Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Labrador-Grenfell Regional Health AuthorityMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Health region]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	34,941	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	16,603	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	13,961	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	...	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	...	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	34,940	17,575	17,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,935	3,025	2,910	17.0	17.2	16.8
0 to 4 years	1,695	870	825	4.9	5.0	4.7
5 to 9 years	2,045	1,005	1,040	5.9	5.7	6.0
10 to 14 years	2,190	1,150	1,040	6.3	6.5	6.0
15 to 64 years	22,925	11,625	11,300	65.6	66.1	65.1
15 to 19 years	1,960	1,025	940	5.6	5.8	5.4
20 to 24 years	1,890	1,010	875	5.4	5.7	5.0
25 to 29 years	1,900	970	925	5.4	5.5	5.3
30 to 34 years	2,185	1,095	1,095	6.3	6.2	6.3
35 to 39 years	2,230	1,085	1,140	6.4	6.2	6.6
40 to 44 years	2,290	1,140	1,145	6.6	6.5	6.6
45 to 49 years	2,550	1,275	1,275	7.3	7.3	7.3
50 to 54 years	2,860	1,450	1,410	8.2	8.3	8.1
55 to 59 years	2,670	1,360	1,305	7.6	7.7	7.5
60 to 64 years	2,380	1,210	1,175	6.8	6.9	6.8
65 years and over	6,085	2,920	3,160	17.4	16.6	18.2
65 to 69 years	2,170	1,080	1,090	6.2	6.1	6.3
70 to 74 years	1,765	845	920	5.1	4.8	5.3
75 to 79 years	1,110	525	580	3.2	3.0	3.3
80 to 84 years	625	285	340	1.8	1.6	2.0
85 years and over	420	185	235	1.2	1.1	1.4
85 to 89 years	300	145	150	0.9	0.8	0.9
90 to 94 years	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
95 to 99 years	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.2	16.8	17.0	17.2	16.8
15 to 64 years	65.6	66.1	65.1	65.6	66.1	65.1
65 years and over	17.4	16.6	18.2	17.4	16.6	18.2
85 years and over	1.2	1.1	1.4	1.2	1.1	1.4
Average age of the population	41.5	41.1	41.9	41.5	41.1	41.9
Median age of the population	43.2	42.8	43.2	43.2	42.8	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	13,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,345	...	...	74.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,250	...	...	9.0	...	...
Row house	980	...	...	7.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	255	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	635	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	95	...	...	0.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	375	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	13,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,190	...	...	22.9	...	...
2 persons	5,465	...	...	39.1	...	...
3 persons	2,500	...	...	17.9	...	...
4 persons	1,880	...	...	13.5	...	...
5 or more persons	925	...	...	6.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,330	17,210	17,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	29,010	14,550	14,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	18,355	9,165	9,190	63.3	63.0	63.6
Married	13,830	6,920	6,910	47.7	47.6	47.8
Living common-law	4,525	2,240	2,280	15.6	15.4	15.8
Living common law - Never married	3,660	1,785	1,875	12.6	12.3	13.0
Living common law - Separated	130	75	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	630	350	280	2.2	2.4	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	100	35	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	10,655	5,380	5,270	36.7	37.0	36.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,590	4,315	3,275	26.2	29.7	22.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	510	245	265	1.8	1.7	1.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	950	475	475	3.3	3.3	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,605	350	1,255	5.5	2.4	8.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,865	...	...	54.9	...	...
3 persons	2,435	...	...	22.8	...	...
4 persons	1,760	...	...	16.5	...	...
5 or more persons	615	...	...	5.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	9,015	...	...	84.4	...	...
Married couples	6,755	...	...	63.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,995	...	...	28.1	...	...
Without children	3,760	...	...	35.2	...	...
Common-law couples	2,260	...	...	21.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,170	...	...	11.0	...	...
Without children	1,095	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,665	...	...	15.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,190	...	...	11.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	475	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	34,330	17,210	17,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	29,370	14,650	14,725	85.6	85.1	86.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	18,030	8,990	9,040	52.5	52.2	52.8
Parents in one-parent families	1,660	470	1,185	4.8	2.7	6.9
Children⁶	9,680	5,190	4,490	28.2	30.2	26.2
In a two-parent family	7,140	3,820	3,315	20.8	22.2	19.4
In a one-parent family	2,540	1,370	1,170	7.4	8.0	6.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,960	2,560	2,400	14.4	14.9	14.0
Living alone	3,190	1,625	1,565	9.3	9.4	9.1
Living with other relatives⁷	1,055	525	525	3.1	3.1	3.1
Living with non-relatives only	715	410	310	2.1	2.4	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	13,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,480	...	...	67.9	...	...
Couple-family households	8,240	...	...	59.0	...	...
With children⁶	3,785	...	...	27.1	...	...
Without children	4,455	...	...	31.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,240	...	...	8.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	365	...	...	2.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	490	...	...	3.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	380	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	3,190	...	...	22.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	28,405	14,195	14,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,370	13,705	13,660	96.4	96.5	96.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	52,800	36,400	43,200	52,800	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,375	13,710	13,665	96.4	96.6	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	32,800	38,800	46,000	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,800	12,300	11,500	83.8	86.7	80.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	48,800	29,200	38,000	48,800	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,155	11,150	10,005	74.5	78.5	70.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	51,200	31,600	40,400	51,200	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,820	9,415	11,405	73.3	66.3	80.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,900	15,600	12,400	13,900	15,600	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,240	3,885	3,355	25.5	27.4	23.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,200	12,700	9,600	11,200	12,700	9,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,800	3,230	3,575	23.9	22.8	25.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	28,480	14,230	14,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,435	13,745	13,690	96.3	96.6	96.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,850	69,400	46,280	57,850	69,400	46,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,440	13,750	13,690	96.3	96.6	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,400	55,450	39,320	47,400	55,450	39,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,845	12,310	11,530	83.7	86.5	80.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,500	66,100	42,120	54,500	66,100	42,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,200	11,185	10,020	74.4	78.6	70.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,250	66,500	42,760	55,250	66,500	42,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,925	9,455	11,470	73.5	66.4	80.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,720	14,740	12,900	13,720	14,740	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,150	3,860	3,290	25.1	27.1	23.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,640	12,560	10,540	11,640	12,560	10,540
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,545	3,110	3,435	23.0	21.9	24.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,410	8,330	8,470	8,410	8,330	8,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	28,480	14,230	14,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,475	4,980	4,490	33.3	35.0	31.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,000	99,000	60,000	77,000	99,000	60,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,400	103,900	67,000	86,400	103,900	67,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,130	4,780	4,350	32.1	33.6	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	24,400	15,400	19,400	24,400	15,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,280	41,280	24,480	33,280	41,280	24,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	85.4	76.6	82.0	85.4	76.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.8	78.0	67.6	73.8	78.0	67.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.1	14.6	23.3	18.1	14.6	23.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	5.2	5.1	5.5	5.2	5.1	5.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0	3.1	5.5	4.0	3.1	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.7	4.6	3.5	2.7	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	28,405	14,190	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,035	485	550	3.7	3.5	3.9
With total income	27,370	13,705	13,665	96.4	96.6	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,020	745	1,270	7.4	5.5	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	3,040	1,210	1,835	11.1	8.8	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	3,995	1,570	2,425	14.6	11.5	17.8
$30,000 to $39,999	3,565	1,575	1,990	13.0	11.5	14.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,995	1,425	1,565	10.9	10.4	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,190	1,025	1,160	8.0	7.5	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655	870	780	6.0	6.4	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,310	730	585	4.8	5.3	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,100	615	485	4.0	4.5	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	925	530	390	3.4	3.9	2.9
$100,000 and over	4,570	3,410	1,170	16.7	24.8	8.5
$100,000 to $149,999	3,080	2,140	940	11.3	15.6	6.9
$150,000 and over	1,490	1,270	225	5.4	9.2	1.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	28,405	14,190	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,030	485	550	3.6	3.4	3.8
With after-tax income	27,375	13,710	13,665	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,090	775	1,315	7.6	5.7	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,180	1,245	1,940	11.6	9.0	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,815	1,930	2,885	17.6	14.1	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	4,115	1,935	2,180	15.0	14.1	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	3,220	1,560	1,665	11.8	11.4	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,335	1,190	1,140	8.5	8.7	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,665	920	745	6.1	6.7	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	800	585	5.1	5.8	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,110	705	400	4.0	5.1	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	950	630	320	3.5	4.6	2.4
$100,000 and over	2,500	2,015	485	9.1	14.7	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	1,700	1,370	335	6.2	10.0	2.5
$125,000 and over	800	645	150	2.9	4.7	1.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	28,405	14,190	14,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,250	3,040	4,210	25.5	21.4	29.6
With employment income	21,155	11,155	10,005	74.5	78.6	70.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,600	1,270	1,335	12.3	11.4	13.3
$5,000 to $9,999	1,685	720	960	7.9	6.5	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,705	1,175	1,530	12.8	10.5	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,935	895	1,040	9.1	8.0	10.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,605	720	885	7.6	6.5	8.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,545	700	845	7.3	6.3	8.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,285	580	705	6.1	5.2	7.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	530	565	5.2	4.8	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	980	530	445	4.6	4.8	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	845	455	385	4.0	4.1	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	755	465	295	3.6	4.2	2.9
$100,000 and over	4,120	3,115	1,005	19.5	27.9	10.0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,525	1,005	525	7.2	9.0	5.2
$125,000 and over	2,590	2,110	485	12.3	18.9	4.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	28,405	14,195	14,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,975	13,515	13,460	95.0	95.2	94.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	54,400	32,800	41,200	54,400	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,995	13,515	13,480	95.0	95.2	94.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	46,400	30,000	36,800	46,400	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,640	12,180	11,460	83.2	85.8	80.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	52,800	28,600	38,400	52,800	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,255	11,165	10,095	74.8	78.7	71.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	55,600	30,200	40,000	55,600	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,170	8,610	10,565	67.5	60.7	74.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	12,800	9,600	11,000	12,800	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,530	4,060	3,470	26.5	28.6	24.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,200	12,400	10,000	11,200	12,400	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	28,480	14,230	14,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,090	13,605	13,480	95.1	95.6	94.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,350	68,300	42,280	55,350	68,300	42,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,100	13,605	13,500	95.2	95.6	94.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,920	53,900	35,840	44,920	53,900	35,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,640	12,210	11,430	83.0	85.8	80.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	67,200	39,880	54,000	67,200	39,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,260	11,185	10,075	74.6	78.6	70.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,650	67,200	40,720	54,650	67,200	40,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,280	8,725	10,550	67.7	61.3	74.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,560	12,400	10,860	11,560	12,400	10,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,470	4,045	3,425	26.2	28.4	24.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,570	12,350	10,650	11,570	12,350	10,650
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	28,480	14,230	14,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,410	4,940	4,465	33.0	34.7	31.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	94,000	54,800	72,000	94,000	54,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,700	98,600	60,900	80,700	98,600	60,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,580	4,545	4,035	30.1	31.9	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	29,400	17,200	23,200	29,400	17,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,720	48,760	27,400	38,720	48,760	27,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.2	88.4	80.0	85.2	88.4	80.0
Employment income (%)	77.6	81.0	72.0	77.6	81.0	72.0
Government transfers (%)	14.9	11.7	20.1	14.9	11.7	20.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	5.8	5.4	6.4	5.8	5.4	6.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	13,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	44,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	13,995	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,400	...	...	113,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,900	...	...	92,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,100	...	...	62,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,320	...	...	50,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,600	...	...	105,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	13,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	630	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	320	...	...	2.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	570	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	485	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	460	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	395	...	...	2.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	855	...	...	6.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	830	...	...	5.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	840	...	...	6.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	740	...	...	5.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	705	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,770	...	...	48.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,615	...	...	11.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,315	...	...	9.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,995	...	...	14.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,840	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	13,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	650	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	395	...	...	2.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	600	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	550	...	...	3.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	500	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	485	...	...	3.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,135	...	...	8.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	995	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	970	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	910	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	975	...	...	7.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,405	...	...	38.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,830	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,380	...	...	9.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,190	...	...	15.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,000	...	...	153,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,480	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,905	2,030	1,870	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	52,800	35,600	42,800	52,800	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	46,000	32,800	38,400	46,000	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...	127,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,700	...	...	104,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,800	...	...	91,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	161,000	...	...	161,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,200	...	...	131,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...	81,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,600	...	...	70,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,930	2,025	1,905	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,650	69,500	49,240	59,650	69,500	49,240
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,600	55,450	41,240	48,600	55,450	41,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	34,335	17,210	17,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,085	3,615	3,470	20.6	21.0	20.3
0 to 5 years	2,125	1,090	1,035	6.2	6.3	6.0
18 to 64 years	21,420	10,755	10,660	62.4	62.5	62.3
65 years and over	5,830	2,845	2,985	17.0	16.5	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,740	1,700	2,035	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	875	430	450	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	285	140	145	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,400	650	745	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,465	620	845	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.9	9.9	11.9	10.9	9.9	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.3	11.8	12.9	12.3	11.8	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	13.6	13.2	14.0	13.6	13.2	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.1	7.0	6.5	6.1	7.0
65 years and over (%)	25.1	21.8	28.3	25.1	21.8	28.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	32,265	16,230	16,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,315	3,265	3,055	19.6	20.1	19.1
0 to 5 years	1,865	975	890	5.8	6.0	5.6
18 to 64 years	20,215	10,180	10,040	62.7	62.7	62.6
65 years and over	5,730	2,790	2,945	17.8	17.2	18.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	590	295	305	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	165	85	75	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	25	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	375	175	190	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	25	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.7	2.5	2.6	2.7	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	34,330	17,210	17,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	14,875	7,080	7,800	43.3	41.1	45.6
In bottom decile	2,980	1,360	1,620	8.7	7.9	9.5
In second decile	3,095	1,440	1,650	9.0	8.4	9.6
In third decile	2,820	1,360	1,455	8.2	7.9	8.5
In fourth decile	3,105	1,480	1,625	9.0	8.6	9.5
In fifth decile	2,880	1,435	1,440	8.4	8.3	8.4
In top half of the distribution	19,455	10,125	9,325	56.7	58.8	54.5
In sixth decile	3,265	1,660	1,600	9.5	9.6	9.3
In seventh decile	3,610	1,795	1,820	10.5	10.4	10.6
In eighth decile	3,765	1,915	1,850	11.0	11.1	10.8
In ninth decile	4,385	2,335	2,050	12.8	13.6	12.0
In top decile	4,435	2,420	2,015	12.9	14.1	11.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	34,330	...	...	34,330	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.320	...	...	0.320	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444	...	...	0.444	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.279	...	...	0.279	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	34,590	17,365	17,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	32,560	16,440	16,120	94.1	94.7	93.6
French only	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,900	875	1,030	5.5	5.0	6.0
Neither English nor French	80	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	34,590	17,365	17,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	34,105	17,100	17,005	98.6	98.5	98.7
French	355	210	150	1.0	1.2	0.9
English and French	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	70	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	34,590	17,365	17,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,110	17,145	16,965	98.6	98.7	98.5
Official languages	31,460	15,860	15,600	91.0	91.3	90.6
English	31,065	15,645	15,425	89.8	90.1	89.6
French	395	220	175	1.1	1.3	1.0
Non-official languages	2,650	1,280	1,370	7.7	7.4	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,780	840	945	5.1	4.8	5.5
Algonquian languages	1,565	735	830	4.5	4.2	4.8
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,565	735	830	4.5	4.2	4.8
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,565	735	830	4.5	4.2	4.8
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	215	100	120	0.6	0.6	0.7
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	220	100	115	0.6	0.6	0.7
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	870	445	425	2.5	2.6	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	435	205	230	1.3	1.2	1.3
Bikol	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	390	190	205	1.1	1.1	1.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	305	170	135	0.9	1.0	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	105	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	180	90	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	480	220	260	1.4	1.3	1.5
English and French	80	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	390	185	205	1.1	1.1	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	34,590	17,365	17,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	31,155	15,750	15,400	90.1	90.7	89.4
French	155	80	75	0.4	0.5	0.4
Non-official language	1,010	485	525	2.9	2.8	3.0
Indigenous³⁹	825	395	430	2.4	2.3	2.5
Non-Indigenous	185	90	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and French	255	120	135	0.7	0.7	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	1,905	875	1,040	5.5	5.0	6.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	34,590	17,365	17,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,070	17,135	16,935	98.5	98.7	98.3
Official languages	32,245	16,240	16,010	93.2	93.5	92.9
English	32,050	16,140	15,915	92.7	92.9	92.4
French	200	100	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official languages	1,825	900	925	5.3	5.2	5.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,345	670	675	3.9	3.9	3.9
Algonquian languages	1,305	650	650	3.8	3.7	3.8
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,305	650	650	3.8	3.7	3.8
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,305	650	650	3.8	3.7	3.8
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	475	230	250	1.4	1.3	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	255	120	130	0.7	0.7	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	240	115	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	160	75	80	0.5	0.4	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	60	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	115	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	515	225	290	1.5	1.3	1.7
English and French	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	470	195	270	1.4	1.1	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	34,590	17,365	17,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	32,810	16,530	16,285	94.9	95.2	94.5
English	775	405	370	2.2	2.3	2.1
French	200	90	105	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	670	285	375	1.9	1.6	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	400	155	235	1.2	0.9	1.4
Non-Indigenous	270	130	140	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	70	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	34,410	17,235	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	34,335	17,210	17,130	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	34,275	17,180	17,090	99.6	99.7	99.5
French	2,005	875	1,135	5.8	5.1	6.6
Non-official languages	3,825	1,825	2,000	11.1	10.6	11.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,420	1,115	1,300	7.0	6.5	7.6
Algonquian languages	1,905	895	1,010	5.5	5.2	5.9
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,900	895	1,010	5.5	5.2	5.9
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,900	890	1,010	5.5	5.2	5.9
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	515	225	290	1.5	1.3	1.7
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	515	225	290	1.5	1.3	1.7
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,455	735	720	4.2	4.3	4.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	650	310	340	1.9	1.8	2.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	615	285	330	1.8	1.7	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	630	335	295	1.8	1.9	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	80	50	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
German	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	360	180	180	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	330	165	165	1.0	1.0	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	215	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	100	75	0.5	0.6	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	145	80	65	0.4	0.5	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	34,405	17,230	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	11,810	5,750	6,060	34.3	33.4	35.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	11,385	5,555	5,830	33.1	32.2	33.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,735	1,260	1,470	7.9	7.3	8.6
Métis	3,475	1,725	1,750	10.1	10.0	10.2
Inuk (Inuit)	5,180	2,570	2,610	15.1	14.9	15.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	270	125	145	0.8	0.7	0.8
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	145	65	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-Indigenous identity	22,600	11,480	11,115	65.7	66.6	64.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	34,405	17,230	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,765	1,325	1,445	8.0	7.7	8.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,640	15,910	15,735	92.0	92.3	91.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,675	...	...	76.3	...	...
Renter	2,925	...	...	20.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	395	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	195	...	...	1.4	...	...
Not condominium	13,800	...	...	98.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	530	...	...	3.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,055	...	...	21.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,715	...	...	48.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,675	...	...	26.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,320	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 rooms	2,505	...	...	17.9	...	...
6 rooms	2,670	...	...	19.1	...	...
7 rooms	2,105	...	...	15.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,400	...	...	31.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,810	...	...	98.7	...	...
More than one person per room	180	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	13,560	...	...	96.9	...	...
Not suitable	435	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,285	...	...	9.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,185	...	...	44.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,995	...	...	14.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,795	...	...	12.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	670	...	...	4.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	770	...	...	5.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	825	...	...	5.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	12,930	...	...	92.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,065	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,440	...	...	53.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,110	...	...	43.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	440	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	350	...	...	2.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,855	...	...	13.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,335	...	...	16.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,905	...	...	20.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,845	...	...	20.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,355	...	...	16.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,080	...	...	7.7	...	...
85 years and over	275	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,630	...	...	94.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	800	...	...	6.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	715	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	13,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,150	...	...	15.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	710	...	...	5.1	...	...
Not suitable only	360	...	...	2.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	935	...	...	6.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	11,845	...	...	84.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	13,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	740	...	...	5.5	...	...
Not in core need	12,605	...	...	94.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,585	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	43.5	...	...	43.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	572	...	...	572	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	889	...	...	889	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	211,200	...	...	211,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,875	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	21.0	...	...	21.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.5	...	...	13.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.6	...	...	10.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	857	...	...	857	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	395	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	0	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	164	...	...	164	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	34,405	17,230	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	9,405	4,555	4,855	27.3	26.4	28.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	8,740	4,190	4,545	25.4	24.3	26.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,750	1,295	1,455	8.0	7.5	8.5
Métis single ancestry	1,675	815	865	4.9	4.7	5.0
Inuit single ancestry	4,310	2,085	2,230	12.5	12.1	13.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	670	360	305	1.9	2.1	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	55	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	195	90	100	0.6	0.5	0.6
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	355	200	155	1.0	1.2	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,325	1,600	1,725	9.7	9.3	10.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,940	1,430	1,505	8.5	8.3	8.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,145	565	580	3.3	3.3	3.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	460	215	245	1.3	1.2	1.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,335	650	680	3.9	3.8	4.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	385	175	215	1.1	1.0	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	200	70	130	0.6	0.4	0.8
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	135	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,675	11,080	10,595	63.0	64.3	61.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	34,405	17,230	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	33,430	16,745	16,685	97.2	97.2	97.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,905	3,495	3,415	20.1	20.3	19.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	26,525	13,250	13,270	77.1	76.9	77.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	980	485	490	2.8	2.8	2.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	34,405	17,230	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	32,865	16,470	16,395	95.5	95.6	95.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,265	640	625	3.7	3.7	3.6
Before 1980	180	85	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
1980 to 1990	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	70	55	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
2001 to 2010	145	65	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	835	415	420	2.4	2.4	2.4
2011 to 2015	275	140	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
2016 to 2021	560	275	285	1.6	1.6	1.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	275	120	155	0.8	0.7	0.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,265	640	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	160	80	80	12.6	12.5	12.8
5 to 14 years	210	120	90	16.6	18.8	14.4
15 to 24 years	155	95	65	12.3	14.8	10.4
25 to 44 years	675	325	355	53.4	50.8	56.8
45 years and over	65	25	35	5.1	3.9	5.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,265	640	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	110	40	70	8.7	6.3	11.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	15	0	1.6	2.3	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	55	15	35	4.3	2.3	5.6
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Europe	255	135	115	20.2	21.1	18.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.4
Germany	40	35	0	3.2	5.5	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	20	15	0	1.6	2.3	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	50	65	9.1	7.8	10.4
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	20	2.8	2.3	3.2
Africa	95	65	30	7.5	10.2	4.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Nigeria	20	15	0	1.6	2.3	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	2.0	3.1	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	2.4	3.1	1.6
Asia	810	400	410	64.0	62.5	65.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10	1.6	1.6	1.6
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	20	1.6	0.0	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	530	250	280	41.9	39.1	44.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0.0	1.6	0.0
India	130	70	65	10.3	10.9	10.4
Pakistan	20	15	10	1.6	2.3	1.6
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	30	10	3.6	4.7	1.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	565	275	290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	20	4.4	3.6	6.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	1.8	0.0	3.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	30	20	8.0	10.9	6.9
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	1.8	3.6	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.8	3.6	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	3.5	3.6	3.4
Africa	45	30	15	8.0	10.9	5.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	0	2.7	3.6	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	445	215	235	78.8	78.2	81.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	1.8	0.0	3.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	75	40	30	13.3	14.5	10.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	15	10	3.5	5.5	3.4
Philippines	320	140	180	56.6	50.9	62.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	34,405	17,230	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,595	800	800	4.6	4.6	4.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	915	510	410	2.7	3.0	2.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	31,895	15,925	15,965	92.7	92.4	93.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,080	555	530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	865	445	425	80.1	80.2	80.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	375	225	155	34.7	40.5	29.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	490	220	265	45.4	39.6	50.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	210	110	100	19.4	19.8	18.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,080	555	530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	370	175	195	34.3	31.5	36.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	25	25	4.2	4.5	4.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	15	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	650	340	305	60.2	61.3	57.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	34,410	17,235	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,470	735	730	4.3	4.3	4.3
South Asian	375	190	180	1.1	1.1	1.0
Chinese	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	115	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Filipino	740	360	375	2.2	2.1	2.2
Arab	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Asian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	32,935	16,495	16,440	95.7	95.7	95.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	34,405	17,230	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,655	3,435	3,220	19.3	19.9	18.7
English	8,380	4,180	4,205	24.4	24.3	24.5
Irish	4,155	2,055	2,100	12.1	11.9	12.2
Scottish	1,645	850	795	4.8	4.9	4.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,345	680	665	3.9	3.9	3.9
German	425	220	205	1.2	1.3	1.2
Chinese	115	50	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Italian	90	55	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indian (India)	245	110	140	0.7	0.6	0.8
Ukrainian	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dutch	135	70	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Polish	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	880	410	470	2.6	2.4	2.7
Filipino	720	345	370	2.1	2.0	2.2
French Canadian	125	50	75	0.4	0.3	0.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,205	1,100	1,100	6.4	6.4	6.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	670	305	365	1.9	1.8	2.1
Métis	2,800	1,395	1,405	8.1	8.1	8.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	625	340	285	1.8	2.0	1.7
Russian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	145	65	85	0.4	0.4	0.5
Welsh	185	95	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	130	80	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Spanish	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	105	40	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
Pakistani	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	130	60	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Danish	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	380	160	220	1.1	0.9	1.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belgian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Finnish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	1,065	495	570	3.1	2.9	3.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	2,035	1,030	1,005	5.9	6.0	5.9
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	6,105	2,945	3,160	17.7	17.1	18.4
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	1,890	925	970	5.5	5.4	5.6
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	330	175	155	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	34,410	17,235	17,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	28,835	14,115	14,725	83.8	81.9	85.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	900	470	430	2.6	2.7	2.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	8,625	4,285	4,335	25.1	24.9	25.2
Baptist	55	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catholic	8,005	3,915	4,090	23.3	22.7	23.8
Christian Orthodox	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	1,300	595	705	3.8	3.5	4.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	3,390	1,625	1,765	9.9	9.4	10.3
Presbyterian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	3,620	1,790	1,830	10.5	10.4	10.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	2,815	1,355	1,460	8.2	7.9	8.5
Hindu	130	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	205	95	110	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sikh	70	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	5,060	2,875	2,185	14.7	16.7	12.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	34,115	17,090	17,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	30,485	15,360	15,125	89.4	89.9	88.8
Movers	3,635	1,730	1,895	10.7	10.1	11.1
Non-migrants	2,190	1,005	1,185	6.4	5.9	7.0
Migrants	1,445	725	720	4.2	4.2	4.2
Internal migrants	1,370	685	680	4.0	4.0	4.0
Intraprovincial migrants	810	420	390	2.4	2.5	2.3
Interprovincial migrants	560	265	295	1.6	1.6	1.7
External migrants	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	32,740	16,340	16,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	23,070	11,520	11,545	70.5	70.5	70.4
Movers	9,675	4,825	4,850	29.6	29.5	29.6
Non-migrants	4,115	1,970	2,145	12.6	12.1	13.1
Migrants	5,555	2,850	2,705	17.0	17.4	16.5
Internal migrants	4,965	2,550	2,415	15.2	15.6	14.7
Intraprovincial migrants	3,495	1,780	1,720	10.7	10.9	10.5
Interprovincial migrants	1,465	775	695	4.5	4.7	4.2
External migrants	595	300	295	1.8	1.8	1.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,480	14,225	14,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,600	4,090	3,510	26.7	28.8	24.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,880	10,135	10,745	73.3	71.2	75.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,880	9,420	9,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,415	2,015	1,395	18.1	21.4	14.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,465	7,405	8,065	81.9	78.6	85.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,480	14,225	14,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,030	3,655	3,375	24.7	25.7	23.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,705	3,505	4,195	27.1	24.6	29.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,745	7,065	6,680	48.3	49.7	46.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,595	6,005	4,590	37.2	42.2	32.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,520	2,655	860	12.4	18.7	6.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,555	930	635	5.5	6.5	4.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,955	1,730	230	6.9	12.2	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,585	3,155	3,435	23.1	22.2	24.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	490	190	300	1.7	1.3	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,150	1,060	2,085	11.1	7.5	14.6
Bachelor's degree	2,290	750	1,540	8.0	5.3	10.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	40	95	0.5	0.3	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	615	225	385	2.2	1.6	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,880	9,415	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,025	1,730	1,295	16.0	18.4	13.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,695	2,130	2,565	24.9	22.6	27.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,160	5,555	5,605	59.1	59.0	59.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,490	4,685	3,805	45.0	49.8	40.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,695	1,980	710	14.3	21.0	7.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,195	690	500	6.3	7.3	5.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,500	1,295	205	7.9	13.8	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,440	2,560	2,880	28.8	27.2	30.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	360	145	215	1.9	1.5	2.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,675	870	1,800	14.2	9.2	19.0
Bachelor's degree	1,925	615	1,305	10.2	6.5	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	40	85	0.6	0.4	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	540	185	355	2.9	2.0	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	28,480	14,225	14,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,735	7,160	7,575	51.7	50.3	53.1
Education	895	235	665	3.1	1.7	4.7
13. Education	895	235	665	3.1	1.7	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	70	35	0.4	0.5	0.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Humanities	375	150	225	1.3	1.1	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	90	40	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	40	90	0.5	0.3	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	740	180	565	2.6	1.3	4.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	275	10	265	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	110	30	80	0.4	0.2	0.6
45. Social sciences	225	95	135	0.8	0.7	0.9
Business, management and public administration	2,540	395	2,145	8.9	2.8	15.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	25	170	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,335	375	1,965	8.2	2.6	13.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	75	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	120	195	1.1	0.8	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	120	180	1.1	0.8	1.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,740	4,145	600	16.6	29.1	4.2
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	265	205	60	0.9	1.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,090	775	315	3.8	5.4	2.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,320	1,225	95	4.6	8.6	0.7
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,540	1,460	85	5.4	10.3	0.6
48. Precision production	505	470	30	1.8	3.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	325	175	145	1.1	1.2	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	255	145	105	0.9	1.0	0.7
Health and related fields	1,665	245	1,420	5.8	1.7	10.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	50	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,535	185	1,345	5.4	1.3	9.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,870	1,285	585	6.6	9.0	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	475	90	390	1.7	0.6	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	240	170	65	0.8	1.2	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,155	1,020	135	4.1	7.2	0.9
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,880	9,420	9,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,715	3,860	3,855	40.9	41.0	40.8
Education	680	145	540	3.6	1.5	5.7
13. Education	680	145	540	3.6	1.5	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	50	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Humanities	280	90	190	1.5	1.0	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	70	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	15	85	0.5	0.2	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	680	155	525	3.6	1.6	5.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	275	10	260	1.5	0.1	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	95	25	70	0.5	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	210	90	120	1.1	1.0	1.3
Business, management and public administration	2,180	355	1,820	11.5	3.8	19.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	25	135	0.8	0.3	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,010	335	1,675	10.6	3.6	17.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	70	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	285	115	170	1.5	1.2	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	110	165	1.5	1.2	1.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,775	3,225	555	20.0	34.2	5.9
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	235	180	55	1.2	1.9	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	975	665	305	5.2	7.1	3.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,020	945	75	5.4	10.0	0.8
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,155	1,075	80	6.1	11.4	0.8
48. Precision production	380	345	35	2.0	3.7	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	140	125	1.4	1.5	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	120	95	1.1	1.3	1.0
Health and related fields	1,300	190	1,105	6.9	2.0	11.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,190	140	1,050	6.3	1.5	11.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,500	1,020	480	7.9	10.8	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	380	75	300	2.0	0.8	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	135	55	1.0	1.4	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	915	795	120	4.8	8.4	1.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	18,880	9,420	9,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,715	3,860	3,855	40.9	41.0	40.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,160	5,555	5,605	59.1	59.0	59.2
Location of study inside Canada	10,500	5,270	5,230	55.6	55.9	55.3
Same as province or territory of residence	8,395	4,240	4,150	44.5	45.0	43.9
Different than province or territory of residence	2,110	1,030	1,080	11.2	10.9	11.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	660	285	375	3.5	3.0	4.0
Americas	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
United States of America	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	105	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Africa	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Asia	465	195	265	2.5	2.1	2.8
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	305	120	185	1.6	1.3	2.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
India	80	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Pakistan	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	28,480	14,225	14,255	...	...	...
In the labour force	17,765	9,305	8,460	...	...	...
Employed	14,925	7,600	7,325	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,840	1,700	1,140	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	10,715	4,920	5,795	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.4	65.4	59.3	62.4	65.4	59.3
Employment rate	52.4	53.4	51.4	52.4	53.4	51.4
Unemployment rate	16.0	18.3	13.5	16.0	18.3	13.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	28,480	14,225	14,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,450	4,300	5,150	33.2	30.2	36.1
Worked	19,030	9,930	9,100	66.8	69.8	63.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,610	5,035	4,570	33.7	35.4	32.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,420	4,895	4,525	33.1	34.4	31.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.1	36.8	37.4	37.1	36.8	37.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	17,765	9,305	8,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	390	240	155	2.2	2.6	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	17,375	9,065	8,310	97.8	97.4	98.2
Employee	16,480	8,550	7,935	92.8	91.9	93.8
Permanent position	12,050	6,245	5,805	67.8	67.1	68.6
Temporary position	4,435	2,305	2,130	25.0	24.8	25.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	895	385	515	5.0	4.1	6.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,535	1,920	1,615	19.9	20.6	19.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	895	515	380	5.0	5.5	4.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	17,765	9,305	8,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	390	240	155	2.2	2.6	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	17,375	9,065	8,310	97.8	97.4	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	165	65	100	0.9	0.7	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,945	395	1,550	10.9	4.2	18.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	830	580	250	4.7	6.2	3.0
3 Health occupations	1,080	140	945	6.1	1.5	11.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,440	740	1,695	13.7	8.0	20.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	90	120	1.2	1.0	1.4
6 Sales and service occupations	4,005	1,290	2,715	22.5	13.9	32.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,615	4,160	455	26.0	44.7	5.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,320	1,065	250	7.4	11.4	3.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	770	535	235	4.3	5.7	2.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	17,765	9,305	8,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	390	240	155	2.2	2.6	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	17,375	9,065	8,310	97.8	97.4	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	700	555	145	3.9	6.0	1.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,785	2,145	635	15.7	23.1	7.5
22 Utilities	500	390	115	2.8	4.2	1.4
23 Construction	1,245	1,050	200	7.0	11.3	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	695	465	230	3.9	5.0	2.7
41 Wholesale trade	380	255	130	2.1	2.7	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,835	770	1,065	10.3	8.3	12.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	815	550	260	4.6	5.9	3.1
51 Information and cultural industries	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	150	30	125	0.8	0.3	1.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	125	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	360	185	175	2.0	2.0	2.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	625	320	305	3.5	3.4	3.6
61 Educational services	990	215	780	5.6	2.3	9.2
62 Health care and social assistance	2,435	355	2,080	13.7	3.8	24.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	215	120	90	1.2	1.3	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	1,060	345	710	6.0	3.7	8.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	625	290	335	3.5	3.1	4.0
91 Public administration	1,745	915	825	9.8	9.8	9.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	20,335	10,555	9,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,125	10,100	9,025	94.0	95.7	92.3
French	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	190	75	110	0.9	0.7	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	185	75	110	0.9	0.7	1.1
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	365	135	230	1.8	1.3	2.4
English and non-official language(s)	590	215	380	2.9	2.0	3.9
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	20,335	10,555	9,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,160	10,505	9,655	99.1	99.5	98.8
Official languages	19,750	10,335	9,415	97.1	97.9	96.3
English	19,660	10,290	9,370	96.7	97.5	95.9
French	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-official languages	410	170	240	2.0	1.6	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	395	160	235	1.9	1.5	2.4
Algonquian languages	375	160	220	1.8	1.5	2.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	375	160	220	1.8	1.5	2.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	375	160	220	1.8	1.5	2.3
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	50	125	0.9	0.5	1.3
English and French	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	160	50	115	0.8	0.5	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	20,335	10,555	9,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,535	10,260	9,275	96.1	97.2	94.9
English	250	105	145	1.2	1.0	1.5
French	310	110	200	1.5	1.0	2.0
Non-official language	225	70	155	1.1	0.7	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	170	45	125	0.8	0.4	1.3
Non-Indigenous	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	14,925	7,605	7,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	890	340	550	6.0	4.5	7.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,660	1,235	425	11.1	16.2	5.8
Usual place of work	12,380	6,035	6,350	82.9	79.4	86.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,380	6,030	6,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,100	4,415	4,680	73.5	73.2	73.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,820	1,315	1,500	22.8	21.8	23.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	315	185	130	2.5	3.1	2.0
Commute to a different province or territory	150	115	35	1.2	1.9	0.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	14,040	7,265	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	12,230	6,290	5,945	87.1	86.6	87.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,320	5,920	5,395	80.6	81.5	79.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	910	365	550	6.5	5.0	8.1
Public transit	95	80	15	0.7	1.1	0.2
Walked	760	310	450	5.4	4.3	6.6
Bicycle	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Other method	925	570	350	6.6	7.8	5.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	14,040	7,265	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	9,865	4,810	5,055	70.3	66.2	74.6
15 to 29 minutes	2,685	1,610	1,075	19.1	22.2	15.9
30 to 44 minutes	755	360	390	5.4	5.0	5.8
45 to 59 minutes	275	155	120	2.0	2.1	1.8
60 minutes and over	450	320	130	3.2	4.4	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	14,040	7,265	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	810	605	205	5.8	8.3	3.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,105	1,580	530	15.0	21.7	7.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,690	2,510	2,180	33.4	34.5	32.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,640	1,390	2,240	25.9	19.1	33.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,405	485	920	10.0	6.7	13.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,385	695	690	9.9	9.6	10.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	7,225	3,690	3,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	425	205	215	5.9	5.6	6.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,800	3,480	3,315	94.1	94.3	93.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,385	2,735	2,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	315	150	165	5.8	5.5	6.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	205	90	115	3.8	3.3	4.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	60	50	2.0	2.2	1.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,070	2,585	2,485	94.2	94.5	94.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table