Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,547	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	20,182	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	14,977	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,983	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,362.49	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,545	10,360	10,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,600	1,310	1,285	12.7	12.6	12.6
0 to 4 years	810	415	395	3.9	4.0	3.9
5 to 9 years	940	480	465	4.6	4.6	4.6
10 to 14 years	845	415	435	4.1	4.0	4.3
15 to 64 years	12,245	6,155	6,095	59.6	59.4	59.8
15 to 19 years	830	455	380	4.0	4.4	3.7
20 to 24 years	720	385	335	3.5	3.7	3.3
25 to 29 years	935	480	450	4.6	4.6	4.4
30 to 34 years	945	435	505	4.6	4.2	5.0
35 to 39 years	945	460	485	4.6	4.4	4.8
40 to 44 years	985	480	505	4.8	4.6	5.0
45 to 49 years	1,145	560	585	5.6	5.4	5.7
50 to 54 years	1,430	720	705	7.0	6.9	6.9
55 to 59 years	2,020	995	1,025	9.8	9.6	10.1
60 to 64 years	2,300	1,175	1,125	11.2	11.3	11.0
65 years and over	5,705	2,895	2,810	27.8	27.9	27.6
65 to 69 years	2,010	1,065	940	9.8	10.3	9.2
70 to 74 years	1,505	790	720	7.3	7.6	7.1
75 to 79 years	1,055	545	515	5.1	5.3	5.1
80 to 84 years	605	285	315	2.9	2.8	3.1
85 years and over	525	210	310	2.6	2.0	3.0
85 to 89 years	330	145	185	1.6	1.4	1.8
90 to 94 years	160	60	105	0.8	0.6	1.0
95 to 99 years	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.7	12.6	12.6	12.7	12.6	12.6
15 to 64 years	59.6	59.4	59.8	59.6	59.4	59.8
65 years and over	27.8	27.9	27.6	27.8	27.9	27.6
85 years and over	2.6	2.0	3.0	2.6	2.0	3.0
Average age of the population	48.5	48.3	48.7	48.5	48.3	48.7
Median age of the population	54.4	54.4	54.4	54.4	54.4	54.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	8,315	...	...	83.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	260	...	...	2.6	...	...
Row house	100	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	330	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	785	...	...	7.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	65	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	120	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,770	...	...	37.8	...	...
2 persons	3,915	...	...	39.2	...	...
3 persons	1,140	...	...	11.4	...	...
4 persons	770	...	...	7.7	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...	3.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,230	10,250	9,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,950	9,050	8,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,880	4,935	4,950	55.0	54.5	55.6
Married	6,010	3,000	3,010	33.5	33.1	33.8
Living common-law	3,875	1,935	1,945	21.6	21.4	21.9
Living common law - Never married	3,060	1,530	1,525	17.0	16.9	17.1
Living common law - Separated	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	645	325	325	3.6	3.6	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	130	60	75	0.7	0.7	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	8,065	4,115	3,950	44.9	45.5	44.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,010	2,835	2,175	27.9	31.3	24.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	370	220	155	2.1	2.4	1.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,340	680	660	7.5	7.5	7.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,350	385	965	7.5	4.3	10.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,970	...	...	66.3	...	...
3 persons	1,035	...	...	17.3	...	...
4 persons	695	...	...	11.6	...	...
5 or more persons	280	...	...	4.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,845	...	...	81.0	...	...
Married couples	2,910	...	...	48.7	...	...
With children⁶	755	...	...	12.6	...	...
Without children	2,150	...	...	36.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,935	...	...	32.4	...	...
With children⁶	865	...	...	14.5	...	...
Without children	1,065	...	...	17.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,145	...	...	19.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	805	...	...	13.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	335	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	20,230	10,250	9,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,335	7,660	7,675	75.8	74.7	76.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,685	4,835	4,850	47.9	47.2	48.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,140	340	805	5.6	3.3	8.1
Children⁶	4,505	2,490	2,020	22.3	24.3	20.3
In a two-parent family	2,845	1,545	1,300	14.1	15.1	13.0
In a one-parent family	1,665	945	720	8.2	9.2	7.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,895	2,590	2,305	24.2	25.3	23.1
Living alone	3,770	2,035	1,730	18.6	19.9	17.3
Living with other relatives⁷	540	235	300	2.7	2.3	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	580	315	270	2.9	3.1	2.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,445	...	...	54.5	...	...
Couple-family households	4,525	...	...	45.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,505	...	...	15.1	...	...
Without children	3,020	...	...	30.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	925	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	165	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	245	...	...	2.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	325	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	3,770	...	...	37.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	17,635	8,945	8,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,245	8,730	8,510	97.8	97.6	97.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	36,800	32,000	34,400	36,800	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,245	8,740	8,510	97.8	97.7	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	33,200	29,600	31,400	33,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,155	7,290	6,865	80.3	81.5	79.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,200	30,400	24,200	27,200	30,400	24,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,615	5,610	5,000	60.2	62.7	57.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,600	31,800	25,800	28,600	31,800	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,200	7,630	7,570	86.2	85.3	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,200	14,300	14,000	14,200	14,300	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,565	1,535	1,030	14.5	17.2	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,240	5,520	6,000	6,240	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,620	2,540	2,085	26.2	28.4	24.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,500	8,000	7,500	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	17,655	8,910	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,240	8,705	8,530	97.6	97.7	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,000	43,880	38,040	41,000	43,880	38,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,240	8,715	8,530	97.6	97.8	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,440	37,400	33,480	35,440	37,400	33,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,055	7,290	6,770	79.6	81.8	77.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,080	38,080	31,800	35,080	38,080	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,600	5,660	4,940	60.0	63.5	56.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,320	37,760	32,520	35,320	37,760	32,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,105	7,570	7,530	85.6	85.0	86.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,160	13,820	14,500	14,160	13,820	14,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,410	1,425	985	13.7	16.0	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,900	6,540	7,420	6,900	6,540	7,420
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,530	2,505	2,025	25.7	28.1	23.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,180	7,820	8,630	8,180	7,820	8,630
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	17,655	8,910	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,380	2,330	2,050	24.8	26.2	23.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	52,000	47,200	50,000	52,000	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,050	55,800	52,100	54,050	55,800	52,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,465	2,375	2,090	25.3	26.7	23.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	22,200	15,200	19,200	22,200	15,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	28,960	20,960	25,200	28,960	20,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	69.8	72.6	66.4	69.8	72.6	66.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	53.0	55.9	49.5	53.0	55.9	49.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	30.3	27.4	33.7	30.3	27.4	33.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.3	6.0	6.7	6.3	6.0	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.3	5.1	5.4	5.3	5.1	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	17,635	8,940	8,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	390	210	180	2.2	2.3	2.1
With total income	17,240	8,735	8,510	97.8	97.7	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,175	545	630	6.8	6.2	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,660	1,170	1,495	15.4	13.4	17.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,635	1,810	1,825	21.1	20.7	21.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,565	1,230	1,335	14.9	14.1	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,150	1,085	1,060	12.5	12.4	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,655	875	780	9.6	10.0	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,105	665	445	6.4	7.6	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	750	455	295	4.4	5.2	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	535	285	255	3.1	3.3	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	315	170	150	1.8	1.9	1.8
$100,000 and over	700	455	240	4.1	5.2	2.8
$100,000 to $149,999	535	345	190	3.1	3.9	2.2
$150,000 and over	165	110	50	1.0	1.3	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	17,635	8,940	8,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	385	205	180	2.2	2.3	2.1
With after-tax income	17,250	8,735	8,510	97.8	97.7	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,240	570	670	7.2	6.5	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,785	1,225	1,565	16.1	14.0	18.4
$20,000 to $29,999	4,150	2,060	2,090	24.1	23.6	24.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,075	1,560	1,515	17.8	17.9	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,435	1,260	1,175	14.1	14.4	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,530	895	630	8.9	10.2	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	900	510	390	5.2	5.8	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	440	240	200	2.6	2.7	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	265	150	115	1.5	1.7	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	165	90	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
$100,000 and over	260	175	85	1.5	2.0	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	140	85	55	0.8	1.0	0.6
$125,000 and over	120	90	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	17,635	8,940	8,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,020	3,330	3,685	39.8	37.2	42.4
With employment income	10,615	5,615	5,005	60.2	62.8	57.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,710	885	820	16.1	15.8	16.4
$5,000 to $9,999	890	405	480	8.4	7.2	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,430	690	740	13.5	12.3	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,450	715	735	13.7	12.7	14.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,200	625	580	11.3	11.1	11.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,085	560	530	10.2	10.0	10.6
$50,000 to $59,999	790	500	295	7.4	8.9	5.9
$60,000 to $69,999	625	390	240	5.9	6.9	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	435	260	180	4.1	4.6	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	335	165	170	3.2	2.9	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	200	110	90	1.9	2.0	1.8
$100,000 and over	455	320	140	4.3	5.7	2.8
$100,000 to $124,999	265	180	85	2.5	3.2	1.7
$125,000 and over	195	135	60	1.8	2.4	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	17,635	8,945	8,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,075	8,650	8,420	96.8	96.7	96.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	35,200	28,400	31,600	35,200	28,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,080	8,650	8,430	96.9	96.7	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	31,600	26,400	29,000	31,600	26,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,000	7,225	6,775	79.4	80.8	78.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	32,400	24,800	28,400	32,400	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,855	5,715	5,140	61.6	63.9	59.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	32,800	25,800	29,200	32,800	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,190	7,050	7,135	80.5	78.8	82.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	10,600	11,200	11,000	10,600	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,625	1,555	1,070	14.9	17.4	12.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,400	5,360	6,000	6,400	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	17,655	8,910	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,060	8,605	8,455	96.6	96.6	96.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,240	41,360	35,040	38,240	41,360	35,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,060	8,605	8,455	96.6	96.6	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,880	35,080	30,680	32,880	35,080	30,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,845	7,190	6,650	78.4	80.7	76.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	38,520	32,000	35,400	38,520	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,730	5,705	5,020	60.8	64.0	57.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,640	37,880	33,040	35,640	37,880	33,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,095	7,000	7,095	79.8	78.6	81.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,510	11,280	11,740	11,510	11,280	11,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,510	1,490	1,020	14.2	16.7	11.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,940	7,080	6,740	6,940	7,080	6,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	17,655	8,910	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,360	2,310	2,045	24.7	25.9	23.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	49,200	44,800	47,200	49,200	44,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,450	53,350	49,280	51,450	53,350	49,280
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,240	2,280	1,960	24.0	25.6	22.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	25,400	19,800	23,000	25,400	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	31,960	24,740	28,600	31,960	24,740
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	75.2	77.8	71.8	75.2	77.8	71.8
Employment income (%)	58.6	60.8	56.0	58.6	60.8	56.0
Government transfers (%)	24.9	22.2	28.2	24.9	22.2	28.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.7	3.0	2.3	2.7	3.0	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,800	...	...	29,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,980	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,800	...	...	70,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,250	...	...	61,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,735	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,120	...	...	40,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,040	...	...	35,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,100	...	...	89,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,900	...	...	76,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	230	...	...	2.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	270	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	815	...	...	8.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	540	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	540	...	...	5.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	630	...	...	6.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	575	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	465	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	890	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	850	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	635	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	620	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,245	...	...	22.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	9.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	555	...	...	5.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	475	...	...	4.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	275	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	240	...	...	2.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	285	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	885	...	...	8.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	605	...	...	6.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	620	...	...	6.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	750	...	...	7.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	580	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	585	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,075	...	...	10.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	875	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	725	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	580	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	510	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,480	...	...	14.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	785	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	335	...	...	3.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	365	...	...	3.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,645	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,355	2,355	2,000	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	33,200	30,400	32,000	33,200	30,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	31,000	28,000	29,400	31,000	28,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...	88,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,600	...	...	76,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,030	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,300	...	...	81,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,660	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,400	...	...	121,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,200	...	...	104,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,095	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,500	...	...	61,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,350	2,310	2,045	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	41,200	37,800	39,600	41,200	37,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,640	35,600	33,520	34,640	35,600	33,520
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	20,225	10,255	9,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,120	1,600	1,520	15.4	15.6	15.2
0 to 5 years	995	490	500	4.9	4.8	5.0
18 to 64 years	11,645	5,820	5,825	57.6	56.8	58.4
65 years and over	5,465	2,835	2,630	27.0	27.6	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,770	1,870	1,905	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	585	310	275	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	190	95	95	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,730	840	890	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,460	725	735	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.6	18.2	19.1	18.6	18.2	19.1
0 to 17 years (%)	18.7	19.2	18.2	18.7	19.2	18.2
0 to 5 years (%)	19.0	19.2	18.8	19.0	19.2	18.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	14.4	15.3	14.8	14.4	15.3
65 years and over (%)	26.7	25.6	27.9	26.7	25.6	27.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,030	9,695	9,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,840	1,455	1,390	14.9	15.0	14.9
0 to 5 years	905	450	455	4.8	4.6	4.9
18 to 64 years	10,945	5,510	5,440	57.5	56.8	58.3
65 years and over	5,240	2,735	2,510	27.5	28.2	26.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	650	335	320	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	30	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	505	275	235	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	35	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	1.9	2.9	2.4	1.9	2.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	1.2	3.2	2.2	1.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.9	4.4	4.6	4.9	4.4
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.3	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	20,230	10,255	9,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	13,635	6,810	6,825	67.4	66.4	68.4
In bottom decile	3,075	1,540	1,535	15.2	15.0	15.4
In second decile	3,180	1,560	1,620	15.7	15.2	16.2
In third decile	2,725	1,360	1,360	13.5	13.3	13.6
In fourth decile	2,525	1,250	1,270	12.5	12.2	12.7
In fifth decile	2,135	1,095	1,035	10.6	10.7	10.4
In top half of the distribution	6,595	3,445	3,150	32.6	33.6	31.6
In sixth decile	1,965	1,040	925	9.7	10.1	9.3
In seventh decile	1,720	905	815	8.5	8.8	8.2
In eighth decile	1,270	645	620	6.3	6.3	6.2
In ninth decile	1,005	510	490	5.0	5.0	4.9
In top decile	635	340	295	3.1	3.3	3.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	20,230	...	...	20,230	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.310	...	...	0.310	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.495	...	...	0.495	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	20,305	10,295	10,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,895	960	935	9.3	9.3	9.3
French only	9,820	4,720	5,100	48.4	45.8	50.9
English and French	8,585	4,610	3,970	42.3	44.8	39.7
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	20,305	10,295	10,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,405	1,740	1,665	16.8	16.9	16.6
French	16,690	8,445	8,245	82.2	82.0	82.4
English and French	200	105	95	1.0	1.0	0.9
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	20,305	10,295	10,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,695	9,965	9,735	97.0	96.8	97.3
Official languages	19,370	9,815	9,560	95.4	95.3	95.5
English	2,985	1,530	1,455	14.7	14.9	14.5
French	16,390	8,285	8,100	80.7	80.5	80.9
Non-official languages	325	150	175	1.6	1.5	1.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	140	55	80	0.7	0.5	0.8
Algonquian languages	140	55	80	0.7	0.5	0.8
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	135	55	75	0.7	0.5	0.7
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	130	55	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	95	95	0.9	0.9	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	60	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	610	330	275	3.0	3.2	2.7
English and French	510	275	235	2.5	2.7	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	20,305	10,295	10,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,905	1,495	1,410	14.3	14.5	14.1
French	15,695	7,945	7,755	77.3	77.2	77.5
Non-official language	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,380	705	670	6.8	6.8	6.7
English and non-official language(s)	145	60	85	0.7	0.6	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	20,305	10,295	10,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,830	10,060	9,775	97.7	97.7	97.7
Official languages	19,750	10,020	9,730	97.3	97.3	97.2
English	3,320	1,690	1,630	16.4	16.4	16.3
French	16,425	8,330	8,100	80.9	80.9	80.9
Non-official languages	85	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	475	235	235	2.3	2.3	2.3
English and French	410	220	195	2.0	2.1	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	20,305	10,295	10,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,100	9,690	9,410	94.1	94.1	94.0
English	695	355	340	3.4	3.4	3.4
French	315	155	160	1.6	1.5	1.6
Non-official language	115	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	65	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	20,225	10,240	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	20,210	10,235	9,980	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	10,375	5,595	4,780	51.3	54.6	47.9
French	18,445	9,305	9,140	91.2	90.9	91.5
Non-official languages	825	405	420	4.1	4.0	4.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	310	135	175	1.5	1.3	1.8
Algonquian languages	305	130	175	1.5	1.3	1.8
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	300	125	170	1.5	1.2	1.7
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	290	125	165	1.4	1.2	1.7
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	515	270	245	2.5	2.6	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	390	210	180	1.9	2.1	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
German	50	40	15	0.2	0.4	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	285	140	140	1.4	1.4	1.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Spanish	220	95	125	1.1	0.9	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,230	10,240	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,815	1,915	1,900	18.9	18.7	19.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,690	1,855	1,835	18.2	18.1	18.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,965	975	990	9.7	9.5	9.9
Métis	1,720	880	845	8.5	8.6	8.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	16,415	8,330	8,085	81.1	81.3	81.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,230	10,240	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,665	805	860	8.2	7.9	8.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,565	9,440	9,120	91.8	92.2	91.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,565	...	...	75.8	...	...
Renter	2,315	...	...	23.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	105	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	375	...	...	3.8	...	...
Not condominium	9,610	...	...	96.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,055	...	...	10.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,655	...	...	36.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,720	...	...	37.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,530	...	...	15.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,515	...	...	25.2	...	...
5 rooms	2,315	...	...	23.2	...	...
6 rooms	1,945	...	...	19.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,235	...	...	12.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,975	...	...	19.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,955	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,755	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	230	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,410	...	...	24.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,420	...	...	34.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,445	...	...	14.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,200	...	...	12.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	300	...	...	3.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	515	...	...	5.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	360	...	...	3.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	335	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,955	...	...	89.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,030	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,040	...	...	60.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,730	...	...	37.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	210	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	850	...	...	8.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,185	...	...	11.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,515	...	...	15.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,505	...	...	25.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,350	...	...	23.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,065	...	...	10.7	...	...
85 years and over	320	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,225	...	...	89.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,020	...	...	11.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	915	...	...	9.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,110	...	...	21.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	905	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	870	...	...	8.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	100	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,875	...	...	78.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	825	...	...	9.0	...	...
Not in core need	8,315	...	...	91.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,055	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.7	...	...	47.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.4	...	...	7.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	552	...	...	552	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	720	...	...	720	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,200	...	...	200,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,225	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.3	...	...	15.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.7	...	...	18.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.3	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	576	...	...	576	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	579	...	...	579	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	105	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	9.5	...	...	9.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	332	...	...	332	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	395	...	...	395	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	20,230	10,245	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	3,815	1,955	1,865	18.9	19.1	18.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	3,755	1,925	1,830	18.6	18.8	18.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,935	1,525	1,405	14.5	14.9	14.1
Métis single ancestry	815	390	425	4.0	3.8	4.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,885	950	935	9.3	9.3	9.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,855	940	920	9.2	9.2	9.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,600	790	810	7.9	7.7	8.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	255	150	105	1.3	1.5	1.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,520	7,340	7,185	71.8	71.6	72.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	20,230	10,245	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,120	10,180	9,945	99.5	99.4	99.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,170	1,640	1,530	15.7	16.0	15.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,955	8,540	8,420	83.8	83.4	84.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	110	65	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	20,230	10,245	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,815	10,030	9,785	97.9	97.9	98.0
Immigrants⁸¹	370	190	175	1.8	1.9	1.8
Before 1980	110	60	55	0.5	0.6	0.6
1980 to 1990	50	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
1991 to 2000	60	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
2001 to 2010	80	25	45	0.4	0.2	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	50	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
2011 to 2015	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
2016 to 2021	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	370	190	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	45	25	20	12.2	13.2	11.1
5 to 14 years	50	25	20	13.5	13.2	11.1
15 to 24 years	45	20	25	12.2	10.5	13.9
25 to 44 years	170	95	80	45.9	50.0	44.4
45 years and over	60	30	35	16.2	15.8	19.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	370	190	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	155	75	85	41.9	39.5	47.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	10	20	8.1	5.3	11.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	90	45	50	24.3	23.7	27.8
Other places of birth in Americas	20	20	0	5.4	10.5	0.0
Europe	160	95	65	43.2	50.0	36.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	55	25	35	14.9	13.2	19.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	20	0	6.8	10.5	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10	4.1	5.3	5.6
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	8.1	5.3	8.3
Africa	20	0	20	5.4	0.0	11.1
Algeria	10	0	10	2.7	0.0	5.6
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	25	15	15	6.8	7.9	8.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	25	0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	15	0	60.0	60.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	20,225	10,240	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	515	270	245	2.5	2.6	2.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	490	240	250	2.4	2.3	2.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	19,225	9,735	9,490	95.1	95.1	95.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	260	130	125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	130	50	70	50.0	38.5	56.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	80	25	55	30.8	19.2	44.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45	30	15	17.3	23.1	12.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	110	70	45	42.3	53.8	36.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	3.8	7.7	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	260	130	125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	15	15	13.5	11.5	12.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	10	5.8	7.7	8.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	195	100	90	75.0	76.9	72.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	20,230	10,240	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	195	100	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
South Asian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latin American	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	20,035	10,145	9,890	99.0	99.1	99.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	20,230	10,245	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,790	2,825	2,965	28.6	27.6	29.7
English	765	420	350	3.8	4.1	3.5
Irish	2,320	1,185	1,140	11.5	11.6	11.4
Scottish	595	270	325	2.9	2.6	3.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,430	2,320	2,110	21.9	22.6	21.1
German	415	225	195	2.1	2.2	2.0
Chinese	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italian	125	55	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Indian (India)	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ukrainian	105	60	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Dutch	75	45	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Polish	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Québécois	2,230	1,120	1,110	11.0	10.9	11.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	1,535	825	715	7.6	8.1	7.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	360	145	220	1.8	1.4	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,490	775	715	7.4	7.6	7.2
Métis	1,170	585	585	5.8	5.7	5.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	315	150	155	1.6	1.5	1.6
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.3
Portuguese	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Spanish	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hungarian	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Acadian	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jewish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Greek	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	50	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Lebanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	115	65	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Danish	60	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	640	335	305	3.2	3.3	3.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	85	45	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swiss	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	165	65	100	0.8	0.6	1.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	2,055	1,075	985	10.2	10.5	9.9
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	60	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	145	60	85	0.7	0.6	0.9
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Norman	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	20,230	10,240	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	14,770	7,380	7,390	73.0	72.1	74.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	610	270	345	3.0	2.6	3.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	285	135	150	1.4	1.3	1.5
Baptist	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catholic	13,195	6,640	6,555	65.2	64.8	65.6
Christian Orthodox	65	45	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	170	80	95	0.8	0.8	1.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	170	55	110	0.8	0.5	1.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Muslim	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	215	75	140	1.1	0.7	1.4
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	5,100	2,725	2,380	25.2	26.6	23.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	20,100	10,165	9,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,370	9,325	9,050	91.4	91.7	91.1
Movers	1,725	835	890	8.6	8.2	9.0
Non-migrants	750	380	365	3.7	3.7	3.7
Migrants	980	455	520	4.9	4.5	5.2
Internal migrants	930	430	500	4.6	4.2	5.0
Intraprovincial migrants	825	385	440	4.1	3.8	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	100	45	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
External migrants	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	19,405	9,770	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,270	6,815	6,455	68.4	69.8	67.0
Movers	6,135	2,960	3,180	31.6	30.3	33.0
Non-migrants	1,610	780	825	8.3	8.0	8.6
Migrants	4,525	2,175	2,350	23.3	22.3	24.4
Internal migrants	4,440	2,130	2,310	22.9	21.8	24.0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,075	1,945	2,135	21.0	19.9	22.2
Interprovincial migrants	365	190	175	1.9	1.9	1.8
External migrants	85	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,655	8,910	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,100	3,470	2,625	34.6	38.9	30.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,555	5,440	6,115	65.4	61.1	69.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,565	5,270	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,835	1,730	1,105	26.8	32.8	20.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,730	3,535	4,200	73.2	67.1	79.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,650	8,905	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,290	2,925	2,370	30.0	32.8	27.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,045	1,910	2,135	22.9	21.4	24.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,315	4,075	4,240	47.1	45.8	48.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,705	3,445	3,255	38.0	38.7	37.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,910	2,345	1,555	22.2	26.3	17.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,685	1,415	1,270	15.2	15.9	14.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,225	930	285	6.9	10.4	3.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,455	980	1,480	13.9	11.0	16.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	340	120	225	1.9	1.3	2.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,610	630	980	9.1	7.1	11.2
Bachelor's degree	1,135	410	725	6.4	4.6	8.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	70	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Master's degree	285	115	170	1.6	1.3	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,570	5,265	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,335	1,420	920	22.1	27.0	17.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,280	1,095	1,190	21.6	20.8	22.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,955	2,760	3,195	56.3	52.4	60.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,835	2,420	2,420	45.7	46.0	45.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,825	1,620	1,205	26.7	30.8	22.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,940	955	990	18.4	18.1	18.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	885	665	215	8.4	12.6	4.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,810	725	1,085	17.1	13.8	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	70	130	1.9	1.3	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,115	345	775	10.5	6.6	14.6
Bachelor's degree	795	225	570	7.5	4.3	10.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	40	60	0.9	0.8	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Master's degree	205	75	135	1.9	1.4	2.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,655	8,910	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,340	4,835	4,505	52.9	54.3	51.5
Education	610	180	430	3.5	2.0	4.9
13. Education	610	180	430	3.5	2.0	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	60	85	0.8	0.7	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	45	80	0.7	0.5	0.9
Humanities	195	65	130	1.1	0.7	1.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	40	85	0.7	0.4	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	605	165	440	3.4	1.9	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	30	170	1.1	0.3	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	105	20	80	0.6	0.2	0.9
45. Social sciences	170	65	100	1.0	0.7	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,775	360	1,410	10.1	4.0	16.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	10	100	0.6	0.1	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,665	355	1,310	9.4	4.0	15.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	65	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	145	45	1.1	1.6	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	140	30	1.0	1.6	0.3
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,040	1,935	105	11.6	21.7	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	110	105	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	250	25	1.6	2.8	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	710	695	15	4.0	7.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	560	555	10	3.2	6.2	0.1
48. Precision production	315	300	15	1.8	3.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	425	340	90	2.4	3.8	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	120	55	1.0	1.3	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	250	220	30	1.4	2.5	0.3
Health and related fields	1,250	175	1,070	7.1	2.0	12.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,190	135	1,055	6.7	1.5	12.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	990	575	410	5.6	6.5	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	530	170	360	3.0	1.9	4.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	130	110	25	0.7	1.2	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	320	300	25	1.8	3.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,565	5,270	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,615	2,515	2,100	43.7	47.7	39.6
Education	375	70	300	3.5	1.3	5.7
13. Education	375	70	300	3.5	1.3	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	50	55	1.0	0.9	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	35	50	0.9	0.7	0.9
Humanities	130	50	80	1.2	0.9	1.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	25	45	0.6	0.5	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	435	105	330	4.1	2.0	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	25	125	1.4	0.5	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	50	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	65	10	55	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	120	45	75	1.1	0.9	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,315	250	1,060	12.4	4.7	20.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	10	85	0.9	0.2	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,215	245	975	11.5	4.6	18.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	100	30	1.2	1.9	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	100	15	1.1	1.9	0.3
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,445	1,345	100	13.7	25.5	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
14. Engineering	65	65	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	195	170	25	1.8	3.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	490	475	15	4.6	9.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	415	410	10	3.9	7.8	0.2
48. Precision production	220	210	15	2.1	4.0	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	245	65	2.9	4.6	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	75	35	1.0	1.4	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	170	30	1.9	3.2	0.6
Health and related fields	935	110	825	8.8	2.1	15.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	880	70	810	8.3	1.3	15.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	720	395	325	6.8	7.5	6.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	375	80	295	3.5	1.5	5.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	110	90	20	1.0	1.7	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	225	10	2.3	4.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,565	5,270	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,615	2,515	2,100	43.7	47.7	39.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,955	2,755	3,195	56.4	52.3	60.3
Location of study inside Canada	5,860	2,710	3,150	55.5	51.4	59.4
Same as province or territory of residence	4,760	2,175	2,590	45.1	41.3	48.9
Different than province or territory of residence	1,095	530	565	10.4	10.1	10.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	95	50	45	0.9	0.9	0.8
Americas	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
United States of America	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	35	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	17,650	8,905	8,745	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,140	4,840	4,300	...	...	...
Employed	8,215	4,290	3,925	...	...	...
Unemployed	920	545	375	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,520	4,070	4,445	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.8	54.4	49.2	51.8	54.4	49.2
Employment rate	46.5	48.2	44.9	46.5	48.2	44.9
Unemployment rate	10.1	11.3	8.7	10.1	11.3	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	17,655	8,910	8,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,275	3,905	4,370	46.9	43.8	50.0
Worked	9,380	5,005	4,375	53.1	56.2	50.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,610	2,425	2,185	26.1	27.2	25.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,770	2,575	2,190	27.0	28.9	25.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	40.0	40.3	40.1	40.0	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,140	4,835	4,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	240	115	120	2.6	2.4	2.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,895	4,715	4,175	97.3	97.5	97.1
Employee	7,505	3,860	3,650	82.1	79.8	84.9
Permanent position	5,975	3,025	2,955	65.4	62.6	68.7
Temporary position	1,530	835	695	16.7	17.3	16.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	410	170	235	4.5	3.5	5.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,125	665	460	12.3	13.8	10.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,390	860	530	15.2	17.8	12.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,140	4,835	4,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	240	115	120	2.6	2.4	2.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,895	4,715	4,175	97.3	97.5	97.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	150	95	60	1.6	2.0	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,265	255	1,005	13.8	5.3	23.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	360	275	85	3.9	5.7	2.0
3 Health occupations	635	50	585	6.9	1.0	13.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,180	265	910	12.9	5.5	21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	170	90	85	1.9	1.9	2.0
6 Sales and service occupations	2,110	975	1,135	23.1	20.2	26.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,215	2,065	155	24.2	42.7	3.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	475	380	100	5.2	7.9	2.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	330	270	60	3.6	5.6	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,140	4,835	4,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	240	115	120	2.6	2.4	2.8
All industries¹⁹¹	8,895	4,715	4,175	97.3	97.5	97.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	520	395	125	5.7	8.2	2.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	110	0	1.3	2.3	0.0
22 Utilities	75	75	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
23 Construction	930	855	75	10.2	17.7	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	615	510	105	6.7	10.5	2.4
41 Wholesale trade	90	80	10	1.0	1.7	0.2
44-45 Retail trade	1,195	635	555	13.1	13.1	12.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	460	315	145	5.0	6.5	3.4
51 Information and cultural industries	75	45	30	0.8	0.9	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	90	30	60	1.0	0.6	1.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	35	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	280	125	160	3.1	2.6	3.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	280	185	95	3.1	3.8	2.2
61 Educational services	650	165	490	7.1	3.4	11.4
62 Health care and social assistance	1,360	170	1,190	14.9	3.5	27.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	220	135	85	2.4	2.8	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	575	255	325	6.3	5.3	7.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	455	235	215	5.0	4.9	5.0
91 Public administration	845	360	485	9.2	7.4	11.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,030	5,365	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,215	640	575	12.1	11.9	12.3
French	6,535	3,535	3,000	65.2	65.9	64.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,220	1,165	1,055	22.1	21.7	22.6
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,030	5,365	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,565	5,080	4,485	95.4	94.7	96.0
Official languages	9,550	5,080	4,475	95.2	94.7	95.8
English	1,725	910	815	17.2	17.0	17.5
French	7,830	4,170	3,655	78.1	77.7	78.3
Non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	470	280	185	4.7	5.2	4.0
English and French	460	280	180	4.6	5.2	3.9
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,030	5,365	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,215	4,460	3,755	81.9	83.1	80.4
English	1,285	625	660	12.8	11.6	14.1
French	485	255	225	4.8	4.8	4.8
Non-official language	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,215	4,285	3,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,210	505	700	14.7	11.8	17.8
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,340	1,105	230	16.3	25.8	5.9
Usual place of work	5,660	2,675	2,985	68.9	62.4	76.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,660	2,670	2,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,045	920	1,125	36.1	34.5	37.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,500	1,160	1,340	44.2	43.4	44.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	855	440	415	15.1	16.5	13.9
Commute to a different province or territory	260	145	110	4.6	5.4	3.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,995	3,780	3,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,465	3,460	3,005	92.4	91.5	93.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,075	3,265	2,815	86.8	86.4	87.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	390	200	190	5.6	5.3	5.9
Public transit	65	25	45	0.9	0.7	1.4
Walked	290	165	130	4.1	4.4	4.0
Bicycle	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Other method	150	120	30	2.1	3.2	0.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,995	3,780	3,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,815	1,335	1,480	40.2	35.3	46.0
15 to 29 minutes	1,965	975	990	28.1	25.8	30.7
30 to 44 minutes	860	545	315	12.3	14.4	9.8
45 to 59 minutes	360	200	160	5.1	5.3	5.0
60 minutes and over	990	720	270	14.2	19.0	8.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,995	3,780	3,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	770	635	125	11.0	16.8	3.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,230	790	445	17.6	20.9	13.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,415	1,215	1,200	34.5	32.1	37.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,255	500	755	17.9	13.2	23.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	450	160	290	6.4	4.2	9.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	875	475	400	12.5	12.6	12.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,175	1,620	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	920	480	440	29.0	29.6	28.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,250	1,140	1,110	70.9	70.4	71.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,290	1,175	1,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	660	365	300	28.8	31.1	26.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	510	300	220	22.3	25.5	19.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	145	65	80	6.3	5.5	7.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,630	810	820	71.2	68.9	73.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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