Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	La Tuque, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,038	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	15,059	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.1	...	...	- 0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,394	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,643	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.6	...	...	0.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	26,031.84	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,040	7,750	7,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,635	1,375	1,265	17.5	17.7	17.4
0 to 4 years	835	420	410	5.6	5.4	5.6
5 to 9 years	855	460	395	5.7	5.9	5.4
10 to 14 years	945	490	460	6.3	6.3	6.3
15 to 64 years	8,955	4,630	4,325	59.5	59.7	59.3
15 to 19 years	850	450	400	5.7	5.8	5.5
20 to 24 years	685	340	340	4.6	4.4	4.7
25 to 29 years	760	400	360	5.1	5.2	4.9
30 to 34 years	825	415	410	5.5	5.4	5.6
35 to 39 years	820	440	385	5.5	5.7	5.3
40 to 44 years	885	460	425	5.9	5.9	5.8
45 to 49 years	800	440	365	5.3	5.7	5.0
50 to 54 years	870	430	445	5.8	5.5	6.1
55 to 59 years	1,090	550	545	7.2	7.1	7.5
60 to 64 years	1,370	715	655	9.1	9.2	9.0
65 years and over	3,450	1,740	1,700	22.9	22.5	23.3
65 to 69 years	1,065	585	485	7.1	7.5	6.7
70 to 74 years	900	460	440	6.0	5.9	6.0
75 to 79 years	650	325	325	4.3	4.2	4.5
80 to 84 years	425	220	210	2.8	2.8	2.9
85 years and over	405	160	245	2.7	2.1	3.4
85 to 89 years	265	115	155	1.8	1.5	2.1
90 to 94 years	105	30	75	0.7	0.4	1.0
95 to 99 years	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	17.7	17.4	17.5	17.7	17.4
15 to 64 years	59.5	59.7	59.3	59.5	59.7	59.3
65 years and over	22.9	22.5	23.3	22.9	22.5	23.3
85 years and over	2.7	2.1	3.4	2.7	2.1	3.4
Average age of the population	43.7	43.3	44.1	43.7	43.3	44.1
Median age of the population	45.2	44.8	45.6	45.2	44.8	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,155	...	...	62.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	260	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	75	...	...	1.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	820	...	...	12.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,250	...	...	18.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,505	...	...	37.7	...	...
2 persons	2,360	...	...	35.5	...	...
3 persons	690	...	...	10.4	...	...
4 persons	535	...	...	8.1	...	...
5 or more persons	555	...	...	8.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,795	7,655	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,400	6,370	6,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,990	3,495	3,495	56.4	54.9	58.0
Married	3,320	1,675	1,645	26.8	26.3	27.3
Living common-law	3,670	1,820	1,850	29.6	28.6	30.7
Living common law - Never married	2,990	1,485	1,505	24.1	23.3	25.0
Living common law - Separated	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	555	280	275	4.5	4.4	4.6
Living common law - Widowed	90	35	55	0.7	0.5	0.9
Not married and not living common-law	5,410	2,880	2,530	43.6	45.2	42.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,675	2,155	1,525	29.6	33.8	25.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	165	80	85	1.3	1.3	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	780	405	370	6.3	6.4	6.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	790	245	550	6.4	3.8	9.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,480	...	...	59.5	...	...
3 persons	755	...	...	18.1	...	...
4 persons	530	...	...	12.7	...	...
5 or more persons	400	...	...	9.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,445	...	...	82.7	...	...
Married couples	1,605	...	...	38.5	...	...
With children⁶	445	...	...	10.7	...	...
Without children	1,160	...	...	27.9	...	...
Common-law couples	1,835	...	...	44.1	...	...
With children⁶	920	...	...	22.1	...	...
Without children	915	...	...	22.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	725	...	...	17.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	470	...	...	11.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	250	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	14,790	7,655	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	11,585	5,845	5,740	78.3	76.4	80.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,885	3,425	3,460	46.6	44.7	48.5
Parents in one-parent families	725	255	470	4.9	3.3	6.6
Children⁶	3,975	2,165	1,810	26.9	28.3	25.4
In a two-parent family	2,750	1,485	1,265	18.6	19.4	17.7
In a one-parent family	1,225	680	545	8.3	8.9	7.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,210	1,810	1,400	21.7	23.6	19.6
Living alone	2,505	1,445	1,060	16.9	18.9	14.8
Living with other relatives⁷	485	255	235	3.3	3.3	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	220	115	105	1.5	1.5	1.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,640	...	...	54.8	...	...
Couple-family households	3,125	...	...	47.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,185	...	...	17.8	...	...
Without children	1,940	...	...	29.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	510	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	170	...	...	2.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	150	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	135	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	2,505	...	...	37.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,155	6,280	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,680	6,035	5,645	96.1	96.1	96.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,800	31,800	37,600	42,800	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,680	6,035	5,645	96.1	96.1	96.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,400	29,200	34,000	38,400	29,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,800	5,280	4,520	80.6	84.1	76.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	35,600	23,800	30,000	35,600	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,425	4,035	3,395	61.1	64.3	57.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	28,400	32,800	37,600	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,980	4,975	5,000	82.1	79.2	85.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	12,400	13,000	12,700	12,400	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,780	990	795	14.6	15.8	13.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,400	5,520	5,120	5,400	5,520	5,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,120	1,710	1,410	25.7	27.2	24.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,690	6,035	5,655	96.1	96.0	96.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,520	47,680	37,040	42,520	47,680	37,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,690	6,035	5,655	96.1	96.0	96.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,760	40,440	32,840	36,760	40,440	32,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,845	5,300	4,550	81.0	84.3	77.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,000	42,800	30,240	37,000	42,800	30,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,420	4,055	3,370	61.0	64.5	57.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,280	43,360	34,320	39,280	43,360	34,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,000	4,960	5,040	82.2	78.9	85.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,300	12,310	14,260	13,300	12,310	14,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,730	975	755	14.2	15.5	12.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,680	6,840	6,460	6,680	6,840	6,460
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,190	1,700	1,490	26.2	27.0	25.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,650	7,290	8,050	7,650	7,290	8,050
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,485	2,000	1,485	28.7	31.8	25.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	59,200	47,600	53,200	59,200	47,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,800	62,000	52,150	57,800	62,000	52,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,695	1,340	1,355	22.2	21.3	23.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	21,800	15,100	18,200	21,800	15,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,240	29,920	22,660	26,240	29,920	22,660
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.2	78.8	65.6	73.2	78.8	65.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.6	61.1	55.2	58.6	61.1	55.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.8	21.2	34.3	26.8	21.2	34.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	5.0	7.2	5.9	5.0	7.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.3	5.7	4.9	4.3	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	475	245	235	3.9	3.9	4.0
With total income	11,680	6,040	5,640	96.1	96.1	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,080	485	595	9.2	8.0	10.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,575	620	955	13.5	10.3	16.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,980	870	1,110	17.0	14.4	19.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,620	800	825	13.9	13.2	14.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,635	915	720	14.0	15.1	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,175	650	525	10.1	10.8	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	720	450	270	6.2	7.5	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	565	360	205	4.8	6.0	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	470	310	160	4.0	5.1	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	320	205	115	2.7	3.4	2.0
$100,000 and over	540	375	165	4.6	6.2	2.9
$100,000 to $149,999	450	315	135	3.9	5.2	2.4
$150,000 and over	90	60	30	0.8	1.0	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	475	245	230	3.9	3.9	3.9
With after-tax income	11,685	6,040	5,645	96.1	96.1	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,140	495	645	9.8	8.2	11.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,605	640	960	13.7	10.6	17.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,310	1,020	1,285	19.8	16.9	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,030	1,075	960	17.4	17.8	17.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,790	1,065	725	15.3	17.6	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,040	625	410	8.9	10.3	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	760	495	260	6.5	8.2	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	465	280	185	4.0	4.6	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	260	165	95	2.2	2.7	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	110	70	40	0.9	1.2	0.7
$100,000 and over	185	110	75	1.6	1.8	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	120	75	45	1.0	1.2	0.8
$125,000 and over	65	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,735	2,250	2,485	38.9	35.8	42.3
With employment income	7,425	4,030	3,390	61.1	64.1	57.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,040	575	465	14.0	14.3	13.7
$5,000 to $9,999	640	290	350	8.6	7.2	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,015	490	525	13.7	12.2	15.5
$20,000 to $29,999	805	380	430	10.8	9.4	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	805	385	415	10.8	9.6	12.2
$40,000 to $49,999	755	385	370	10.2	9.6	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	540	315	225	7.3	7.8	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	445	270	175	6.0	6.7	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	400	270	135	5.4	6.7	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	345	205	145	4.6	5.1	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	220	160	65	3.0	4.0	1.9
$100,000 and over	410	310	100	5.5	7.7	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	275	220	55	3.7	5.5	1.6
$125,000 and over	135	90	40	1.8	2.2	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,155	6,280	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,480	5,910	5,570	94.4	94.1	94.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,200	27,600	34,400	41,200	27,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,490	5,910	5,580	94.5	94.1	95.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	36,800	26,000	31,600	36,800	26,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,635	5,160	4,475	79.3	82.2	76.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,200	24,800	31,400	37,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,480	4,000	3,475	61.5	63.7	59.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,200	33,200	38,400	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,245	4,525	4,715	76.1	72.1	80.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,000	10,300	9,600	9,000	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,825	1,055	770	15.0	16.8	13.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,640	5,200	4,120	4,640	5,200	4,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,495	5,925	5,570	94.5	94.3	94.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,720	45,600	33,480	39,720	45,600	33,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,505	5,925	5,585	94.6	94.3	95.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,080	38,360	29,560	34,080	38,360	29,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,630	5,170	4,465	79.2	82.3	76.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,240	43,680	29,720	37,240	43,680	29,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,490	4,045	3,445	61.6	64.4	58.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,000	44,160	32,920	39,000	44,160	32,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,240	4,555	4,685	76.0	72.5	79.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,630	9,740	11,500	10,630	9,740	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,820	1,040	780	15.0	16.5	13.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,720	6,800	6,620	6,720	6,800	6,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,485	1,985	1,500	28.7	31.6	25.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	56,000	42,400	48,800	56,000	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,900	60,800	47,120	54,900	60,800	47,120
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,545	1,265	1,285	20.9	20.1	21.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	27,000	19,200	23,200	27,000	19,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,040	34,700	25,480	30,040	34,700	25,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.4	83.6	71.2	78.4	83.6	71.2
Employment income (%)	64.0	66.2	60.8	64.0	66.2	60.8
Government transfers (%)	21.5	16.4	28.9	21.5	16.4	28.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.7	2.6	2.8	2.7	2.6	2.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,645	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	31,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,645	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,900	...	...	74,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,700	...	...	64,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,440	...	...	40,440	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,600	...	...	34,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,135	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,700	...	...	95,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,900	...	...	82,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	505	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	305	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	305	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	375	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	360	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	645	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	530	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	430	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	380	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,655	...	...	24.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	630	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	390	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	450	...	...	6.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	185	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	535	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	375	...	...	5.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	360	...	...	5.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	430	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	445	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	370	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	715	...	...	10.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	585	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	505	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	405	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	310	...	...	4.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,195	...	...	18.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	575	...	...	8.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	4.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	295	...	...	4.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,060	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,955	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,375	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	600	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,725	1,560	1,165	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	39,200	28,400	33,600	39,200	28,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	34,800	27,400	31,000	34,800	27,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,700	...	...	95,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,900	...	...	82,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,700	...	...	82,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,900	...	...	70,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,100	...	...	127,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,600	...	...	109,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	565	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,800	...	...	66,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,735	1,600	1,135	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	43,160	35,600	40,000	43,160	35,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,280	36,240	31,500	34,280	36,240	31,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	14,795	7,660	7,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,180	1,660	1,520	21.5	21.7	21.3
0 to 5 years	1,015	520	495	6.9	6.8	6.9
18 to 64 years	8,340	4,310	4,030	56.4	56.3	56.5
65 years and over	3,275	1,685	1,585	22.1	22.0	22.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,570	1,265	1,305	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	605	310	300	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	225	105	120	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,210	645	560	...	...	...
65 years and over	755	310	445	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.4	16.6	18.3	17.4	16.6	18.3
0 to 17 years (%)	19.1	18.6	19.6	19.1	18.6	19.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.0	20.4	23.6	22.0	20.4	23.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.5	15.0	13.9	14.5	15.0	13.9
65 years and over (%)	23.1	18.4	28.1	23.1	18.4	28.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,670	6,015	5,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,930	995	940	16.5	16.5	16.6
0 to 5 years	635	310	325	5.4	5.2	5.7
18 to 64 years	6,650	3,435	3,220	57.0	57.1	56.9
65 years and over	3,090	1,595	1,495	26.5	26.5	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	360	190	170	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	35	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	260	145	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	10	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.1	3.0	3.1	3.1	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.5	3.2	4.0	3.5	3.2	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	5.0	5.0	5.2	5.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.3	3.6	4.0	4.3	3.6
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.6	1.2	0.9	0.6	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	14,795	7,655	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,595	4,940	4,655	64.9	64.5	65.2
In bottom decile	2,060	1,020	1,040	13.9	13.3	14.6
In second decile	2,195	1,070	1,120	14.8	14.0	15.7
In third decile	1,865	995	870	12.6	13.0	12.2
In fourth decile	1,870	985	885	12.6	12.9	12.4
In fifth decile	1,605	870	735	10.8	11.4	10.3
In top half of the distribution	5,200	2,715	2,480	35.1	35.5	34.7
In sixth decile	1,415	720	695	9.6	9.4	9.7
In seventh decile	1,385	745	640	9.4	9.7	9.0
In eighth decile	1,165	615	550	7.9	8.0	7.7
In ninth decile	805	425	385	5.4	5.6	5.4
In top decile	425	215	215	2.9	2.8	3.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	14,790	...	...	14,790	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.301	...	...	0.301	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.466	...	...	0.466	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.264	...	...	0.264	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,945	7,715	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	12,175	6,125	6,050	81.5	79.4	83.6
English and French	2,575	1,475	1,105	17.2	19.1	15.3
Neither English nor French	170	105	65	1.1	1.4	0.9
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,945	7,715	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	200	110	95	1.3	1.4	1.3
French	14,450	7,435	7,015	96.7	96.4	97.0
English and French	130	70	65	0.9	0.9	0.9
Neither English nor French	165	100	65	1.1	1.3	0.9
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,945	7,715	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,375	7,405	6,970	96.2	96.0	96.3
Official languages	11,355	5,845	5,510	76.0	75.8	76.2
English	175	90	85	1.2	1.2	1.2
French	11,180	5,755	5,430	74.8	74.6	75.1
Non-official languages	3,020	1,560	1,460	20.2	20.2	20.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,905	1,495	1,415	19.4	19.4	19.6
Algonquian languages	2,895	1,490	1,410	19.4	19.3	19.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	2,895	1,490	1,405	19.4	19.3	19.4
Atikamekw	2,880	1,480	1,395	19.3	19.2	19.3
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	65	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	70	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	575	310	265	3.8	4.0	3.7
English and French	100	65	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	460	235	220	3.1	3.0	3.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,945	7,715	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	75	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	11,195	5,740	5,455	74.9	74.4	75.4
Non-official language	1,275	685	595	8.5	8.9	8.2
Indigenous³⁹	1,245	665	580	8.3	8.6	8.0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	325	195	135	2.2	2.5	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	2,030	1,040	985	13.6	13.5	13.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,945	7,715	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,185	7,315	6,870	94.9	94.8	95.0
Official languages	11,820	6,070	5,750	79.1	78.7	79.5
English	120	65	50	0.8	0.8	0.7
French	11,700	6,000	5,700	78.3	77.8	78.8
Non-official languages	2,365	1,245	1,115	15.8	16.1	15.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,310	1,220	1,095	15.5	15.8	15.1
Algonquian languages	2,310	1,215	1,090	15.5	15.7	15.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	2,305	1,215	1,095	15.4	15.7	15.1
Atikamekw	2,305	1,215	1,090	15.4	15.7	15.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	765	400	365	5.1	5.2	5.0
English and French	85	50	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	670	345	320	4.5	4.5	4.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,945	7,715	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,295	6,855	6,435	89.0	88.9	88.9
English	205	120	85	1.4	1.6	1.2
French	1,110	585	530	7.4	7.6	7.3
Non-official language	305	145	160	2.0	1.9	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	275	130	145	1.8	1.7	2.0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,790	7,655	7,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	14,620	7,550	7,070	98.9	98.6	99.1
English	2,600	1,450	1,150	17.6	18.9	16.1
French	14,590	7,525	7,060	98.6	98.3	98.9
Non-official languages	3,840	1,970	1,870	26.0	25.7	26.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	3,600	1,850	1,750	24.3	24.2	24.5
Algonquian languages	3,585	1,845	1,740	24.2	24.1	24.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	3,580	1,840	1,740	24.2	24.0	24.4
Atikamekw	3,570	1,830	1,735	24.1	23.9	24.3
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	250	130	125	1.7	1.7	1.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	195	95	100	1.3	1.2	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	85	75	1.1	1.1	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	125	65	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,790	7,655	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,420	2,285	2,140	29.9	29.8	30.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,330	2,235	2,090	29.3	29.2	29.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,945	2,035	1,910	26.7	26.6	26.8
Métis	360	185	180	2.4	2.4	2.5
Inuk (Inuit)	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-Indigenous identity	10,370	5,375	4,995	70.1	70.2	70.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,790	7,655	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,905	2,035	1,870	26.4	26.6	26.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,885	5,620	5,265	73.6	73.4	73.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,205	...	...	63.3	...	...
Renter	1,935	...	...	29.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	505	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	320	...	...	4.8	...	...
Not condominium	6,325	...	...	95.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	860	...	...	12.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,885	...	...	28.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,350	...	...	35.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,520	...	...	22.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,855	...	...	27.9	...	...
5 rooms	1,300	...	...	19.6	...	...
6 rooms	1,180	...	...	17.8	...	...
7 rooms	860	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,450	...	...	21.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,465	...	...	97.3	...	...
More than one person per room	180	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,350	...	...	95.6	...	...
Not suitable	295	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,395	...	...	36.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,990	...	...	29.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	850	...	...	12.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	705	...	...	10.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	175	...	...	2.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	165	...	...	2.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	130	...	...	2.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	225	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,070	...	...	91.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	575	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,100	...	...	61.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,375	...	...	35.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	170	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	155	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	760	...	...	11.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	960	...	...	14.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,010	...	...	15.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,530	...	...	23.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,290	...	...	19.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	685	...	...	10.3	...	...
85 years and over	255	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,300	...	...	89.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	615	...	...	10.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	555	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,370	...	...	20.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	570	...	...	8.6	...	...
Not suitable only	230	...	...	3.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	465	...	...	7.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,275	...	...	79.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	155	...	...	2.6	...	...
Not in core need	5,695	...	...	97.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,110	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.9	...	...	54.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	695	...	...	695	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	818	...	...	818	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	152,600	...	...	152,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,805	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.5	...	...	15.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.8	...	...	15.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	516	...	...	516	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	549	...	...	549	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	505	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	452	...	...	452	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	446	...	...	446	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,795	7,655	7,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	4,030	2,060	1,965	27.2	26.9	27.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	4,015	2,050	1,965	27.1	26.8	27.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,950	2,015	1,935	26.7	26.3	27.1
Métis single ancestry	65	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	690	355	335	4.7	4.6	4.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	685	355	330	4.6	4.6	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	640	340	300	4.3	4.4	4.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,080	5,240	4,835	68.1	68.5	67.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,795	7,660	7,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,660	7,575	7,085	99.1	98.9	99.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,135	1,615	1,520	21.2	21.1	21.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,525	5,960	5,565	77.9	77.8	78.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	135	85	50	0.9	1.1	0.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,795	7,660	7,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	14,560	7,520	7,040	98.4	98.2	98.7
Immigrants⁸¹	135	75	55	0.9	1.0	0.8
Before 1980	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
1980 to 1990	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
2001 to 2010	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
2011 to 2015	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
2016 to 2021	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	100	65	35	0.7	0.8	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	135	80	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	10	10	0	7.4	12.5	0.0
5 to 14 years	25	15	15	18.5	18.8	25.0
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	11.1	0.0	16.7
25 to 44 years	70	45	30	51.9	56.3	50.0
45 years and over	10	10	0	7.4	12.5	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	135	80	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	10	20	22.2	12.5	33.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	10	11.1	0.0	16.7
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	75	45	30	55.6	56.3	50.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	15	0	11.1	18.8	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	7.4	12.5	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	7.4	0.0	16.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	11.1	12.5	16.7
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	15	0	14.8	18.8	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	7.4	0.0	16.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	15	10	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	10	0	75.0	66.7	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	50.0	0.0	100.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,790	7,655	7,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	245	145	100	1.7	1.9	1.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	150	45	110	1.0	0.6	1.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,400	7,470	6,930	97.4	97.6	97.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	95	50	40	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	25	15	47.4	50.0	37.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	15	0	21.1	30.0	0.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	20	10	10	21.1	20.0	25.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	30	15	15	31.6	30.0	37.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	21.1	20.0	25.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	95	50	40	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	10.5	20.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	10	15.8	20.0	25.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	60	35	30	63.2	70.0	75.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,790	7,655	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Southeast Asian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,710	7,615	7,095	99.5	99.5	99.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,795	7,660	7,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,325	2,735	2,590	36.0	35.7	36.3
English	185	80	105	1.3	1.0	1.5
Irish	445	230	220	3.0	3.0	3.1
Scottish	215	95	115	1.5	1.2	1.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,030	1,105	925	13.7	14.4	13.0
German	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Chinese	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italian	190	125	65	1.3	1.6	0.9
Indian (India)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	1,225	625	600	8.3	8.2	8.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	1,150	615	535	7.8	8.0	7.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	290	130	160	2.0	1.7	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	915	465	450	6.2	6.1	6.3
Métis	105	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	90	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
Russian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Spanish	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	155	55	110	1.0	0.7	1.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	110	55	60	0.7	0.7	0.8
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	275	130	140	1.9	1.7	2.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	95	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Brazilian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	70	40	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	210	110	105	1.4	1.4	1.5
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	110	65	50	0.7	0.8	0.7
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	2,965	1,525	1,440	20.0	19.9	20.2
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,790	7,655	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	10,960	5,575	5,385	74.1	72.8	75.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	350	190	160	2.4	2.5	2.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catholic	10,385	5,295	5,095	70.2	69.2	71.4
Christian Orthodox	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	55	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	190	95	95	1.3	1.2	1.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	3,590	1,955	1,635	24.3	25.5	22.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	14,620	7,570	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,515	7,045	6,470	92.4	93.1	91.8
Movers	1,100	530	575	7.5	7.0	8.2
Non-migrants	730	340	390	5.0	4.5	5.5
Migrants	375	190	180	2.6	2.5	2.6
Internal migrants	365	190	180	2.5	2.5	2.6
Intraprovincial migrants	360	175	180	2.5	2.3	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,960	7,235	6,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,990	5,225	4,760	71.6	72.2	70.8
Movers	3,970	2,010	1,965	28.4	27.8	29.2
Non-migrants	2,340	1,180	1,165	16.8	16.3	17.3
Migrants	1,630	830	800	11.7	11.5	11.9
Internal migrants	1,555	785	775	11.1	10.9	11.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,525	765	755	10.9	10.6	11.2
Interprovincial migrants	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	75	50	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,410	2,425	1,990	36.3	38.6	33.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,745	3,860	3,885	63.7	61.4	66.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,370	3,850	3,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,255	1,325	925	30.6	34.4	26.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,115	2,520	2,595	69.4	65.5	73.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,160	6,285	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,950	2,080	1,870	32.5	33.1	31.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,580	1,280	1,295	21.2	20.4	22.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,630	2,920	2,705	46.3	46.5	46.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,665	2,585	2,080	38.4	41.1	35.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,645	1,795	855	21.8	28.6	14.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,990	1,295	695	16.4	20.6	11.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	655	500	155	5.4	8.0	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,775	725	1,050	14.6	11.5	17.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	65	180	2.0	1.0	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	965	340	625	7.9	5.4	10.6
Bachelor's degree	760	260	500	6.3	4.1	8.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	55	0.7	0.5	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	80	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,375	3,845	3,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,925	1,090	835	26.1	28.3	23.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,250	630	620	16.9	16.4	17.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,195	2,125	2,070	56.9	55.3	58.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,405	1,875	1,530	46.2	48.8	43.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,005	1,335	670	27.2	34.7	19.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,490	945	545	20.2	24.6	15.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	520	390	125	7.1	10.1	3.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,285	515	765	17.4	13.4	21.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	25	90	1.6	0.7	2.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	790	250	540	10.7	6.5	15.3
Bachelor's degree	630	200	435	8.5	5.2	12.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	20	45	0.8	0.5	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
Master's degree	60	20	40	0.8	0.5	1.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,155	6,280	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,530	3,360	3,170	53.7	53.5	54.0
Education	510	80	435	4.2	1.3	7.4
13. Education	510	80	435	4.2	1.3	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
Humanities	100	30	70	0.8	0.5	1.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	305	50	260	2.5	0.8	4.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	10	135	1.2	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	55	0	55	0.5	0.0	0.9
45. Social sciences	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Business, management and public administration	930	255	675	7.7	4.1	11.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	25	85	0.9	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	825	235	595	6.8	3.7	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	55	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	50	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	40	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,610	1,520	90	13.2	24.2	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	105	100	0	0.9	1.6	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	330	305	20	2.7	4.9	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	340	310	30	2.8	4.9	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	415	410	10	3.4	6.5	0.2
48. Precision production	375	370	10	3.1	5.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	550	400	145	4.5	6.4	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	505	380	125	4.2	6.1	2.1
Health and related fields	755	60	690	6.2	1.0	11.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	705	50	660	5.8	0.8	11.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	645	400	245	5.3	6.4	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	240	50	190	2.0	0.8	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	115	90	20	0.9	1.4	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	285	255	35	2.3	4.1	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,370	3,845	3,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,175	1,725	1,455	43.1	44.9	41.3
Education	365	55	310	5.0	1.4	8.8
13. Education	365	55	310	5.0	1.4	8.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.7
Humanities	60	25	35	0.8	0.7	1.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240	30	210	3.3	0.8	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	105	1.5	0.0	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	50	0	50	0.7	0.0	1.4
45. Social sciences	35	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.6
Business, management and public administration	650	145	505	8.8	3.8	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	15	80	1.3	0.4	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	550	125	425	7.5	3.3	12.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	40	25	0.9	1.0	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	35	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	40	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	40	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,185	1,100	85	16.1	28.6	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	0.5	0.8	0.4
14. Engineering	75	70	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	215	25	3.3	5.6	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	230	205	25	3.1	5.3	0.7
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	310	305	10	4.2	7.9	0.3
48. Precision production	285	280	0	3.9	7.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	415	290	125	5.6	7.5	3.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	390	280	110	5.3	7.3	3.1
Health and related fields	585	55	535	7.9	1.4	15.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	550	40	505	7.5	1.0	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	540	330	205	7.3	8.6	5.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190	40	155	2.6	1.0	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	100	75	20	1.4	2.0	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	205	30	3.3	5.3	0.9
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,370	3,845	3,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,175	1,725	1,455	43.1	44.9	41.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,195	2,120	2,075	56.9	55.1	58.9
Location of study inside Canada	4,110	2,070	2,040	55.8	53.8	57.9
Same as province or territory of residence	4,065	2,055	2,010	55.2	53.4	57.0
Different than province or territory of residence	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80	50	30	1.1	1.3	0.9
Americas	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	30	15	0.7	0.8	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,160	6,285	5,875	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,225	3,305	2,920	...	...	...
Employed	5,815	3,085	2,735	...	...	...
Unemployed	410	220	185	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,935	2,980	2,955	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.2	52.6	49.7	51.2	52.6	49.7
Employment rate	47.8	49.1	46.6	47.8	49.1	46.6
Unemployment rate	6.6	6.7	6.3	6.6	6.7	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,155	6,280	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,710	2,820	2,890	47.0	44.9	49.2
Worked	6,445	3,460	2,985	53.0	55.1	50.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,615	2,070	1,550	29.7	33.0	26.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,830	1,395	1,435	23.3	22.2	24.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.2	41.8	42.5	43.2	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,220	3,300	2,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	60	40	1.7	1.8	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,120	3,245	2,875	98.4	98.3	98.5
Employee	5,655	2,985	2,670	90.9	90.5	91.4
Permanent position	4,700	2,485	2,210	75.6	75.3	75.7
Temporary position	960	500	455	15.4	15.2	15.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	255	110	145	4.1	3.3	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	705	390	310	11.3	11.8	10.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	465	260	210	7.5	7.9	7.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,220	3,300	2,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	60	40	1.7	1.8	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,120	3,245	2,875	98.4	98.3	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	95	55	45	1.5	1.7	1.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	680	170	510	10.9	5.2	17.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	275	220	55	4.4	6.7	1.9
3 Health occupations	460	50	405	7.4	1.5	13.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	900	210	690	14.5	6.4	23.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115	45	65	1.8	1.4	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	1,475	580	900	23.7	17.6	30.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,400	1,290	110	22.5	39.1	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	185	20	3.4	5.6	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	510	435	70	8.2	13.2	2.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,220	3,300	2,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	60	40	1.7	1.8	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	6,120	3,245	2,875	98.4	98.3	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	375	275	95	6.0	8.3	3.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	190	160	30	3.1	4.8	1.0
23 Construction	340	325	10	5.5	9.8	0.3
31-33 Manufacturing	980	805	175	15.8	24.4	6.0
41 Wholesale trade	55	35	15	0.9	1.1	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	715	305	405	11.5	9.2	13.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	250	180	75	4.0	5.5	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
52 Finance and insurance	45	10	35	0.7	0.3	1.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	30	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	145	65	80	2.3	2.0	2.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	140	95	45	2.3	2.9	1.5
61 Educational services	470	120	360	7.6	3.6	12.3
62 Health care and social assistance	1,005	135	870	16.2	4.1	29.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	380	125	250	6.1	3.8	8.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	315	165	145	5.1	5.0	5.0
91 Public administration	585	345	245	9.4	10.5	8.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,845	3,640	3,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	65	0	60	0.9	0.0	1.9
French	5,680	3,040	2,635	83.0	83.5	82.3
Non-official language	215	130	90	3.1	3.6	2.8
Indigenous³⁹	215	130	90	3.1	3.6	2.8
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	225	125	100	3.3	3.4	3.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	650	330	320	9.5	9.1	10.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,845	3,640	3,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,605	3,530	3,075	96.5	97.0	96.1
Official languages	6,020	3,200	2,815	87.9	87.9	88.0
English	90	0	80	1.3	0.0	2.5
French	5,930	3,195	2,740	86.6	87.8	85.6
Non-official languages	590	325	265	8.6	8.9	8.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	585	325	255	8.5	8.9	8.0
Algonquian languages	585	330	260	8.5	9.1	8.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	585	330	260	8.5	9.1	8.1
Atikamekw	585	330	260	8.5	9.1	8.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	235	115	120	3.4	3.2	3.8
English and French	35	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	200	95	110	2.9	2.6	3.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,845	3,640	3,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,185	3,285	2,900	90.4	90.2	90.6
English	175	110	65	2.6	3.0	2.0
French	390	200	190	5.7	5.5	5.9
Non-official language	90	45	50	1.3	1.2	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	90	35	50	1.3	1.0	1.6
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,815	3,080	2,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	350	145	205	6.0	4.7	7.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	550	440	115	9.5	14.3	4.2
Usual place of work	4,905	2,490	2,420	84.4	80.8	88.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,905	2,495	2,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,475	2,240	2,230	91.2	89.8	92.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	265	150	120	5.4	6.0	5.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	170	100	65	3.5	4.0	2.7
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,460	2,930	2,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,825	2,595	2,225	88.4	88.6	87.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,535	2,460	2,070	83.1	84.0	81.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	285	135	155	5.2	4.6	6.1
Public transit	20	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Walked	470	220	250	8.6	7.5	9.9
Bicycle	35	35	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Other method	110	65	50	2.0	2.2	2.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,460	2,930	2,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,040	1,955	2,085	74.0	66.7	82.4
15 to 29 minutes	890	555	335	16.3	18.9	13.2
30 to 44 minutes	280	230	50	5.1	7.8	2.0
45 to 59 minutes	50	30	20	0.9	1.0	0.8
60 minutes and over	195	165	30	3.6	5.6	1.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,460	2,930	2,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	300	245	55	5.5	8.4	2.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	820	580	240	15.0	19.8	9.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,200	1,125	1,075	40.3	38.4	42.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,220	515	705	22.3	17.6	27.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	260	95	160	4.8	3.2	6.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	655	370	285	12.0	12.6	11.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,235	1,685	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	360	210	150	11.1	12.5	9.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,875	1,480	1,400	88.9	87.8	90.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,330	1,225	1,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	255	155	105	10.9	12.7	9.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	220	130	90	9.4	10.6	8.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	15	1.7	2.0	1.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,075	1,070	1,005	89.1	87.3	91.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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