Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	52,475	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	52,741	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.5	...	...	- 0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	25,764	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	23,497	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,767.51	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	52,475	26,270	26,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8,480	4,310	4,175	16.2	16.4	15.9
0 to 4 years	2,485	1,255	1,230	4.7	4.8	4.7
5 to 9 years	2,880	1,490	1,390	5.5	5.7	5.3
10 to 14 years	3,120	1,565	1,555	5.9	6.0	5.9
15 to 64 years	31,205	15,895	15,315	59.5	60.5	58.5
15 to 19 years	2,670	1,335	1,335	5.1	5.1	5.1
20 to 24 years	2,260	1,190	1,070	4.3	4.5	4.1
25 to 29 years	2,485	1,265	1,225	4.7	4.8	4.7
30 to 34 years	2,705	1,360	1,350	5.2	5.2	5.2
35 to 39 years	3,135	1,590	1,550	6.0	6.1	5.9
40 to 44 years	3,290	1,700	1,585	6.3	6.5	6.0
45 to 49 years	2,725	1,385	1,340	5.2	5.3	5.1
50 to 54 years	2,785	1,445	1,335	5.3	5.5	5.1
55 to 59 years	4,185	2,110	2,075	8.0	8.0	7.9
60 to 64 years	4,965	2,515	2,450	9.5	9.6	9.4
65 years and over	12,785	6,070	6,715	24.4	23.1	25.6
65 to 69 years	4,255	2,175	2,080	8.1	8.3	7.9
70 to 74 years	3,160	1,600	1,560	6.0	6.1	6.0
75 to 79 years	2,420	1,130	1,290	4.6	4.3	4.9
80 to 84 years	1,505	655	855	2.9	2.5	3.3
85 years and over	1,440	515	920	2.7	2.0	3.5
85 to 89 years	890	330	560	1.7	1.3	2.1
90 to 94 years	450	155	295	0.9	0.6	1.1
95 to 99 years	80	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	16.4	15.9	16.2	16.4	15.9
15 to 64 years	59.5	60.5	58.5	59.5	60.5	58.5
65 years and over	24.4	23.1	25.6	24.4	23.1	25.6
85 years and over	2.7	2.0	3.5	2.7	2.0	3.5
Average age of the population	45.0	44.3	45.6	45.0	44.3	45.6
Median age of the population	47.2	46.4	48.0	47.2	46.4	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	23,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	14,505	...	...	61.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,490	...	...	6.3	...	...
Row house	360	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,750	...	...	11.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,035	...	...	17.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	120	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	7,890	...	...	33.6	...	...
2 persons	9,195	...	...	39.1	...	...
3 persons	2,640	...	...	11.2	...	...
4 persons	2,445	...	...	10.4	...	...
5 or more persons	1,325	...	...	5.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	51,115	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	43,990	21,965	22,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	27,020	13,425	13,595	61.4	61.1	61.7
Married	14,710	7,320	7,395	33.4	33.3	33.6
Living common-law	12,305	6,110	6,200	28.0	27.8	28.1
Living common law - Never married	9,740	4,850	4,885	22.1	22.1	22.2
Living common law - Separated	125	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,100	1,050	1,045	4.8	4.8	4.7
Living common law - Widowed	340	145	200	0.8	0.7	0.9
Not married and not living common-law	16,970	8,535	8,435	38.6	38.9	38.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	11,200	6,345	4,860	25.5	28.9	22.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	535	255	285	1.2	1.2	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,825	1,340	1,490	6.4	6.1	6.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,405	600	1,805	5.5	2.7	8.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	15,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	9,140	...	...	60.0	...	...
3 persons	2,520	...	...	16.6	...	...
4 persons	2,380	...	...	15.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,190	...	...	7.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	15,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	13,290	...	...	87.3	...	...
Married couples	7,140	...	...	46.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,015	...	...	13.2	...	...
Without children	5,120	...	...	33.6	...	...
Common-law couples	6,155	...	...	40.4	...	...
With children⁶	3,285	...	...	21.6	...	...
Without children	2,865	...	...	18.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,940	...	...	12.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,330	...	...	8.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	605	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	51,115	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	41,640	20,780	20,855	81.5	80.5	82.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	26,580	13,230	13,350	52.0	51.2	52.8
Parents in one-parent families	1,935	610	1,330	3.8	2.4	5.3
Children⁶	13,125	6,945	6,175	25.7	26.9	24.4
In a two-parent family	10,155	5,360	4,795	19.9	20.8	19.0
In a one-parent family	2,965	1,580	1,380	5.8	6.1	5.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,475	5,035	4,435	18.5	19.5	17.5
Living alone	7,890	4,165	3,725	15.4	16.1	14.7
Living with other relatives⁷	825	400	430	1.6	1.5	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	760	475	285	1.5	1.8	1.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	23,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	14,670	...	...	62.4	...	...
Couple-family households	12,895	...	...	54.9	...	...
With children⁶	5,145	...	...	21.9	...	...
Without children	7,750	...	...	33.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,770	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	135	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	305	...	...	1.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	465	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	7,890	...	...	33.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	42,640	21,515	21,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,915	21,205	20,710	98.3	98.6	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,200	33,200	40,000	47,200	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,925	21,215	20,710	98.3	98.6	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	30,200	35,600	40,800	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,165	19,520	17,645	87.2	90.7	83.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	39,200	24,600	32,000	39,200	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,795	15,705	13,090	67.5	73.0	62.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,800	28,400	34,400	40,800	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35,680	17,290	18,390	83.7	80.4	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	12,000	12,700	12,400	12,000	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,535	4,450	3,085	17.7	20.7	14.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	6,200	5,400	5,800	6,200	5,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,855	5,705	5,150	25.5	26.5	24.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	42,635	21,540	21,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,920	21,225	20,700	98.3	98.5	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,880	54,650	38,920	46,880	54,650	38,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,930	21,230	20,700	98.3	98.6	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,280	44,800	33,600	39,280	44,800	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,055	19,540	17,515	86.9	90.7	83.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,600	48,360	31,920	40,600	48,360	31,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,790	15,855	12,935	67.5	73.6	61.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,160	47,880	35,120	42,160	47,880	35,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35,860	17,340	18,520	84.1	80.5	87.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,880	12,400	13,340	12,880	12,400	13,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,485	4,525	2,960	17.6	21.0	14.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,220	7,270	7,150	7,220	7,270	7,150
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,965	5,840	5,125	25.7	27.1	24.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,880	6,395	7,430	6,880	6,395	7,430
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	42,640	21,540	21,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,495	7,595	5,905	31.6	35.3	28.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	60,400	46,000	53,600	60,400	46,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,500	68,400	52,700	61,500	68,400	52,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,770	6,030	5,745	27.6	28.0	27.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	26,800	15,200	19,800	26,800	15,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,720	35,160	21,980	28,720	35,160	21,980
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.4	81.4	69.4	76.4	81.4	69.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.8	65.4	56.4	61.8	65.4	56.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.5	18.5	30.7	23.5	18.5	30.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	2.8	2.6	2.8	2.8	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	3.8	6.0	4.7	3.8	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.2	4.7	3.8	3.2	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	42,635	21,515	21,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	720	310	415	1.7	1.4	2.0
With total income	41,910	21,205	20,710	98.3	98.6	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,735	920	1,820	6.5	4.3	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	5,585	2,005	3,580	13.3	9.5	17.3
$20,000 to $29,999	6,945	3,020	3,925	16.6	14.2	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	5,705	2,585	3,120	13.6	12.2	15.1
$40,000 to $49,999	5,645	2,920	2,720	13.5	13.8	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	4,580	2,605	1,980	10.9	12.3	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	3,015	1,945	1,070	7.2	9.2	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	2,075	1,335	740	5.0	6.3	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,670	955	720	4.0	4.5	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	995	640	355	2.4	3.0	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,965	2,280	680	7.1	10.8	3.3
$100,000 to $149,999	2,395	1,865	530	5.7	8.8	2.6
$150,000 and over	565	415	150	1.3	2.0	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	42,635	21,515	21,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	710	300	410	1.7	1.4	1.9
With after-tax income	41,925	21,210	20,715	98.3	98.6	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,000	985	2,020	7.2	4.6	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	5,860	2,140	3,720	14.0	10.1	18.0
$20,000 to $29,999	8,060	3,525	4,535	19.2	16.6	21.9
$30,000 to $39,999	7,350	3,625	3,725	17.5	17.1	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	6,530	3,725	2,805	15.6	17.6	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	4,120	2,595	1,530	9.8	12.2	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,745	1,605	1,140	6.5	7.6	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,630	1,030	605	3.9	4.9	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,100	820	285	2.6	3.9	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	665	525	140	1.6	2.5	0.7
$100,000 and over	860	640	220	2.1	3.0	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	530	410	120	1.3	1.9	0.6
$125,000 and over	330	230	100	0.8	1.1	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	42,635	21,515	21,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	13,845	5,810	8,030	32.5	27.0	38.0
With employment income	28,795	15,705	13,090	67.5	73.0	62.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,715	2,120	1,595	12.9	13.5	12.2
$5,000 to $9,999	2,240	925	1,320	7.8	5.9	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,780	1,610	2,170	13.1	10.3	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,180	1,460	1,725	11.0	9.3	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	3,275	1,610	1,670	11.4	10.3	12.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,980	1,570	1,405	10.3	10.0	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,335	1,435	895	8.1	9.1	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,760	1,130	630	6.1	7.2	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,280	835	450	4.4	5.3	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,270	700	565	4.4	4.5	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	680	470	210	2.4	3.0	1.6
$100,000 and over	2,290	1,835	455	8.0	11.7	3.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,370	1,110	260	4.8	7.1	2.0
$125,000 and over	920	725	195	3.2	4.6	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	42,640	21,515	21,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,390	20,955	20,435	97.1	97.4	96.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	46,400	30,000	37,600	46,400	30,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,445	20,960	20,480	97.2	97.4	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	40,000	27,400	33,600	40,000	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	36,655	19,305	17,355	86.0	89.7	82.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,200	25,600	33,200	41,200	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,155	15,850	13,300	68.4	73.7	63.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,400	28,200	34,800	42,400	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,925	15,840	17,090	77.2	73.6	80.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,000	10,200	9,600	9,000	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,635	4,585	3,050	17.9	21.3	14.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	5,200	4,680	5,000	5,200	4,680
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	42,635	21,540	21,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,420	20,985	20,435	97.2	97.4	96.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,000	53,500	36,280	45,000	53,500	36,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,470	20,985	20,485	97.3	97.4	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,560	43,600	31,320	37,560	43,600	31,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	36,555	19,325	17,230	85.7	89.7	81.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,480	49,960	31,960	41,480	49,960	31,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,015	15,945	13,070	68.1	74.0	61.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,480	49,080	34,440	42,480	49,080	34,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,990	15,825	17,165	77.4	73.5	81.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,540	9,920	11,100	10,540	9,920	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,510	4,535	2,975	17.6	21.1	14.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,530	6,160	7,100	6,530	6,160	7,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	42,640	21,540	21,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,425	7,555	5,870	31.5	35.1	27.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	60,400	43,200	52,000	60,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,400	67,200	49,320	59,400	67,200	49,320
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,215	5,830	5,380	26.3	27.1	25.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	31,200	18,000	23,400	31,200	18,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,200	39,480	24,280	32,200	39,480	24,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.4	86.0	74.2	81.4	86.0	74.2
Employment income (%)	66.2	69.8	60.7	66.2	69.8	60.7
Government transfers (%)	18.6	14.0	25.7	18.6	14.0	25.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.6	2.5	2.9	2.6	2.5	2.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	23,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	7,890	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,605	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	23,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	83,700	...	...	83,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,100	...	...	70,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,885	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...	43,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,840	...	...	36,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,900	...	...	103,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,900	...	...	86,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	315	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	525	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,545	...	...	6.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	850	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	955	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,330	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,125	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,105	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,020	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,830	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,620	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,550	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,255	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,240	...	...	30.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,625	...	...	11.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,740	...	...	7.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,900	...	...	8.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	975	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	125	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	325	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	555	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,650	...	...	7.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,080	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,230	...	...	5.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,555	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,360	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,215	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,295	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,175	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,840	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,645	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,390	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,930	...	...	21.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,370	...	...	10.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,340	...	...	5.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,220	...	...	5.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	15,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,775	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,320	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,900	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	8,650	4,640	4,010	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	40,400	31,000	35,600	40,400	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	35,600	28,600	32,000	35,600	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	15,290	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,300	...	...	104,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...	87,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,715	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,500	...	...	87,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	73,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...	115,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	8,650	4,635	4,015	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,840	48,560	36,240	42,840	48,560	36,240
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,320	40,080	31,960	36,320	40,080	31,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	51,115	25,820	25,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,140	5,145	4,995	19.8	19.9	19.8
0 to 5 years	3,035	1,545	1,495	5.9	6.0	5.9
18 to 64 years	29,310	14,900	14,415	57.3	57.7	57.0
65 years and over	11,660	5,780	5,880	22.8	22.4	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,990	2,745	3,250	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	785	395	390	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	245	130	125	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,550	1,250	1,295	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,660	1,095	1,565	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.7	10.6	12.8	11.7	10.6	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	7.7	7.8	7.7	7.7	7.8
0 to 5 years (%)	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	8.4	9.0	8.7	8.4	9.0
65 years and over (%)	22.8	19.0	26.6	22.8	19.0	26.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	51,115	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,140	5,145	4,995	19.8	19.9	19.7
0 to 5 years	3,035	1,540	1,495	5.9	6.0	5.9
18 to 64 years	29,315	14,900	14,415	57.4	57.7	57.0
65 years and over	11,660	5,775	5,885	22.8	22.4	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,100	580	520	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	125	55	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	845	470	375	...	...	...
65 years and over	125	50	75	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.2	2.6	2.9	3.2	2.6
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.9	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	51,115	25,820	25,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	29,965	14,765	15,200	58.6	57.2	60.1
In bottom decile	4,595	2,075	2,520	9.0	8.0	10.0
In second decile	6,005	2,935	3,070	11.7	11.4	12.1
In third decile	6,160	3,040	3,120	12.1	11.8	12.3
In fourth decile	6,815	3,445	3,375	13.3	13.3	13.3
In fifth decile	6,390	3,275	3,115	12.5	12.7	12.3
In top half of the distribution	21,145	11,055	10,090	41.4	42.8	39.9
In sixth decile	5,660	2,980	2,675	11.1	11.5	10.6
In seventh decile	5,545	2,855	2,690	10.8	11.1	10.6
In eighth decile	4,570	2,335	2,230	8.9	9.0	8.8
In ninth decile	3,460	1,850	1,605	6.8	7.2	6.3
In top decile	1,915	1,035	885	3.7	4.0	3.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	51,115	...	...	51,115	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.282	...	...	0.282	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.416	...	...	0.416	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.243	...	...	0.243	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	52,005	26,070	25,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	42,965	20,805	22,160	82.6	79.8	85.4
English and French	8,960	5,220	3,740	17.2	20.0	14.4
Neither English nor French	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	52,005	26,070	25,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	210	105	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	51,720	25,925	25,795	99.5	99.4	99.4
English and French	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	52,005	26,070	25,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	51,820	25,970	25,850	99.6	99.6	99.7
Official languages	51,535	25,810	25,725	99.1	99.0	99.2
English	215	110	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	51,315	25,695	25,615	98.7	98.6	98.7
Non-official languages	285	165	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	130	95	0.4	0.5	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	150	85	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	75	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	105	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	180	95	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and French	130	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	52,005	26,070	25,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French	51,010	25,505	25,505	98.1	97.8	98.3
Non-official language	85	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	580	335	245	1.1	1.3	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	175	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	52,005	26,070	25,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	51,880	26,015	25,865	99.8	99.8	99.7
Official languages	51,730	25,925	25,805	99.5	99.4	99.5
English	125	70	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
French	51,605	25,855	25,750	99.2	99.2	99.3
Non-official languages	150	90	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	100	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	125	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	52,005	26,070	25,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	51,290	25,650	25,645	98.6	98.4	98.9
English	475	290	190	0.9	1.1	0.7
French	95	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	95	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	51,110	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	51,100	25,815	25,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,955	5,200	3,755	17.5	20.1	14.8
French	51,050	25,780	25,270	99.9	99.8	99.9
Non-official languages	1,090	525	575	2.1	2.0	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,035	495	535	2.0	1.9	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	825	405	425	1.6	1.6	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	780	380	400	1.5	1.5	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	735	355	380	1.4	1.4	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	51,110	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,805	965	845	3.5	3.7	3.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,695	895	800	3.3	3.5	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	760	375	385	1.5	1.5	1.5
Métis	915	500	415	1.8	1.9	1.6
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	49,305	24,860	24,450	96.5	96.3	96.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	51,110	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	565	310	255	1.1	1.2	1.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	50,545	25,515	25,035	98.9	98.8	99.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	16,960	...	...	72.2	...	...
Renter	6,535	...	...	27.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,575	...	...	6.7	...	...
Not condominium	21,925	...	...	93.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	2,000	...	...	8.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,830	...	...	29.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,190	...	...	34.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,430	...	...	27.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,910	...	...	25.1	...	...
5 rooms	4,020	...	...	17.1	...	...
6 rooms	3,135	...	...	13.3	...	...
7 rooms	2,905	...	...	12.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,535	...	...	32.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	23,465	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	23,270	...	...	99.0	...	...
Not suitable	225	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,070	...	...	25.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,555	...	...	32.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,065	...	...	13.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,485	...	...	10.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	920	...	...	3.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,110	...	...	4.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,450	...	...	6.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	840	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	22,250	...	...	94.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,245	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	13,620	...	...	58.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,650	...	...	41.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	220	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	23,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	605	...	...	2.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,810	...	...	12.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,735	...	...	15.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,260	...	...	13.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,525	...	...	23.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,515	...	...	19.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,450	...	...	10.4	...	...
85 years and over	595	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	23,285	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,990	...	...	90.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,295	...	...	9.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,185	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	23,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,595	...	...	15.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,130	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not suitable only	200	...	...	0.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,080	...	...	4.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	155	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	19,900	...	...	84.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	23,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	690	...	...	3.0	...	...
Not in core need	22,485	...	...	97.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,795	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.3	...	...	62.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	949	...	...	949	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	194,000	...	...	194,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	214,600	...	...	214,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,510	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.4	...	...	9.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.8	...	...	16.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.4	...	...	7.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	560	...	...	560	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	593	...	...	593	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	51,115	25,820	25,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,700	860	845	3.3	3.3	3.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,640	825	815	3.2	3.2	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,345	655	685	2.6	2.5	2.7
Métis single ancestry	300	170	130	0.6	0.7	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,365	660	705	2.7	2.6	2.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,360	660	700	2.7	2.6	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,195	575	625	2.3	2.2	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	160	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	48,040	24,300	23,740	94.0	94.1	93.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	51,115	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	50,790	25,635	25,150	99.4	99.3	99.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,055	5,050	5,005	19.7	19.6	19.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	40,735	20,585	20,150	79.7	79.7	79.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	325	185	140	0.6	0.7	0.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	51,115	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	50,555	25,495	25,055	98.9	98.7	99.1
Immigrants⁸¹	390	200	190	0.8	0.8	0.8
Before 1980	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
1980 to 1990	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
1991 to 2000	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	115	75	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	160	55	100	0.3	0.2	0.4
2011 to 2015	90	30	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
2016 to 2021	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	170	120	45	0.3	0.5	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	395	205	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	75	45	30	19.0	22.0	16.2
5 to 14 years	45	10	30	11.4	4.9	16.2
15 to 24 years	75	55	20	19.0	26.8	10.8
25 to 44 years	200	90	110	50.6	43.9	59.5
45 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	395	205	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	35	55	22.8	17.1	29.7
Brazil	10	0	0	2.5	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	10	3.8	0.0	5.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	10	20	7.6	4.9	10.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	10	15	6.3	4.9	8.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	135	85	50	34.2	41.5	27.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	60	45	15	15.2	22.0	8.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	10	10	5.1	4.9	5.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	35	15	12.7	17.1	8.1
Africa	100	50	50	25.3	24.4	27.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	25	45	19.0	12.2	24.3
Asia	75	30	40	19.0	14.6	21.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	0	3.8	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	7.6	4.9	10.8
Viet Nam	20	10	15	5.1	4.9	8.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	70	30	35	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	10	14.3	0.0	28.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	10	28.6	33.3	28.6
France	15	10	0	21.4	33.3	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	10	10	28.6	33.3	28.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	15	0	10	21.4	0.0	28.6
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	10	21.4	0.0	28.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	14.3	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	14.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	51,110	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	700	375	325	1.4	1.5	1.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	555	305	250	1.1	1.2	1.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	49,860	25,140	24,720	97.6	97.4	97.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	320	165	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	130	65	65	40.6	39.4	43.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	45	30	23.4	27.3	20.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50	15	35	15.6	9.1	23.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	165	90	80	51.6	54.5	53.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	6.3	6.1	6.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	320	165	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	3.1	6.1	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	40	10	15.6	24.2	6.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	3.1	0.0	6.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	15	4.7	6.1	10.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	225	110	120	70.3	66.7	80.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	51,110	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	575	270	305	1.1	1.0	1.2
South Asian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	90	20	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	225	105	125	0.4	0.4	0.5
Filipino	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	85	55	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Southeast Asian	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	50,545	25,550	24,990	98.9	99.0	98.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	51,115	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	22,020	11,110	10,915	43.1	43.0	43.2
English	250	135	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Irish	845	390	460	1.7	1.5	1.8
Scottish	415	190	220	0.8	0.7	0.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	9,520	4,960	4,560	18.6	19.2	18.0
German	170	70	105	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese	80	20	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italian	175	90	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indian (India)	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Polish	45	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Québécois	8,200	4,040	4,160	16.0	15.6	16.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	6,405	3,150	3,245	12.5	12.2	12.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,595	880	715	3.1	3.4	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,140	520	625	2.2	2.0	2.5
Métis	525	280	245	1.0	1.1	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	680	355	325	1.3	1.4	1.3
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
American	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Spanish	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	320	155	165	0.6	0.6	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	80	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	750	380	365	1.5	1.5	1.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	380	195	185	0.7	0.8	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	125	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian	80	25	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	70	55	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	85	70	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Finnish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	115	75	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	130	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	570	275	295	1.1	1.1	1.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	51,110	25,820	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	41,435	20,605	20,830	81.1	79.8	82.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,940	1,470	1,470	5.8	5.7	5.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	70	20	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Catholic	38,040	18,945	19,100	74.4	73.4	75.5
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	185	75	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	130	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	65	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	9,450	5,090	4,360	18.5	19.7	17.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	50,545	25,520	25,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	46,260	23,415	22,840	91.5	91.8	91.3
Movers	4,290	2,105	2,180	8.5	8.2	8.7
Non-migrants	2,430	1,185	1,250	4.8	4.6	5.0
Migrants	1,855	920	935	3.7	3.6	3.7
Internal migrants	1,820	900	920	3.6	3.5	3.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,810	895	915	3.6	3.5	3.7
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	48,635	24,550	24,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	34,310	17,455	16,855	70.5	71.1	70.0
Movers	14,325	7,100	7,225	29.5	28.9	30.0
Non-migrants	6,440	3,120	3,320	13.2	12.7	13.8
Migrants	7,885	3,980	3,905	16.2	16.2	16.2
Internal migrants	7,640	3,825	3,815	15.7	15.6	15.8
Intraprovincial migrants	7,525	3,765	3,760	15.5	15.3	15.6
Interprovincial migrants	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
External migrants	245	155	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,640	21,540	21,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10,320	5,540	4,780	24.2	25.7	22.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	32,320	16,000	16,320	75.8	74.3	77.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,055	13,220	12,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,935	2,900	2,035	18.9	21.9	15.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,120	10,325	10,795	81.1	78.1	84.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,635	21,540	21,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,685	4,395	4,285	20.4	20.4	20.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,550	4,060	4,495	20.1	18.8	21.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,400	13,080	12,320	59.6	60.7	58.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20,035	10,855	9,180	47.0	50.4	43.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,745	6,735	4,010	25.2	31.3	19.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	7,885	4,480	3,405	18.5	20.8	16.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,865	2,260	605	6.7	10.5	2.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,990	3,690	4,305	18.7	17.1	20.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,300	430	870	3.0	2.0	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,370	2,230	3,135	12.6	10.4	14.9
Bachelor's degree	3,970	1,590	2,380	9.3	7.4	11.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	185	235	1.0	0.9	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	65	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	740	340	400	1.7	1.6	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	50	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,055	13,225	12,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,745	2,095	1,650	14.4	15.8	12.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,760	1,785	1,980	14.4	13.5	15.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,545	9,345	9,200	71.2	70.7	71.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	14,590	7,905	6,685	56.0	59.8	52.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,240	5,050	3,190	31.6	38.2	24.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,115	3,355	2,760	23.5	25.4	21.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,130	1,700	435	8.2	12.9	3.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,675	2,670	3,010	21.8	20.2	23.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	675	185	490	2.6	1.4	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,955	1,440	2,520	15.2	10.9	19.6
Bachelor's degree	2,880	1,035	1,850	11.1	7.8	14.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	295	100	195	1.1	0.8	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	55	95	0.6	0.4	0.7
Master's degree	565	215	350	2.2	1.6	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	42,635	21,535	21,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	17,235	8,455	8,780	40.4	39.3	41.6
Education	2,195	475	1,720	5.1	2.2	8.2
13. Education	2,195	475	1,720	5.1	2.2	8.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	220	280	1.2	1.0	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	30	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	430	190	245	1.0	0.9	1.2
Humanities	850	395	455	2.0	1.8	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	525	240	290	1.2	1.1	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	65	55	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	100	30	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,360	360	1,000	3.2	1.7	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	85	95	0.4	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	570	20	550	1.3	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	130	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	60	0	55	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	185	45	140	0.4	0.2	0.7
45. Social sciences	220	135	80	0.5	0.6	0.4
Business, management and public administration	5,005	1,450	3,555	11.7	6.7	16.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	440	70	370	1.0	0.3	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,565	1,385	3,185	10.7	6.4	15.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	465	270	195	1.1	1.3	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	115	65	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
40. Physical sciences	110	85	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	560	370	185	1.3	1.7	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	470	355	110	1.1	1.6	0.5
25. Library science	70	0	70	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,955	6,535	420	16.3	30.3	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	120	75	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	365	310	50	0.9	1.4	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,600	1,395	205	3.8	6.5	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,685	1,645	40	4.0	7.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,765	1,720	45	4.1	8.0	0.2
48. Precision production	1,420	1,385	40	3.3	6.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,330	940	385	3.1	4.4	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	705	415	285	1.7	1.9	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	625	530	100	1.5	2.5	0.5
Health and related fields	3,500	530	2,965	8.2	2.5	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	135	80	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,300	420	2,875	7.7	2.0	13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,685	1,525	1,155	6.3	7.1	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,300	265	1,030	3.0	1.2	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	400	340	65	0.9	1.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	975	915	60	2.3	4.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,050	13,225	12,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,510	3,880	3,630	28.8	29.3	28.3
Education	1,260	200	1,065	4.8	1.5	8.3
13. Education	1,260	200	1,065	4.8	1.5	8.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360	145	215	1.4	1.1	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	315	125	195	1.2	0.9	1.5
Humanities	425	210	215	1.6	1.6	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	250	135	115	1.0	1.0	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
54. History	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,025	235	785	3.9	1.8	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	75	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	470	10	455	1.8	0.1	3.5
22. Legal professions and studies	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	140	35	105	0.5	0.3	0.8
45. Social sciences	140	75	65	0.5	0.6	0.5
Business, management and public administration	3,755	910	2,845	14.4	6.9	22.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	340	45	295	1.3	0.3	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,415	875	2,550	13.1	6.6	19.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	150	120	1.0	1.1	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	60	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	85	65	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	460	310	145	1.8	2.3	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	395	305	95	1.5	2.3	0.7
25. Library science	50	0	50	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,195	4,845	345	19.9	36.6	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	100	65	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	285	250	40	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,190	1,025	165	4.6	7.8	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,225	1,185	35	4.7	9.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,290	1,250	40	5.0	9.5	0.3
48. Precision production	1,105	1,075	25	4.2	8.1	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,105	785	320	4.2	5.9	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	570	330	240	2.2	2.5	1.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	535	455	75	2.1	3.4	0.6
Health and related fields	2,555	350	2,215	9.8	2.6	17.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,420	265	2,150	9.3	2.0	16.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,125	1,195	930	8.2	9.0	7.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,005	165	840	3.9	1.2	6.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	330	280	50	1.3	2.1	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	790	755	35	3.0	5.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	26,050	13,225	12,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,510	3,880	3,630	28.8	29.3	28.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	18,545	9,345	9,200	71.2	70.7	71.7
Location of study inside Canada	18,365	9,245	9,125	70.5	69.9	71.1
Same as province or territory of residence	18,280	9,220	9,060	70.2	69.7	70.6
Different than province or territory of residence	90	25	65	0.3	0.2	0.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	180	100	80	0.7	0.8	0.6
Americas	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
United States of America	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mexico	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Europe	95	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Belgium	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
France	65	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	42,635	21,540	21,100	...	...	...
In the labour force	25,475	13,675	11,805	...	...	...
Employed	24,075	12,830	11,250	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,395	845	550	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	17,165	7,870	9,300	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.8	63.5	55.9	59.8	63.5	55.9
Employment rate	56.5	59.6	53.3	56.5	59.6	53.3
Unemployment rate	5.5	6.2	4.7	5.5	6.2	4.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	42,635	21,535	21,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	16,670	7,500	9,170	39.1	34.8	43.5
Worked	25,970	14,040	11,930	60.9	65.2	56.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,740	7,730	6,010	32.2	35.9	28.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	12,230	6,310	5,920	28.7	29.3	28.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.0	41.3	41.7	42.0	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	25,470	13,675	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	425	210	215	1.7	1.5	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	25,050	13,465	11,585	98.4	98.5	98.2
Employee	22,720	12,050	10,665	89.2	88.1	90.4
Permanent position	18,475	9,920	8,555	72.5	72.5	72.5
Temporary position	4,240	2,135	2,105	16.6	15.6	17.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,195	465	720	4.7	3.4	6.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,050	1,665	1,380	12.0	12.2	11.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,330	1,410	925	9.1	10.3	7.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	25,470	13,675	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	425	210	215	1.7	1.5	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	25,050	13,465	11,585	98.4	98.5	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	355	265	95	1.4	1.9	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,285	1,005	2,280	12.9	7.3	19.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,390	1,080	310	5.5	7.9	2.6
3 Health occupations	2,175	320	1,850	8.5	2.3	15.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,995	735	2,260	11.8	5.4	19.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	400	185	215	1.6	1.4	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	6,495	2,565	3,935	25.5	18.8	33.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,375	5,105	265	21.1	37.3	2.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,075	915	165	4.2	6.7	1.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,500	1,290	210	5.9	9.4	1.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	25,470	13,675	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	425	210	215	1.7	1.5	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	25,050	13,465	11,585	98.4	98.5	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,275	1,020	250	5.0	7.5	2.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	285	270	20	1.1	2.0	0.2
22 Utilities	330	290	40	1.3	2.1	0.3
23 Construction	2,190	1,915	275	8.6	14.0	2.3
31-33 Manufacturing	3,305	2,670	635	13.0	19.5	5.4
41 Wholesale trade	540	425	115	2.1	3.1	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	3,615	1,515	2,095	14.2	11.1	17.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	930	790	145	3.7	5.8	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	130	70	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	500	140	360	2.0	1.0	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	150	90	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,050	595	455	4.1	4.4	3.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	795	525	275	3.1	3.8	2.3
61 Educational services	1,845	480	1,365	7.2	3.5	11.6
62 Health care and social assistance	4,020	685	3,335	15.8	5.0	28.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	280	155	120	1.1	1.1	1.0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,380	555	825	5.4	4.1	7.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,255	660	595	4.9	4.8	5.0
91 Public administration	1,175	615	565	4.6	4.5	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	27,520	14,835	12,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	85	60	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
French	26,135	13,910	12,225	95.0	93.8	96.3
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,185	785	400	4.3	5.3	3.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	80	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	27,520	14,835	12,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,365	14,720	12,645	99.4	99.2	99.6
Official languages	27,340	14,700	12,635	99.3	99.1	99.6
English	175	110	70	0.6	0.7	0.6
French	27,155	14,590	12,565	98.7	98.3	99.0
Non-official languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	150	115	40	0.5	0.8	0.3
English and French	145	110	35	0.5	0.7	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	27,520	14,835	12,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	26,380	14,085	12,295	95.9	94.9	96.9
English	945	625	320	3.4	4.2	2.5
French	110	65	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	24,080	12,825	11,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,520	1,220	1,300	10.5	9.5	11.6
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,125	2,455	675	13.0	19.1	6.0
Usual place of work	18,410	9,140	9,275	76.5	71.3	82.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	18,410	9,135	9,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,825	4,575	5,250	53.4	50.1	56.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,900	2,490	2,410	26.6	27.3	26.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,640	2,035	1,600	19.8	22.3	17.3
Commute to a different province or territory	50	40	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	21,540	11,595	9,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	19,900	10,770	9,125	92.4	92.9	91.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	19,060	10,405	8,645	88.5	89.7	86.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	840	360	480	3.9	3.1	4.8
Public transit	50	45	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Walked	1,110	485	615	5.2	4.2	6.2
Bicycle	95	70	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Other method	385	220	170	1.8	1.9	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	21,540	11,595	9,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	10,900	5,470	5,435	50.6	47.2	54.6
15 to 29 minutes	5,495	2,840	2,655	25.5	24.5	26.7
30 to 44 minutes	2,735	1,615	1,125	12.7	13.9	11.3
45 to 59 minutes	1,365	905	460	6.3	7.8	4.6
60 minutes and over	1,035	760	275	4.8	6.6	2.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	21,540	11,595	9,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,650	1,355	295	7.7	11.7	3.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,325	3,165	1,155	20.1	27.3	11.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,550	3,560	3,995	35.1	30.7	40.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,735	1,410	2,320	17.3	12.2	23.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,275	410	865	5.9	3.5	8.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,005	1,690	1,320	14.0	14.6	13.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	10,330	5,245	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	435	220	215	4.2	4.2	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,900	5,025	4,875	95.8	95.8	95.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	7,650	3,900	3,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	320	160	160	4.2	4.1	4.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	185	90	95	2.4	2.3	2.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	65	65	1.7	1.7	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,330	3,740	3,590	95.8	95.9	95.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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