Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	La Nouvelle-Beauce, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	37,988	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	36,785	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	16,102	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	15,465	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	42.0	...	...	42.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	905.33	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	37,990	19,310	18,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7,485	3,895	3,590	19.7	20.2	19.2
0 to 4 years	2,335	1,260	1,070	6.1	6.5	5.7
5 to 9 years	2,630	1,325	1,305	6.9	6.9	7.0
10 to 14 years	2,520	1,305	1,210	6.6	6.8	6.5
15 to 64 years	23,200	11,905	11,295	61.1	61.7	60.5
15 to 19 years	2,000	925	1,075	5.3	4.8	5.8
20 to 24 years	1,715	900	810	4.5	4.7	4.3
25 to 29 years	2,085	1,055	1,030	5.5	5.5	5.5
30 to 34 years	2,395	1,215	1,185	6.3	6.3	6.3
35 to 39 years	2,570	1,330	1,240	6.8	6.9	6.6
40 to 44 years	2,705	1,370	1,330	7.1	7.1	7.1
45 to 49 years	2,285	1,225	1,055	6.0	6.3	5.6
50 to 54 years	2,145	1,140	1,000	5.6	5.9	5.4
55 to 59 years	2,625	1,375	1,250	6.9	7.1	6.7
60 to 64 years	2,690	1,370	1,315	7.1	7.1	7.0
65 years and over	7,305	3,510	3,790	19.2	18.2	20.3
65 to 69 years	2,410	1,235	1,170	6.3	6.4	6.3
70 to 74 years	1,935	990	945	5.1	5.1	5.1
75 to 79 years	1,325	630	690	3.5	3.3	3.7
80 to 84 years	830	385	445	2.2	2.0	2.4
85 years and over	810	270	540	2.1	1.4	2.9
85 to 89 years	490	190	300	1.3	1.0	1.6
90 to 94 years	240	65	180	0.6	0.3	1.0
95 to 99 years	65	10	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.7	20.2	19.2	19.7	20.2	19.2
15 to 64 years	61.1	61.7	60.5	61.1	61.7	60.5
65 years and over	19.2	18.2	20.3	19.2	18.2	20.3
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.9	2.1	1.4	2.9
Average age of the population	41.1	40.6	41.6	41.1	40.6	41.6
Median age of the population	41.2	41.2	41.6	41.2	41.2	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,395	...	...	73.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,580	...	...	10.2	...	...
Row house	155	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	415	...	...	2.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,700	...	...	11.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	180	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,280	...	...	27.7	...	...
2 persons	5,725	...	...	37.0	...	...
3 persons	2,055	...	...	13.3	...	...
4 persons	2,205	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	1,200	...	...	7.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	30,500	15,420	15,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	19,475	9,775	9,700	63.9	63.4	64.3
Married	9,695	4,890	4,810	31.8	31.7	31.9
Living common-law	9,775	4,885	4,890	32.0	31.7	32.4
Living common law - Never married	8,425	4,185	4,235	27.6	27.1	28.1
Living common law - Separated	75	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,125	595	530	3.7	3.9	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	155	65	90	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	11,025	5,645	5,385	36.1	36.6	35.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,815	4,450	3,360	25.6	28.9	22.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	330	185	140	1.1	1.2	0.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,395	680	715	4.6	4.4	4.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,490	325	1,165	4.9	2.1	7.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,630	...	...	51.6	...	...
3 persons	2,015	...	...	18.5	...	...
4 persons	2,180	...	...	20.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,090	...	...	10.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	9,530	...	...	87.3	...	...
Married couples	4,650	...	...	42.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,665	...	...	15.2	...	...
Without children	2,985	...	...	27.3	...	...
Common-law couples	4,885	...	...	44.7	...	...
With children⁶	2,975	...	...	27.2	...	...
Without children	1,910	...	...	17.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,390	...	...	12.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	895	...	...	8.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	495	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	37,145	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	31,835	16,010	15,820	85.7	84.3	87.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	19,065	9,530	9,540	51.3	50.2	52.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,385	495	890	3.7	2.6	4.9
Children⁶	11,385	5,990	5,390	30.7	31.5	29.7
In a two-parent family	9,135	4,770	4,365	24.6	25.1	24.0
In a one-parent family	2,245	1,220	1,030	6.0	6.4	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,310	2,980	2,330	14.3	15.7	12.8
Living alone	4,285	2,360	1,925	11.5	12.4	10.6
Living with other relatives⁷	395	205	190	1.1	1.1	1.0
Living with non-relatives only	630	415	220	1.7	2.2	1.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	10,575	...	...	68.4	...	...
Couple-family households	9,310	...	...	60.2	...	...
With children⁶	4,525	...	...	29.3	...	...
Without children	4,780	...	...	30.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,265	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	150	...	...	1.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	330	...	...	2.1	...	...
One-person households	4,285	...	...	27.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	29,675	15,110	14,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,335	14,950	14,385	98.9	98.9	98.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	49,200	39,600	44,400	49,200	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,335	14,950	14,385	98.9	98.9	98.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,400	35,200	38,800	42,400	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,720	14,335	13,385	93.4	94.9	91.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,200	28,600	36,400	43,200	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,030	12,260	10,770	77.6	81.1	74.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,800	32,400	39,200	44,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,335	11,865	12,470	82.0	78.5	85.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	8,000	11,900	10,000	8,000	11,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,175	2,340	1,840	14.1	15.5	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	4,960	5,720	5,320	4,960	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,465	4,535	3,930	28.5	30.0	27.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,000	6,000	5,480	5,000	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	29,675	15,110	14,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,360	14,955	14,405	98.9	99.0	98.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,120	54,150	43,840	49,120	54,150	43,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,370	14,965	14,405	99.0	99.0	98.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,160	44,400	37,800	41,160	44,400	37,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,815	14,420	13,400	93.7	95.4	92.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,720	35,000	41,600	47,720	35,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,035	12,245	10,785	77.6	81.0	74.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,840	47,600	37,440	42,840	47,600	37,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,245	11,795	12,450	81.7	78.1	85.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,740	10,320	13,080	11,740	10,320	13,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,230	2,310	1,920	14.3	15.3	13.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,780	5,790	7,980	6,780	5,790	7,980
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,675	4,605	4,075	29.2	30.5	28.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	5,940	7,130	6,500	5,940	7,130
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	29,675	15,110	14,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,085	6,895	5,195	40.7	45.6	35.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	56,400	50,000	53,600	56,400	50,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,700	61,200	55,300	58,700	61,200	55,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,045	4,235	4,810	30.5	28.0	33.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	27,600	16,400	20,000	27,600	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,960	34,640	22,120	27,960	34,640	22,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.2	85.0	74.2	80.2	85.0	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.4	72.0	63.9	68.4	72.0	63.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.8	15.0	25.8	19.8	15.0	25.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.7	2.4	2.0	1.7	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	3.9	5.6	4.7	3.9	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.4	4.6	3.9	3.4	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	29,670	15,110	14,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	345	160	180	1.2	1.1	1.2
With total income	29,330	14,945	14,385	98.9	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,475	600	880	5.0	4.0	6.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,235	1,245	1,995	11.0	8.3	13.9
$20,000 to $29,999	4,335	1,945	2,395	14.8	13.0	16.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,715	1,690	2,030	12.7	11.3	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	4,245	2,155	2,095	14.5	14.4	14.6
$50,000 to $59,999	3,795	2,060	1,730	12.9	13.8	12.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,735	1,605	1,135	9.3	10.7	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,945	1,235	705	6.6	8.3	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,350	805	550	4.6	5.4	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	790	460	330	2.7	3.1	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,710	1,160	550	5.8	7.8	3.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,270	830	435	4.3	5.6	3.0
$150,000 and over	440	325	115	1.5	2.2	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	29,670	15,110	14,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	335	160	175	1.1	1.1	1.2
With after-tax income	29,340	14,950	14,390	98.9	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,590	640	955	5.4	4.3	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,450	1,345	2,105	11.8	9.0	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	5,020	2,270	2,750	17.1	15.2	19.1
$30,000 to $39,999	5,220	2,565	2,655	17.8	17.2	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	5,200	2,870	2,330	17.7	19.2	16.2
$50,000 to $59,999	3,795	2,245	1,555	12.9	15.0	10.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,275	1,315	955	7.8	8.8	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,235	680	555	4.2	4.5	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	610	370	240	2.1	2.5	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	335	210	125	1.1	1.4	0.9
$100,000 and over	605	435	170	2.1	2.9	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	330	225	105	1.1	1.5	0.7
$125,000 and over	275	205	70	0.9	1.4	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	29,670	15,110	14,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,640	2,850	3,790	22.4	18.9	26.0
With employment income	23,035	12,265	10,770	77.6	81.2	73.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,320	1,205	1,115	10.1	9.8	10.4
$5,000 to $9,999	1,750	715	1,035	7.6	5.8	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,795	1,190	1,600	12.1	9.7	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,345	990	1,355	10.2	8.1	12.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,575	1,295	1,280	11.2	10.6	11.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,875	1,505	1,375	12.5	12.3	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,490	1,495	995	10.8	12.2	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,835	1,245	595	8.0	10.2	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,370	905	460	5.9	7.4	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	980	560	420	4.3	4.6	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	505	320	190	2.2	2.6	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,190	835	350	5.2	6.8	3.2
$100,000 to $124,999	670	450	215	2.9	3.7	2.0
$125,000 and over	520	385	135	2.3	3.1	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	29,675	15,110	14,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,030	14,790	14,240	97.8	97.9	97.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	47,600	37,200	42,400	47,600	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,030	14,790	14,240	97.8	97.9	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,800	33,200	37,200	40,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,315	14,145	13,165	92.0	93.6	90.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,400	30,200	37,600	44,400	30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,200	12,295	10,905	78.2	81.4	74.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	32,400	39,200	45,600	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,670	10,245	11,425	73.0	67.8	78.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	5,520	9,500	8,000	5,520	9,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,170	2,330	1,840	14.1	15.4	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,320	3,880	5,120	4,320	3,880	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	29,675	15,110	14,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,040	14,785	14,260	97.9	97.8	97.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,920	52,600	41,000	46,920	52,600	41,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,055	14,785	14,265	97.9	97.8	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,280	42,960	35,480	39,280	42,960	35,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,365	14,180	13,190	92.2	93.8	90.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,320	48,960	35,160	42,320	48,960	35,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,205	12,265	10,945	78.2	81.2	75.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,840	48,240	36,800	42,840	48,240	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,460	10,050	11,410	72.3	66.5	78.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,530	8,320	10,590	9,530	8,320	10,590
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,085	2,290	1,795	13.8	15.2	12.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,375	5,012	8,110	6,375	5,012	8,110
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	29,675	15,110	14,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,055	6,900	5,155	40.6	45.7	35.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	55,200	47,200	51,200	55,200	47,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,400	59,750	51,950	56,400	59,750	51,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,650	4,035	4,610	29.1	26.7	31.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	32,400	19,800	24,200	32,400	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,640	38,560	25,540	31,640	38,560	25,540
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.0	89.2	79.4	85.0	89.2	79.4
Employment income (%)	73.0	76.0	69.0	73.0	76.0	69.0
Government transfers (%)	15.0	10.7	20.7	15.0	10.7	20.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.5	2.5	1.9	1.5	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	15,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,285	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	11,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	15,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,200	...	...	93,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,280	...	...	47,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,640	...	...	39,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	11,185	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,800	...	...	110,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,900	...	...	92,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	655	...	...	4.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	465	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	460	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	655	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	700	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	655	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,230	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,130	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,025	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,050	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,910	...	...	38.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,205	...	...	14.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,435	...	...	9.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,490	...	...	9.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	785	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	205	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	700	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	545	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	635	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	865	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	810	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	760	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,435	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,375	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,310	...	...	8.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,265	...	...	8.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,155	...	...	7.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,165	...	...	26.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,020	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,115	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,030	...	...	6.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,795	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,650	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,360	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,915	2,775	2,140	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	45,200	36,000	41,200	45,200	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	38,800	32,800	36,000	38,800	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,955	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,100	...	...	91,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,635	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,900	...	...	117,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,200	...	...	77,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,400	...	...	67,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,885	2,760	2,125	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,200	50,160	41,000	46,200	50,160	41,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	41,320	35,560	38,800	41,320	35,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,750	4,480	4,270	23.6	23.6	23.5
0 to 5 years	2,830	1,520	1,310	7.6	8.0	7.2
18 to 64 years	21,800	11,225	10,575	58.7	59.1	58.2
65 years and over	6,595	3,290	3,305	17.8	17.3	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,760	1,330	1,435	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	435	245	190	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	130	75	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,100	570	530	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,230	520	715	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.4	7.0	7.9	7.4	7.0	7.9
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	5.4	4.5	5.0	5.4	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	4.6	5.0	4.0	4.6	5.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	5.1	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.0
65 years and over (%)	18.6	15.7	21.6	18.6	15.7	21.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	37,145	18,995	18,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,750	4,475	4,270	23.6	23.6	23.5
0 to 5 years	2,825	1,515	1,310	7.6	8.0	7.2
18 to 64 years	21,805	11,225	10,580	58.7	59.1	58.3
65 years and over	6,595	3,295	3,305	17.8	17.3	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	500	305	195	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	45	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	365	235	130	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	25	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.3	1.6	1.1	1.3	1.6	1.1
0 to 17 years (%)	0.8	1.0	0.6	0.8	1.0	0.6
0 to 5 years (%)	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5
18 to 64 years (%)	1.7	2.1	1.3	1.7	2.1	1.3
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	19,470	9,865	9,605	52.4	51.9	52.9
In bottom decile	2,120	1,050	1,070	5.7	5.5	5.9
In second decile	3,475	1,695	1,780	9.4	8.9	9.8
In third decile	4,240	2,150	2,090	11.4	11.3	11.5
In fourth decile	4,685	2,390	2,295	12.6	12.6	12.6
In fifth decile	4,950	2,575	2,370	13.3	13.6	13.1
In top half of the distribution	17,685	9,130	8,550	47.6	48.1	47.1
In sixth decile	4,965	2,565	2,400	13.4	13.5	13.2
In seventh decile	4,805	2,490	2,310	12.9	13.1	12.7
In eighth decile	3,680	1,865	1,810	9.9	9.8	10.0
In ninth decile	2,645	1,385	1,255	7.1	7.3	6.9
In top decile	1,590	815	775	4.3	4.3	4.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	37,145	...	...	37,145	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.258	...	...	0.258	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.368	...	...	0.368	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.225	...	...	0.225	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	37,680	19,175	18,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	55	35	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
French only	27,090	13,485	13,605	71.9	70.3	73.5
English and French	10,435	5,560	4,880	27.7	29.0	26.4
Neither English nor French	100	85	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	37,680	19,175	18,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	310	170	135	0.8	0.9	0.7
French	37,155	18,850	18,305	98.6	98.3	98.9
English and French	120	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Neither English nor French	95	85	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	37,680	19,175	18,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,430	19,030	18,395	99.3	99.2	99.4
Official languages	36,850	18,665	18,195	97.8	97.3	98.3
English	280	145	135	0.7	0.8	0.7
French	36,570	18,515	18,060	97.1	96.6	97.6
Non-official languages	575	370	205	1.5	1.9	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	575	370	205	1.5	1.9	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	35	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Merina	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	405	255	150	1.1	1.3	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	240	135	1.0	1.3	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	330	220	115	0.9	1.1	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	255	140	115	0.7	0.7	0.6
English and French	180	100	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	37,680	19,175	18,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	36,080	18,265	17,815	95.8	95.3	96.2
Non-official language	210	155	55	0.6	0.8	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	210	155	55	0.6	0.8	0.3
English and French	825	440	385	2.2	2.3	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	295	170	120	0.8	0.9	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	140	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	37,680	19,175	18,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,455	19,045	18,415	99.4	99.3	99.5
Official languages	37,120	18,810	18,310	98.5	98.1	98.9
English	180	100	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
French	36,940	18,715	18,225	98.0	97.6	98.5
Non-official languages	335	230	100	0.9	1.2	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	335	230	100	0.9	1.2	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	285	200	85	0.8	1.0	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	275	190	85	0.7	1.0	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	260	180	75	0.7	0.9	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	130	100	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	130	70	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	75	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	37,680	19,175	18,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	36,600	18,590	18,010	97.1	96.9	97.3
English	670	355	320	1.8	1.9	1.7
French	145	85	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	165	90	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	90	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and French	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	37,065	18,925	18,140	99.8	99.6	99.9
English	10,460	5,540	4,930	28.2	29.2	27.2
French	37,045	18,915	18,140	99.7	99.6	99.9
Non-official languages	1,415	725	690	3.8	3.8	3.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,410	720	690	3.8	3.8	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	65	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	50	50	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Merina	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	35	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,150	545	605	3.1	2.9	3.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
German	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,060	495	565	2.9	2.6	3.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,000	455	545	2.7	2.4	3.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	520	255	260	1.4	1.3	1.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	485	250	235	1.3	1.3	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	280	140	140	0.8	0.7	0.8
Métis	200	105	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	36,630	18,735	17,895	98.6	98.6	98.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	90	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	37,055	18,955	18,105	99.7	99.8	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	12,140	...	...	78.5	...	...
Renter	3,330	...	...	21.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,070	...	...	6.9	...	...
Not condominium	14,400	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,120	...	...	7.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,025	...	...	26.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,565	...	...	42.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,725	...	...	24.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,090	...	...	20.0	...	...
5 rooms	2,560	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	2,585	...	...	16.7	...	...
7 rooms	2,370	...	...	15.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,855	...	...	31.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,405	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	15,215	...	...	98.4	...	...
Not suitable	250	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,810	...	...	18.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,035	...	...	26.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,020	...	...	13.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,705	...	...	11.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	940	...	...	6.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,255	...	...	8.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,420	...	...	9.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,290	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	14,855	...	...	96.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	610	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,935	...	...	51.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,340	...	...	47.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	195	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	305	...	...	2.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,125	...	...	13.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,040	...	...	19.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,675	...	...	17.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,050	...	...	19.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,775	...	...	17.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,230	...	...	8.0	...	...
85 years and over	270	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	15,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,895	...	...	91.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,240	...	...	8.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,150	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	15,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,020	...	...	13.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,180	...	...	7.6	...	...
Not suitable only	230	...	...	1.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	535	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	13,445	...	...	86.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	15,050	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	215	...	...	1.4	...	...
Not in core need	14,825	...	...	98.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,885	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.9	...	...	59.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	996	...	...	996	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,000	...	...	240,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	252,400	...	...	252,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,275	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.3	...	...	15.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	719	...	...	719	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	37,145	18,995	18,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	645	305	345	1.7	1.6	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	645	305	345	1.7	1.6	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	580	255	320	1.6	1.3	1.8
Métis single ancestry	70	45	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	655	300	355	1.8	1.6	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	650	300	345	1.7	1.6	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	580	270	315	1.6	1.4	1.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	35,850	18,390	17,455	96.5	96.8	96.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	36,630	18,640	17,990	98.6	98.1	99.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,780	4,475	4,305	23.6	23.6	23.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	27,850	14,165	13,685	75.0	74.6	75.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	515	355	165	1.4	1.9	0.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	36,175	18,410	17,765	97.4	96.9	97.9
Immigrants⁸¹	625	315	315	1.7	1.7	1.7
Before 1980	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
1980 to 1990	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
2001 to 2010	220	125	95	0.6	0.7	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	180	80	100	0.5	0.4	0.6
2011 to 2015	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	95	45	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	345	270	80	0.9	1.4	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	625	315	310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	70	40	25	11.2	12.7	8.1
5 to 14 years	115	45	70	18.4	14.3	22.6
15 to 24 years	80	40	45	12.8	12.7	14.5
25 to 44 years	325	175	150	52.0	55.6	48.4
45 years and over	35	15	20	5.6	4.8	6.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	625	315	310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	215	90	130	34.4	28.6	41.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	80	40	45	12.8	12.7	14.5
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	10	10	2.4	3.2	3.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	40	10	25	6.4	3.2	8.1
Peru	15	10	10	2.4	3.2	3.2
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	20	4.0	3.2	6.5
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	10	3.2	4.8	3.2
Europe	230	125	100	36.8	39.7	32.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	160	80	75	25.6	25.4	24.2
Germany	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	3.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	15	4.0	3.2	4.8
Africa	125	70	60	20.0	22.2	19.4
Algeria	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	10	10	2.4	3.2	3.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	40	40	12.0	12.7	12.9
Asia	55	30	25	8.8	9.5	8.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	2.4	0.0	4.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	25	20	0	4.0	6.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	95	45	55	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	15	21.1	22.2	27.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	10.5	0.0	18.2
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	15	10	31.6	33.3	18.2
France	25	10	10	26.3	22.2	18.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	40	20	15	42.1	44.4	27.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	21.1	22.2	18.2
Asia	10	0	10	10.5	0.0	18.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,085	620	460	2.9	3.3	2.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	635	340	300	1.7	1.8	1.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	35,425	18,030	17,390	95.4	94.9	95.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	530	260	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	295	145	145	55.7	55.8	52.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	155	100	55	29.2	38.5	20.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	145	50	90	27.4	19.2	32.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	160	75	90	30.2	28.8	32.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	70	35	30	13.2	13.5	10.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	530	260	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	10	4.7	3.8	3.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60	25	35	11.3	9.6	12.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	20	30	9.4	7.7	10.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	375	190	180	70.8	73.1	65.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	810	495	315	2.2	2.6	1.7
South Asian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	245	155	90	0.7	0.8	0.5
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	45	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin American	345	215	125	0.9	1.1	0.7
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	55	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	36,340	18,500	17,840	97.8	97.4	98.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	16,645	8,385	8,260	44.8	44.1	45.5
English	315	170	145	0.8	0.9	0.8
Irish	1,205	645	560	3.2	3.4	3.1
Scottish	245	95	145	0.7	0.5	0.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,900	4,605	4,290	24.0	24.2	23.6
German	215	90	125	0.6	0.5	0.7
Chinese	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italian	175	80	95	0.5	0.4	0.5
Indian (India)	70	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Québécois	5,105	2,560	2,545	13.7	13.5	14.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	3,780	1,865	1,915	10.2	9.8	10.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	795	420	380	2.1	2.2	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	505	220	275	1.4	1.2	1.5
Métis	145	80	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	410	225	190	1.1	1.2	1.0
Russian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Spanish	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	50	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Acadian	230	120	110	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	620	325	295	1.7	1.7	1.6
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	95	45	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian	40	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	170	80	90	0.5	0.4	0.5
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	55	35	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	125	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Moroccan	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	110	65	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	45	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	55	55	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	225	100	125	0.6	0.5	0.7
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	60	40	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	75	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	70	60	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	37,150	18,995	18,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	29,635	14,925	14,705	79.8	78.6	81.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,475	1,285	1,190	6.7	6.8	6.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baptist	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Catholic	26,720	13,450	13,270	71.9	70.8	73.1
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	115	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	45	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hindu	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	7,390	3,995	3,400	19.9	21.0	18.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	36,705	18,760	17,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	33,670	17,180	16,485	91.7	91.6	91.9
Movers	3,035	1,580	1,455	8.3	8.4	8.1
Non-migrants	1,205	640	570	3.3	3.4	3.2
Migrants	1,830	940	890	5.0	5.0	5.0
Internal migrants	1,735	875	865	4.7	4.7	4.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,705	855	855	4.6	4.6	4.8
Interprovincial migrants	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	90	70	25	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	34,875	17,740	17,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	24,655	12,545	12,110	70.7	70.7	70.7
Movers	10,220	5,195	5,025	29.3	29.3	29.3
Non-migrants	3,145	1,630	1,515	9.0	9.2	8.8
Migrants	7,080	3,565	3,510	20.3	20.1	20.5
Internal migrants	6,695	3,285	3,420	19.2	18.5	20.0
Intraprovincial migrants	6,595	3,220	3,370	18.9	18.2	19.7
Interprovincial migrants	105	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	375	290	95	1.1	1.6	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,675	15,110	14,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,350	3,750	2,600	21.4	24.8	17.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,325	11,360	11,965	78.6	75.2	82.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,380	9,920	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,580	1,745	835	13.3	17.6	8.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,800	8,175	8,630	86.7	82.4	91.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,675	15,110	14,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,515	3,075	2,440	18.6	20.4	16.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,520	3,230	3,290	22.0	21.4	22.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,640	8,810	8,830	59.4	58.3	60.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,425	7,135	6,290	45.2	47.2	43.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,885	4,470	2,415	23.2	29.6	16.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,820	2,695	2,125	16.2	17.8	14.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,065	1,770	295	7.0	11.7	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,720	2,380	3,335	19.3	15.8	22.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	830	290	535	2.8	1.9	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,210	1,670	2,540	14.2	11.1	17.4
Bachelor's degree	2,995	1,225	1,770	10.1	8.1	12.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	380	75	305	1.3	0.5	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	70	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	595	235	355	2.0	1.6	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	60	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,380	9,920	9,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,010	1,295	710	10.4	13.1	7.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,555	1,910	1,640	18.3	19.3	17.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,820	6,710	7,110	71.3	67.6	75.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,355	5,425	4,925	53.4	54.7	52.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,565	3,570	2,000	28.7	36.0	21.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,980	2,190	1,790	20.5	22.1	18.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,580	1,375	205	8.2	13.9	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,220	1,670	2,550	21.8	16.8	27.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	575	185	385	3.0	1.9	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,465	1,280	2,185	17.9	12.9	23.1
Bachelor's degree	2,450	970	1,480	12.6	9.8	15.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	340	55	285	1.8	0.6	3.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Master's degree	495	175	315	2.6	1.8	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	29,670	15,110	14,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,035	6,300	5,735	40.6	41.7	39.4
Education	1,265	225	1,040	4.3	1.5	7.1
13. Education	1,265	225	1,040	4.3	1.5	7.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	465	155	310	1.6	1.0	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	65	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	350	95	260	1.2	0.6	1.8
Humanities	530	210	315	1.8	1.4	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	330	140	190	1.1	0.9	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
54. History	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,170	245	920	3.9	1.6	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	35	100	0.5	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	405	10	400	1.4	0.1	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	240	70	170	0.8	0.5	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	150	25	120	0.5	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	200	95	105	0.7	0.6	0.7
Business, management and public administration	3,935	1,125	2,815	13.3	7.4	19.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	30	210	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,690	1,095	2,600	12.4	7.2	17.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	420	220	200	1.4	1.5	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	155	70	85	0.5	0.5	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	110	65	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
40. Physical sciences	60	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	450	290	160	1.5	1.9	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	395	275	120	1.3	1.8	0.8
25. Library science	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,875	4,565	315	16.4	30.2	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	120	80	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	370	325	45	1.2	2.2	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	865	770	95	2.9	5.1	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,410	1,355	60	4.8	9.0	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,180	1,150	30	4.0	7.6	0.2
48. Precision production	940	885	45	3.2	5.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,145	730	420	3.9	4.8	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	985	600	385	3.3	4.0	2.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	125	40	0.6	0.8	0.3
Health and related fields	1,780	285	1,500	6.0	1.9	10.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	145	85	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,600	185	1,415	5.4	1.2	9.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,590	770	820	5.4	5.1	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	850	135	715	2.9	0.9	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	210	165	45	0.7	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	525	470	55	1.8	3.1	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,380	9,920	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,560	3,210	2,355	28.7	32.4	24.9
Education	920	155	770	4.7	1.6	8.1
13. Education	920	155	770	4.7	1.6	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	390	130	260	2.0	1.3	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	295	75	220	1.5	0.8	2.3
Humanities	295	125	175	1.5	1.3	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	85	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	935	145	790	4.8	1.5	8.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	20	90	0.6	0.2	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	375	10	365	1.9	0.1	3.9
22. Legal professions and studies	200	45	160	1.0	0.5	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	95	10	85	0.5	0.1	0.9
45. Social sciences	140	65	75	0.7	0.7	0.8
Business, management and public administration	3,150	785	2,355	16.3	7.9	24.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	20	170	1.0	0.2	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,955	770	2,185	15.2	7.8	23.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	120	145	1.4	1.2	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	395	260	135	2.0	2.6	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	250	105	1.8	2.5	1.1
25. Library science	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,745	3,515	235	19.3	35.4	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	100	70	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
14. Engineering	325	290	35	1.7	2.9	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	630	565	70	3.3	5.7	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,040	1,005	35	5.4	10.1	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	890	875	15	4.6	8.8	0.2
48. Precision production	765	720	50	3.9	7.3	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	980	625	355	5.1	6.3	3.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	860	525	335	4.4	5.3	3.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	100	25	0.7	1.0	0.3
Health and related fields	1,385	215	1,170	7.1	2.2	12.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,240	140	1,095	6.4	1.4	11.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,335	635	700	6.9	6.4	7.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	710	110	600	3.7	1.1	6.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	180	135	50	0.9	1.4	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	435	385	50	2.2	3.9	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	19,380	9,920	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,560	3,210	2,355	28.7	32.4	24.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	13,815	6,705	7,110	71.3	67.6	75.1
Location of study inside Canada	13,520	6,520	7,000	69.8	65.7	74.0
Same as province or territory of residence	13,380	6,450	6,930	69.0	65.0	73.2
Different than province or territory of residence	145	75	70	0.7	0.8	0.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	295	185	115	1.5	1.9	1.2
Americas	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	115	70	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	55	35	0.4	0.6	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	85	50	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Asia	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	29,675	15,110	14,565	...	...	...
In the labour force	21,205	11,295	9,910	...	...	...
Employed	20,305	10,880	9,425	...	...	...
Unemployed	905	415	485	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,470	3,815	4,655	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.5	74.8	68.0	71.5	74.8	68.0
Employment rate	68.4	72.0	64.7	68.4	72.0	64.7
Unemployment rate	4.3	3.7	4.9	4.3	3.7	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	29,670	15,110	14,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,065	3,685	4,380	27.2	24.4	30.1
Worked	21,605	11,430	10,180	72.8	75.6	69.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	12,285	7,040	5,245	41.4	46.6	36.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,320	4,385	4,935	31.4	29.0	33.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	44.2	42.4	43.4	44.2	42.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	21,205	11,295	9,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	20,990	11,190	9,800	99.0	99.1	98.9
Employee	18,135	9,305	8,825	85.5	82.4	89.1
Permanent position	15,610	8,115	7,490	73.6	71.8	75.6
Temporary position	2,525	1,195	1,335	11.9	10.6	13.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	760	265	490	3.6	2.3	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,770	925	840	8.3	8.2	8.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,855	1,880	970	13.5	16.6	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	21,205	11,295	9,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	20,990	11,190	9,800	99.0	99.1	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	330	250	80	1.6	2.2	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,325	925	2,405	15.7	8.2	24.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,275	925	350	6.0	8.2	3.5
3 Health occupations	1,455	210	1,245	6.9	1.9	12.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,160	495	1,665	10.2	4.4	16.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	400	190	210	1.9	1.7	2.1
6 Sales and service occupations	4,295	1,665	2,635	20.3	14.7	26.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,565	4,225	340	21.5	37.4	3.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,255	960	290	5.9	8.5	2.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,925	1,350	570	9.1	12.0	5.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	21,205	11,295	9,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	20,990	11,190	9,800	99.0	99.1	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,380	990	385	6.5	8.8	3.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	55	45	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
23 Construction	2,230	1,935	300	10.5	17.1	3.0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,125	2,915	1,215	19.5	25.8	12.3
41 Wholesale trade	625	430	200	2.9	3.8	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	2,230	935	1,300	10.5	8.3	13.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	760	595	170	3.6	5.3	1.7
51 Information and cultural industries	205	130	80	1.0	1.2	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	710	200	510	3.3	1.8	5.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	230	100	130	1.1	0.9	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,170	525	640	5.5	4.6	6.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	560	330	235	2.6	2.9	2.4
61 Educational services	1,120	265	855	5.3	2.3	8.6
62 Health care and social assistance	2,300	245	2,050	10.8	2.2	20.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	150	85	65	0.7	0.8	0.7
72 Accommodation and food services	930	275	655	4.4	2.4	6.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,010	590	420	4.8	5.2	4.2
91 Public administration	1,140	570	570	5.4	5.0	5.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	22,515	11,920	10,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	130	85	40	0.6	0.7	0.4
French	20,260	10,575	9,685	90.0	88.7	91.5
Non-official language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,945	1,160	790	8.6	9.7	7.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	100	65	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	22,515	11,920	10,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,345	11,825	10,515	99.2	99.2	99.3
Official languages	22,305	11,800	10,505	99.1	99.0	99.2
English	345	200	145	1.5	1.7	1.4
French	21,965	11,605	10,360	97.6	97.4	97.8
Non-official languages	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	100	75	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and French	155	90	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	22,515	11,920	10,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,575	10,770	9,805	91.4	90.4	92.6
English	1,610	980	625	7.2	8.2	5.9
French	205	110	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-official language	75	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	75	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	20,300	10,880	9,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,625	1,725	1,900	17.9	15.9	20.2
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,405	1,930	475	11.8	17.7	5.0
Usual place of work	14,260	7,220	7,045	70.2	66.4	74.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	14,260	7,220	7,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,155	2,710	2,440	36.2	37.5	34.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,545	1,795	1,750	24.9	24.9	24.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,520	2,675	2,840	38.7	37.0	40.3
Commute to a different province or territory	45	40	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	16,665	9,145	7,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	15,655	8,605	7,055	93.9	94.1	93.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	14,870	8,265	6,605	89.2	90.4	87.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	790	340	455	4.7	3.7	6.1
Public transit	60	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
Walked	630	325	300	3.8	3.6	4.0
Bicycle	100	75	25	0.6	0.8	0.3
Other method	220	125	95	1.3	1.4	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	16,665	9,145	7,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	6,985	3,700	3,285	41.9	40.5	43.7
15 to 29 minutes	4,925	2,710	2,215	29.6	29.6	29.5
30 to 44 minutes	3,080	1,690	1,400	18.5	18.5	18.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,065	640	425	6.4	7.0	5.7
60 minutes and over	600	405	190	3.6	4.4	2.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	16,665	9,145	7,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,415	1,140	270	8.5	12.5	3.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,295	2,970	1,320	25.8	32.5	17.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,275	2,490	2,780	31.7	27.2	37.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,455	895	1,555	14.7	9.8	20.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	890	315	570	5.3	3.4	7.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,340	1,330	1,015	14.0	14.5	13.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,880	4,545	4,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	675	330	345	7.6	7.3	8.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,205	4,210	3,985	92.4	92.6	91.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,365	3,200	3,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	550	260	285	8.6	8.1	9.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	435	210	225	6.8	6.6	7.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	50	65	1.8	1.6	2.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,815	2,940	2,880	91.4	91.9	91.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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