Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Hudson, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,411	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	5,157^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.9	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,447	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,338	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	248.4	...	...	248.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21.79	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,410	2,610	2,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	730	360	370	13.5	13.8	13.2
0 to 4 years	185	85	95	3.4	3.3	3.4
5 to 9 years	240	120	120	4.4	4.6	4.3
10 to 14 years	300	145	155	5.5	5.6	5.5
15 to 64 years	3,005	1,450	1,550	55.5	55.6	55.3
15 to 19 years	310	155	155	5.7	5.9	5.5
20 to 24 years	220	120	95	4.1	4.6	3.4
25 to 29 years	150	85	65	2.8	3.3	2.3
30 to 34 years	155	80	80	2.9	3.1	2.9
35 to 39 years	245	110	135	4.5	4.2	4.8
40 to 44 years	285	145	140	5.3	5.6	5.0
45 to 49 years	305	130	180	5.6	5.0	6.4
50 to 54 years	370	170	200	6.8	6.5	7.1
55 to 59 years	480	230	245	8.9	8.8	8.7
60 to 64 years	485	225	260	9.0	8.6	9.3
65 years and over	1,675	800	875	31.0	30.7	31.2
65 to 69 years	525	245	275	9.7	9.4	9.8
70 to 74 years	420	215	200	7.8	8.2	7.1
75 to 79 years	355	150	205	6.6	5.7	7.3
80 to 84 years	200	110	90	3.7	4.2	3.2
85 years and over	185	80	105	3.4	3.1	3.7
85 to 89 years	110	45	65	2.0	1.7	2.3
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	0.8	0.8	0.9
95 to 99 years	25	5	15	0.5	0.2	0.5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.5	13.8	13.2	13.5	13.8	13.2
15 to 64 years	55.5	55.6	55.3	55.5	55.6	55.3
65 years and over	31.0	30.7	31.2	31.0	30.7	31.2
85 years and over	3.4	3.1	3.7	3.4	3.1	3.7
Average age of the population	48.9	48.3	49.5	48.9	48.3	49.5
Median age of the population	54.0	53.6	54.4	54.0	53.6	54.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,060	...	...	88.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	50	...	...	2.1	...	...
Row house	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	165	...	...	7.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	620	...	...	26.6	...	...
2 persons	980	...	...	42.0	...	...
3 persons	315	...	...	13.5	...	...
4 persons	285	...	...	12.2	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...	5.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,410	2,610	2,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,680	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,040	1,525	1,510	65.0	67.8	62.1
Married	2,390	1,195	1,190	51.1	53.1	49.0
Living common-law	650	330	320	13.9	14.7	13.2
Living common law - Never married	395	195	200	8.4	8.7	8.2
Living common law - Separated	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	215	115	100	4.6	5.1	4.1
Living common law - Widowed	25	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	1,645	725	915	35.1	32.2	37.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	955	515	440	20.4	22.9	18.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	85	30	50	1.8	1.3	2.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	310	115	200	6.6	5.1	8.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	300	65	235	6.4	2.9	9.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	995	...	...	58.7	...	...
3 persons	310	...	...	18.3	...	...
4 persons	285	...	...	16.8	...	...
5 or more persons	110	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,510	...	...	89.1	...	...
Married couples	1,180	...	...	69.6	...	...
With children⁶	490	...	...	28.9	...	...
Without children	685	...	...	40.4	...	...
Common-law couples	325	...	...	19.2	...	...
With children⁶	125	...	...	7.4	...	...
Without children	200	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	195	...	...	11.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	140	...	...	8.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	50	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,620	2,290	2,330	85.4	87.7	83.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,010	1,510	1,500	55.6	57.9	53.6
Parents in one-parent families	190	50	140	3.5	1.9	5.0
Children⁶	1,420	730	685	26.2	28.0	24.5
In a two-parent family	1,120	575	545	20.7	22.0	19.5
In a one-parent family	300	160	145	5.5	6.1	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	790	315	470	14.6	12.1	16.8
Living alone	625	245	375	11.6	9.4	13.4
Living with other relatives⁷	90	35	55	1.7	1.3	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	75	40	40	1.4	1.5	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,585	...	...	67.9	...	...
Couple-family households	1,420	...	...	60.8	...	...
With children⁶	575	...	...	24.6	...	...
Without children	845	...	...	36.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	165	...	...	7.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	40	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	1.7	...	...
One-person households	625	...	...	26.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,685	2,255	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,545	2,200	2,350	97.0	97.6	96.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	56,400	40,000	46,800	56,400	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,545	2,200	2,350	97.0	97.6	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	47,600	34,800	40,400	47,600	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,240	2,075	2,175	90.5	92.0	89.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	51,600	29,600	38,000	51,600	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,985	1,540	1,445	63.7	68.3	59.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	45,600	28,800	36,000	45,600	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,485	1,560	1,925	74.4	69.2	79.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,500	13,800	13,400	13,500	13,800	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	100	175	5.9	4.4	7.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,600	5,720	5,720	5,600	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,155	575	590	24.7	25.5	24.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,680	2,255	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,520	2,210	2,315	96.6	98.0	95.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	76,200	101,200	52,250	76,200	101,200	52,250
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,520	2,210	2,315	96.6	98.0	95.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,800	62,000	42,040	51,800	62,000	42,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,275	2,115	2,155	91.3	93.8	88.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,000	96,000	44,440	70,000	96,000	44,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,985	1,575	1,410	63.8	69.8	58.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,900	94,100	44,960	70,900	94,100	44,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,435	1,540	1,900	73.4	68.3	78.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,200	13,180	13,200	13,200	13,180	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	295	125	170	6.3	5.5	7.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	7,000	9,100	8,200	7,000	9,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,095	585	505	23.4	25.9	20.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,240	9,080	9,440	9,240	9,080	9,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,680	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,285	710	580	27.5	31.6	23.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	83,000	101,000	65,500	83,000	101,000	65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	133,200	178,400	77,200	133,200	178,400	77,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,225	600	625	26.2	26.7	25.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,000	14,400	15,200	15,000	14,400	15,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,550	31,500	25,700	28,550	31,500	25,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.8	91.0	79.2	86.8	91.0	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.4	66.4	52.4	61.4	66.4	52.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.2	9.1	20.8	13.2	9.1	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	1.3	0.7	0.4	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.3	2.6	4.6	3.3	2.6	4.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.9	2.4	3.9	2.9	2.4	3.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,680	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	135	55	80	2.9	2.4	3.3
With total income	4,545	2,195	2,350	97.1	97.6	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	390	165	225	8.6	7.5	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	485	175	305	10.7	8.0	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	640	280	365	14.1	12.8	15.5
$30,000 to $39,999	455	180	280	10.0	8.2	11.9
$40,000 to $49,999	425	180	240	9.4	8.2	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	370	160	215	8.1	7.3	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	290	145	140	6.4	6.6	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	225	125	105	5.0	5.7	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	225	110	110	5.0	5.0	4.7
$90,000 to $99,999	185	95	85	4.1	4.3	3.6
$100,000 and over	855	585	275	18.8	26.7	11.7
$100,000 to $149,999	440	280	160	9.7	12.8	6.8
$150,000 and over	415	300	110	9.1	13.7	4.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,680	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	135	55	80	2.9	2.4	3.3
With after-tax income	4,545	2,195	2,350	97.1	97.6	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	470	185	285	10.3	8.4	12.1
$10,000 to $19,999	485	185	300	10.7	8.4	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	725	310	415	16.0	14.1	17.7
$30,000 to $39,999	560	230	335	12.3	10.5	14.3
$40,000 to $49,999	520	235	280	11.4	10.7	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	410	185	225	9.0	8.4	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	310	165	140	6.8	7.5	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	250	135	115	5.5	6.2	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	180	110	70	4.0	5.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	120	75	45	2.6	3.4	1.9
$100,000 and over	520	370	150	11.4	16.9	6.4
$100,000 to $124,999	220	145	80	4.8	6.6	3.4
$125,000 and over	300	230	75	6.6	10.5	3.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,680	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,695	715	985	36.2	31.8	40.5
With employment income	2,985	1,535	1,450	63.8	68.2	59.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	635	330	310	21.3	21.5	21.4
$5,000 to $9,999	250	105	145	8.4	6.8	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	300	140	165	10.1	9.1	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	210	95	115	7.0	6.2	7.9
$30,000 to $39,999	150	65	85	5.0	4.2	5.9
$40,000 to $49,999	160	75	85	5.4	4.9	5.9
$50,000 to $59,999	185	75	105	6.2	4.9	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	145	65	75	4.9	4.2	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	135	60	65	4.5	3.9	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	155	75	80	5.2	4.9	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	95	55	45	3.2	3.6	3.1
$100,000 and over	560	395	165	18.8	25.7	11.4
$100,000 to $124,999	165	105	60	5.5	6.8	4.1
$125,000 and over	395	285	105	13.2	18.6	7.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,685	2,255	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,450	2,140	2,315	95.0	94.9	95.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	57,200	38,800	46,400	57,200	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,455	2,140	2,315	95.1	94.9	95.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	47,600	33,600	39,200	47,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,195	2,035	2,160	89.5	90.2	88.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	53,200	32,800	40,000	53,200	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,030	1,545	1,485	64.7	68.5	61.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,400	33,200	38,000	46,400	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,125	1,365	1,760	66.7	60.5	72.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,200	10,000	10,300	10,200	10,000	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	230	100	135	4.9	4.4	5.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	4,160	6,950	5,200	4,160	6,950
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,680	2,255	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,485	2,195	2,290	95.8	97.3	94.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	74,100	99,200	50,000	74,100	99,200	50,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,495	2,195	2,300	96.0	97.3	94.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,150	68,000	39,000	53,150	68,000	39,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,235	2,085	2,150	90.5	92.5	88.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	71,100	97,900	45,000	71,100	97,900	45,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,995	1,570	1,425	64.0	69.6	58.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,200	96,200	45,680	72,200	96,200	45,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,165	1,360	1,805	67.6	60.3	74.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,840	9,770	9,900	9,840	9,770	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	215	90	125	4.6	4.0	5.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,280	4,100	7,800	6,280	4,100	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,680	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,300	720	575	27.8	32.0	23.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,000	92,000	58,400	77,000	92,000	58,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	124,500	167,600	70,400	124,500	167,600	70,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,145	560	585	24.5	24.9	24.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	21,200	25,400	23,200	21,200	25,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,200	44,000	32,600	38,200	44,000	32,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.6	93.8	84.4	90.6	93.8	84.4
Employment income (%)	65.0	69.6	56.7	65.0	69.6	56.7
Government transfers (%)	9.4	6.1	15.6	9.4	6.1	15.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.2	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	625	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,715	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,335	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	147,200	...	...	147,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,200	...	...	100,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	620	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	75,200	...	...	75,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	173,400	...	...	173,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,400	...	...	116,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	2.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	6.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...	5.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	140	...	...	6.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	5.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,180	...	...	50.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	265	...	...	11.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	9.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	280	...	...	12.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	430	...	...	18.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	3.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	175	...	...	7.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	185	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	155	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	165	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	930	...	...	39.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	310	...	...	13.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	185	...	...	7.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	435	...	...	18.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	700	285	415	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	51,600	43,200	46,000	51,600	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	43,200	37,200	39,200	43,200	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	173,600	...	...	173,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	840	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	142,800	...	...	142,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,200	...	...	106,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	635	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	236,000	...	...	236,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	720	300	420	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	73,600	106,000	50,600	73,600	106,000	50,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,300	72,500	41,600	54,300	72,500	41,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	905	450	455	16.7	17.2	16.3
0 to 5 years	240	115	120	4.4	4.4	4.3
18 to 64 years	2,825	1,355	1,470	52.2	51.9	52.5
65 years and over	1,675	800	875	31.0	30.7	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	480	210	265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	40	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	225	110	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	180	60	120	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	8.1	9.6	8.9	8.1	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	9.2	7.6	8.4	9.2	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	9.0	8.0	8.0	9.0	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	8.2	7.8	8.0	8.2	7.8
65 years and over (%)	10.8	7.4	13.8	10.8	7.4	13.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	910	450	455	16.8	17.2	16.3
0 to 5 years	235	115	120	4.3	4.4	4.3
18 to 64 years	2,830	1,360	1,470	52.3	52.1	52.5
65 years and over	1,675	805	875	31.0	30.8	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	165	80	90	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	30	10	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	100	50	55	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	2.8	3.6	3.0	2.8	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	x	x	2.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.7	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.5
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	2.6	2.4	2.0	2.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,410	2,610	2,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,085	970	1,115	38.5	37.2	39.8
In bottom decile	415	190	220	7.7	7.3	7.8
In second decile	405	180	220	7.5	6.9	7.8
In third decile	385	185	200	7.1	7.1	7.1
In fourth decile	435	205	225	8.0	7.9	8.0
In fifth decile	450	205	245	8.3	7.9	8.7
In top half of the distribution	3,325	1,640	1,685	61.5	62.8	60.1
In sixth decile	520	240	280	9.6	9.2	10.0
In seventh decile	560	270	285	10.4	10.3	10.2
In eighth decile	535	270	265	9.9	10.3	9.4
In ninth decile	640	315	325	11.8	12.1	11.6
In top decile	1,075	545	530	19.9	20.9	18.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,410	...	...	5,410	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.424	...	...	0.424	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.511	...	...	0.511	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.357	...	...	0.357	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,285	625	665	23.8	23.9	23.8
French only	170	75	95	3.1	2.9	3.4
English and French	3,940	1,905	2,035	72.8	73.0	72.7
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,890	1,915	1,970	71.9	73.4	70.4
French	1,390	635	755	25.7	24.3	27.0
English and French	125	60	70	2.3	2.3	2.5
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,120	2,475	2,645	94.6	94.8	94.5
Official languages	4,590	2,210	2,375	84.8	84.7	84.8
English	3,265	1,610	1,655	60.4	61.7	59.1
French	1,325	600	720	24.5	23.0	25.7
Non-official languages	535	270	270	9.9	10.3	9.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	535	265	270	9.9	10.2	9.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0.4	0.6	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	440	220	220	8.1	8.4	7.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	105	45	60	1.9	1.7	2.1
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages	100	45	55	1.8	1.7	2.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Czech	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
Russian	35	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	130	65	60	2.4	2.5	2.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	50	45	1.7	1.9	1.6
German	85	45	40	1.6	1.7	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	20	5	0.5	0.8	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	15	5	0.5	0.6	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Danish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	80	75	2.9	3.1	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	45	40	1.7	1.7	1.4
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Romanian	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	290	135	155	5.4	5.2	5.5
English and French	215	100	115	4.0	3.8	4.1
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,455	1,675	1,775	63.9	64.2	63.4
French	860	405	455	15.9	15.5	16.3
Non-official language	50	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.7
English and French	710	340	370	13.1	13.0	13.2
English and non-official language(s)	180	90	85	3.3	3.4	3.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	135	55	75	2.5	2.1	2.7
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,190	2,500	2,685	95.9	95.8	95.9
Official languages	5,080	2,450	2,635	93.9	93.9	94.1
English	4,055	1,975	2,075	75.0	75.7	74.1
French	1,030	480	555	19.0	18.4	19.8
Non-official languages	110	55	55	2.0	2.1	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	55	55	2.0	2.1	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	1.8	1.7	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	10	5	0.2	0.4	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
German	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	5	0.4	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	105	115	4.2	4.0	4.1
English and French	155	75	85	2.9	2.9	3.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,550	2,195	2,355	84.1	84.1	84.1
English	185	85	105	3.4	3.3	3.8
French	430	210	220	7.9	8.0	7.9
Non-official language	135	70	65	2.5	2.7	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	70	65	2.5	2.7	2.3
English and French	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	45	1.3	1.1	1.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,395	2,600	2,795	99.7	99.6	99.8
English	5,190	2,525	2,660	95.9	96.7	95.0
French	4,145	1,985	2,160	76.6	76.1	77.1
Non-official languages	950	415	530	17.6	15.9	18.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	950	415	530	17.6	15.9	18.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	830	360	470	15.3	13.8	16.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	70	105	3.2	2.7	3.8
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	165	65	95	3.0	2.5	3.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Czech	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	70	25	45	1.3	1.0	1.6
Russian	90	45	45	1.7	1.7	1.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	155	145	5.5	5.9	5.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	275	150	130	5.1	5.7	4.6
German	275	150	130	5.1	5.7	4.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.7
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	25	30	0.9	1.0	1.1
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	355	135	225	6.6	5.2	8.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	35	65	1.8	1.3	2.3
Portuguese	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Romanian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Spanish	260	90	170	4.8	3.4	6.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	10	30	0.7	0.4	1.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Hungarian	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,415	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	60	25	35	1.1	1.0	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	45	20	25	0.8	0.8	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	20	20	0.6	0.8	0.7
Métis	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	5,345	2,580	2,765	98.7	98.9	98.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,415	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,385	2,600	2,785	99.4	99.6	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,065	...	...	88.2	...	...
Renter	270	...	...	11.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	85	...	...	3.6	...	...
Not condominium	2,250	...	...	96.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	120	...	...	5.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	385	...	...	16.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	885	...	...	37.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	945	...	...	40.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	260	...	...	11.1	...	...
5 rooms	200	...	...	8.5	...	...
6 rooms	305	...	...	13.0	...	...
7 rooms	265	...	...	11.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,305	...	...	55.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.9	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,320	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	895	...	...	38.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	535	...	...	22.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	310	...	...	13.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	120	...	...	5.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...	5.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	105	...	...	4.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	135	...	...	5.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	120	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,155	...	...	92.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	180	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,170	...	...	50.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,115	...	...	47.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	50	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	105	...	...	4.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	260	...	...	11.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	355	...	...	15.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	545	...	...	23.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	545	...	...	23.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	350	...	...	15.0	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,325	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,895	...	...	81.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	430	...	...	18.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	380	...	...	16.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	575	...	...	24.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	380	...	...	16.2	...	...
Not suitable only	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	130	...	...	5.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	2.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,765	...	...	75.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	135	...	...	5.9	...	...
Not in core need	2,145	...	...	94.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,065	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.1	...	...	51.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1	...	...	15.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,250	...	...	1,250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,554	...	...	1,554	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	728,000	...	...	728,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	275	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	18.2	...	...	18.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	44.4	...	...	44.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.3	...	...	17.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	110	40	70	2.0	1.5	2.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	110	40	70	2.0	1.5	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	105	40	70	1.9	1.5	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,295	2,575	2,725	97.9	98.7	97.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,410	2,610	2,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,200	2,525	2,675	96.1	96.7	95.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	875	410	465	16.2	15.7	16.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,325	2,115	2,210	79.9	81.0	78.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	210	85	125	3.9	3.3	4.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,410	2,610	2,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,435	2,115	2,320	82.0	81.0	82.7
Immigrants⁸¹	960	490	465	17.7	18.8	16.6
Before 1980	495	265	230	9.1	10.2	8.2
1980 to 1990	110	60	50	2.0	2.3	1.8
1991 to 2000	100	45	60	1.8	1.7	2.1
2001 to 2010	135	60	75	2.5	2.3	2.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	65	50	2.1	2.5	1.8
2011 to 2015	35	20	20	0.6	0.8	0.7
2016 to 2021	80	45	30	1.5	1.7	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	955	490	465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	110	60	45	11.5	12.2	9.7
5 to 14 years	145	85	60	15.2	17.3	12.9
15 to 24 years	245	115	130	25.7	23.5	28.0
25 to 44 years	405	205	200	42.4	41.8	43.0
45 years and over	50	20	30	5.2	4.1	6.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	955	490	465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	150	75	75	15.7	15.3	16.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	105	60	50	11.0	12.2	10.8
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.2
Europe	695	360	340	72.8	73.5	73.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	65	25	45	6.8	5.1	9.7
Germany	90	55	40	9.4	11.2	8.6
Greece	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Hungary	20	10	10	2.1	2.0	2.2
Italy	25	0	15	2.6	0.0	3.2
Netherlands	20	15	10	2.1	3.1	2.2
Poland	20	10	10	2.1	2.0	2.2
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	2.1	2.0	2.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	1.6	2.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	265	155	115	27.7	31.6	24.7
Other places of birth in Europe	115	45	65	12.0	9.2	14.0
Africa	30	15	15	3.1	3.1	3.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	2.1	2.0	2.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	45	35	8.9	9.2	7.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	15	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	15	15	3.1	3.1	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	10	10	2.1	2.0	2.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	0	2.1	2.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	45	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	12.5	22.2	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	25	20	56.3	55.6	66.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	25.0	33.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	18.8	22.2	33.3
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	15	15	37.5	33.3	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	18.8	22.2	33.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,060	545	520	19.6	20.9	18.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,120	555	565	20.7	21.3	20.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,230	1,505	1,725	59.7	57.7	61.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	460	230	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	295	170	125	64.1	73.9	53.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	135	105	35	29.3	45.7	14.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	160	65	95	34.8	28.3	40.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	155	55	105	33.7	23.9	44.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	2.2	4.3	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	460	230	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	110	60	50	23.9	26.1	21.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	5.4	6.5	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10	4.3	4.3	4.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	295	140	160	64.1	60.9	68.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,415	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	250	135	115	4.6	5.2	4.1
South Asian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Chinese	50	30	25	0.9	1.1	0.9
Black	55	45	10	1.0	1.7	0.4
Filipino	35	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.5
Arab	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Latin American	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
West Asian	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,155	2,470	2,685	95.2	94.6	95.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,410	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	910	445	470	16.8	17.0	16.8
English	1,110	575	535	20.5	22.0	19.1
Irish	1,140	560	585	21.1	21.5	20.9
Scottish	1,035	525	510	19.1	20.1	18.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,210	575	640	22.4	22.0	22.9
German	450	220	230	8.3	8.4	8.2
Chinese	55	30	25	1.0	1.1	0.9
Italian	355	155	200	6.6	5.9	7.1
Indian (India)	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Ukrainian	145	75	75	2.7	2.9	2.7
Dutch	105	55	60	1.9	2.1	2.1
Polish	245	125	120	4.5	4.8	4.3
Québécois	135	50	75	2.5	1.9	2.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	345	140	205	6.4	5.4	7.3
Filipino	35	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
French Canadian	240	125	115	4.4	4.8	4.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	55	30	20	1.0	1.1	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Métis	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	90	55	35	1.7	2.1	1.3
Russian	140	75	65	2.6	2.9	2.3
Norwegian	105	45	55	1.9	1.7	2.0
Welsh	85	65	20	1.6	2.5	0.7
Portuguese	65	20	45	1.2	0.8	1.6
American	95	35	55	1.8	1.3	2.0
Spanish	50	10	35	0.9	0.4	1.3
Swedish	55	25	30	1.0	1.0	1.1
Hungarian	80	40	35	1.5	1.5	1.3
Acadian	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Jewish	65	40	30	1.2	1.5	1.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	80	40	40	1.5	1.5	1.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	25	15	0.6	1.0	0.5
Lebanese	75	45	30	1.4	1.7	1.1
Iranian	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.5
Danish	45	40	10	0.8	1.5	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	65	30	30	1.2	1.1	1.1
Belgian	45	30	15	0.8	1.1	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	110	55	55	2.0	2.1	2.0
Finnish	45	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.9
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	35	10	25	0.6	0.4	0.9
Czech	20	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Turkish	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Slovak	40	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.7
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	40	25	15	0.7	1.0	0.5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	55	10	45	1.0	0.4	1.6
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Latvian	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,415	2,610	2,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
Christian	3,335	1,495	1,835	61.6	57.3	65.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	210	95	115	3.9	3.6	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	430	180	255	7.9	6.9	9.1
Baptist	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Catholic	1,960	855	1,100	36.2	32.8	39.3
Christian Orthodox	90	40	50	1.7	1.5	1.8
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	75	40	35	1.4	1.5	1.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	50	30	25	0.9	1.1	0.9
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	255	145	115	4.7	5.6	4.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	235	110	120	4.3	4.2	4.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	75	40	40	1.4	1.5	1.4
Muslim	70	40	25	1.3	1.5	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	0	30	0.6	0.0	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	1,870	1,020	850	34.5	39.1	30.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,370	2,590	2,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,780	2,325	2,450	89.0	89.8	88.1
Movers	590	265	325	11.0	10.2	11.7
Non-migrants	140	55	80	2.6	2.1	2.9
Migrants	450	210	240	8.4	8.1	8.6
Internal migrants	440	205	235	8.2	7.9	8.5
Intraprovincial migrants	385	175	210	7.2	6.8	7.6
Interprovincial migrants	60	35	25	1.1	1.4	0.9
External migrants	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,225	2,535	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,215	1,610	1,605	61.5	63.5	59.7
Movers	2,010	925	1,085	38.5	36.5	40.3
Non-migrants	315	130	185	6.0	5.1	6.9
Migrants	1,695	795	900	32.4	31.4	33.5
Internal migrants	1,605	760	845	30.7	30.0	31.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,410	670	740	27.0	26.4	27.5
Interprovincial migrants	190	85	105	3.6	3.4	3.9
External migrants	95	40	55	1.8	1.6	2.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,680	2,255	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	365	175	190	7.8	7.8	7.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,320	2,080	2,240	92.3	92.2	92.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,475	1,180	1,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	50	30	3.2	4.2	2.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,395	1,125	1,270	96.8	95.3	98.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,685	2,255	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	325	150	175	6.9	6.7	7.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	945	435	510	20.2	19.3	21.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,410	1,665	1,750	72.8	73.8	72.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,465	710	755	31.3	31.5	31.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	320	205	110	6.8	9.1	4.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	210	125	85	4.5	5.5	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	105	85	20	2.2	3.8	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	990	440	545	21.1	19.5	22.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	65	95	3.4	2.9	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,945	950	995	41.5	42.1	40.9
Bachelor's degree	1,130	555	575	24.1	24.6	23.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	80	85	3.4	3.5	3.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	50	45	2.1	2.2	1.9
Master's degree	405	170	230	8.6	7.5	9.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	150	90	60	3.2	4.0	2.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,475	1,180	1,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	40	20	2.6	3.4	1.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	355	190	165	14.3	16.1	12.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,055	950	1,105	83.0	80.5	85.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	805	400	405	32.5	33.9	31.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	175	120	60	7.1	10.2	4.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	130	70	60	5.3	5.9	4.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	50	50	0	2.0	4.2	0.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	545	250	295	22.0	21.2	22.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	35	50	3.4	3.0	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,250	550	700	50.5	46.6	54.1
Bachelor's degree	730	340	390	29.5	28.8	30.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	40	55	3.8	3.4	4.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	25	2.0	2.1	1.9
Master's degree	305	115	190	12.3	9.7	14.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	30	40	2.8	2.5	3.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,685	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,265	585	680	27.0	26.0	28.0
Education	190	20	165	4.1	0.9	6.8
13. Education	190	20	165	4.1	0.9	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	105	125	5.1	4.7	5.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	0.4	0.7	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	215	95	125	4.6	4.2	5.1
Humanities	310	110	200	6.6	4.9	8.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	35	0.9	0.0	1.4
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	30	1.1	0.7	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	40	70	2.2	1.8	2.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0.6	0.9	0.4
54. History	40	25	10	0.9	1.1	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	30	0.6	0.0	1.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	535	210	325	11.4	9.3	13.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	50	1.6	1.1	2.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	1.0	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
42. Psychology	90	20	75	1.9	0.9	3.1
45. Social sciences	275	150	125	5.9	6.7	5.1
Business, management and public administration	815	350	465	17.4	15.6	19.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	795	345	455	17.0	15.3	18.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	115	95	4.6	5.1	3.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	40	40	1.7	1.8	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	35	30	1.5	1.6	1.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	30	15	1.1	1.3	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	120	40	3.4	5.3	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	90	25	2.5	4.0	1.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.7	1.1	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	430	395	35	9.2	17.6	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
14. Engineering	180	160	15	3.8	7.1	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	105	100	0	2.2	4.4	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	55	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
48. Precision production	25	25	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	25	30	1.1	1.1	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	10	30	0.9	0.4	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Health and related fields	350	100	245	7.5	4.4	10.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	15	25	1.0	0.7	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	280	65	215	6.0	2.9	8.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	20	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	105	25	2.7	4.7	1.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	15	15	0.6	0.7	0.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	50	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,470	1,180	1,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	420	225	190	17.0	19.1	14.7
Education	100	0	100	4.0	0.0	7.8
13. Education	100	0	100	4.0	0.0	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	70	90	6.5	5.9	7.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	155	65	90	6.3	5.5	7.0
Humanities	160	50	105	6.5	4.2	8.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.8	0.0	1.6
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	1.0	0.8	1.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	15	35	2.0	1.3	2.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	20	10	1.2	1.7	0.8
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	100	210	12.6	8.5	16.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	40	2.2	1.3	3.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	1.4	0.0	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
42. Psychology	55	15	40	2.2	1.3	3.1
45. Social sciences	130	65	70	5.3	5.5	5.4
Business, management and public administration	540	205	335	21.9	17.4	26.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	525	205	325	21.3	17.4	25.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	50	35	3.2	4.2	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	15	1.4	1.7	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	0	0.8	0.8	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0.8	0.8	0.8
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	75	20	4.0	6.4	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	65	15	3.2	5.5	1.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	260	235	20	10.5	19.9	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
14. Engineering	110	100	10	4.5	8.5	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	45	0	1.8	3.8	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	20	20	1.6	1.7	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	10	20	1.0	0.8	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Health and related fields	210	60	150	8.5	5.1	11.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	20	1.0	0.8	1.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	170	45	130	6.9	3.8	10.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	75	20	3.8	6.4	1.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	25	10	15	1.0	0.8	1.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	40	0	1.8	3.4	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,470	1,180	1,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	225	190	17.0	19.1	14.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,055	955	1,105	83.2	80.9	85.7
Location of study inside Canada	1,785	820	975	72.3	69.5	75.6
Same as province or territory of residence	1,450	650	805	58.7	55.1	62.4
Different than province or territory of residence	340	170	170	13.8	14.4	13.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	265	135	130	10.7	11.4	10.1
Americas	70	50	25	2.8	4.2	1.9
United States of America	60	40	20	2.4	3.4	1.6
Mexico	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	165	75	90	6.7	6.4	7.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.8
Germany	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	40	25	2.8	3.4	1.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	15	0.6	0.8	1.2
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	10	20	1.2	0.8	1.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,685	2,255	2,430	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,730	1,460	1,265	...	...	...
Employed	2,520	1,360	1,160	...	...	...
Unemployed	210	105	110	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,955	785	1,165	...	...	...
Participation rate	58.3	64.7	52.1	58.3	64.7	52.1
Employment rate	53.8	60.3	47.7	53.8	60.3	47.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.2	8.7	7.7	7.2	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,685	2,250	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,940	780	1,155	41.4	34.7	47.5
Worked	2,745	1,470	1,275	58.6	65.3	52.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,385	785	600	29.6	34.9	24.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,355	685	675	28.9	30.4	27.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.9	40.7	38.9	39.9	40.7	38.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,730	1,465	1,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	30	35	2.2	2.0	2.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,670	1,435	1,235	97.8	98.0	97.2
Employee	1,875	940	940	68.7	64.2	74.0
Permanent position	1,535	775	760	56.2	52.9	59.8
Temporary position	340	165	175	12.5	11.3	13.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	20	40	2.4	1.4	3.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	275	140	135	10.1	9.6	10.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	795	495	300	29.1	33.8	23.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,730	1,465	1,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	30	35	2.2	2.0	2.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,670	1,435	1,235	97.8	98.0	97.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	195	150	45	7.1	10.2	3.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	535	185	350	19.6	12.6	27.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	235	205	30	8.6	14.0	2.4
3 Health occupations	215	70	145	7.9	4.8	11.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	325	80	250	11.9	5.5	19.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	45	100	5.3	3.1	7.9
6 Sales and service occupations	570	300	275	20.9	20.5	21.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	360	340	20	13.2	23.2	1.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	45	30	15	1.6	2.0	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	30	10	1.5	2.0	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,730	1,465	1,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	30	35	2.2	2.0	2.8
All industries¹⁹¹	2,670	1,435	1,235	97.8	98.0	97.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
23 Construction	190	165	25	7.0	11.3	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	215	140	80	7.9	9.6	6.3
41 Wholesale trade	195	120	80	7.1	8.2	6.3
44-45 Retail trade	255	130	130	9.3	8.9	10.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	135	90	40	4.9	6.1	3.1
51 Information and cultural industries	45	25	20	1.6	1.7	1.6
52 Finance and insurance	115	70	45	4.2	4.8	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	0	35	1.5	0.0	2.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	405	260	145	14.8	17.7	11.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	90	55	30	3.3	3.8	2.4
61 Educational services	255	50	205	9.3	3.4	16.1
62 Health care and social assistance	285	80	205	10.4	5.5	16.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120	70	45	4.4	4.8	3.5
72 Accommodation and food services	140	60	75	5.1	4.1	5.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	15	35	1.8	1.0	2.8
91 Public administration	85	60	30	3.1	4.1	2.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,915	1,545	1,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,150	640	510	39.5	41.4	37.0
French	410	185	220	14.1	12.0	15.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,310	680	630	44.9	44.0	45.7
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	0	0.9	1.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	1.0	1.0	1.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,915	1,545	1,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,680	1,420	1,265	91.9	91.9	91.7
Official languages	2,670	1,420	1,255	91.6	91.9	90.9
English	1,880	1,055	825	64.5	68.3	59.8
French	790	365	425	27.1	23.6	30.8
Non-official languages	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	240	125	115	8.2	8.1	8.3
English and French	225	115	115	7.7	7.4	8.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,915	1,545	1,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	1,785	950	840	61.2	61.5	60.9
English	390	175	215	13.4	11.3	15.6
French	705	395	310	24.2	25.6	22.5
Non-official language	20	15	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.7	0.6	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,520	1,360	1,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	955	560	400	37.9	41.2	34.6
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
No fixed workplace address	320	230	85	12.7	16.9	7.4
Usual place of work	1,230	565	670	48.8	41.5	58.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,230	560	670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	345	140	210	28.0	25.0	31.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	290	115	175	23.6	20.5	26.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	545	280	265	44.3	50.0	39.6
Commute to a different province or territory	55	30	20	4.5	5.4	3.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,555	795	755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,370	730	645	88.1	91.8	85.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,295	700	595	83.3	88.1	78.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	80	30	50	5.1	3.8	6.6
Public transit	35	10	30	2.3	1.3	4.0
Walked	95	25	60	6.1	3.1	7.9
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	50	30	20	3.2	3.8	2.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,555	795	755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	430	170	260	27.7	21.4	34.4
15 to 29 minutes	420	235	185	27.0	29.6	24.5
30 to 44 minutes	330	170	165	21.2	21.4	21.9
45 to 59 minutes	205	140	65	13.2	17.6	8.6
60 minutes and over	165	85	80	10.6	10.7	10.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,555	795	755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	50	15	3.9	6.3	2.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	215	155	55	13.8	19.5	7.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	440	220	225	28.3	27.7	29.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	325	160	165	20.9	20.1	21.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	300	110	195	19.3	13.8	25.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	210	105	105	13.5	13.2	13.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	935	460	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	655	305	350	70.1	66.3	73.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280	150	120	29.9	32.6	25.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	730	365	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	515	240	275	70.5	65.8	75.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	400	195	210	54.8	53.4	57.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	50	65	15.8	13.7	17.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	120	90	28.1	32.9	24.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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