130	115	38.0	40.0	35.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	115	65	55	17.8	20.0	16.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	125	70	60	19.4	21.5	18.5
Asia	60	30	30	9.3	9.2	9.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	15	4.7	4.6	4.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	85	55	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	20	10	35.3	36.4	33.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	0	17.6	18.2	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	30	20	64.7	54.5	66.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	25	15	41.2	45.5	50.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,700	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	705	370	330	4.5	4.7	4.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	760	370	390	4.8	4.7	5.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,240	7,165	7,075	90.7	90.6	90.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	585	285	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	340	185	160	58.1	64.9	53.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	120	85	35	20.5	29.8	11.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	220	95	120	37.6	33.3	40.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	195	75	120	33.3	26.3	40.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	25	20	6.8	8.8	6.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	585	285	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	40	25	10	6.8	8.8	3.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	20	15	4.3	7.0	5.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	0	2.6	3.5	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	495	235	260	84.6	82.5	86.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,700	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	800	385	415	5.1	4.9	5.3
South Asian	20	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	400	205	190	2.5	2.6	2.4
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	205	100	110	1.3	1.3	1.4
Latin American	130	55	75	0.8	0.7	1.0
Southeast Asian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,900	7,520	7,380	94.9	95.1	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,705	7,910	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,850	3,410	3,440	43.6	43.1	44.1
English	175	110	60	1.1	1.4	0.8
Irish	735	345	380	4.7	4.4	4.9
Scottish	165	75	95	1.1	0.9	1.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,500	1,255	1,245	15.9	15.9	16.0
German	155	80	75	1.0	1.0	1.0
Chinese	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Italian	605	335	275	3.9	4.2	3.5
Indian (India)	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Ukrainian	75	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.5
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	85	45	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Québécois	2,845	1,445	1,405	18.1	18.3	18.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	835	430	405	5.3	5.4	5.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	635	340	290	4.0	4.3	3.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	480	205	275	3.1	2.6	3.5
Métis	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Russian	50	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	115	55	60	0.7	0.7	0.8
American	120	50	70	0.8	0.6	0.9
Spanish	105	60	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Acadian	120	70	55	0.8	0.9	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	90	35	55	0.6	0.4	0.7
Greek	65	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	185	105	80	1.2	1.3	1.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	95	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Haitian	255	130	130	1.6	1.6	1.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	100	45	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	80	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Guatemalan	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Huron (Wendat)	40	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.4
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	70	40	40	0.4	0.5	0.5
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,700	7,905	7,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	9,315	4,675	4,635	59.3	59.1	59.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	660	330	330	4.2	4.2	4.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baptist	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catholic	8,435	4,235	4,200	53.7	53.6	53.9
Christian Orthodox	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	90	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	280	130	150	1.8	1.6	1.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	6,085	3,095	2,990	38.8	39.2	38.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,400	7,785	7,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,020	6,625	6,395	84.5	85.1	84.0
Movers	2,380	1,165	1,220	15.5	15.0	16.0
Non-migrants	960	505	455	6.2	6.5	6.0
Migrants	1,420	660	765	9.2	8.5	10.0
Internal migrants	1,395	645	745	9.1	8.3	9.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,375	635	740	8.9	8.2	9.7
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
External migrants	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,075	7,070	7,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,780	3,560	3,215	48.2	50.4	45.9
Movers	7,300	3,510	3,795	51.9	49.6	54.2
Non-migrants	2,180	1,075	1,105	15.5	15.2	15.8
Migrants	5,115	2,430	2,685	36.3	34.4	38.3
Internal migrants	5,010	2,370	2,640	35.6	33.5	37.7
Intraprovincial migrants	4,955	2,330	2,625	35.2	33.0	37.5
Interprovincial migrants	55	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
External migrants	115	65	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,585	5,770	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,860	2,230	1,625	33.3	38.6	27.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,720	3,540	4,185	66.6	61.4	72.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,350	4,175	4,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,265	1,385	890	27.1	33.2	21.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,090	2,795	3,290	72.9	66.9	78.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,580	5,770	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,065	1,710	1,355	26.5	29.6	23.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,705	1,265	1,440	23.4	21.9	24.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,805	2,795	3,015	50.1	48.4	51.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,210	2,590	2,625	45.0	44.9	45.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,375	2,020	1,360	29.1	35.0	23.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,265	1,090	1,175	19.6	18.9	20.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,110	925	185	9.6	16.0	3.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,555	480	1,070	13.4	8.3	18.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280	90	190	2.4	1.6	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	600	205	390	5.2	3.6	6.7
Bachelor's degree	440	125	315	3.8	2.2	5.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	75	45	30	0.6	0.8	0.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,355	4,175	4,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,610	955	655	19.3	22.9	15.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,745	850	895	20.9	20.4	21.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,000	2,370	2,630	59.8	56.8	63.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,510	2,210	2,295	54.0	52.9	55.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,000	1,750	1,250	35.9	41.9	29.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,015	945	1,075	24.1	22.6	25.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	990	810	185	11.8	19.4	4.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,290	405	885	15.4	9.7	21.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	65	160	2.8	1.6	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	490	155	335	5.9	3.7	8.0
Bachelor's degree	370	110	260	4.4	2.6	6.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Master's degree	60	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,580	5,770	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,775	2,975	2,800	49.9	51.6	48.2
Education	260	50	210	2.2	0.9	3.6
13. Education	260	50	210	2.2	0.9	3.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	90	55	1.3	1.6	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	100	50	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Humanities	170	55	110	1.5	1.0	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	40	85	1.1	0.7	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	380	50	330	3.3	0.9	5.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	0	210	1.8	0.0	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Business, management and public administration	1,145	210	940	9.9	3.6	16.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	70	0.6	0.0	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,080	210	870	9.3	3.6	15.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	80	45	1.0	1.4	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	80	40	1.0	1.4	0.7
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,830	1,675	160	15.8	29.0	2.8
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	55	45	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	255	195	60	2.2	3.4	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	685	650	30	5.9	11.3	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	485	460	25	4.2	8.0	0.4
48. Precision production	340	305	30	2.9	5.3	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	820	75	745	7.1	1.3	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	810	75	730	7.0	1.3	12.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	760	425	330	6.6	7.4	5.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	310	60	255	2.7	1.0	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	165	120	40	1.4	2.1	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	290	250	40	2.5	4.3	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,350	4,175	4,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,350	1,805	1,550	40.1	43.2	37.1
Education	210	25	180	2.5	0.6	4.3
13. Education	210	25	180	2.5	0.6	4.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	65	50	1.4	1.6	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	35	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	50	0.9	0.7	1.2
Humanities	100	30	65	1.2	0.7	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	25	55	1.0	0.6	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	355	40	315	4.3	1.0	7.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	0	195	2.3	0.0	4.7
22. Legal professions and studies	55	0	40	0.7	0.0	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	15	35	0.6	0.4	0.8
45. Social sciences	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Business, management and public administration	990	170	820	11.9	4.1	19.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	0	60	0.7	0.0	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	930	170	760	11.1	4.1	18.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	70	35	1.3	1.7	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	70	35	1.3	1.7	0.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,585	1,430	150	19.0	34.3	3.6
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
14. Engineering	45	35	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	235	180	55	2.8	4.3	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	575	545	30	6.9	13.1	0.7
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	420	400	20	5.0	9.6	0.5
48. Precision production	285	255	30	3.4	6.1	0.7
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Health and related fields	730	70	660	8.7	1.7	15.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	715	70	645	8.6	1.7	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	680	385	295	8.1	9.2	7.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	275	55	220	3.3	1.3	5.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	135	105	30	1.6	2.5	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	265	225	40	3.2	5.4	1.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,350	4,175	4,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,350	1,805	1,550	40.1	43.2	37.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,005	2,375	2,630	59.9	56.9	62.9
Location of study inside Canada	4,840	2,285	2,560	58.0	54.7	61.2
Same as province or territory of residence	4,820	2,270	2,555	57.7	54.4	61.1
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	160	85	75	1.9	2.0	1.8
Americas	30	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
United States of America	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	40	40	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	30	30	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	25	40	0.8	0.6	1.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Tunisia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Asia	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,580	5,770	5,815	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,130	4,245	3,885	...	...	...
Employed	7,665	4,035	3,630	...	...	...
Unemployed	465	210	255	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,455	1,525	1,925	...	...	...
Participation rate	70.2	73.6	66.8	70.2	73.6	66.8
Employment rate	66.2	69.9	62.4	66.2	69.9	62.4
Unemployment rate	5.7	4.9	6.6	5.7	4.9	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,580	5,770	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,445	1,495	1,945	29.7	25.9	33.5
Worked	8,140	4,275	3,865	70.3	74.1	66.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,145	2,285	1,860	35.8	39.6	32.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,995	1,990	2,005	34.5	34.5	34.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.4	40.8	41.6	42.4	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,125	4,240	3,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	55	65	1.5	1.3	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,010	4,185	3,820	98.6	98.7	98.3
Employee	7,105	3,665	3,440	87.4	86.4	88.5
Permanent position	6,380	3,380	3,010	78.5	79.7	77.5
Temporary position	725	290	435	8.9	6.8	11.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	170	55	120	2.1	1.3	3.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	550	235	315	6.8	5.5	8.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	900	520	380	11.1	12.3	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,125	4,240	3,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	55	65	1.5	1.3	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,010	4,185	3,820	98.6	98.7	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85	80	10	1.0	1.9	0.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,135	295	840	14.0	7.0	21.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	300	205	95	3.7	4.8	2.4
3 Health occupations	640	75	565	7.9	1.8	14.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	870	130	740	10.7	3.1	19.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	130	70	60	1.6	1.7	1.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,810	695	1,120	22.3	16.4	28.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,465	2,235	230	30.3	52.7	5.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	100	80	20	1.2	1.9	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	475	325	145	5.8	7.7	3.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,125	4,240	3,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	55	65	1.5	1.3	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	8,010	4,185	3,820	98.6	98.7	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	60	50	1.3	1.4	1.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	25	15	0.6	0.6	0.4
22 Utilities	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.3
23 Construction	1,420	1,220	205	17.5	28.8	5.3
31-33 Manufacturing	885	635	250	10.9	15.0	6.4
41 Wholesale trade	275	175	100	3.4	4.1	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,065	435	625	13.1	10.3	16.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	485	385	95	6.0	9.1	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	60	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	170	40	125	2.1	0.9	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	50	40	1.1	1.2	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	150	165	3.8	3.5	4.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	350	220	130	4.3	5.2	3.3
61 Educational services	390	60	325	4.8	1.4	8.4
62 Health care and social assistance	1,230	140	1,095	15.1	3.3	28.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	35	30	0.8	0.8	0.8
72 Accommodation and food services	410	175	240	5.0	4.1	6.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	390	195	195	4.8	4.6	5.0
91 Public administration	250	150	100	3.1	3.5	2.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,680	4,520	4,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	65	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	7,415	3,830	3,585	85.4	84.7	86.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,130	615	510	13.0	13.6	12.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,680	4,520	4,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,490	4,410	4,080	97.8	97.6	98.2
Official languages	8,485	4,405	4,080	97.8	97.5	98.2
English	200	130	70	2.3	2.9	1.7
French	8,290	4,280	4,010	95.5	94.7	96.5
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	110	75	2.1	2.4	1.8
English and French	175	100	70	2.0	2.2	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,680	4,520	4,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,645	3,970	3,680	88.1	87.8	88.6
English	830	425	405	9.6	9.4	9.7
French	140	95	45	1.6	2.1	1.1
Non-official language	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,665	4,030	3,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	845	310	530	11.0	7.7	14.6
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,580	1,240	340	20.6	30.8	9.4
Usual place of work	5,215	2,460	2,755	68.0	61.0	75.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,215	2,460	2,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,305	505	805	25.0	20.5	29.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	230	95	135	4.4	3.9	4.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,655	1,845	1,810	70.1	75.0	65.7
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,795	3,700	3,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,435	3,520	2,915	94.7	95.1	94.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,185	3,400	2,780	91.0	91.9	89.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	250	120	130	3.7	3.2	4.2
Public transit	50	10	40	0.7	0.3	1.3
Walked	175	85	90	2.6	2.3	2.9
Bicycle	30	25	10	0.4	0.7	0.3
Other method	100	55	45	1.5	1.5	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,795	3,700	3,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,290	555	735	19.0	15.0	23.7
15 to 29 minutes	1,315	580	740	19.4	15.7	23.9
30 to 44 minutes	2,145	1,190	955	31.6	32.2	30.8
45 to 59 minutes	1,135	705	425	16.7	19.1	13.7
60 minutes and over	910	670	245	13.4	18.1	7.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,795	3,700	3,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,115	905	215	16.4	24.5	6.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,435	865	570	21.1	23.4	18.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,450	545	900	21.3	14.7	29.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	800	265	535	11.8	7.2	17.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	470	135	335	6.9	3.6	10.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,530	980	550	22.5	26.5	17.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,470	2,295	2,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	470	245	220	10.5	10.7	10.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,000	2,050	1,950	89.5	89.3	89.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,830	1,480	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	325	175	150	11.5	11.8	11.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	175	85	85	6.2	5.7	6.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	90	60	5.3	6.1	4.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,505	1,305	1,200	88.5	88.2	88.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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