Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	L'Assomption, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	23,442	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	22,429	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,369	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,206	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	237.4	...	...	237.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	98.74	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	23,445	11,545	11,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,070	2,615	2,450	21.6	22.7	20.6
0 to 4 years	1,515	785	735	6.5	6.8	6.2
5 to 9 years	1,750	900	850	7.5	7.8	7.1
10 to 14 years	1,800	935	870	7.7	8.1	7.3
15 to 64 years	14,375	7,055	7,320	61.3	61.1	61.5
15 to 19 years	1,235	605	630	5.3	5.2	5.3
20 to 24 years	980	515	460	4.2	4.5	3.9
25 to 29 years	1,230	615	615	5.2	5.3	5.2
30 to 34 years	1,545	720	825	6.6	6.2	6.9
35 to 39 years	1,750	835	920	7.5	7.2	7.7
40 to 44 years	1,735	855	875	7.4	7.4	7.4
45 to 49 years	1,430	740	695	6.1	6.4	5.8
50 to 54 years	1,310	640	675	5.6	5.5	5.7
55 to 59 years	1,570	765	805	6.7	6.6	6.8
60 to 64 years	1,595	770	825	6.8	6.7	6.9
65 years and over	4,000	1,875	2,125	17.1	16.2	17.9
65 to 69 years	1,315	630	685	5.6	5.5	5.8
70 to 74 years	1,100	520	580	4.7	4.5	4.9
75 to 79 years	735	370	370	3.1	3.2	3.1
80 to 84 years	410	195	215	1.7	1.7	1.8
85 years and over	445	170	275	1.9	1.5	2.3
85 to 89 years	280	120	165	1.2	1.0	1.4
90 to 94 years	125	40	85	0.5	0.3	0.7
95 to 99 years	30	5	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.6	22.7	20.6	21.6	22.7	20.6
15 to 64 years	61.3	61.1	61.5	61.3	61.1	61.5
65 years and over	17.1	16.2	17.9	17.1	16.2	17.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.5	2.3	1.9	1.5	2.3
Average age of the population	39.7	39.0	40.5	39.7	39.0	40.5
Median age of the population	40.0	39.2	40.4	40.0	39.2	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,495	...	...	59.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	765	...	...	8.3	...	...
Row house	200	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	485	...	...	5.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,995	...	...	21.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	190	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,365	...	...	25.7	...	...
2 persons	3,175	...	...	34.5	...	...
3 persons	1,490	...	...	16.2	...	...
4 persons	1,420	...	...	15.4	...	...
5 or more persons	755	...	...	8.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	23,020	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	18,375	8,925	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,245	5,620	5,625	61.2	63.0	59.6
Married	5,535	2,760	2,780	30.1	30.9	29.4
Living common-law	5,715	2,865	2,850	31.1	32.1	30.2
Living common law - Never married	4,755	2,375	2,380	25.9	26.6	25.2
Living common law - Separated	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	840	435	400	4.6	4.9	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	85	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,125	3,310	3,820	38.8	37.1	40.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,825	2,525	2,295	26.3	28.3	24.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	225	95	130	1.2	1.1	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,190	450	740	6.5	5.0	7.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	890	245	645	4.8	2.7	6.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,700	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,250	...	...	48.5	...	...
3 persons	1,455	...	...	21.7	...	...
4 persons	1,380	...	...	20.6	...	...
5 or more persons	620	...	...	9.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,700	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,535	...	...	82.6	...	...
Married couples	2,685	...	...	40.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,185	...	...	17.7	...	...
Without children	1,500	...	...	22.4	...	...
Common-law couples	2,850	...	...	42.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,720	...	...	25.7	...	...
Without children	1,130	...	...	16.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,165	...	...	17.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	850	...	...	12.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	320	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	23,020	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	19,710	9,785	9,930	85.6	86.1	85.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,070	5,535	5,535	48.1	48.7	47.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,170	315	850	5.1	2.8	7.3
Children⁶	7,475	3,930	3,545	32.5	34.6	30.4
In a two-parent family	5,595	2,910	2,680	24.3	25.6	23.0
In a one-parent family	1,885	1,020	865	8.2	9.0	7.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,305	1,585	1,725	14.4	13.9	14.8
Living alone	2,370	1,110	1,255	10.3	9.8	10.8
Living with other relatives⁷	470	200	270	2.0	1.8	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	470	270	195	2.0	2.4	1.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,165	...	...	67.0	...	...
Couple-family households	5,165	...	...	56.1	...	...
With children⁶	2,715	...	...	29.5	...	...
Without children	2,450	...	...	26.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,000	...	...	10.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	195	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	215	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	235	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	2,370	...	...	25.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,490	8,545	8,945	97.4	97.6	97.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	51,600	39,600	45,200	51,600	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,505	8,555	8,955	97.5	97.7	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	43,600	35,600	39,600	43,600	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,095	8,035	8,065	89.6	91.8	87.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	45,200	29,400	37,200	45,200	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,215	6,735	6,480	73.6	76.9	70.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,800	34,000	41,200	48,800	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,440	6,610	7,830	80.4	75.5	85.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	9,100	12,400	11,000	9,100	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,475	1,305	1,170	13.8	14.9	12.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,280	6,000	5,520	5,280	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,150	2,685	2,460	28.7	30.7	26.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	8,000	6,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,470	8,535	8,930	97.3	97.5	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,550	59,900	45,480	52,550	59,900	45,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,480	8,545	8,935	97.4	97.6	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,360	48,000	38,920	43,360	48,000	38,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,145	8,040	8,105	89.9	91.8	88.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,880	54,950	36,880	45,880	54,950	36,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,215	6,805	6,410	73.6	77.7	69.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,760	55,400	39,680	47,760	55,400	39,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,340	6,530	7,810	79.9	74.6	84.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,340	10,670	13,740	12,340	10,670	13,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,405	1,220	1,185	13.4	13.9	12.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,260	5,930	8,620	7,260	5,930	8,620
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,100	2,640	2,460	28.4	30.2	26.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,420	6,760	8,130	7,420	6,760	8,130
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,755	3,855	2,905	37.6	44.0	31.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	66,500	52,800	60,400	66,500	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,700	73,900	59,450	67,700	73,900	59,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,235	2,325	2,910	29.2	26.6	31.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	27,800	17,400	21,400	27,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	36,040	25,180	30,000	36,040	25,180
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.8	86.4	73.6	80.8	86.4	73.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.8	73.6	62.6	68.8	73.6	62.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.3	13.6	26.4	19.3	13.6	26.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.4	2.5	1.9	1.4	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	3.9	6.0	4.8	3.9	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.5	4.9	4.1	3.5	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	460	210	250	2.6	2.4	2.7
With total income	17,495	8,550	8,950	97.4	97.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,020	435	585	5.8	5.1	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,720	605	1,120	9.8	7.1	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	2,660	1,085	1,575	15.2	12.7	17.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,205	940	1,260	12.6	11.0	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,205	1,060	1,145	12.6	12.4	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,945	990	960	11.1	11.6	10.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,465	795	675	8.4	9.3	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,180	670	505	6.7	7.8	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	970	565	410	5.5	6.6	4.6
$90,000 to $99,999	625	360	270	3.6	4.2	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,490	1,040	445	8.5	12.2	5.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,110	750	355	6.3	8.8	4.0
$150,000 and over	380	285	95	2.2	3.3	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	450	200	245	2.5	2.3	2.7
With after-tax income	17,505	8,550	8,950	97.5	97.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,105	460	645	6.3	5.4	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,835	640	1,195	10.5	7.5	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	3,080	1,290	1,795	17.6	15.1	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,860	1,360	1,495	16.3	15.9	16.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,725	1,360	1,365	15.6	15.9	15.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,060	1,140	915	11.8	13.3	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,550	870	680	8.9	10.2	7.6
$70,000 to $79,999	955	550	405	5.5	6.4	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	540	330	215	3.1	3.9	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	280	195	90	1.6	2.3	1.0
$100,000 and over	515	365	150	2.9	4.3	1.7
$100,000 to $124,999	320	215	105	1.8	2.5	1.2
$125,000 and over	200	150	50	1.1	1.8	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,740	2,025	2,720	26.4	23.1	29.6
With employment income	13,215	6,730	6,480	73.6	76.9	70.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,405	675	725	10.6	10.0	11.2
$5,000 to $9,999	965	350	615	7.3	5.2	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,520	580	940	11.5	8.6	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,240	545	695	9.4	8.1	10.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,280	620	660	9.7	9.2	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,385	650	735	10.5	9.7	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,185	640	550	9.0	9.5	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,040	605	435	7.9	9.0	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	805	495	310	6.1	7.4	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	810	460	350	6.1	6.8	5.4
$90,000 to $99,999	440	285	150	3.3	4.2	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,135	820	315	8.6	12.2	4.9
$100,000 to $124,999	625	440	185	4.7	6.5	2.9
$125,000 and over	510	385	125	3.9	5.7	1.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,145	8,375	8,770	95.5	95.7	95.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	50,800	37,200	43,200	50,800	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,160	8,375	8,785	95.6	95.7	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,800	33,200	38,000	42,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,800	7,920	7,880	88.0	90.5	85.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	47,600	31,200	38,800	47,600	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,270	6,750	6,510	73.9	77.1	70.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	50,000	34,000	41,200	50,000	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,935	5,680	7,255	72.0	64.9	78.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,100	5,760	9,300	8,100	5,760	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,440	1,310	1,130	13.6	15.0	12.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,280	3,960	4,800	4,280	3,960	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,105	8,370	8,725	95.3	95.6	94.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,920	59,100	43,040	50,920	59,100	43,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,115	8,370	8,740	95.3	95.6	95.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	46,920	36,480	41,600	46,920	36,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,720	7,895	7,825	87.6	90.2	85.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,400	56,900	37,880	47,400	56,900	37,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,290	6,850	6,440	74.0	78.2	70.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	55,700	38,920	47,600	55,700	38,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,915	5,630	7,290	71.9	64.3	79.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,690	8,140	10,890	9,690	8,140	10,890
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,340	1,225	1,120	13.0	14.0	12.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,890	5,280	8,660	6,890	5,280	8,660
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,730	3,845	2,885	37.5	43.9	31.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	67,000	48,400	56,400	67,000	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,200	71,900	53,900	64,200	71,900	53,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,980	2,260	2,720	27.7	25.8	29.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	34,000	24,200	28,000	34,000	24,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,680	40,640	29,720	34,680	40,640	29,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.6	90.8	78.8	85.6	90.8	78.8
Employment income (%)	72.6	77.2	66.6	72.6	77.2	66.6
Government transfers (%)	14.4	9.3	21.1	14.4	9.3	21.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.3	2.6	1.9	1.3	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,370	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,840	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	99,700	...	...	99,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,300	...	...	82,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,160	...	...	50,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,760	...	...	41,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	360	...	...	3.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...	2.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	345	...	...	3.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	365	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	370	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	710	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	670	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	595	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	595	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	585	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,850	...	...	41.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,235	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	915	...	...	9.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,110	...	...	12.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	595	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	395	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	330	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	310	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	430	...	...	4.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	455	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	430	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	875	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	765	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	755	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	710	...	...	7.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	660	...	...	7.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,825	...	...	30.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,265	...	...	13.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	820	...	...	8.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	735	...	...	8.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,835	1,385	1,450	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	44,800	35,600	40,000	44,800	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	38,800	32,400	35,600	38,800	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,700	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,600	...	...	116,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,100	...	...	96,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,480	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,800	...	...	79,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,200	...	...	149,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,400	...	...	121,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,780	1,325	1,455	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,080	56,100	42,720	49,080	56,100	42,720
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,000	45,360	37,000	41,000	45,360	37,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	23,020	11,370	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,830	2,990	2,840	25.3	26.3	24.4
0 to 5 years	1,835	940	890	8.0	8.3	7.6
18 to 64 years	13,570	6,650	6,920	58.9	58.5	59.4
65 years and over	3,620	1,725	1,895	15.7	15.2	16.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,600	660	940	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	325	155	175	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	120	50	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	700	315	385	...	...	...
65 years and over	575	190	380	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.0	5.8	8.1	7.0	5.8	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.6	5.1	6.1	5.6	5.1	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.7	5.4	8.0	6.7	5.4	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	4.7	5.6	5.2	4.7	5.6
65 years and over (%)	15.9	11.2	20.2	15.9	11.2	20.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	23,015	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,825	2,990	2,840	25.3	26.3	24.4
0 to 5 years	1,830	935	895	8.0	8.2	7.7
18 to 64 years	13,570	6,650	6,920	59.0	58.5	59.4
65 years and over	3,620	1,730	1,895	15.7	15.2	16.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	155	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	15	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	260	130	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	10	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
0 to 17 years (%)	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7
0 to 5 years (%)	0.6	x	0.8	0.6	x	0.8
18 to 64 years (%)	1.9	2.0	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.9
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.4	1.1	0.8	0.4	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	23,020	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,580	5,540	6,040	50.3	48.7	51.8
In bottom decile	1,300	540	765	5.6	4.8	6.6
In second decile	2,165	1,010	1,150	9.4	8.9	9.9
In third decile	2,575	1,250	1,325	11.2	11.0	11.4
In fourth decile	2,595	1,285	1,310	11.3	11.3	11.2
In fifth decile	2,950	1,455	1,490	12.8	12.8	12.8
In top half of the distribution	11,435	5,825	5,605	49.7	51.3	48.1
In sixth decile	3,140	1,565	1,580	13.6	13.8	13.6
In seventh decile	2,775	1,400	1,375	12.1	12.3	11.8
In eighth decile	2,500	1,295	1,205	10.9	11.4	10.3
In ninth decile	1,875	970	905	8.1	8.5	7.8
In top decile	1,140	600	545	5.0	5.3	4.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	23,015	...	...	23,015	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.267	...	...	0.267	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.380	...	...	0.380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.229	...	...	0.229	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	23,245	11,470	11,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
French only	14,490	6,780	7,710	62.3	59.1	65.4
English and French	8,685	4,655	4,035	37.4	40.6	34.3
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	23,245	11,470	11,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	295	140	155	1.3	1.2	1.3
French	22,765	11,225	11,540	97.9	97.9	98.0
English and French	155	85	65	0.7	0.7	0.6
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	23,245	11,470	11,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,875	11,285	11,595	98.4	98.4	98.4
Official languages	22,015	10,835	11,175	94.7	94.5	94.9
English	245	110	130	1.1	1.0	1.1
French	21,775	10,725	11,045	93.7	93.5	93.8
Non-official languages	865	440	420	3.7	3.8	3.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	860	440	415	3.7	3.8	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	100	75	0.8	0.9	0.6
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	160	90	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	160	90	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	190	80	105	0.8	0.7	0.9
Haitian Creole	145	65	85	0.6	0.6	0.7
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	365	200	165	1.6	1.7	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	325	170	150	1.4	1.5	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	35	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Spanish	220	115	105	0.9	1.0	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	365	185	180	1.6	1.6	1.5
English and French	165	90	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	175	80	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	23,245	11,470	11,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	120	55	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
French	21,545	10,600	10,945	92.7	92.4	92.9
Non-official language	140	65	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	65	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	665	370	300	2.9	3.2	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	545	250	295	2.3	2.2	2.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	225	125	95	1.0	1.1	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	23,245	11,470	11,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,920	11,305	11,620	98.6	98.6	98.6
Official languages	22,665	11,170	11,490	97.5	97.4	97.5
English	180	90	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
French	22,480	11,080	11,400	96.7	96.6	96.8
Non-official languages	260	130	125	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	255	130	125	1.1	1.1	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	110	70	40	0.5	0.6	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	60	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	165	160	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and French	145	75	70	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	135	65	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	23,245	11,470	11,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,065	10,855	11,210	94.9	94.6	95.2
English	520	285	235	2.2	2.5	2.0
French	145	75	65	0.6	0.7	0.6
Non-official language	355	170	190	1.5	1.5	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	355	170	190	1.5	1.5	1.6
English and French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	105	50	50	0.5	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	23,015	11,370	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	22,985	11,355	11,630	99.9	99.9	99.8
English	8,670	4,745	3,925	37.7	41.7	33.7
French	22,975	11,350	11,625	99.8	99.8	99.8
Non-official languages	2,055	935	1,120	8.9	8.2	9.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,045	935	1,105	8.9	8.2	9.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	300	150	150	1.3	1.3	1.3
Berber languages	30	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kabyle	30	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	290	140	150	1.3	1.2	1.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	290	140	150	1.3	1.2	1.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	430	160	270	1.9	1.4	2.3
Haitian Creole	430	160	265	1.9	1.4	2.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,110	535	580	4.8	4.7	5.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,050	500	550	4.6	4.4	4.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	160	90	70	0.7	0.8	0.6
Portuguese	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Spanish	850	385	465	3.7	3.4	4.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	155	80	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lingala	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,015	11,370	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	380	200	180	1.7	1.8	1.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	365	185	180	1.6	1.6	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	210	105	110	0.9	0.9	0.9
Métis	150	75	65	0.7	0.7	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	22,640	11,165	11,475	98.4	98.2	98.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,015	11,370	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,975	11,340	11,640	99.8	99.7	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,790	...	...	73.8	...	...
Renter	2,410	...	...	26.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	885	...	...	9.6	...	...
Not condominium	8,325	...	...	90.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	735	...	...	8.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,625	...	...	28.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,210	...	...	34.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,610	...	...	28.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,285	...	...	24.8	...	...
5 rooms	1,370	...	...	14.9	...	...
6 rooms	1,005	...	...	10.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,330	...	...	14.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,210	...	...	34.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,170	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,990	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	215	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,045	...	...	11.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,895	...	...	20.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,490	...	...	16.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,020	...	...	11.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	670	...	...	7.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,430	...	...	15.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,100	...	...	12.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	555	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,845	...	...	96.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	365	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,500	...	...	48.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,520	...	...	49.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	180	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	130	...	...	1.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,285	...	...	14.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,025	...	...	22.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,685	...	...	18.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,770	...	...	19.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,470	...	...	16.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	700	...	...	7.6	...	...
85 years and over	140	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,920	...	...	86.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,250	...	...	13.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,170	...	...	12.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,730	...	...	18.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,175	...	...	12.8	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	280	...	...	3.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,475	...	...	81.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	490	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not in core need	8,595	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,765	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	73.3	...	...	73.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.5	...	...	9.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,332	...	...	1,332	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	328,000	...	...	328,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	347,200	...	...	347,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,410	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.3	...	...	25.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.6	...	...	14.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	820	...	...	820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	893	...	...	893	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	23,020	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	285	155	125	1.2	1.4	1.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	285	155	125	1.2	1.4	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	265	150	110	1.2	1.3	0.9
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	595	275	325	2.6	2.4	2.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	590	270	320	2.6	2.4	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	525	245	285	2.3	2.2	2.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	22,140	10,940	11,195	96.2	96.3	96.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	23,020	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	22,710	11,265	11,445	98.7	99.1	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,800	3,025	2,780	25.2	26.6	23.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,915	8,240	8,670	73.5	72.5	74.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	305	100	205	1.3	0.9	1.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	23,020	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	21,670	10,755	10,915	94.1	94.6	93.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,315	605	715	5.7	5.3	6.1
Before 1980	125	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
1980 to 1990	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
1991 to 2000	225	115	110	1.0	1.0	0.9
2001 to 2010	425	215	210	1.8	1.9	1.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	455	170	280	2.0	1.5	2.4
2011 to 2015	305	135	165	1.3	1.2	1.4
2016 to 2021	145	35	110	0.6	0.3	0.9
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,320	605	715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	135	55	80	10.2	9.1	11.2
5 to 14 years	285	135	145	21.6	22.3	20.3
15 to 24 years	200	90	115	15.2	14.9	16.1
25 to 44 years	640	310	325	48.5	51.2	45.5
45 years and over	60	15	45	4.5	2.5	6.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,320	605	715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	550	225	320	41.7	37.2	44.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	65	25	35	4.9	4.1	4.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	300	110	190	22.7	18.2	26.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	15	15	2.3	2.5	2.1
Peru	15	10	10	1.1	1.7	1.4
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	20	20	3.0	3.3	2.8
Other places of birth in Americas	95	40	55	7.2	6.6	7.7
Europe	225	120	100	17.0	19.8	14.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	105	45	65	8.0	7.4	9.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	45	30	20	3.4	5.0	2.8
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	10	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Romania	20	15	0	1.5	2.5	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	15	3.0	4.1	2.1
Africa	460	225	240	34.8	37.2	33.6
Algeria	60	30	30	4.5	5.0	4.2
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	70	50	25	5.3	8.3	3.5
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	100	45	55	7.6	7.4	7.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	95	120	16.7	15.7	16.8
Asia	85	35	45	6.4	5.8	6.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	15	10	1.5	2.5	1.4
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	20	1.5	0.0	2.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	150	35	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	15	25	23.3	42.9	22.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	6.7	0.0	9.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	13.3	28.6	9.1
Europe	20	10	0	13.3	28.6	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	6.7	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	0	70	46.7	0.0	63.6
Algeria	15	0	10	10.0	0.0	9.1
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	30	0	30	20.0	0.0	27.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	0	15	13.3	0.0	13.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	23,015	11,370	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,425	655	780	6.2	5.8	6.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,515	735	790	6.6	6.5	6.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	20,070	9,985	10,085	87.2	87.8	86.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,190	550	640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	475	235	240	39.9	42.7	37.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	245	160	80	20.6	29.1	12.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	230	70	160	19.3	12.7	25.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	425	180	245	35.7	32.7	38.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	245	100	140	20.6	18.2	21.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	50	30	15	4.2	5.5	2.3
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,190	550	640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	200	105	100	16.8	19.1	15.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	30	40	5.9	5.5	6.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	0	1.7	2.7	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	30	10	3.4	5.5	1.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	855	370	485	71.8	67.3	75.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	23,015	11,370	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,960	885	1,075	8.5	7.8	9.2
South Asian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black	1,280	570	710	5.6	5.0	6.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	260	110	145	1.1	1.0	1.2
Latin American	290	160	130	1.3	1.4	1.1
Southeast Asian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	21,055	10,480	10,575	91.5	92.2	90.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	23,015	11,365	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,110	3,990	4,125	35.2	35.1	35.4
English	200	80	125	0.9	0.7	1.1
Irish	870	415	460	3.8	3.7	3.9
Scottish	240	125	120	1.0	1.1	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,040	2,495	2,545	21.9	22.0	21.8
German	310	145	165	1.3	1.3	1.4
Chinese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italian	615	280	335	2.7	2.5	2.9
Indian (India)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Polish	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Québécois	4,195	2,095	2,095	18.2	18.4	18.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	2,005	1,015	995	8.7	8.9	8.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	360	185	175	1.6	1.6	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	435	245	185	1.9	2.2	1.6
Métis	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	220	135	85	1.0	1.2	0.7
Russian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	130	60	70	0.6	0.5	0.6
American	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	125	60	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	310	135	175	1.3	1.2	1.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	255	125	130	1.1	1.1	1.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Greek	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	55	40	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Lebanese	80	55	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	250	120	130	1.1	1.1	1.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	115	40	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belgian	205	120	80	0.9	1.1	0.7
Haitian	770	345	425	3.3	3.0	3.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	75	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	115	50	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	80	40	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	55	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Moroccan	155	65	90	0.7	0.6	0.8
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	135	65	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	65	15	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	140	80	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Norman	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	23,015	11,370	11,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	15,590	7,520	8,070	67.7	66.1	69.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,615	790	830	7.0	6.9	7.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	75	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Catholic	13,475	6,515	6,965	58.5	57.3	59.8
Christian Orthodox	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	135	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.6
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	80	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	145	45	100	0.6	0.4	0.9
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	335	160	170	1.5	1.4	1.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	7,035	3,660	3,375	30.6	32.2	29.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	22,725	11,230	11,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,140	10,005	10,135	88.6	89.1	88.2
Movers	2,585	1,225	1,355	11.4	10.9	11.8
Non-migrants	875	405	470	3.9	3.6	4.1
Migrants	1,705	825	885	7.5	7.3	7.7
Internal migrants	1,705	825	885	7.5	7.3	7.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,705	825	885	7.5	7.3	7.7
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	21,470	10,575	10,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,040	6,545	6,495	60.7	61.9	59.6
Movers	8,425	4,020	4,405	39.2	38.0	40.4
Non-migrants	2,435	1,115	1,310	11.3	10.5	12.0
Migrants	5,995	2,905	3,095	27.9	27.5	28.4
Internal migrants	5,870	2,870	3,000	27.3	27.1	27.5
Intraprovincial migrants	5,835	2,845	2,985	27.2	26.9	27.4
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
External migrants	125	30	95	0.6	0.3	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,710	2,050	1,655	20.7	23.4	18.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,245	6,705	7,540	79.3	76.6	82.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,095	5,900	6,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,670	1,025	650	13.8	17.4	10.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,420	4,880	5,550	86.2	82.7	89.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,180	1,675	1,510	17.7	19.1	16.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,090	1,910	2,185	22.8	21.8	23.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,680	5,175	5,505	59.5	59.1	59.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,745	3,975	3,770	43.1	45.4	41.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,725	2,310	1,415	20.7	26.4	15.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,560	1,325	1,230	14.3	15.1	13.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,170	985	185	6.5	11.3	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,325	1,380	1,945	18.5	15.8	21.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	690	280	415	3.8	3.2	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,935	1,200	1,735	16.3	13.7	18.9
Bachelor's degree	2,135	855	1,275	11.9	9.8	13.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	90	145	1.3	1.0	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	440	205	235	2.5	2.3	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,095	5,900	6,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,285	760	520	10.6	12.9	8.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,275	1,170	1,105	18.8	19.8	17.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,535	3,970	4,565	70.6	67.3	73.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,115	3,070	3,045	50.6	52.0	49.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,930	1,785	1,150	24.2	30.3	18.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,030	1,030	1,000	16.8	17.5	16.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	900	755	150	7.4	12.8	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,635	1,055	1,580	21.8	17.9	25.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	545	230	315	4.5	3.9	5.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,425	900	1,520	20.0	15.3	24.5
Bachelor's degree	1,765	645	1,115	14.6	10.9	18.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	60	125	1.5	1.0	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.7
Master's degree	365	160	205	3.0	2.7	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,275	3,580	3,690	40.5	40.9	40.1
Education	1,160	315	850	6.5	3.6	9.2
13. Education	1,160	315	850	6.5	3.6	9.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	155	200	2.0	1.8	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	60	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	95	200	1.6	1.1	2.2
Humanities	435	155	275	2.4	1.8	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	290	110	175	1.6	1.3	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	900	200	700	5.0	2.3	7.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	30	65	0.6	0.3	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	10	235	1.4	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	175	40	135	1.0	0.5	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	150	30	130	0.8	0.3	1.4
45. Social sciences	190	70	120	1.1	0.8	1.3
Business, management and public administration	2,150	780	1,370	12.0	8.9	14.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	20	130	0.9	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,995	755	1,240	11.1	8.6	13.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	245	135	100	1.4	1.5	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	60	45	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
40. Physical sciences	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	385	290	100	2.1	3.3	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	320	255	65	1.8	2.9	0.7
25. Library science	40	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,490	2,320	170	13.9	26.5	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
14. Engineering	230	195	40	1.3	2.2	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	420	380	35	2.3	4.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	790	765	25	4.4	8.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	520	500	15	2.9	5.7	0.2
48. Precision production	465	455	10	2.6	5.2	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	85	60	0.8	1.0	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	65	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Health and related fields	1,370	210	1,160	7.6	2.4	12.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,250	170	1,080	7.0	1.9	11.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,040	525	515	5.8	6.0	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	440	40	405	2.5	0.5	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	380	280	100	2.1	3.2	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	205	15	1.2	2.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,090	5,900	6,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,555	1,925	1,625	29.4	32.6	26.2
Education	910	225	685	7.5	3.8	11.1
13. Education	910	225	685	7.5	3.8	11.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	300	130	175	2.5	2.2	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	45	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	255	80	170	2.1	1.4	2.7
Humanities	265	105	165	2.2	1.8	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	165	65	100	1.4	1.1	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	760	130	630	6.3	2.2	10.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	30	65	0.8	0.5	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	0	220	1.9	0.0	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	145	20	125	1.2	0.3	2.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	105	10	100	0.9	0.2	1.6
45. Social sciences	160	60	100	1.3	1.0	1.6
Business, management and public administration	1,790	595	1,195	14.8	10.1	19.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	10	120	1.1	0.2	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,665	585	1,080	13.8	9.9	17.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	90	65	1.3	1.5	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	330	250	80	2.7	4.2	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	225	45	2.2	3.8	0.7
25. Library science	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,940	1,805	140	16.0	30.6	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
14. Engineering	175	140	30	1.4	2.4	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	355	325	30	2.9	5.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	585	570	20	4.8	9.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	395	380	15	3.3	6.4	0.2
48. Precision production	375	365	10	3.1	6.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	55	55	1.0	0.9	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	1,115	170	945	9.2	2.9	15.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	30	55	0.7	0.5	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,010	140	875	8.4	2.4	14.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	855	430	425	7.1	7.3	6.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	355	30	330	2.9	0.5	5.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	325	240	85	2.7	4.1	1.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	170	160	10	1.4	2.7	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	12,090	5,900	6,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,555	1,925	1,625	29.4	32.6	26.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,540	3,975	4,565	70.6	67.4	73.7
Location of study inside Canada	8,225	3,830	4,400	68.0	64.9	71.0
Same as province or territory of residence	8,160	3,795	4,365	67.5	64.3	70.5
Different than province or territory of residence	70	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	310	140	170	2.6	2.4	2.7
Americas	90	40	50	0.7	0.7	0.8
United States of America	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Europe	100	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	65	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	100	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Morocco	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Asia	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	17,955	8,755	9,200	...	...	...
In the labour force	12,260	6,350	5,905	...	...	...
Employed	11,620	6,060	5,570	...	...	...
Unemployed	630	295	340	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,700	2,405	3,295	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.3	72.5	64.2	68.3	72.5	64.2
Employment rate	64.7	69.2	60.5	64.7	69.2	60.5
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.6	5.8	5.1	4.6	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	17,955	8,755	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,620	2,380	3,240	31.3	27.2	35.2
Worked	12,330	6,370	5,960	68.7	72.8	64.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,870	3,930	2,935	38.3	44.9	31.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,460	2,445	3,020	30.4	27.9	32.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.8	41.3	42.6	43.8	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	12,260	6,345	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	75	110	1.5	1.2	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	12,070	6,270	5,800	98.5	98.8	98.1
Employee	10,805	5,495	5,310	88.1	86.6	89.8
Permanent position	9,275	4,755	4,520	75.7	74.9	76.5
Temporary position	1,530	740	795	12.5	11.7	13.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	545	245	300	4.4	3.9	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	985	490	495	8.0	7.7	8.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,270	780	485	10.4	12.3	8.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	12,260	6,345	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	75	110	1.5	1.2	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	12,070	6,270	5,800	98.5	98.8	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	265	200	70	2.2	3.2	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,910	650	1,265	15.6	10.2	21.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	605	465	135	4.9	7.3	2.3
3 Health occupations	1,005	135	870	8.2	2.1	14.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,010	585	1,425	16.4	9.2	24.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	315	155	160	2.6	2.4	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	2,670	1,160	1,510	21.8	18.3	25.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,600	2,380	215	21.2	37.5	3.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	195	165	30	1.6	2.6	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	500	385	110	4.1	6.1	1.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	12,260	6,345	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	75	110	1.5	1.2	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	12,070	6,270	5,800	98.5	98.8	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	150	90	55	1.2	1.4	0.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	30	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
22 Utilities	110	85	30	0.9	1.3	0.5
23 Construction	1,325	1,145	180	10.8	18.0	3.0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,145	860	285	9.3	13.6	4.8
41 Wholesale trade	370	260	110	3.0	4.1	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	1,195	560	635	9.7	8.8	10.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	690	525	165	5.6	8.3	2.8
51 Information and cultural industries	180	120	60	1.5	1.9	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	370	165	205	3.0	2.6	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	85	85	1.3	1.3	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	620	335	285	5.1	5.3	4.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	525	315	205	4.3	5.0	3.5
61 Educational services	1,310	365	945	10.7	5.8	16.0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,905	310	1,595	15.5	4.9	27.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	150	100	55	1.2	1.6	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	525	235	290	4.3	3.7	4.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	545	280	265	4.4	4.4	4.5
91 Public administration	725	395	330	5.9	6.2	5.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,950	6,660	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	115	70	45	0.9	1.1	0.7
French	11,030	5,450	5,580	85.2	81.8	88.8
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,725	1,090	630	13.3	16.4	10.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	35	20	0.5	0.5	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,950	6,660	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,755	6,525	6,235	98.5	98.0	99.2
Official languages	12,745	6,520	6,225	98.4	97.9	99.0
English	355	245	105	2.7	3.7	1.7
French	12,390	6,275	6,120	95.7	94.2	97.4
Non-official languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	190	140	50	1.5	2.1	0.8
English and French	185	135	50	1.4	2.0	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,950	6,660	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,325	5,650	5,675	87.5	84.8	90.3
English	1,335	810	530	10.3	12.2	8.4
French	230	170	60	1.8	2.6	1.0
Non-official language	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,625	6,055	5,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,745	850	895	15.0	14.0	16.1
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,560	1,230	330	13.4	20.3	5.9
Usual place of work	8,305	3,960	4,340	71.4	65.4	78.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,305	3,960	4,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,930	810	1,120	23.2	20.5	25.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,720	600	1,120	20.7	15.2	25.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,645	2,550	2,095	55.9	64.4	48.2
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	9,865	5,195	4,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,205	4,940	4,265	93.3	95.1	91.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,880	4,810	4,070	90.0	92.6	87.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	320	125	200	3.2	2.4	4.3
Public transit	165	65	105	1.7	1.3	2.2
Walked	345	115	225	3.5	2.2	4.8
Bicycle	60	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Other method	95	40	55	1.0	0.8	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	9,865	5,195	4,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,015	845	1,170	20.4	16.3	25.0
15 to 29 minutes	3,120	1,300	1,825	31.6	25.0	39.0
30 to 44 minutes	2,425	1,520	905	24.6	29.3	19.4
45 to 59 minutes	1,180	760	415	12.0	14.6	8.9
60 minutes and over	1,125	760	360	11.4	14.6	7.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	9,865	5,195	4,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,225	945	280	12.4	18.2	6.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,900	1,195	700	19.3	23.0	15.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,425	1,000	1,425	24.6	19.2	30.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,730	650	1,085	17.5	12.5	23.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	870	300	570	8.8	5.8	12.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,730	1,110	620	17.5	21.4	13.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,920	3,035	2,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	425	220	205	7.2	7.2	7.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,495	2,815	2,680	92.8	92.8	92.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,295	2,200	2,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	290	150	145	6.8	6.8	6.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	160	90	75	3.7	4.1	3.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	60	65	3.0	2.7	3.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,000	2,050	1,955	93.1	93.2	93.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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