Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Lac-Saint-JeanMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	103,886	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	104,911	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.0	...	...	- 1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	52,839	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	47,080	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	55,366.57	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	103,890	52,270	51,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16,235	8,330	7,905	15.6	15.9	15.3
0 to 4 years	4,665	2,375	2,295	4.5	4.5	4.4
5 to 9 years	5,500	2,885	2,615	5.3	5.5	5.1
10 to 14 years	6,065	3,065	3,000	5.8	5.9	5.8
15 to 64 years	61,000	31,085	29,915	58.7	59.5	58.0
15 to 19 years	5,115	2,565	2,550	4.9	4.9	4.9
20 to 24 years	4,580	2,420	2,165	4.4	4.6	4.2
25 to 29 years	4,665	2,400	2,260	4.5	4.6	4.4
30 to 34 years	5,040	2,505	2,535	4.9	4.8	4.9
35 to 39 years	5,945	3,050	2,895	5.7	5.8	5.6
40 to 44 years	6,350	3,310	3,040	6.1	6.3	5.9
45 to 49 years	5,300	2,685	2,620	5.1	5.1	5.1
50 to 54 years	5,545	2,825	2,725	5.3	5.4	5.3
55 to 59 years	8,455	4,255	4,200	8.1	8.1	8.1
60 to 64 years	10,005	5,080	4,925	9.6	9.7	9.5
65 years and over	26,645	12,860	13,785	25.6	24.6	26.7
65 to 69 years	8,645	4,480	4,160	8.3	8.6	8.1
70 to 74 years	6,895	3,450	3,445	6.6	6.6	6.7
75 to 79 years	4,960	2,415	2,545	4.8	4.6	4.9
80 to 84 years	3,110	1,385	1,725	3.0	2.6	3.3
85 years and over	3,040	1,125	1,915	2.9	2.2	3.7
85 to 89 years	1,925	755	1,170	1.9	1.4	2.3
90 to 94 years	865	280	580	0.8	0.5	1.1
95 to 99 years	225	85	140	0.2	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	30	5	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	15.9	15.3	15.6	15.9	15.3
15 to 64 years	58.7	59.5	58.0	58.7	59.5	58.0
65 years and over	25.6	24.6	26.7	25.6	24.6	26.7
85 years and over	2.9	2.2	3.7	2.9	2.2	3.7
Average age of the population	45.8	45.1	46.4	45.8	45.1	46.4
Median age of the population	48.8	47.6	49.6	48.8	47.6	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	47,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	30,340	...	...	64.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,380	...	...	5.1	...	...
Row house	625	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,595	...	...	9.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,050	...	...	17.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	360	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	660	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	47,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	16,330	...	...	34.7	...	...
2 persons	18,480	...	...	39.3	...	...
3 persons	5,045	...	...	10.7	...	...
4 persons	4,705	...	...	10.0	...	...
5 or more persons	2,520	...	...	5.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	100,830	51,040	49,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	87,650	43,945	43,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	52,820	26,310	26,510	60.3	59.9	60.7
Married	29,050	14,490	14,560	33.1	33.0	33.3
Living common-law	23,770	11,815	11,955	27.1	26.9	27.4
Living common law - Never married	18,790	9,340	9,455	21.4	21.3	21.6
Living common law - Separated	250	115	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	4,055	2,095	1,965	4.6	4.8	4.5
Living common law - Widowed	670	265	400	0.8	0.6	0.9
Not married and not living common-law	34,830	17,640	17,185	39.7	40.1	39.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	22,540	12,865	9,670	25.7	29.3	22.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,065	530	535	1.2	1.2	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,780	2,810	2,970	6.6	6.4	6.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,445	1,435	4,015	6.2	3.3	9.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	29,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	18,285	...	...	61.1	...	...
3 persons	4,835	...	...	16.2	...	...
4 persons	4,575	...	...	15.3	...	...
5 or more persons	2,230	...	...	7.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	29,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	25,965	...	...	86.8	...	...
Married couples	14,085	...	...	47.1	...	...
With children⁶	3,680	...	...	12.3	...	...
Without children	10,405	...	...	34.8	...	...
Common-law couples	11,885	...	...	39.7	...	...
With children⁶	6,260	...	...	20.9	...	...
Without children	5,615	...	...	18.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,960	...	...	13.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,735	...	...	9.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,225	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	100,825	51,035	49,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	81,160	40,550	40,615	80.5	79.5	81.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	51,930	25,875	26,060	51.5	50.7	52.3
Parents in one-parent families	3,955	1,220	2,735	3.9	2.4	5.5
Children⁶	25,275	13,455	11,820	25.1	26.4	23.7
In a two-parent family	19,045	10,050	8,995	18.9	19.7	18.1
In a one-parent family	6,230	3,405	2,825	6.2	6.7	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,665	10,490	9,175	19.5	20.6	18.4
Living alone	16,330	8,695	7,635	16.2	17.0	15.3
Living with other relatives⁷	1,615	775	845	1.6	1.5	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	1,715	1,020	695	1.7	2.0	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	47,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	28,790	...	...	61.2	...	...
Couple-family households	25,185	...	...	53.5	...	...
With children⁶	9,630	...	...	20.5	...	...
Without children	15,555	...	...	33.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,605	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	285	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	75	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	585	...	...	1.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,015	...	...	2.2	...	...
One-person households	16,330	...	...	34.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	84,620	42,735	41,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	83,395	42,205	41,190	98.6	98.8	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	32,400	38,800	46,000	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	83,410	42,210	41,195	98.6	98.8	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,000	29,600	34,800	40,000	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	73,410	38,490	34,925	86.8	90.1	83.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	38,400	24,000	31,200	38,400	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	56,940	30,870	26,070	67.3	72.2	62.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	40,400	27,400	33,600	40,400	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	71,340	34,700	36,635	84.3	81.2	87.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	12,300	12,800	12,600	12,300	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,755	8,620	6,135	17.4	20.2	14.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	6,280	5,320	5,800	6,280	5,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,235	11,130	10,105	25.1	26.0	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,000	6,000	5,480	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	84,655	42,740	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	83,395	42,175	41,220	98.5	98.7	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,480	52,450	38,360	45,480	52,450	38,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	83,410	42,190	41,220	98.5	98.7	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,520	43,440	33,440	38,520	43,440	33,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	73,335	38,515	34,820	86.6	90.1	83.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,040	46,080	31,240	39,040	46,080	31,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	57,020	31,045	25,975	67.4	72.6	62.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,640	46,200	34,000	40,640	46,200	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	71,245	34,585	36,660	84.2	80.9	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,040	12,610	13,440	13,040	12,610	13,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,770	8,670	6,100	17.4	20.3	14.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,170	7,360	6,900	7,170	7,360	6,900
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,220	11,225	9,995	25.1	26.3	23.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,920	6,550	7,340	6,920	6,550	7,340
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	84,650	42,740	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	26,240	14,555	11,685	31.0	34.1	27.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	61,200	45,600	53,600	61,200	45,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,000	66,800	51,500	60,000	66,800	51,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	23,360	12,125	11,240	27.6	28.4	26.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	25,200	15,300	19,800	25,200	15,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,360	32,880	21,400	27,360	32,880	21,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.4	80.2	68.8	75.4	80.2	68.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.1	64.8	55.9	61.1	64.8	55.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.5	19.7	31.2	24.5	19.7	31.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	2.9	2.7	2.8	2.9	2.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	4.0	5.9	4.8	4.0	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.3	4.6	3.9	3.3	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	84,615	42,735	41,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,220	530	695	1.4	1.2	1.7
With total income	83,395	42,205	41,190	98.6	98.8	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,380	1,895	3,485	6.5	4.5	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	11,535	4,120	7,415	13.8	9.8	18.0
$20,000 to $29,999	14,440	6,375	8,065	17.3	15.1	19.6
$30,000 to $39,999	11,490	5,235	6,255	13.8	12.4	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	11,060	5,750	5,315	13.3	13.6	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	9,005	5,130	3,875	10.8	12.2	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	6,095	3,990	2,105	7.3	9.5	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	4,270	2,835	1,435	5.1	6.7	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,225	1,945	1,280	3.9	4.6	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	2,020	1,285	735	2.4	3.0	1.8
$100,000 and over	4,875	3,650	1,225	5.8	8.6	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	3,920	2,940	975	4.7	7.0	2.4
$150,000 and over	960	715	250	1.2	1.7	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	84,615	42,735	41,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,210	520	685	1.4	1.2	1.6
With after-tax income	83,410	42,215	41,200	98.6	98.8	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,820	2,000	3,815	7.0	4.7	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	12,055	4,375	7,680	14.5	10.4	18.6
$20,000 to $29,999	16,770	7,395	9,380	20.1	17.5	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	14,505	7,210	7,300	17.4	17.1	17.7
$40,000 to $49,999	12,890	7,385	5,510	15.5	17.5	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	8,405	5,400	3,005	10.1	12.8	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	5,300	3,230	2,070	6.4	7.7	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,180	1,980	1,195	3.8	4.7	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,905	1,335	565	2.3	3.2	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	1,055	800	260	1.3	1.9	0.6
$100,000 and over	1,525	1,105	420	1.8	2.6	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	900	650	245	1.1	1.5	0.6
$125,000 and over	625	450	175	0.7	1.1	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	84,615	42,735	41,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	27,675	11,860	15,815	32.7	27.8	37.8
With employment income	56,945	30,870	26,070	67.3	72.2	62.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,310	3,985	3,325	12.8	12.9	12.8
$5,000 to $9,999	4,690	1,935	2,755	8.2	6.3	10.6
$10,000 to $19,999	7,620	3,295	4,325	13.4	10.7	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	6,510	2,950	3,560	11.4	9.6	13.7
$30,000 to $39,999	6,405	3,120	3,290	11.2	10.1	12.6
$40,000 to $49,999	5,895	3,085	2,810	10.4	10.0	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	4,665	2,915	1,755	8.2	9.4	6.7
$60,000 to $69,999	3,660	2,505	1,160	6.4	8.1	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	2,660	1,820	845	4.7	5.9	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	2,525	1,445	1,080	4.4	4.7	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,385	955	425	2.4	3.1	1.6
$100,000 and over	3,605	2,860	740	6.3	9.3	2.8
$100,000 to $124,999	2,170	1,730	440	3.8	5.6	1.7
$125,000 and over	1,435	1,135	305	2.5	3.7	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	84,620	42,735	41,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	82,465	41,750	40,720	97.5	97.7	97.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,800	29,000	36,800	44,800	29,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	82,540	41,755	40,785	97.5	97.7	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	39,200	26,600	32,800	39,200	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	72,570	38,160	34,410	85.8	89.3	82.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	40,000	24,800	31,800	40,000	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	57,785	31,245	26,550	68.3	73.1	63.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	41,600	27,000	33,600	41,600	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,955	31,810	34,145	77.9	74.4	81.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,400	10,500	10,000	9,400	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	15,070	8,970	6,095	17.8	21.0	14.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,560	4,720	5,200	5,560	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	84,655	42,740	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	82,450	41,695	40,755	97.4	97.6	97.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,440	51,200	35,560	43,440	51,200	35,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	82,530	41,695	40,840	97.5	97.6	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,640	42,200	30,960	36,640	42,200	30,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	72,520	38,195	34,330	85.7	89.4	81.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	47,240	31,080	39,600	47,240	31,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	57,685	31,365	26,315	68.1	73.4	62.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,640	46,840	33,280	40,640	46,840	33,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65,830	31,695	34,135	77.8	74.2	81.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,800	10,380	11,190	10,800	10,380	11,190
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,900	8,940	5,960	17.6	20.9	14.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,890	6,740	7,110	6,890	6,740	7,110
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	84,650	42,740	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	26,130	14,500	11,635	30.9	33.9	27.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	59,600	42,800	51,600	59,600	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,500	65,000	48,160	57,500	65,000	48,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	22,335	11,725	10,615	26.4	27.4	25.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	29,200	18,200	22,800	29,200	18,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,640	36,960	23,680	30,640	36,960	23,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.2	84.6	73.6	80.2	84.6	73.6
Employment income (%)	65.4	68.8	60.5	65.4	68.8	60.5
Government transfers (%)	19.8	15.4	26.4	19.8	15.4	26.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.9	2.8	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	47,080	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	16,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	30,750	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	47,095	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,500	...	...	80,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,200	...	...	68,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	16,335	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,320	...	...	42,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,080	...	...	36,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	30,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,800	...	...	100,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,300	...	...	85,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	47,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	215	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	230	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	675	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,085	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,470	...	...	7.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,755	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,955	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,780	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,410	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,260	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,130	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,690	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,255	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,060	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,510	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,580	...	...	28.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,175	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,295	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,405	...	...	7.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,705	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	47,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	265	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	245	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	710	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,150	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,645	...	...	7.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,225	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,465	...	...	5.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,270	...	...	6.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,865	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,520	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,690	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,295	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,605	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,220	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,710	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,200	...	...	19.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,460	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,500	...	...	5.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,235	...	...	4.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	30,100	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	15,615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	9,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	18,045	9,720	8,330	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	40,000	29,400	34,800	40,000	29,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	35,200	27,800	31,400	35,200	27,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	30,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,200	...	...	101,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15,545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,700	...	...	71,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,600	...	...	138,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,300	...	...	115,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,850	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	73,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,400	...	...	64,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	18,060	9,715	8,345	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,520	46,400	35,760	41,520	46,400	35,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,480	38,760	31,680	35,480	38,760	31,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	100,825	51,040	49,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	19,330	9,905	9,430	19.2	19.4	18.9
0 to 5 years	5,730	2,930	2,800	5.7	5.7	5.6
18 to 64 years	57,305	29,065	28,240	56.8	56.9	56.7
65 years and over	24,185	12,065	12,120	24.0	23.6	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,730	5,810	6,920	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,515	775	745	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	495	250	245	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,155	2,490	2,660	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,060	2,540	3,520	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.6	11.4	13.9	12.6	11.4	13.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	7.8	7.9	7.9	7.8	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.5	8.8	8.6	8.5	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.6	9.4	9.0	8.6	9.4
65 years and over (%)	25.1	21.0	29.0	25.1	21.0	29.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	98,830	50,035	48,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	18,915	9,695	9,225	19.1	19.4	18.9
0 to 5 years	5,610	2,865	2,740	5.7	5.7	5.6
18 to 64 years	56,095	28,455	27,635	56.8	56.9	56.6
65 years and over	23,820	11,885	11,935	24.1	23.8	24.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,285	1,185	1,095	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	245	130	120	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	80	45	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,775	955	815	...	...	...
65 years and over	265	105	160	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.6	1.1	1.4	1.6	1.1
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	3.4	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.9	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	100,825	51,035	49,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	60,310	29,820	30,490	59.8	58.4	61.2
In bottom decile	9,830	4,435	5,395	9.7	8.7	10.8
In second decile	12,400	6,035	6,370	12.3	11.8	12.8
In third decile	12,380	6,225	6,155	12.3	12.2	12.4
In fourth decile	13,140	6,665	6,475	13.0	13.1	13.0
In fifth decile	12,560	6,460	6,095	12.5	12.7	12.2
In top half of the distribution	40,515	21,215	19,300	40.2	41.6	38.8
In sixth decile	11,280	5,940	5,340	11.2	11.6	10.7
In seventh decile	10,765	5,575	5,190	10.7	10.9	10.4
In eighth decile	8,640	4,475	4,160	8.6	8.8	8.4
In ninth decile	6,340	3,355	2,985	6.3	6.6	6.0
In top decile	3,495	1,870	1,620	3.5	3.7	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	100,830	...	...	100,830	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.283	...	...	0.283	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.424	...	...	0.424	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.246	...	...	0.246	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	102,625	51,610	51,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	75	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	85,505	41,665	43,835	83.3	80.7	85.9
English and French	16,985	9,875	7,115	16.6	19.1	13.9
Neither English nor French	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	102,625	51,610	51,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	390	190	200	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	102,085	51,345	50,745	99.5	99.5	99.5
English and French	95	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	55	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	102,625	51,610	51,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	102,205	51,400	50,805	99.6	99.6	99.6
Official languages	101,530	51,035	50,490	98.9	98.9	99.0
English	395	190	205	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	101,135	50,845	50,290	98.5	98.5	98.6
Non-official languages	675	360	315	0.7	0.7	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	270	130	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algonquian languages	270	130	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	265	125	140	0.3	0.2	0.3
Atikamekw	160	80	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	230	175	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	245	145	95	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	120	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	155	95	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	420	215	210	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	275	130	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	120	70	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	102,625	51,610	51,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	150	75	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
French	100,575	50,480	50,095	98.0	97.8	98.2
Non-official language	180	100	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	75	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	105	70	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,150	660	490	1.1	1.3	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	425	215	205	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	135	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	102,625	51,610	51,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	102,340	51,475	50,860	99.7	99.7	99.7
Official languages	102,040	51,305	50,730	99.4	99.4	99.4
English	230	115	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
French	101,810	51,195	50,615	99.2	99.2	99.2
Non-official languages	300	170	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	135	65	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	135	60	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	135	60	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	105	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	110	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	85	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	80	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	70	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	285	135	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	170	80	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	102,625	51,610	51,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	101,160	50,780	50,385	98.6	98.4	98.8
English	930	555	380	0.9	1.1	0.7
French	175	95	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	230	120	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	160	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	100,830	51,040	49,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	100,775	50,995	49,780	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	16,990	9,885	7,105	16.9	19.4	14.3
French	100,695	50,955	49,735	99.9	99.8	99.9
Non-official languages	2,420	1,180	1,240	2.4	2.3	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	460	215	245	0.5	0.4	0.5
Algonquian languages	435	210	230	0.4	0.4	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	435	205	230	0.4	0.4	0.5
Atikamekw	225	105	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree languages	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	210	100	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,985	975	1,005	2.0	1.9	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	75	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	110	70	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	110	70	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	60	15	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,585	775	810	1.6	1.5	1.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	55	25	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,480	735	750	1.5	1.4	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	85	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,395	690	700	1.4	1.4	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	95	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	100,830	51,035	49,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	6,990	3,540	3,450	6.9	6.9	6.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	6,660	3,390	3,275	6.6	6.6	6.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,155	2,070	2,085	4.1	4.1	4.2
Métis	2,405	1,255	1,155	2.4	2.5	2.3
Inuk (Inuit)	100	65	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	85	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	240	110	135	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	93,840	47,495	46,345	93.1	93.1	93.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	100,830	51,035	49,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,805	1,850	1,950	3.8	3.6	3.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	97,030	49,185	47,845	96.2	96.4	96.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	34,085	...	...	72.4	...	...
Renter	12,940	...	...	27.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	70	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,945	...	...	6.3	...	...
Not condominium	44,150	...	...	93.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	4,430	...	...	9.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,170	...	...	28.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,720	...	...	33.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	13,680	...	...	29.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,900	...	...	25.3	...	...
5 rooms	7,810	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	6,320	...	...	13.4	...	...
7 rooms	6,020	...	...	12.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,045	...	...	31.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,010	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	85	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	46,655	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	440	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	12,125	...	...	25.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,780	...	...	33.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,660	...	...	14.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,245	...	...	11.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,690	...	...	3.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,880	...	...	4.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,210	...	...	4.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,495	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	44,615	...	...	94.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,475	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	27,770	...	...	59.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	18,825	...	...	40.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	505	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,275	...	...	2.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,190	...	...	11.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,240	...	...	15.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,380	...	...	13.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,135	...	...	23.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,515	...	...	20.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,040	...	...	10.7	...	...
85 years and over	1,320	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	45,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	41,530	...	...	90.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,250	...	...	9.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,995	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	47,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,795	...	...	14.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,905	...	...	8.3	...	...
Not suitable only	390	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,125	...	...	4.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	320	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	40,305	...	...	85.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	45,525	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,410	...	...	3.1	...	...
Not in core need	44,120	...	...	96.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,080	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.4	...	...	59.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	888	...	...	888	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	174,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	195,400	...	...	195,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,760	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.0	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.9	...	...	15.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	544	...	...	544	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	571	...	...	571	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	70	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	14.3	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	372	...	...	372	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	440	...	...	440	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	100,830	51,040	49,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	6,120	3,130	2,985	6.1	6.1	6.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	6,020	3,085	2,940	6.0	6.0	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	5,090	2,605	2,485	5.0	5.1	5.0
Métis single ancestry	885	455	430	0.9	0.9	0.9
Inuit single ancestry	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,565	1,740	1,820	3.5	3.4	3.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,520	1,720	1,795	3.5	3.4	3.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	3,070	1,490	1,585	3.0	2.9	3.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	430	225	200	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	91,145	46,165	44,985	90.4	90.4	90.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	100,830	51,040	49,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	99,985	50,505	49,475	99.2	99.0	99.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,220	9,795	9,425	19.1	19.2	18.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	80,760	40,715	40,050	80.1	79.8	80.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	845	530	320	0.8	1.0	0.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	100,830	51,040	49,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	99,480	50,235	49,245	98.7	98.4	98.9
Immigrants⁸¹	850	445	405	0.8	0.9	0.8
Before 1980	160	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
1980 to 1990	45	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
1991 to 2000	85	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	245	145	95	0.2	0.3	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	320	150	170	0.3	0.3	0.3
2011 to 2015	185	80	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	135	65	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	495	355	145	0.5	0.7	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	850	445	405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	135	75	60	15.9	16.9	14.8
5 to 14 years	105	40	65	12.4	9.0	16.0
15 to 24 years	160	90	65	18.8	20.2	16.0
25 to 44 years	410	205	200	48.2	46.1	49.4
45 years and over	40	25	15	4.7	5.6	3.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	850	445	405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	185	80	100	21.8	18.0	24.7
Brazil	25	10	20	2.9	2.2	4.9
Colombia	25	0	15	2.9	0.0	3.7
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	50	20	25	5.9	4.5	6.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	35	15	15	4.1	3.4	3.7
Peru	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.5
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.5
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	2.9	3.4	2.5
Europe	385	220	165	45.3	49.4	40.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	205	130	80	24.1	29.2	19.8
Germany	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	15	10	2.9	3.4	2.5
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	50	40	10.6	11.2	9.9
Africa	180	100	85	21.2	22.5	21.0
Algeria	10	10	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	0	1.8	2.2	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	145	65	80	17.1	14.6	19.8
Asia	100	40	60	11.8	9.0	14.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	0	1.8	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	3.5	2.2	4.9
Viet Nam	20	10	15	2.4	2.2	3.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	15	3.5	2.2	3.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	135	65	65	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	15	14.8	15.4	23.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	15	11.1	0.0	23.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	7.4	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	55	35	25	40.7	53.8	38.5
France	45	30	15	33.3	46.2	23.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	45	20	20	33.3	30.8	30.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	15	0	10	11.1	0.0	15.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	18.5	15.4	15.4
Asia	15	0	10	11.1	0.0	15.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	7.4	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	7.4	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	100,835	51,035	49,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,565	875	690	1.6	1.7	1.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,100	605	495	1.1	1.2	1.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	98,170	49,560	48,605	97.4	97.1	97.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	695	365	330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	315	170	150	45.3	46.6	45.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	170	115	55	24.5	31.5	16.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	150	55	95	21.6	15.1	28.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	340	175	170	48.9	47.9	51.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	2.9	2.7	3.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	15	0	2.2	4.1	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	695	365	330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	15	0	2.9	4.1	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	65	25	12.9	17.8	7.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	3.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	30	20	7.2	8.2	6.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	500	245	265	71.9	67.1	80.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	100,830	51,035	49,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,095	545	550	1.1	1.1	1.1
South Asian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	135	30	105	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	440	235	205	0.4	0.5	0.4
Filipino	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arab	65	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	175	110	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Southeast Asian	95	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	99,740	50,490	49,245	98.9	98.9	98.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	100,830	51,040	49,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	42,025	21,230	20,790	41.7	41.6	41.8
English	445	225	215	0.4	0.4	0.4
Irish	1,545	745	805	1.5	1.5	1.6
Scottish	770	335	435	0.8	0.7	0.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	19,005	9,895	9,105	18.8	19.4	18.3
German	430	175	255	0.4	0.3	0.5
Chinese	125	40	85	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italian	420	210	205	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indian (India)	105	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	105	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	16,140	8,005	8,135	16.0	15.7	16.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	11,435	5,680	5,755	11.3	11.1	11.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,985	1,575	1,415	3.0	3.1	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	3,075	1,480	1,595	3.0	2.9	3.2
Métis	1,435	745	690	1.4	1.5	1.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,165	650	510	1.2	1.3	1.0
Russian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	215	105	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	110	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	755	345	410	0.7	0.7	0.8
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	165	85	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	185	90	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,620	810	805	1.6	1.6	1.6
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	1,345	745	595	1.3	1.5	1.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	205	130	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haitian	115	40	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	105	85	20	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	120	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	450	215	235	0.4	0.4	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	35	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	100	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	585	300	285	0.6	0.6	0.6
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	2,150	1,080	1,070	2.1	2.1	2.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	180	85	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	65	20	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	200	90	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Norman	85	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	275	115	165	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	100,830	51,035	49,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	83,950	41,785	42,165	83.3	81.9	84.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	6,200	3,190	3,010	6.1	6.3	6.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baptist	115	50	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	76,920	38,195	38,720	76.3	74.8	77.8
Christian Orthodox	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	260	115	150	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	260	130	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	110	65	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	260	130	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	16,380	8,985	7,400	16.2	17.6	14.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	99,900	50,595	49,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	91,455	46,445	45,010	91.5	91.8	91.3
Movers	8,445	4,155	4,295	8.5	8.2	8.7
Non-migrants	4,840	2,350	2,495	4.8	4.6	5.1
Migrants	3,605	1,805	1,805	3.6	3.6	3.7
Internal migrants	3,430	1,685	1,745	3.4	3.3	3.5
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	1,645	1,685	3.3	3.3	3.4
Interprovincial migrants	100	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	170	115	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	96,155	48,735	47,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	68,070	34,775	33,300	70.8	71.4	70.2
Movers	28,080	13,965	14,115	29.2	28.7	29.8
Non-migrants	12,875	6,230	6,645	13.4	12.8	14.0
Migrants	15,210	7,740	7,470	15.8	15.9	15.8
Internal migrants	14,635	7,375	7,260	15.2	15.1	15.3
Intraprovincial migrants	14,385	7,245	7,135	15.0	14.9	15.0
Interprovincial migrants	250	130	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	575	360	215	0.6	0.7	0.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	84,650	42,740	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	21,925	12,040	9,875	25.9	28.2	23.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	62,725	30,695	32,030	74.1	71.8	76.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	50,795	25,745	25,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,825	5,870	3,950	19.3	22.8	15.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	40,970	19,870	21,100	80.7	77.2	84.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	84,655	42,735	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,685	9,635	9,050	22.1	22.5	21.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	16,820	7,665	9,155	19.9	17.9	21.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,150	25,445	23,705	58.1	59.5	56.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	39,095	21,270	17,825	46.2	49.8	42.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,860	13,845	8,015	25.8	32.4	19.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	16,295	9,410	6,885	19.2	22.0	16.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	5,565	4,435	1,130	6.6	10.4	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	14,625	6,605	8,020	17.3	15.5	19.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,610	820	1,785	3.1	1.9	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,055	4,175	5,880	11.9	9.8	14.0
Bachelor's degree	7,525	2,945	4,575	8.9	6.9	10.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	840	410	430	1.0	1.0	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	135	180	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	1,255	605	650	1.5	1.4	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	75	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	50,790	25,745	25,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,545	4,200	3,345	14.9	16.3	13.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,415	3,460	3,955	14.6	13.4	15.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,830	18,080	17,750	70.5	70.2	70.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	28,365	15,380	12,985	55.8	59.7	51.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,765	10,370	6,390	33.0	40.3	25.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	12,640	7,070	5,570	24.9	27.5	22.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,125	3,305	825	8.1	12.8	3.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,155	4,620	5,530	20.0	17.9	22.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,445	385	1,065	2.8	1.5	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,470	2,700	4,765	14.7	10.5	19.0
Bachelor's degree	5,515	1,910	3,605	10.9	7.4	14.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	620	250	375	1.2	1.0	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	90	175	0.5	0.3	0.7
Master's degree	970	400	565	1.9	1.6	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	84,650	42,740	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35,500	17,300	18,205	41.9	40.5	43.4
Education	4,430	1,040	3,390	5.2	2.4	8.1
13. Education	4,430	1,040	3,390	5.2	2.4	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	770	355	410	0.9	0.8	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	70	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	660	295	370	0.8	0.7	0.9
Humanities	1,475	700	770	1.7	1.6	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	90	25	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	910	425	485	1.1	1.0	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	75	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	105	85	20	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	175	65	110	0.2	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,630	625	2,000	3.1	1.5	4.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	275	110	160	0.3	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,150	30	1,120	1.4	0.1	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	275	125	150	0.3	0.3	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	105	10	95	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	370	115	250	0.4	0.3	0.6
45. Social sciences	415	205	210	0.5	0.5	0.5
Business, management and public administration	9,560	2,660	6,895	11.3	6.2	16.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	805	100	705	1.0	0.2	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,750	2,560	6,190	10.3	6.0	14.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	855	480	380	1.0	1.1	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	115	120	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	70	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	245	110	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
40. Physical sciences	190	160	30	0.2	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	925	600	320	1.1	1.4	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	755	560	195	0.9	1.3	0.5
25. Library science	120	10	110	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	12,705	11,910	790	15.0	27.9	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	235	125	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	640	540	100	0.8	1.3	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,615	2,310	305	3.1	5.4	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	3,035	2,960	75	3.6	6.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,650	3,510	140	4.3	8.2	0.3
48. Precision production	2,530	2,460	70	3.0	5.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,485	2,625	855	4.1	6.1	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,330	755	575	1.6	1.8	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,150	1,870	280	2.5	4.4	0.7
Health and related fields	6,640	1,025	5,620	7.8	2.4	13.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	285	165	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	6,235	795	5,440	7.4	1.9	13.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	130	60	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,670	3,405	2,260	6.7	8.0	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,575	595	1,980	3.0	1.4	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	825	675	150	1.0	1.6	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,265	2,125	140	2.7	5.0	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	50,795	25,745	25,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,960	7,660	7,300	29.5	29.8	29.1
Education	2,645	470	2,180	5.2	1.8	8.7
13. Education	2,645	470	2,180	5.2	1.8	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	575	235	340	1.1	0.9	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	490	175	310	1.0	0.7	1.2
Humanities	695	325	370	1.4	1.3	1.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	410	215	190	0.8	0.8	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	65	50	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	100	30	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,005	435	1,570	3.9	1.7	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	205	95	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	940	20	920	1.9	0.1	3.7
22. Legal professions and studies	210	85	125	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	290	90	195	0.6	0.3	0.8
45. Social sciences	285	125	165	0.6	0.5	0.7
Business, management and public administration	7,225	1,740	5,480	14.2	6.8	21.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	640	70	575	1.3	0.3	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,580	1,670	4,910	13.0	6.5	19.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	460	260	205	0.9	1.0	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	185	80	100	0.4	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	140	115	25	0.3	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	735	485	255	1.4	1.9	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	635	475	165	1.3	1.8	0.7
25. Library science	80	0	80	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	9,420	8,745	675	18.5	34.0	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	195	100	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
14. Engineering	510	425	90	1.0	1.7	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,905	1,660	240	3.8	6.4	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,155	2,090	70	4.2	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,795	2,670	120	5.5	10.4	0.5
48. Precision production	1,860	1,800	60	3.7	7.0	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,780	2,065	715	5.5	8.0	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,025	555	470	2.0	2.2	1.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,750	1,510	245	3.4	5.9	1.0
Health and related fields	4,815	660	4,155	9.5	2.6	16.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	180	105	75	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,520	500	4,020	8.9	1.9	16.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,470	2,665	1,805	8.8	10.4	7.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,970	390	1,575	3.9	1.5	6.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	675	560	120	1.3	2.2	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,820	1,710	105	3.6	6.6	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	50,795	25,745	25,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,960	7,660	7,300	29.5	29.8	29.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	35,835	18,085	17,750	70.5	70.2	70.9
Location of study inside Canada	35,435	17,850	17,590	69.8	69.3	70.2
Same as province or territory of residence	35,215	17,765	17,455	69.3	69.0	69.7
Different than province or territory of residence	225	90	135	0.4	0.3	0.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	395	235	165	0.8	0.9	0.7
Americas	80	55	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
United States of America	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	45	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	240	140	100	0.5	0.5	0.4
Belgium	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	170	105	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	84,655	42,735	41,910	...	...	...
In the labour force	49,570	26,465	23,105	...	...	...
Employed	46,455	24,615	21,840	...	...	...
Unemployed	3,115	1,850	1,265	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	35,080	16,270	18,805	...	...	...
Participation rate	58.6	61.9	55.1	58.6	61.9	55.1
Employment rate	54.9	57.6	52.1	54.9	57.6	52.1
Unemployment rate	6.3	7.0	5.5	6.3	7.0	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	84,650	42,740	41,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	33,695	15,270	18,425	39.8	35.7	44.0
Worked	50,955	27,470	23,485	60.2	64.3	56.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	26,735	14,835	11,905	31.6	34.7	28.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	24,225	12,640	11,585	28.6	29.6	27.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.4	41.2	41.3	41.4	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	49,575	26,470	23,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	830	395	435	1.7	1.5	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	48,740	26,075	22,670	98.3	98.5	98.1
Employee	43,715	22,965	20,750	88.2	86.8	89.8
Permanent position	34,805	18,340	16,465	70.2	69.3	71.3
Temporary position	8,910	4,625	4,285	18.0	17.5	18.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	2,265	930	1,335	4.6	3.5	5.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	6,650	3,695	2,950	13.4	14.0	12.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	5,025	3,110	1,915	10.1	11.7	8.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	49,575	26,470	23,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	830	395	435	1.7	1.5	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	48,740	26,075	22,670	98.3	98.5	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	675	475	205	1.4	1.8	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,235	1,665	4,575	12.6	6.3	19.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,355	1,865	495	4.8	7.0	2.1
3 Health occupations	4,185	580	3,610	8.4	2.2	15.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,920	1,455	4,465	11.9	5.5	19.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	735	315	415	1.5	1.2	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	12,625	5,095	7,535	25.5	19.2	32.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,365	9,760	600	20.9	36.9	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,725	2,350	375	5.5	8.9	1.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,910	2,515	395	5.9	9.5	1.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	49,575	26,470	23,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	830	395	435	1.7	1.5	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	48,740	26,075	22,670	98.3	98.5	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,690	2,935	750	7.4	11.1	3.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	515	490	25	1.0	1.9	0.1
22 Utilities	450	410	45	0.9	1.5	0.2
23 Construction	3,795	3,325	475	7.7	12.6	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	5,905	4,815	1,095	11.9	18.2	4.7
41 Wholesale trade	1,015	785	230	2.0	3.0	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	6,945	2,970	3,970	14.0	11.2	17.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,130	1,660	475	4.3	6.3	2.1
51 Information and cultural industries	210	100	105	0.4	0.4	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	1,050	285	770	2.1	1.1	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	405	240	165	0.8	0.9	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,760	910	845	3.6	3.4	3.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,325	850	475	2.7	3.2	2.1
61 Educational services	3,575	930	2,645	7.2	3.5	11.4
62 Health care and social assistance	7,565	1,270	6,295	15.3	4.8	27.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	590	315	275	1.2	1.2	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	2,750	1,090	1,660	5.5	4.1	7.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,700	1,430	1,275	5.4	5.4	5.5
91 Public administration	2,370	1,275	1,100	4.8	4.8	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	54,050	28,970	25,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	235	135	100	0.4	0.5	0.4
French	51,355	27,185	24,165	95.0	93.8	96.4
Non-official language	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	2,225	1,520	705	4.1	5.2	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	150	55	95	0.3	0.2	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	54,050	28,970	25,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	53,740	28,730	25,000	99.4	99.2	99.7
Official languages	53,670	28,695	24,975	99.3	99.1	99.6
English	430	260	170	0.8	0.9	0.7
French	53,240	28,435	24,810	98.5	98.2	98.9
Non-official languages	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	315	240	75	0.6	0.8	0.3
English and French	290	225	60	0.5	0.8	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	54,050	28,970	25,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	51,920	27,570	24,350	96.1	95.2	97.1
English	1,755	1,185	575	3.2	4.1	2.3
French	225	140	85	0.4	0.5	0.3
Non-official language	100	35	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	46,460	24,615	21,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,630	2,220	2,410	10.0	9.0	11.0
Worked outside Canada	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	5,875	4,650	1,230	12.6	18.9	5.6
Usual place of work	35,915	17,720	18,195	77.3	72.0	83.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	35,920	17,720	18,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20,525	9,525	11,000	57.1	53.8	60.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,250	4,565	4,685	25.8	25.8	25.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,070	3,575	2,495	16.9	20.2	13.7
Commute to a different province or territory	75	60	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	41,790	22,365	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	38,365	20,610	17,750	91.8	92.2	91.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	36,705	19,810	16,895	87.8	88.6	87.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,655	800	860	4.0	3.6	4.4
Public transit	105	75	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Walked	2,340	1,090	1,250	5.6	4.9	6.4
Bicycle	205	165	45	0.5	0.7	0.2
Other method	780	435	340	1.9	1.9	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	41,790	22,365	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	22,575	11,030	11,545	54.0	49.3	59.4
15 to 29 minutes	10,340	5,400	4,940	24.7	24.1	25.4
30 to 44 minutes	4,500	2,625	1,880	10.8	11.7	9.7
45 to 59 minutes	2,045	1,370	675	4.9	6.1	3.5
60 minutes and over	2,330	1,940	385	5.6	8.7	2.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	41,790	22,365	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,115	2,475	640	7.5	11.1	3.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,405	5,355	2,050	17.7	23.9	10.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,065	7,100	7,965	36.0	31.7	41.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,660	2,965	4,695	18.3	13.3	24.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,485	800	1,680	5.9	3.6	8.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,070	3,675	2,395	14.5	16.4	12.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	19,700	10,090	9,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	990	510	475	5.0	5.1	4.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	18,710	9,575	9,135	95.0	94.9	95.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	14,670	7,545	7,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	710	360	345	4.8	4.8	4.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	430	225	210	2.9	3.0	2.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	280	145	140	1.9	1.9	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	13,955	7,180	6,775	95.1	95.2	95.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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