Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	LabradorMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	26,655	13,505	13,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,110	2,555	2,555	19.2	18.9	19.4
0 to 4 years	1,500	750	745	5.6	5.6	5.7
5 to 9 years	1,790	870	920	6.7	6.4	7.0
10 to 14 years	1,825	940	890	6.8	7.0	6.8
15 to 64 years	18,100	9,255	8,845	67.9	68.5	67.2
15 to 19 years	1,600	840	760	6.0	6.2	5.8
20 to 24 years	1,610	870	745	6.0	6.4	5.7
25 to 29 years	1,660	860	805	6.2	6.4	6.1
30 to 34 years	1,935	970	965	7.3	7.2	7.3
35 to 39 years	1,910	940	970	7.2	7.0	7.4
40 to 44 years	1,875	960	920	7.0	7.1	7.0
45 to 49 years	2,020	1,005	1,015	7.6	7.4	7.7
50 to 54 years	2,130	1,080	1,055	8.0	8.0	8.0
55 to 59 years	1,825	955	870	6.8	7.1	6.6
60 to 64 years	1,525	780	745	5.7	5.8	5.7
65 years and over	3,440	1,685	1,755	12.9	12.5	13.3
65 to 69 years	1,305	650	655	4.9	4.8	5.0
70 to 74 years	1,005	495	515	3.8	3.7	3.9
75 to 79 years	615	305	310	2.3	2.3	2.4
80 to 84 years	310	145	170	1.2	1.1	1.3
85 years and over	205	95	105	0.8	0.7	0.8
85 to 89 years	145	75	70	0.5	0.6	0.5
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.2	18.9	19.4	19.2	18.9	19.4
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.5	67.2	67.9	68.5	67.2
65 years and over	12.9	12.5	13.3	12.9	12.5	13.3
85 years and over	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8
Average age of the population	38.4	38.3	38.6	38.4	38.3	38.6
Median age of the population	38.8	38.4	39.2	38.8	38.4	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,985	...	...	67.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,190	...	...	11.6	...	...
Row house	945	...	...	9.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	550	...	...	5.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	95	...	...	0.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	340	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,315	...	...	22.5	...	...
2 persons	3,715	...	...	36.1	...	...
3 persons	1,940	...	...	18.8	...	...
4 persons	1,540	...	...	15.0	...	...
5 or more persons	790	...	...	7.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	21,545	10,945	10,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	13,360	6,675	6,690	62.0	61.0	63.1
Married	9,590	4,800	4,785	44.5	43.9	45.1
Living common-law	3,770	1,870	1,905	17.5	17.1	18.0
Living common law - Never married	3,060	1,485	1,575	14.2	13.6	14.9
Living common law - Separated	115	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	525	295	230	2.4	2.7	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	8,180	4,275	3,910	38.0	39.1	36.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,115	3,485	2,630	28.4	31.8	24.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	405	200	205	1.9	1.8	1.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	760	370	385	3.5	3.4	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	905	215	690	4.2	2.0	6.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,035	...	...	50.9	...	...
3 persons	1,905	...	...	24.0	...	...
4 persons	1,450	...	...	18.3	...	...
5 or more persons	545	...	...	6.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,555	...	...	82.7	...	...
Married couples	4,670	...	...	58.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,325	...	...	29.3	...	...
Without children	2,350	...	...	29.6	...	...
Common-law couples	1,885	...	...	23.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,015	...	...	12.8	...	...
Without children	870	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,380	...	...	17.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	970	...	...	12.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	410	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	22,500	11,180	11,325	85.9	84.8	87.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	13,110	6,530	6,580	50.0	49.5	50.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,380	405	970	5.3	3.1	7.5
Children⁶	8,015	4,240	3,775	30.6	32.2	29.0
In a two-parent family	5,855	3,105	2,750	22.3	23.6	21.1
In a one-parent family	2,155	1,135	1,025	8.2	8.6	7.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,700	2,005	1,700	14.1	15.2	13.1
Living alone	2,315	1,260	1,055	8.8	9.6	8.1
Living with other relatives⁷	785	400	390	3.0	3.0	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	595	340	255	2.3	2.6	2.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,965	...	...	67.6	...	...
Couple-family households	5,945	...	...	57.7	...	...
With children⁶	3,010	...	...	29.2	...	...
Without children	2,935	...	...	28.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,015	...	...	9.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	300	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	370	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	295	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	2,315	...	...	22.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,210	10,215	10,000	95.8	96.1	95.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	64,000	40,400	49,200	64,000	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,220	10,215	10,000	95.9	96.1	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,400	36,400	43,600	54,400	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,135	9,455	8,680	86.0	88.9	82.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	62,400	34,000	45,600	62,400	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,410	8,745	7,670	77.8	82.3	73.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	65,500	37,200	48,400	65,500	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,455	6,335	8,125	68.5	59.6	77.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	13,500	10,700	12,000	13,500	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,350	2,245	2,105	20.6	21.1	20.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	10,900	8,300	9,600	10,900	8,300
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,940	2,245	2,700	23.4	21.1	25.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,220	10,225	9,995	95.8	96.2	95.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,000	78,000	49,720	64,000	78,000	49,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,225	10,225	9,995	95.9	96.2	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	61,650	42,120	52,000	61,650	42,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,155	9,470	8,685	86.0	89.1	83.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,150	75,300	45,800	61,150	75,300	45,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,410	8,775	7,635	77.8	82.5	72.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,050	75,200	46,960	62,050	75,200	46,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,505	6,350	8,160	68.7	59.7	77.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,630	13,240	12,160	12,630	13,240	12,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,335	2,245	2,090	20.5	21.1	20.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,740	11,430	10,000	10,740	11,430	10,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,755	2,130	2,630	22.5	20.0	25.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,770	8,800	8,730	8,770	8,800	8,730
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,180	4,495	3,690	38.8	42.3	35.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	104,000	62,400	82,000	104,000	62,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	90,300	107,800	69,000	90,300	107,800	69,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,395	3,215	3,180	30.3	30.2	30.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	28,400	18,600	22,600	28,400	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,760	47,440	27,960	37,760	47,440	27,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.8	89.4	80.0	85.8	89.4	80.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.8	82.8	72.2	78.8	82.8	72.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.2	10.5	20.0	14.2	10.5	20.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.6	3.2	4.2	3.6	3.2	4.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.7	2.6	5.4	3.7	2.6	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	2.4	4.6	3.2	2.4	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	885	415	470	4.2	3.9	4.5
With total income	20,210	10,215	10,000	95.8	96.1	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,550	560	980	7.7	5.5	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,860	705	1,155	9.2	6.9	11.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,440	940	1,500	12.1	9.2	15.0
$30,000 to $39,999	2,320	995	1,330	11.5	9.7	13.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,055	910	1,145	10.2	8.9	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,675	725	950	8.3	7.1	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,305	645	655	6.5	6.4	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,060	565	495	5.2	5.6	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	915	495	415	4.5	4.9	4.2
$90,000 to $99,999	800	470	335	4.0	4.6	3.4
$100,000 and over	4,230	3,195	1,045	20.9	31.3	10.4
$100,000 to $149,999	2,825	1,980	845	14.0	19.4	8.5
$150,000 and over	1,405	1,215	195	7.0	11.8	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	880	410	470	4.1	3.9	4.5
With after-tax income	20,220	10,215	10,000	95.8	96.1	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,595	580	1,015	7.9	5.7	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,945	725	1,215	9.6	7.1	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,920	1,135	1,775	14.4	11.2	17.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,735	1,215	1,520	13.5	11.9	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,345	1,060	1,285	11.6	10.3	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,825	875	955	9.1	8.6	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,420	780	635	7.0	7.6	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,195	685	505	5.9	6.8	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	985	635	350	4.9	6.2	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	880	585	300	4.4	5.7	3.0
$100,000 and over	2,380	1,940	440	11.8	18.9	4.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,640	1,325	315	8.1	13.0	3.2
$125,000 and over	740	615	125	3.7	6.0	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,685	1,880	2,800	22.2	17.7	26.7
With employment income	16,410	8,745	7,670	77.8	82.3	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,680	805	875	10.2	9.2	11.4
$5,000 to $9,999	1,150	505	640	7.0	5.8	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,785	750	1,035	10.8	8.6	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,385	605	780	8.4	6.9	10.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	505	695	7.3	5.8	9.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,190	510	680	7.3	5.8	8.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,015	425	590	6.2	4.9	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	925	435	495	5.6	4.9	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	835	450	390	5.1	5.1	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	725	390	330	4.4	4.5	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	670	420	245	4.1	4.8	3.2
$100,000 and over	3,855	2,950	910	23.5	33.7	11.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,370	915	460	8.3	10.5	6.0
$125,000 and over	2,485	2,035	445	15.1	23.3	5.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,905	10,065	9,840	94.4	94.7	94.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	65,000	36,400	46,800	65,000	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,925	10,065	9,855	94.5	94.7	94.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	54,400	32,800	41,600	54,400	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,985	9,345	8,640	85.3	87.9	82.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	64,500	32,000	45,200	64,500	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,445	8,720	7,725	78.0	82.0	73.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	67,500	34,000	47,600	67,500	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,090	5,675	7,415	62.1	53.4	70.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	9,700	8,200	8,800	9,700	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,635	2,415	2,220	22.0	22.7	21.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	10,100	9,400	9,800	10,100	9,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,960	10,115	9,845	94.6	95.2	94.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,750	76,100	44,960	60,750	76,100	44,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,980	10,115	9,865	94.7	95.2	94.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	59,450	37,880	48,800	59,450	37,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,960	9,375	8,590	85.1	88.2	82.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,950	75,500	43,000	59,950	75,500	43,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,390	8,725	7,665	77.7	82.1	73.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,450	75,000	43,800	60,450	75,000	43,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,130	5,760	7,370	62.2	54.2	70.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,290	10,760	9,930	10,290	10,760	9,930
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,620	2,425	2,190	21.9	22.8	20.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,710	10,920	10,470	10,710	10,920	10,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,115	4,465	3,650	38.5	42.0	34.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,000	99,000	56,800	76,000	99,000	56,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,300	102,300	62,400	84,300	102,300	62,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,980	3,050	2,935	28.3	28.7	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	34,800	19,600	26,200	34,800	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,280	54,100	30,040	42,280	54,100	30,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8	92.0	83.4	88.8	92.0	83.4
Employment income (%)	81.6	85.0	75.8	81.6	85.0	75.8
Government transfers (%)	11.1	8.0	16.5	11.1	8.0	16.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.1	3.4	5.2	4.1	3.4	5.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	47,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	125,600	...	...	125,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	102,100	...	...	102,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,315	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	71,100	...	...	71,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,050	...	...	57,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,980	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	141,400	...	...	141,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...	115,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	330	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...	1.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	270	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	300	...	...	2.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	2.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	545	...	...	5.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	540	...	...	5.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	530	...	...	5.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	515	...	...	5.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,765	...	...	56.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,215	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,075	...	...	10.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,755	...	...	17.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,725	...	...	16.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	340	...	...	3.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	225	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	305	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...	3.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	320	...	...	3.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	715	...	...	6.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	635	...	...	6.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	670	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	755	...	...	7.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,735	...	...	46.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,505	...	...	14.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,190	...	...	11.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,040	...	...	19.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,365	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,910	1,600	1,305	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,400	64,000	40,800	50,400	64,000	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	53,200	38,000	45,200	53,200	38,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,830	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,200	...	...	140,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,200	...	...	114,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,025	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	129,800	...	...	129,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,300	...	...	104,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,800	...	...	170,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,600	...	...	138,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,230	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,400	...	...	85,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,930	1,625	1,305	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,700	76,900	54,050	66,700	76,900	54,050
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,900	60,650	45,440	53,900	60,650	45,440
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,045	3,040	3,010	23.1	23.1	23.1
0 to 5 years	1,880	945	935	7.2	7.2	7.2
18 to 64 years	16,815	8,495	8,325	64.2	64.5	63.9
65 years and over	3,335	1,645	1,690	12.7	12.5	13.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,335	1,045	1,295	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	720	330	390	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	250	120	130	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	995	460	535	...	...	...
65 years and over	625	255	370	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	7.9	9.9	8.9	7.9	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	11.9	10.9	12.9	11.9	10.9	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	13.5	13.0	14.0	13.5	13.0	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.4	6.4	5.9	5.4	6.4
65 years and over (%)	18.7	15.4	21.9	18.7	15.4	21.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	24,135	12,200	11,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,275	2,685	2,590	21.9	22.0	21.7
0 to 5 years	1,620	835	785	6.7	6.8	6.6
18 to 64 years	15,620	7,920	7,695	64.7	64.9	64.5
65 years and over	3,235	1,590	1,650	13.4	13.0	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	490	235	255	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	150	80	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	295	135	160	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.0	2.7	2.8	3.0	2.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.4	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	26,205	13,180	13,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,710	4,560	5,155	37.1	34.6	39.6
In bottom decile	2,005	910	1,100	7.7	6.9	8.4
In second decile	1,865	870	1,005	7.1	6.6	7.7
In third decile	1,735	810	920	6.6	6.1	7.1
In fourth decile	2,130	990	1,140	8.1	7.5	8.8
In fifth decile	1,965	980	990	7.5	7.4	7.6
In top half of the distribution	16,490	8,625	7,870	62.9	65.4	60.4
In sixth decile	2,425	1,240	1,185	9.3	9.4	9.1
In seventh decile	2,805	1,390	1,415	10.7	10.5	10.9
In eighth decile	3,135	1,600	1,535	12.0	12.1	11.8
In ninth decile	3,945	2,105	1,835	15.1	16.0	14.1
In top decile	4,185	2,285	1,900	16.0	17.3	14.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	26,200	...	...	26,200	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.311	...	...	0.311	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.407	...	...	0.407	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.271	...	...	0.271	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	24,420	12,415	12,010	92.6	93.3	91.9
French only	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	1,840	850	990	7.0	6.4	7.6
Neither English nor French	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25,905	13,045	12,860	98.2	98.0	98.4
French	350	205	145	1.3	1.5	1.1
English and French	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	70	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,920	13,095	12,820	98.3	98.4	98.0
Official languages	23,310	11,835	11,475	88.4	88.9	87.8
English	22,925	11,620	11,310	86.9	87.3	86.5
French	385	220	170	1.5	1.7	1.3
Non-official languages	2,610	1,260	1,345	9.9	9.5	10.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,780	835	945	6.7	6.3	7.2
Algonquian languages	1,565	740	825	5.9	5.6	6.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,565	740	825	5.9	5.6	6.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,565	740	825	5.9	5.6	6.3
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	220	100	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	215	100	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	825	425	400	3.1	3.2	3.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	430	200	230	1.6	1.5	1.8
Bikol	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	385	185	200	1.5	1.4	1.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	280	160	120	1.1	1.2	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	35	25	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	95	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	160	85	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	465	215	250	1.8	1.6	1.9
English and French	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	380	180	200	1.4	1.4	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	23,005	11,725	11,280	87.2	88.1	86.3
French	155	80	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	1,000	485	515	3.8	3.6	3.9
Indigenous³⁹	830	395	435	3.1	3.0	3.3
Non-Indigenous	165	85	85	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	250	115	130	0.9	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	1,870	855	1,020	7.1	6.4	7.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,875	13,085	12,785	98.1	98.3	97.8
Official languages	24,070	12,190	11,875	91.2	91.6	90.8
English	23,880	12,095	11,785	90.5	90.9	90.1
French	195	100	95	0.7	0.8	0.7
Non-official languages	1,800	895	905	6.8	6.7	6.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,345	670	680	5.1	5.0	5.2
Algonquian languages	1,300	650	655	4.9	4.9	5.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,300	650	655	4.9	4.9	5.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,300	650	655	4.9	4.9	5.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	455	220	230	1.7	1.7	1.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	250	120	135	0.9	0.9	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	240	115	120	0.9	0.9	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	75	75	0.5	0.6	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	100	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	510	220	285	1.9	1.7	2.2
English and French	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	465	195	270	1.8	1.5	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	24,645	12,490	12,150	93.4	93.8	92.9
English	765	400	365	2.9	3.0	2.8
French	190	90	105	0.7	0.7	0.8
Non-official language	655	280	375	2.5	2.1	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	395	160	240	1.5	1.2	1.8
Non-Indigenous	260	120	135	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	26,135	13,155	12,975	99.8	99.8	99.7
English	26,080	13,135	12,945	99.5	99.7	99.4
French	1,930	850	1,085	7.4	6.4	8.3
Non-official languages	3,650	1,750	1,900	13.9	13.3	14.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,405	1,110	1,290	9.2	8.4	9.9
Algonquian languages	1,885	885	1,000	7.2	6.7	7.7
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,885	885	1,005	7.2	6.7	7.7
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,880	885	1,005	7.2	6.7	7.7
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	520	225	290	2.0	1.7	2.2
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	520	225	290	2.0	1.7	2.2
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,300	665	630	5.0	5.0	4.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	625	295	335	2.4	2.2	2.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	590	270	325	2.3	2.0	2.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	530	300	230	2.0	2.3	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	55	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
German	55	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	265	150	120	1.0	1.1	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	245	130	110	0.9	1.0	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	145	90	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	45	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	95	80	0.7	0.7	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	140	80	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	11,290	5,500	5,790	43.1	41.7	44.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10,920	5,325	5,590	41.7	40.4	42.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,600	1,190	1,410	9.9	9.0	10.8
Métis	3,255	1,625	1,625	12.4	12.3	12.5
Inuk (Inuit)	5,070	2,510	2,555	19.4	19.0	19.6
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	265	120	140	1.0	0.9	1.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	105	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	14,915	7,680	7,235	56.9	58.3	55.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,680	1,285	1,395	10.2	9.7	10.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	23,520	11,895	11,625	89.8	90.3	89.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,360	...	...	71.5	...	...
Renter	2,545	...	...	24.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	395	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	130	...	...	1.3	...	...
Not condominium	10,170	...	...	98.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	400	...	...	3.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,170	...	...	21.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,855	...	...	47.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,850	...	...	27.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,795	...	...	17.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,925	...	...	18.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,965	...	...	19.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,505	...	...	14.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,110	...	...	30.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,130	...	...	98.3	...	...
More than one person per room	170	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,920	...	...	96.3	...	...
Not suitable	380	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	830	...	...	8.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,575	...	...	44.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,160	...	...	11.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,335	...	...	13.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	585	...	...	5.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	690	...	...	6.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	740	...	...	7.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	385	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,415	...	...	91.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	885	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,625	...	...	54.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,340	...	...	42.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	335	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	315	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,650	...	...	16.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,010	...	...	19.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,285	...	...	22.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,930	...	...	18.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,360	...	...	13.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	615	...	...	6.0	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,170	...	...	94.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	575	...	...	5.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	520	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,710	...	...	16.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	505	...	...	4.9	...	...
Not suitable only	310	...	...	3.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	770	...	...	7.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,585	...	...	83.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	525	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not in core need	9,165	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,265	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.9	...	...	52.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,027	...	...	1,027	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	253,000	...	...	253,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,495	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.8	...	...	20.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.9	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	873	...	...	873	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	395	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	0	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	164	...	...	164	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	8,870	4,315	4,560	33.9	32.7	35.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	8,225	3,975	4,250	31.4	30.2	32.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,485	1,170	1,315	9.5	8.9	10.1
Métis single ancestry	1,550	770	780	5.9	5.8	6.0
Inuit single ancestry	4,195	2,035	2,160	16.0	15.4	16.6
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	645	340	305	2.5	2.6	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	190	90	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	340	190	160	1.3	1.4	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,955	1,405	1,555	11.3	10.7	11.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,590	1,240	1,345	9.9	9.4	10.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	905	430	475	3.5	3.3	3.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	410	180	225	1.6	1.4	1.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,270	625	640	4.8	4.7	4.9
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	370	160	205	1.4	1.2	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	195	70	120	0.7	0.5	0.9
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	125	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,375	7,465	6,910	54.9	56.6	53.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	25,305	12,730	12,575	96.6	96.6	96.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,880	2,950	2,925	22.4	22.4	22.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,420	9,770	9,645	74.1	74.1	74.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	900	450	450	3.4	3.4	3.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	24,820	12,495	12,320	94.7	94.8	94.6
Immigrants⁸¹	1,140	580	555	4.4	4.4	4.3
Before 1980	155	80	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
1980 to 1990	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	55	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
2001 to 2010	100	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	795	390	405	3.0	3.0	3.1
2011 to 2015	270	135	135	1.0	1.0	1.0
2016 to 2021	525	260	265	2.0	2.0	2.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	245	100	140	0.9	0.8	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,140	580	555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	150	80	70	13.2	13.8	12.6
5 to 14 years	155	85	75	13.6	14.7	13.5
15 to 24 years	145	90	50	12.7	15.5	9.0
25 to 44 years	630	300	330	55.3	51.7	59.5
45 years and over	60	25	35	5.3	4.3	6.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,140	580	555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	35	55	7.9	6.0	9.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	15	0	1.8	2.6	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	45	10	30	3.9	1.7	5.4
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0.9	1.7	1.8
Europe	235	130	100	20.6	22.4	18.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	0	15	1.8	0.0	2.7
Germany	40	35	0	3.5	6.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	20	15	0	1.8	2.6	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	50	50	8.8	8.6	9.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	20	3.1	3.4	3.6
Africa	75	50	25	6.6	8.6	4.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Nigeria	20	15	0	1.8	2.6	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	10	3.1	2.6	1.8
Asia	740	365	380	64.9	62.9	68.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	1.8	1.7	2.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	515	245	270	45.2	42.2	48.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0.0	1.7	0.0
India	95	55	40	8.3	9.5	7.2
Pakistan	20	15	10	1.8	2.6	1.8
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	20	10	2.6	3.4	1.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	525	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	0	20	5.7	0.0	7.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	25	20	8.6	9.6	7.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	1.9	3.8	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.7
Africa	35	25	10	6.7	9.6	3.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	15	0	2.9	5.8	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	420	205	220	80.0	78.8	81.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	3.7
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	35	30	12.4	13.5	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	15	0	3.8	5.8	0.0
Philippines	310	140	170	59.0	53.8	63.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,440	725	720	5.5	5.5	5.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	785	440	345	3.0	3.3	2.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	23,975	12,015	11,960	91.5	91.2	91.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	985	505	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	770	395	380	78.2	78.2	79.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	355	210	150	36.0	41.6	31.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	185	225	41.6	36.6	46.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	210	105	105	21.3	20.8	21.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	985	505	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	355	170	185	36.0	33.7	38.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	15	15	4.1	3.0	3.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	570	295	275	57.9	58.4	57.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,285	640	645	4.9	4.9	5.0
South Asian	285	155	130	1.1	1.2	1.0
Chinese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black	110	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Filipino	705	345	370	2.7	2.6	2.8
Arab	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin American	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	24,920	12,540	12,380	95.1	95.1	95.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,570	2,380	2,190	17.4	18.1	16.8
English	4,910	2,480	2,435	18.7	18.8	18.7
Irish	3,420	1,705	1,715	13.1	12.9	13.2
Scottish	1,325	705	615	5.1	5.3	4.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	955	475	490	3.6	3.6	3.8
German	320	175	145	1.2	1.3	1.1
Chinese	95	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italian	90	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indian (India)	170	80	90	0.6	0.6	0.7
Ukrainian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	125	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Polish	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Québécois	75	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	635	305	330	2.4	2.3	2.5
Filipino	685	325	360	2.6	2.5	2.8
French Canadian	105	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,515	735	780	5.8	5.6	6.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	585	255	330	2.2	1.9	2.5
Métis	2,585	1,285	1,295	9.9	9.7	9.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	565	310	255	2.2	2.4	2.0
Russian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Norwegian	130	60	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Welsh	140	70	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
American	120	75	45	0.5	0.6	0.3
Spanish	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	100	35	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pakistani	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	335	130	205	1.3	1.0	1.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belgian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	740	340	400	2.8	2.6	3.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Muslim	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	1,465	755	715	5.6	5.7	5.5
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	5,925	2,860	3,065	22.6	21.7	23.5
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	1,870	915	955	7.1	6.9	7.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	295	155	140	1.1	1.2	1.1
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	21,285	10,445	10,840	81.2	79.2	83.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	595	310	285	2.3	2.4	2.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	5,650	2,870	2,780	21.6	21.8	21.4
Baptist	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catholic	6,910	3,375	3,530	26.4	25.6	27.1
Christian Orthodox	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	755	365	385	2.9	2.8	3.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	2,000	925	1,070	7.6	7.0	8.2
Presbyterian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	2,545	1,250	1,290	9.7	9.5	9.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	2,670	1,280	1,395	10.2	9.7	10.7
Hindu	120	70	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	145	70	70	0.6	0.5	0.5
Sikh	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	4,500	2,525	1,975	17.2	19.2	15.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	25,930	13,050	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	22,990	11,660	11,325	88.7	89.3	88.0
Movers	2,940	1,390	1,555	11.3	10.7	12.1
Non-migrants	1,865	840	1,020	7.2	6.4	7.9
Migrants	1,080	545	530	4.2	4.2	4.1
Internal migrants	1,025	520	505	4.0	4.0	3.9
Intraprovincial migrants	655	340	310	2.5	2.6	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	370	180	190	1.4	1.4	1.5
External migrants	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	24,680	12,390	12,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,620	8,375	8,240	67.3	67.6	67.0
Movers	8,065	4,015	4,050	32.7	32.4	32.9
Non-migrants	3,655	1,755	1,900	14.8	14.2	15.5
Migrants	4,410	2,260	2,150	17.9	18.2	17.5
Internal migrants	3,890	2,010	1,880	15.8	16.2	15.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,815	1,440	1,375	11.4	11.6	11.2
Interprovincial migrants	1,075	570	510	4.4	4.6	4.1
External migrants	525	250	275	2.1	2.0	2.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,095	10,625	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,950	2,655	2,290	23.5	25.0	21.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,145	7,970	8,175	76.5	75.0	78.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,675	7,330	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,365	1,330	1,030	16.1	18.1	14.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,310	5,995	6,315	83.9	81.8	85.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,470	2,295	2,180	21.2	21.6	20.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,470	2,485	2,985	25.9	23.4	28.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,160	5,850	5,305	52.9	55.0	50.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,585	5,000	3,590	40.7	47.0	34.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,030	2,300	725	14.4	21.6	6.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,290	755	530	6.1	7.1	5.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,740	1,545	195	8.2	14.5	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,195	2,555	2,640	24.6	24.0	25.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	360	140	220	1.7	1.3	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,570	855	1,720	12.2	8.0	16.4
Bachelor's degree	1,890	610	1,275	9.0	5.7	12.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	30	90	0.6	0.3	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	480	175	310	2.3	1.6	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,675	7,330	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,035	1,090	945	13.9	14.9	12.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,430	1,565	1,865	23.4	21.4	25.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,210	4,675	4,540	62.8	63.8	61.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,965	3,930	3,040	47.5	53.6	41.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,300	1,710	590	15.7	23.3	8.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	980	560	420	6.7	7.6	5.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,325	1,150	170	9.0	15.7	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,395	2,105	2,285	29.9	28.7	31.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	265	110	155	1.8	1.5	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,245	745	1,500	15.3	10.2	20.4
Bachelor's degree	1,650	545	1,110	11.2	7.4	15.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	30	80	0.7	0.4	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	425	150	280	2.9	2.0	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,940	4,780	5,165	47.1	45.0	49.3
Education	690	165	525	3.3	1.6	5.0
13. Education	690	165	525	3.3	1.6	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Humanities	290	100	190	1.4	0.9	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	50	0.4	0.2	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	35	80	0.5	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	630	140	490	3.0	1.3	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	235	10	220	1.1	0.1	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	95	25	70	0.5	0.2	0.7
45. Social sciences	185	65	120	0.9	0.6	1.1
Business, management and public administration	2,040	330	1,710	9.7	3.1	16.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	25	140	0.8	0.2	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,865	310	1,555	8.8	2.9	14.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	65	90	0.7	0.6	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	270	105	160	1.3	1.0	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	255	105	150	1.2	1.0	1.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,135	3,550	585	19.6	33.4	5.6
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	245	185	60	1.2	1.7	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	970	655	310	4.6	6.2	3.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,130	1,040	90	5.4	9.8	0.9
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,340	1,250	85	6.4	11.8	0.8
48. Precision production	430	400	30	2.0	3.8	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	135	135	1.3	1.3	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	120	100	1.1	1.1	1.0
Health and related fields	1,085	175	915	5.1	1.6	8.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	985	125	860	4.7	1.2	8.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,520	1,040	480	7.2	9.8	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	370	80	290	1.8	0.8	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	225	165	60	1.1	1.6	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	920	795	125	4.4	7.5	1.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,680	7,325	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,465	2,655	2,810	37.2	36.2	38.3
Education	545	115	430	3.7	1.6	5.9
13. Education	545	115	430	3.7	1.6	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Humanities	240	65	175	1.6	0.9	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	50	0.4	0.2	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	15	75	0.6	0.2	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
54. History	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	590	130	460	4.0	1.8	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	10	215	1.6	0.1	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	85	20	55	0.6	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	175	65	110	1.2	0.9	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,795	305	1,490	12.2	4.2	20.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	110	0.9	0.3	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,645	280	1,365	11.2	3.8	18.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	255	105	140	1.7	1.4	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	240	105	135	1.6	1.4	1.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,330	2,790	540	22.7	38.1	7.4
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	225	170	60	1.5	2.3	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	875	575	295	6.0	7.8	4.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	875	810	70	6.0	11.1	1.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,020	940	80	6.9	12.8	1.1
48. Precision production	315	285	30	2.1	3.9	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	105	115	1.5	1.4	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	185	95	95	1.3	1.3	1.3
Health and related fields	860	145	715	5.9	2.0	9.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	45	30	0.4	0.6	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	775	95	680	5.3	1.3	9.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,210	820	390	8.2	11.2	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	285	70	215	1.9	1.0	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	130	55	1.3	1.8	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	735	620	115	5.0	8.5	1.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	14,680	7,325	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,465	2,655	2,810	37.2	36.2	38.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,215	4,670	4,540	62.8	63.8	61.8
Location of study inside Canada	8,605	4,405	4,195	58.6	60.1	57.1
Same as province or territory of residence	6,720	3,505	3,210	45.8	47.8	43.7
Different than province or territory of residence	1,885	900	985	12.8	12.3	13.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	610	265	345	4.2	3.6	4.7
Americas	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
United States of America	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	430	180	250	2.9	2.5	3.4
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	300	120	185	2.0	1.6	2.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	21,100	10,630	10,465	...	...	...
In the labour force	14,255	7,520	6,735	...	...	...
Employed	12,465	6,485	5,980	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,795	1,040	755	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,840	3,105	3,735	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.6	70.7	64.4	67.6	70.7	64.4
Employment rate	59.1	61.0	57.1	59.1	61.0	57.1
Unemployment rate	12.6	13.8	11.2	12.6	13.8	11.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,210	2,790	3,415	29.4	26.2	32.6
Worked	14,890	7,835	7,050	70.6	73.7	67.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,295	4,540	3,750	39.3	42.7	35.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,595	3,295	3,305	31.3	31.0	31.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3	39.6	38.9	39.3	39.6	38.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,255	7,525	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	175	110	2.0	2.3	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,965	7,345	6,620	98.0	97.6	98.4
Employee	13,355	7,045	6,310	93.7	93.6	93.8
Permanent position	10,425	5,595	4,830	73.1	74.4	71.8
Temporary position	2,930	1,450	1,480	20.6	19.3	22.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	690	295	395	4.8	3.9	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,240	1,155	1,085	15.7	15.3	16.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	605	300	305	4.2	4.0	4.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,255	7,525	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	175	110	2.0	2.3	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,965	7,345	6,620	98.0	97.6	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	135	60	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,655	325	1,330	11.6	4.3	19.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	750	515	240	5.3	6.8	3.6
3 Health occupations	695	90	600	4.9	1.2	8.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,000	665	1,335	14.0	8.8	19.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	65	95	1.1	0.9	1.4
6 Sales and service occupations	3,200	1,030	2,165	22.4	13.7	32.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,845	3,430	410	27.0	45.6	6.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	970	755	215	6.8	10.0	3.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	560	400	155	3.9	5.3	2.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,255	7,525	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	175	110	2.0	2.3	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	13,965	7,345	6,620	98.0	97.6	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	330	250	80	2.3	3.3	1.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,645	2,010	635	18.6	26.7	9.4
22 Utilities	470	360	105	3.3	4.8	1.6
23 Construction	980	805	170	6.9	10.7	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	445	280	170	3.1	3.7	2.5
41 Wholesale trade	340	220	120	2.4	2.9	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	1,435	610	825	10.1	8.1	12.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	665	440	225	4.7	5.8	3.3
51 Information and cultural industries	50	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	105	15	85	0.7	0.2	1.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	50	60	0.8	0.7	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	290	150	140	2.0	2.0	2.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	540	275	255	3.8	3.7	3.8
61 Educational services	775	160	610	5.4	2.1	9.1
62 Health care and social assistance	1,705	265	1,445	12.0	3.5	21.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	65	70	0.9	0.9	1.0
72 Accommodation and food services	825	275	560	5.8	3.7	8.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	505	240	260	3.5	3.2	3.9
91 Public administration	1,595	825	770	11.2	11.0	11.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,825	8,265	7,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,630	7,815	6,815	92.4	94.6	90.1
French	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-official language	195	75	110	1.2	0.9	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	185	70	110	1.2	0.8	1.5
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	355	125	230	2.2	1.5	3.0
English and non-official language(s)	590	210	380	3.7	2.5	5.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,825	8,265	7,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,650	8,215	7,435	98.9	99.4	98.3
Official languages	15,245	8,045	7,200	96.3	97.3	95.2
English	15,150	8,000	7,150	95.7	96.8	94.6
French	90	45	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-official languages	405	170	235	2.6	2.1	3.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	395	160	230	2.5	1.9	3.0
Algonquian languages	380	155	220	2.4	1.9	2.9
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	380	155	220	2.4	1.9	2.9
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	380	155	220	2.4	1.9	2.9
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	50	125	1.1	0.6	1.7
English and French	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	160	45	110	1.0	0.5	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,825	8,265	7,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,035	7,975	7,065	95.0	96.5	93.5
English	250	105	140	1.6	1.3	1.9
French	300	110	190	1.9	1.3	2.5
Non-official language	225	70	160	1.4	0.8	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	175	45	125	1.1	0.5	1.7
Non-Indigenous	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,460	6,480	5,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	695	245	450	5.6	3.8	7.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,200	885	315	9.6	13.7	5.3
Usual place of work	10,565	5,345	5,215	84.8	82.5	87.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,565	5,345	5,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,035	4,015	4,020	76.1	75.1	77.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,225	1,170	1,065	21.1	21.9	20.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	205	100	100	1.9	1.9	1.9
Commute to a different province or territory	95	65	30	0.9	1.2	0.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,765	6,235	5,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	10,215	5,400	4,815	86.8	86.6	87.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,495	5,130	4,365	80.7	82.3	78.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	720	270	445	6.1	4.3	8.0
Public transit	80	70	10	0.7	1.1	0.2
Walked	650	275	370	5.5	4.4	6.7
Bicycle	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other method	805	475	330	6.8	7.6	6.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,765	6,235	5,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,515	4,225	4,290	72.4	67.8	77.6
15 to 29 minutes	2,260	1,440	820	19.2	23.1	14.8
30 to 44 minutes	510	255	260	4.3	4.1	4.7
45 to 59 minutes	210	120	85	1.8	1.9	1.5
60 minutes and over	275	195	75	2.3	3.1	1.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,765	6,235	5,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	705	520	185	6.0	8.3	3.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,900	1,420	480	16.1	22.8	8.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,030	2,200	1,830	34.3	35.3	33.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,805	1,095	1,705	23.8	17.6	30.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,150	410	740	9.8	6.6	13.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,175	585	590	10.0	9.4	10.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,160	3,100	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	410	200	210	6.7	6.5	6.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,755	2,905	2,850	93.4	93.7	93.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,535	2,280	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	300	145	155	6.6	6.4	6.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	85	110	4.4	3.7	4.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	55	45	2.2	2.4	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,235	2,140	2,095	93.4	93.9	93.1

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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