Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	L'Érable, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	23,534	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	23,425	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,839	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,693	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18.3	...	...	18.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,287.03	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	23,535	12,060	11,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,935	2,040	1,895	16.7	16.9	16.5
0 to 4 years	1,220	630	595	5.2	5.2	5.2
5 to 9 years	1,325	705	615	5.6	5.8	5.4
10 to 14 years	1,390	705	685	5.9	5.8	6.0
15 to 64 years	13,965	7,310	6,655	59.3	60.6	58.0
15 to 19 years	1,150	595	560	4.9	4.9	4.9
20 to 24 years	1,055	530	525	4.5	4.4	4.6
25 to 29 years	1,295	680	615	5.5	5.6	5.4
30 to 34 years	1,315	725	590	5.6	6.0	5.1
35 to 39 years	1,350	705	645	5.7	5.8	5.6
40 to 44 years	1,400	750	655	5.9	6.2	5.7
45 to 49 years	1,300	690	610	5.5	5.7	5.3
50 to 54 years	1,335	715	620	5.7	5.9	5.4
55 to 59 years	1,860	935	930	7.9	7.8	8.1
60 to 64 years	1,900	990	910	8.1	8.2	7.9
65 years and over	5,635	2,710	2,925	23.9	22.5	25.5
65 to 69 years	1,800	865	935	7.6	7.2	8.1
70 to 74 years	1,545	805	740	6.6	6.7	6.4
75 to 79 years	1,080	510	565	4.6	4.2	4.9
80 to 84 years	650	315	335	2.8	2.6	2.9
85 years and over	560	210	350	2.4	1.7	3.1
85 to 89 years	360	150	210	1.5	1.2	1.8
90 to 94 years	175	60	120	0.7	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	16.9	16.5	16.7	16.9	16.5
15 to 64 years	59.3	60.6	58.0	59.3	60.6	58.0
65 years and over	23.9	22.5	25.5	23.9	22.5	25.5
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.1	2.4	1.7	3.1
Average age of the population	44.2	43.5	44.9	44.2	43.5	44.9
Median age of the population	46.0	45.2	46.8	46.0	45.2	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,585	...	...	70.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	420	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	560	...	...	5.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,940	...	...	18.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	105	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,820	...	...	35.7	...	...
2 persons	4,030	...	...	37.7	...	...
3 persons	1,095	...	...	10.2	...	...
4 persons	1,075	...	...	10.1	...	...
5 or more persons	670	...	...	6.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	23,135	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,600	10,020	9,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,930	6,005	5,925	60.9	59.9	61.8
Married	6,325	3,205	3,120	32.3	32.0	32.6
Living common-law	5,605	2,805	2,805	28.6	28.0	29.3
Living common law - Never married	4,650	2,330	2,315	23.7	23.3	24.2
Living common law - Separated	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	795	390	405	4.1	3.9	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	120	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	7,665	4,015	3,655	39.1	40.1	38.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,100	3,020	2,080	26.0	30.1	21.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	185	95	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,240	585	655	6.3	5.8	6.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,140	310	835	5.8	3.1	8.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,945	...	...	59.2	...	...
3 persons	1,055	...	...	15.8	...	...
4 persons	1,050	...	...	15.8	...	...
5 or more persons	610	...	...	9.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,860	...	...	87.9	...	...
Married couples	3,055	...	...	45.8	...	...
With children⁶	790	...	...	11.9	...	...
Without children	2,270	...	...	34.1	...	...
Common-law couples	2,805	...	...	42.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,575	...	...	23.6	...	...
Without children	1,230	...	...	18.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	805	...	...	12.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	545	...	...	8.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	265	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	23,135	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,545	9,340	9,205	80.2	78.5	81.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,720	5,860	5,855	50.7	49.3	52.1
Parents in one-parent families	805	260	545	3.5	2.2	4.8
Children⁶	6,020	3,220	2,805	26.0	27.1	24.9
In a two-parent family	4,735	2,505	2,230	20.5	21.1	19.8
In a one-parent family	1,285	715	575	5.6	6.0	5.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,590	2,550	2,040	19.8	21.4	18.1
Living alone	3,820	2,105	1,710	16.5	17.7	15.2
Living with other relatives⁷	300	150	145	1.3	1.3	1.3
Living with non-relatives only	475	295	180	2.1	2.5	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,445	...	...	60.3	...	...
Couple-family households	5,710	...	...	53.4	...	...
With children⁶	2,300	...	...	21.5	...	...
Without children	3,415	...	...	31.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	730	...	...	6.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	130	...	...	1.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	245	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	3,820	...	...	35.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,965	9,730	9,230	98.8	98.7	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	41,600	32,400	37,200	41,600	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,965	9,735	9,230	98.8	98.8	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,400	30,000	33,200	36,400	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,095	8,970	8,125	89.0	91.0	86.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,600	35,200	22,600	28,600	35,200	22,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,545	7,420	6,130	70.5	75.3	65.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	37,200	26,000	31,800	37,200	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,500	8,230	8,275	85.9	83.5	88.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	9,700	13,300	11,900	9,700	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,760	1,500	1,260	14.4	15.2	13.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,160	5,360	5,240	5,160	5,360
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,295	2,825	2,470	27.6	28.7	26.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,000	6,000	5,480	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,980	9,745	9,235	98.8	98.9	98.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	46,080	36,880	41,600	46,080	36,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,985	9,750	9,235	98.9	98.9	98.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,640	38,560	32,600	35,640	38,560	32,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,115	8,975	8,135	89.1	91.1	87.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,800	39,520	27,480	33,800	39,520	27,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,540	7,415	6,125	70.5	75.2	65.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,000	30,240	35,600	40,000	30,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,545	8,215	8,330	86.1	83.4	89.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,750	11,460	14,020	12,750	11,460	14,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,805	1,620	1,185	14.6	16.4	12.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,810	6,205	7,640	6,810	6,205	7,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,280	2,795	2,485	27.5	28.4	26.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	6,420	7,340	6,850	6,420	7,340
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,700	3,980	2,725	34.9	40.4	29.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,600	48,000	40,800	45,600	48,000	40,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,240	51,800	45,520	49,240	51,800	45,520
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,365	2,630	2,735	27.9	26.7	29.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	26,600	15,200	19,400	26,600	15,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,980	29,760	20,380	24,980	29,760	20,380
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.2	79.0	65.8	73.2	79.0	65.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.1	66.0	54.4	61.1	66.0	54.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.7	21.0	34.3	26.7	21.0	34.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.2	2.7	2.4	2.2	2.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	4.8	6.7	5.6	4.8	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.0	5.4	4.6	4.0	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	19,205	9,860	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	235	120	120	1.2	1.2	1.3
With total income	18,965	9,735	9,230	98.8	98.7	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,045	430	610	5.5	4.4	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,795	1,070	1,720	14.7	11.0	18.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,595	1,725	1,870	19.0	17.7	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,980	1,395	1,585	15.7	14.3	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,920	1,625	1,300	15.4	16.7	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	2,185	1,270	915	11.5	13.0	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,320	800	520	7.0	8.2	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	765	510	255	4.0	5.2	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	525	325	195	2.8	3.3	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	305	210	95	1.6	2.2	1.0
$100,000 and over	550	375	170	2.9	3.9	1.8
$100,000 to $149,999	410	275	135	2.2	2.8	1.5
$150,000 and over	135	100	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	19,205	9,860	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	235	120	120	1.2	1.2	1.3
With after-tax income	18,970	9,735	9,230	98.8	98.7	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,115	460	655	5.9	4.7	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,930	1,145	1,790	15.4	11.8	19.4
$20,000 to $29,999	4,190	2,020	2,170	22.1	20.7	23.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,915	2,065	1,850	20.6	21.2	20.0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,175	1,825	1,355	16.7	18.7	14.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,775	1,075	700	9.4	11.0	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	930	545	385	4.9	5.6	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	425	270	155	2.2	2.8	1.7
$80,000 to $89,999	200	120	80	1.1	1.2	0.9
$90,000 to $99,999	115	70	40	0.6	0.7	0.4
$100,000 and over	195	145	45	1.0	1.5	0.5
$100,000 to $124,999	100	70	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
$125,000 and over	90	70	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	19,205	9,860	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,660	2,440	3,225	29.5	24.7	34.5
With employment income	13,545	7,415	6,125	70.5	75.2	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,800	925	880	13.3	12.5	14.4
$5,000 to $9,999	1,035	415	620	7.6	5.6	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,865	830	1,030	13.8	11.2	16.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,705	810	895	12.6	10.9	14.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,925	1,035	895	14.2	14.0	14.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,795	1,080	715	13.3	14.6	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,275	850	420	9.4	11.5	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	730	500	235	5.4	6.7	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	510	355	160	3.8	4.8	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	380	255	125	2.8	3.4	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	180	125	55	1.3	1.7	0.9
$100,000 and over	355	245	110	2.6	3.3	1.8
$100,000 to $124,999	190	125	60	1.4	1.7	1.0
$125,000 and over	165	120	45	1.2	1.6	0.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,795	9,645	9,155	97.9	97.9	97.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,600	29,200	34,400	39,600	29,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,800	9,645	9,155	97.9	97.9	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,800	27,200	31,000	34,800	27,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,865	8,895	7,970	87.8	90.3	85.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	36,400	24,400	30,000	36,400	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,775	7,515	6,260	71.7	76.3	67.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,600	26,400	32,400	37,600	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,990	7,325	7,665	78.1	74.3	82.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	7,250	11,000	9,400	7,250	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,635	1,415	1,220	13.7	14.4	13.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	4,120	4,320	4,200	4,120	4,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,740	9,610	9,130	97.6	97.5	97.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,040	43,840	33,960	39,040	43,840	33,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,745	9,610	9,135	97.6	97.5	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,360	36,400	30,120	33,360	36,400	30,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,770	8,885	7,885	87.3	90.2	84.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,320	39,800	28,120	34,320	39,800	28,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,730	7,525	6,205	71.5	76.4	66.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,960	39,280	29,760	34,960	39,280	29,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,015	7,310	7,705	78.2	74.2	82.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,410	9,280	11,490	10,410	9,280	11,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,760	1,545	1,220	14.4	15.7	13.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,965	5,295	6,820	5,965	5,295	6,820
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,700	3,980	2,715	34.9	40.4	29.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,400	45,200	38,000	42,400	45,200	38,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	46,000	49,080	41,560	46,000	49,080	41,560
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,155	2,530	2,620	26.8	25.7	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	30,400	18,600	24,000	30,400	18,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,320	33,560	23,280	28,320	33,560	23,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.6	83.8	71.4	78.6	83.8	71.4
Employment income (%)	65.6	70.0	59.6	65.6	70.0	59.6
Government transfers (%)	21.4	16.1	28.6	21.4	16.1	28.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	1.9	2.7	2.3	1.9	2.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,300	...	...	63,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,720	...	...	40,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,100	...	...	92,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	78,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	240	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	770	...	...	7.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	440	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	510	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	790	...	...	7.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	680	...	...	6.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	585	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,000	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	845	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	765	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	700	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	610	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,515	...	...	23.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,105	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	665	...	...	6.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	505	...	...	4.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	245	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	145	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	255	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	805	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	580	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	655	...	...	6.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	935	...	...	8.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	800	...	...	7.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	620	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,015	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	945	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	870	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	725	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	595	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,630	...	...	15.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	915	...	...	8.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	385	...	...	3.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	325	...	...	3.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,715	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,430	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,290	2,400	1,890	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	39,200	30,000	35,200	39,200	30,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	34,800	28,000	31,600	34,800	28,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,100	...	...	92,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	78,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,395	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,900	...	...	120,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,100	...	...	102,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	70,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,305	2,475	1,830	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,200	44,120	34,880	40,200	44,120	34,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,760	37,440	31,120	34,760	37,440	31,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	23,140	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,620	2,410	2,210	20.0	20.3	19.7
0 to 5 years	1,450	750	700	6.3	6.3	6.2
18 to 64 years	13,190	6,880	6,310	57.0	57.8	56.1
65 years and over	5,325	2,605	2,720	23.0	21.9	24.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,160	1,500	1,665	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	435	225	205	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	125	60	60	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,240	635	605	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,485	635	850	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	12.6	14.8	13.7	12.6	14.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.4	9.4	9.3	9.4	9.4	9.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	9.2	9.6	9.4	9.2	9.6
65 years and over (%)	27.9	24.4	31.3	27.9	24.4	31.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	23,135	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,625	2,410	2,215	20.0	20.3	19.7
0 to 5 years	1,450	750	700	6.3	6.3	6.2
18 to 64 years	13,185	6,875	6,310	57.0	57.8	56.1
65 years and over	5,330	2,605	2,725	23.0	21.9	24.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	545	285	260	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	40	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	420	225	195	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	1.8	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.7	1.9
0 to 5 years (%)	1.9	1.6	2.4	1.9	1.6	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	3.3	3.1	3.2	3.3	3.1
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	23,140	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	15,925	8,110	7,815	68.8	68.2	69.5
In bottom decile	2,390	1,140	1,250	10.3	9.6	11.1
In second decile	3,670	1,840	1,830	15.9	15.5	16.3
In third decile	3,375	1,735	1,645	14.6	14.6	14.6
In fourth decile	3,450	1,790	1,655	14.9	15.0	14.7
In fifth decile	3,040	1,605	1,435	13.1	13.5	12.8
In top half of the distribution	7,210	3,780	3,430	31.2	31.8	30.5
In sixth decile	2,490	1,305	1,185	10.8	11.0	10.5
In seventh decile	1,940	1,015	920	8.4	8.5	8.2
In eighth decile	1,450	755	695	6.3	6.3	6.2
In ninth decile	840	435	405	3.6	3.7	3.6
In top decile	490	270	225	2.1	2.3	2.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	23,135	...	...	23,135	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.425	...	...	0.425	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.235	...	...	0.235	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	23,315	11,970	11,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	85	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
French only	18,210	9,130	9,075	78.1	76.3	80.0
English and French	4,870	2,675	2,200	20.9	22.3	19.4
Neither English nor French	150	110	45	0.6	0.9	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	23,315	11,970	11,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	240	135	105	1.0	1.1	0.9
French	22,865	11,680	11,185	98.1	97.6	98.5
English and French	65	45	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Neither English nor French	150	105	40	0.6	0.9	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	23,315	11,970	11,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,205	11,920	11,285	99.5	99.6	99.4
Official languages	22,700	11,580	11,120	97.4	96.7	98.0
English	200	105	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
French	22,500	11,470	11,025	96.5	95.8	97.1
Non-official languages	500	335	160	2.1	2.8	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	500	335	160	2.1	2.8	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	380	265	115	1.6	2.2	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	15	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	320	230	90	1.4	1.9	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	310	220	90	1.3	1.8	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	50	60	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and French	75	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	23,315	11,970	11,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	90	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	22,330	11,360	10,975	95.8	94.9	96.7
Non-official language	265	200	70	1.1	1.7	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	265	200	70	1.1	1.7	0.6
English and French	350	195	155	1.5	1.6	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	185	105	80	0.8	0.9	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	23,315	11,970	11,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,170	11,885	11,290	99.4	99.3	99.5
Official languages	22,825	11,640	11,190	97.9	97.2	98.6
English	125	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
French	22,705	11,570	11,135	97.4	96.7	98.1
Non-official languages	340	245	95	1.5	2.0	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	340	245	95	1.5	2.0	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	295	215	75	1.3	1.8	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	270	205	70	1.2	1.7	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	275	200	70	1.2	1.7	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	145	80	65	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and French	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	60	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	23,315	11,970	11,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,815	11,680	11,130	97.9	97.6	98.1
English	280	165	120	1.2	1.4	1.1
French	85	50	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	23,140	11,890	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	22,970	11,760	11,205	99.3	98.9	99.6
English	4,960	2,725	2,235	21.4	22.9	19.9
French	22,865	11,690	11,175	98.8	98.3	99.4
Non-official languages	935	520	415	4.0	4.4	3.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	935	520	415	4.0	4.4	3.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	795	455	345	3.4	3.8	3.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	730	420	305	3.2	3.5	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	720	415	305	3.1	3.5	2.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,135	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	375	180	195	1.6	1.5	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	360	180	190	1.6	1.5	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	210	90	120	0.9	0.8	1.1
Métis	150	85	65	0.6	0.7	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	22,765	11,715	11,050	98.4	98.5	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,135	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	23,085	11,870	11,215	99.8	99.8	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,725	...	...	72.2	...	...
Renter	2,965	...	...	27.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	625	...	...	5.8	...	...
Not condominium	10,070	...	...	94.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,060	...	...	9.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,115	...	...	29.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,695	...	...	34.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,790	...	...	26.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,695	...	...	25.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,910	...	...	17.9	...	...
6 rooms	1,640	...	...	15.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,565	...	...	14.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,885	...	...	27.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,670	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,550	...	...	98.6	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,365	...	...	31.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,610	...	...	33.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,075	...	...	10.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	890	...	...	8.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	400	...	...	3.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	450	...	...	4.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	420	...	...	3.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,100	...	...	94.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	595	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,170	...	...	57.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,415	...	...	41.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	110	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	270	...	...	2.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,370	...	...	12.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,580	...	...	14.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,690	...	...	15.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,285	...	...	21.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,035	...	...	19.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,115	...	...	10.4	...	...
85 years and over	345	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,500	...	...	91.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	835	...	...	8.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	805	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,485	...	...	13.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	765	...	...	7.2	...	...
Not suitable only	120	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	520	...	...	4.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,205	...	...	86.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	225	...	...	2.2	...	...
Not in core need	10,080	...	...	97.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,445	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.3	...	...	54.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	665	...	...	665	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	775	...	...	775	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	170,000	...	...	170,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	192,800	...	...	192,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,905	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.4	...	...	14.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	544	...	...	544	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	557	...	...	557	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	23,140	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	310	135	170	1.3	1.1	1.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	295	130	170	1.3	1.1	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	285	120	170	1.2	1.0	1.5
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	285	105	175	1.2	0.9	1.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	285	105	175	1.2	0.9	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	230	75	150	1.0	0.6	1.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	22,545	11,645	10,900	97.4	97.9	96.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	23,140	11,890	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	22,665	11,570	11,095	97.9	97.3	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,570	2,360	2,210	19.7	19.8	19.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	18,090	9,205	8,880	78.2	77.4	79.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	480	325	155	2.1	2.7	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	23,140	11,890	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,440	11,465	10,970	97.0	96.4	97.6
Immigrants⁸¹	295	140	155	1.3	1.2	1.4
Before 1980	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
1980 to 1990	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	75	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	80	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2015	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
2016 to 2021	70	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	405	285	120	1.8	2.4	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	295	140	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	35	15	20	11.9	10.7	12.9
5 to 14 years	75	40	30	25.4	28.6	19.4
15 to 24 years	50	40	15	16.9	28.6	9.7
25 to 44 years	125	45	80	42.4	32.1	51.6
45 years and over	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	295	140	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	30	30	22.0	21.4	19.4
Brazil	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	15	10	8.5	10.7	6.5
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	5.1	7.1	0.0
Europe	175	90	85	59.3	64.3	54.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	45	40	28.8	32.1	25.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	3.4	7.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	30	35	22.0	21.4	22.6
Africa	15	0	0	5.1	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	45	10	35	15.3	7.1	22.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	6.8	0.0	6.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	20	10	10	6.8	7.1	6.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	65	40	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	15.4	25.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	15.4	25.0	0.0
Europe	55	25	25	84.6	62.5	83.3
France	45	25	15	69.2	62.5	50.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	23,135	11,890	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	740	440	300	3.2	3.7	2.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	445	255	190	1.9	2.1	1.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	21,950	11,195	10,755	94.9	94.2	95.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	255	120	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	145	70	75	56.9	58.3	55.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	45	20	25.5	37.5	14.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	80	30	50	31.4	25.0	37.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	80	30	50	31.4	25.0	37.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	15	11.8	12.5	11.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	255	120	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	7.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	15	10	9.8	12.5	7.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	3.9	8.3	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	5.9	0.0	7.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	195	90	105	76.5	75.0	77.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	23,135	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	585	360	230	2.5	3.0	2.0
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Black	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latin American	420	285	140	1.8	2.4	1.2
Southeast Asian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,555	11,535	11,015	97.5	97.0	98.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	23,140	11,890	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	10,530	5,245	5,285	45.5	44.1	47.0
English	165	80	90	0.7	0.7	0.8
Irish	670	330	345	2.9	2.8	3.1
Scottish	190	80	110	0.8	0.7	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,935	2,085	1,850	17.0	17.5	16.5
German	95	35	65	0.4	0.3	0.6
Chinese	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italian	125	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Québécois	3,560	1,815	1,745	15.4	15.3	15.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	2,870	1,520	1,350	12.4	12.8	12.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	565	325	240	2.4	2.7	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	250	90	150	1.1	0.8	1.3
Métis	80	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	205	130	80	0.9	1.1	0.7
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American	100	35	75	0.4	0.3	0.7
Spanish	60	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Acadian	100	60	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	65	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	495	240	255	2.1	2.0	2.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belgian	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	225	145	80	1.0	1.2	0.7
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	145	65	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Brazilian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	85	20	60	0.4	0.2	0.5
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	45	45	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	85	40	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	23,135	11,895	11,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	18,695	9,470	9,220	80.8	79.6	82.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,260	675	580	5.4	5.7	5.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	16,905	8,530	8,375	73.1	71.7	74.5
Christian Orthodox	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	270	155	115	1.2	1.3	1.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	90	20	65	0.4	0.2	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No religion and secular perspectives	4,395	2,385	2,005	19.0	20.1	17.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	22,900	11,810	11,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,860	10,770	10,095	91.1	91.2	91.0
Movers	2,040	1,045	995	8.9	8.8	9.0
Non-migrants	945	500	450	4.1	4.2	4.1
Migrants	1,090	545	545	4.8	4.6	4.9
Internal migrants	970	475	500	4.2	4.0	4.5
Intraprovincial migrants	960	475	485	4.2	4.0	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
External migrants	120	75	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	21,925	11,320	10,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,260	7,925	7,330	69.6	70.0	69.2
Movers	6,665	3,395	3,270	30.4	30.0	30.8
Non-migrants	1,865	950	915	8.5	8.4	8.6
Migrants	4,795	2,440	2,350	21.9	21.6	22.2
Internal migrants	4,365	2,150	2,220	19.9	19.0	20.9
Intraprovincial migrants	4,290	2,115	2,170	19.6	18.7	20.5
Interprovincial migrants	75	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.5
External migrants	430	295	135	2.0	2.6	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,865	3,480	2,380	30.5	35.3	25.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,340	6,375	6,965	69.5	64.7	74.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,660	6,060	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,660	1,775	885	22.8	29.3	15.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,995	4,285	4,715	77.1	70.7	84.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,205	9,860	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,145	2,930	2,210	26.8	29.7	23.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,175	1,900	2,270	21.7	19.3	24.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,885	5,025	4,865	51.5	51.0	52.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,300	4,350	3,950	43.2	44.1	42.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,725	2,970	1,750	24.6	30.1	18.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,540	2,060	1,480	18.4	20.9	15.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,180	910	265	6.1	9.2	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,155	1,230	1,930	16.4	12.5	20.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	420	145	275	2.2	1.5	2.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,590	675	915	8.3	6.8	9.8
Bachelor's degree	1,210	490	725	6.3	5.0	7.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	40	65	0.6	0.4	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	200	110	90	1.0	1.1	1.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,660	6,060	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,150	1,395	760	18.4	23.0	13.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,130	1,100	1,030	18.3	18.2	18.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,375	3,560	3,815	63.3	58.7	68.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,140	3,095	3,040	52.7	51.1	54.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,555	2,125	1,430	30.5	35.1	25.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,685	1,465	1,215	23.0	24.2	21.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	875	660	215	7.5	10.9	3.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,345	900	1,445	20.1	14.9	25.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	70	170	2.1	1.2	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,235	470	770	10.6	7.8	13.8
Bachelor's degree	955	340	610	8.2	5.6	10.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	50	0.7	0.5	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Master's degree	155	85	75	1.3	1.4	1.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,320	4,835	4,485	48.5	49.1	48.0
Education	865	180	680	4.5	1.8	7.3
13. Education	865	180	680	4.5	1.8	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	60	95	0.8	0.6	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	50	95	0.8	0.5	1.0
Humanities	310	130	180	1.6	1.3	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	70	100	0.9	0.7	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
54. History	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	650	110	535	3.4	1.1	5.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	405	20	390	2.1	0.2	4.2
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	65	15	50	0.3	0.2	0.5
45. Social sciences	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Business, management and public administration	1,850	520	1,330	9.6	5.3	14.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	70	0.4	0.0	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,780	520	1,255	9.3	5.3	13.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	50	80	0.7	0.5	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	70	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	70	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,940	2,800	140	15.3	28.4	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	115	100	15	0.6	1.0	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	545	505	35	2.8	5.1	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	570	560	10	3.0	5.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	865	840	25	4.5	8.5	0.3
48. Precision production	800	770	30	4.2	7.8	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	665	500	170	3.5	5.1	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	545	400	150	2.8	4.1	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	100	15	0.6	1.0	0.2
Health and related fields	1,200	155	1,040	6.2	1.6	11.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,130	125	1,005	5.9	1.3	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,040	450	590	5.4	4.6	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	665	130	535	3.5	1.3	5.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	70	50	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	305	265	35	1.6	2.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,660	6,060	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,285	2,495	1,785	36.7	41.2	31.9
Education	520	75	450	4.5	1.2	8.0
13. Education	520	75	450	4.5	1.2	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	50	75	1.1	0.8	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	45	70	1.0	0.7	1.3
Humanities	155	65	95	1.3	1.1	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	45	65	0.9	0.7	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	515	95	420	4.4	1.6	7.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	325	20	305	2.8	0.3	5.4
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.7
45. Social sciences	70	45	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Business, management and public administration	1,540	380	1,160	13.2	6.3	20.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	55	0.5	0.0	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,480	380	1,105	12.7	6.3	19.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	45	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,090	1,980	110	17.9	32.7	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
14. Engineering	100	85	15	0.9	1.4	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	420	390	30	3.6	6.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	380	380	0	3.3	6.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	600	590	15	5.1	9.7	0.3
48. Precision production	545	525	25	4.7	8.7	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	525	390	130	4.5	6.4	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	440	325	120	3.8	5.4	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	70	15	0.7	1.2	0.3
Health and related fields	885	85	795	7.6	1.4	14.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	835	70	765	7.2	1.2	13.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	855	350	505	7.3	5.8	9.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	555	90	465	4.8	1.5	8.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	230	25	2.1	3.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,660	6,060	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,285	2,495	1,785	36.7	41.2	31.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,375	3,560	3,815	63.3	58.7	68.1
Location of study inside Canada	7,170	3,455	3,720	61.5	57.0	66.4
Same as province or territory of residence	7,115	3,430	3,685	61.0	56.6	65.8
Different than province or territory of residence	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	205	110	95	1.8	1.8	1.7
Americas	100	50	45	0.9	0.8	0.8
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	65	40	25	0.6	0.7	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	50	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	19,205	9,860	9,350	...	...	...
In the labour force	12,375	6,765	5,610	...	...	...
Employed	11,865	6,535	5,330	...	...	...
Unemployed	520	230	285	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,825	3,090	3,740	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.4	68.6	60.0	64.4	68.6	60.0
Employment rate	61.8	66.3	57.0	61.8	66.3	57.0
Unemployment rate	4.2	3.4	5.1	4.2	3.4	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	19,205	9,855	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,715	2,975	3,735	35.0	30.2	39.9
Worked	12,495	6,880	5,615	65.1	69.8	60.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,880	4,110	2,775	35.8	41.7	29.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,610	2,770	2,840	29.2	28.1	30.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.8	41.8	42.9	43.8	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	12,375	6,765	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	95	1.3	0.9	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	12,225	6,710	5,520	98.8	99.2	98.4
Employee	10,350	5,620	4,735	83.6	83.1	84.4
Permanent position	8,850	4,890	3,965	71.5	72.3	70.7
Temporary position	1,500	730	770	12.1	10.8	13.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	480	220	260	3.9	3.3	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,020	510	510	8.2	7.5	9.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,870	1,085	780	15.1	16.0	13.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	12,375	6,765	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	95	1.3	0.9	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	12,225	6,710	5,520	98.8	99.2	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	180	135	45	1.5	2.0	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,420	320	1,105	11.5	4.7	19.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	350	105	3.7	5.2	1.9
3 Health occupations	750	80	670	6.1	1.2	11.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,070	205	865	8.6	3.0	15.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	215	110	105	1.7	1.6	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,705	1,025	1,680	21.9	15.2	29.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,715	2,480	235	21.9	36.7	4.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,105	875	225	8.9	12.9	4.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,605	1,125	480	13.0	16.6	8.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	12,375	6,765	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	95	1.3	0.9	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	12,225	6,710	5,520	98.8	99.2	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,275	925	345	10.3	13.7	6.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
23 Construction	960	845	115	7.8	12.5	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,975	2,100	875	24.0	31.0	15.6
41 Wholesale trade	455	345	110	3.7	5.1	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,310	585	725	10.6	8.6	12.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	470	355	115	3.8	5.2	2.0
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	205	40	170	1.7	0.6	3.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	40	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	390	150	235	3.2	2.2	4.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	340	185	155	2.7	2.7	2.8
61 Educational services	575	130	445	4.6	1.9	7.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,405	155	1,250	11.4	2.3	22.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	75	50	1.1	1.1	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	545	185	360	4.4	2.7	6.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	710	360	345	5.7	5.3	6.1
91 Public administration	310	160	145	2.5	2.4	2.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	13,225	7,230	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
French	12,170	6,540	5,630	92.0	90.5	93.9
Non-official language	85	75	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	75	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
English and French	755	485	270	5.7	6.7	4.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	105	60	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	13,225	7,230	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,130	7,180	5,955	99.3	99.3	99.3
Official languages	13,020	7,075	5,950	98.4	97.9	99.2
English	130	85	50	1.0	1.2	0.8
French	12,885	6,990	5,895	97.4	96.7	98.3
Non-official languages	110	100	10	0.8	1.4	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	100	10	0.8	1.4	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	95	10	0.8	1.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	95	0	0.8	1.3	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	95	0	0.8	1.3	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	90	50	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	70	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	13,225	7,230	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,410	6,700	5,705	93.8	92.7	95.2
English	630	395	230	4.8	5.5	3.8
French	80	65	10	0.6	0.9	0.2
Non-official language	75	30	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	75	30	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,860	6,535	5,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,365	705	660	11.5	10.8	12.4
Worked outside Canada	30	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,340	1,010	330	11.3	15.5	6.2
Usual place of work	9,125	4,795	4,330	76.9	73.4	81.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	9,125	4,795	4,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,445	1,855	1,600	37.8	38.7	37.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,820	1,500	1,320	30.9	31.3	30.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,840	1,425	1,415	31.1	29.7	32.7
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,465	5,800	4,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,325	5,195	4,130	89.1	89.6	88.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,890	4,940	3,950	84.9	85.2	84.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	435	255	180	4.2	4.4	3.9
Public transit	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Walked	805	375	430	7.7	6.5	9.2
Bicycle	155	130	20	1.5	2.2	0.4
Other method	155	85	70	1.5	1.5	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,465	5,800	4,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,465	3,035	2,430	52.2	52.3	52.1
15 to 29 minutes	3,165	1,620	1,540	30.2	27.9	33.0
30 to 44 minutes	1,095	635	460	10.5	10.9	9.9
45 to 59 minutes	385	245	135	3.7	4.2	2.9
60 minutes and over	355	265	90	3.4	4.6	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,465	5,800	4,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	800	665	140	7.6	11.5	3.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,315	1,545	765	22.1	26.6	16.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,565	1,840	1,725	34.1	31.7	37.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,705	655	1,050	16.3	11.3	22.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	635	170	460	6.1	2.9	9.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,450	925	520	13.9	15.9	11.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,705	2,450	2,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	430	220	210	9.1	9.0	9.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,275	2,235	2,040	90.9	91.2	90.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,390	1,775	1,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	355	180	175	10.5	10.1	10.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	220	110	110	6.5	6.2	6.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	75	60	3.8	4.2	3.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,040	1,595	1,440	89.7	89.9	88.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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