Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Town (T)More information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,040	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,109	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.9	...	...	- 0.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,390	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,072	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	26.4	...	...	26.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	304.52	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,040	4,085	3,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,405	710	690	17.5	17.4	17.4
0 to 4 years	395	205	190	4.9	5.0	4.8
5 to 9 years	515	255	260	6.4	6.2	6.6
10 to 14 years	490	255	235	6.1	6.2	5.9
15 to 64 years	5,595	2,875	2,720	69.6	70.4	68.8
15 to 19 years	480	260	220	6.0	6.4	5.6
20 to 24 years	480	265	210	6.0	6.5	5.3
25 to 29 years	525	280	250	6.5	6.9	6.3
30 to 34 years	630	330	305	7.8	8.1	7.7
35 to 39 years	565	270	295	7.0	6.6	7.5
40 to 44 years	560	275	280	7.0	6.7	7.1
45 to 49 years	595	285	315	7.4	7.0	8.0
50 to 54 years	620	325	290	7.7	8.0	7.3
55 to 59 years	630	325	305	7.8	8.0	7.7
60 to 64 years	500	255	245	6.2	6.2	6.2
65 years and over	1,040	495	540	12.9	12.1	13.7
65 to 69 years	360	185	175	4.5	4.5	4.4
70 to 74 years	275	125	145	3.4	3.1	3.7
75 to 79 years	215	105	105	2.7	2.6	2.7
80 to 84 years	110	50	60	1.4	1.2	1.5
85 years and over	80	35	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
85 to 89 years	55	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.8
90 to 94 years	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	17.4	17.4	17.5	17.4	17.4
15 to 64 years	69.6	70.4	68.8	69.6	70.4	68.8
65 years and over	12.9	12.1	13.7	12.9	12.1	13.7
85 years and over	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.1
Average age of the population	39.2	38.7	39.7	39.2	38.7	39.7
Median age of the population	39.2	38.4	40.0	39.2	38.4	40.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,970	...	...	64.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	525	...	...	17.1	...	...
Row house	375	...	...	12.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	125	...	...	4.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	700	...	...	22.8	...	...
2 persons	1,145	...	...	37.2	...	...
3 persons	560	...	...	18.2	...	...
4 persons	450	...	...	14.6	...	...
5 or more persons	215	...	...	7.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,660	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,635	3,370	3,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,930	1,950	1,975	59.2	57.9	60.6
Married	2,840	1,420	1,425	42.8	42.1	43.7
Living common-law	1,085	535	550	16.4	15.9	16.9
Living common law - Never married	835	400	430	12.6	11.9	13.2
Living common law - Separated	30	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	195	105	85	2.9	3.1	2.6
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	2,710	1,420	1,285	40.8	42.1	39.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,010	1,160	850	30.3	34.4	26.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	135	70	65	2.0	2.1	2.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	290	125	160	4.4	3.7	4.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	275	65	210	4.1	1.9	6.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,245	...	...	53.4	...	...
3 persons	530	...	...	22.7	...	...
4 persons	410	...	...	17.6	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	6.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,910	...	...	82.0	...	...
Married couples	1,365	...	...	58.6	...	...
With children⁶	660	...	...	28.3	...	...
Without children	710	...	...	30.5	...	...
Common-law couples	545	...	...	23.4	...	...
With children⁶	270	...	...	11.6	...	...
Without children	270	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	420	...	...	18.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	305	...	...	13.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	115	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,660	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	6,480	3,210	3,270	84.6	84.6	84.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,815	1,895	1,920	49.8	49.9	49.7
Parents in one-parent families	425	115	310	5.5	3.0	8.0
Children⁶	2,240	1,200	1,045	29.2	31.6	27.1
In a two-parent family	1,600	855	745	20.9	22.5	19.3
In a one-parent family	640	340	305	8.4	9.0	7.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,185	590	595	15.5	15.5	15.4
Living alone	700	350	350	9.1	9.2	9.1
Living with other relatives⁷	240	105	140	3.1	2.8	3.6
Living with non-relatives only	240	135	105	3.1	3.6	2.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,020	...	...	65.7	...	...
Couple-family households	1,710	...	...	55.6	...	...
With children⁶	820	...	...	26.7	...	...
Without children	890	...	...	28.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	315	...	...	10.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	3.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	135	...	...	4.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	105	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	700	...	...	22.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,260	3,085	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,010	2,980	3,030	96.0	96.6	95.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	60,000	47,200	52,000	60,000	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,010	2,980	3,030	96.0	96.6	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	50,800	42,000	45,600	50,800	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,470	2,775	2,695	87.4	90.0	84.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	57,600	43,200	49,600	57,600	43,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,890	2,505	2,385	78.1	81.2	75.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	60,800	45,600	51,600	60,800	45,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,265	1,895	2,370	68.1	61.4	74.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	12,400	9,700	10,800	12,400	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,055	590	465	16.9	19.1	14.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,400	7,450	6,950	7,400	7,450	6,950
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,525	760	765	24.4	24.6	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,250	3,085	3,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,995	2,985	3,010	95.9	96.8	95.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,650	68,000	53,400	60,650	68,000	53,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,995	2,985	3,010	95.9	96.8	95.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,840	54,900	44,840	49,840	54,900	44,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,475	2,780	2,695	87.6	90.1	85.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,200	64,400	49,800	57,200	64,400	49,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,885	2,515	2,370	78.2	81.5	74.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,650	65,000	49,840	57,650	65,000	49,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,225	1,870	2,360	67.6	60.6	74.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	12,820	11,170	11,900	12,820	11,170
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,035	600	435	16.6	19.4	13.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,160	10,360	9,880	10,160	10,360	9,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,330	680	650	21.3	22.0	20.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,860	9,200	8,500	8,860	9,200	8,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,255	3,080	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,720	1,430	1,290	43.5	46.4	40.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,000	82,000	62,000	71,000	82,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,900	86,600	66,200	76,900	86,600	66,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,715	835	880	27.4	27.1	27.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	25,200	22,400	23,400	25,200	22,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,320	37,400	31,450	34,320	37,400	31,450
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.2	88.2	83.6	86.2	88.2	83.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	77.4	80.6	73.4	77.4	80.6	73.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.8	11.8	16.4	13.8	11.8	16.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.9	3.1	2.7	2.9	3.1	2.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.7	3.4	4.1	3.7	3.4	4.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	3.1	3.4	3.2	3.1	3.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,260	3,085	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	250	110	145	4.0	3.6	4.6
With total income	6,010	2,980	3,035	96.0	96.6	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	390	155	235	6.5	5.2	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	485	180	305	8.1	6.0	10.0
$20,000 to $29,999	670	295	380	11.1	9.9	12.5
$30,000 to $39,999	625	285	340	10.4	9.6	11.2
$40,000 to $49,999	675	315	360	11.2	10.6	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	645	265	385	10.7	8.9	12.7
$60,000 to $69,999	495	255	245	8.2	8.6	8.1
$70,000 to $79,999	430	210	225	7.2	7.0	7.4
$80,000 to $89,999	360	190	165	6.0	6.4	5.4
$90,000 to $99,999	315	185	125	5.2	6.2	4.1
$100,000 and over	920	650	270	15.3	21.8	8.9
$100,000 to $149,999	725	500	225	12.1	16.8	7.4
$150,000 and over	190	150	40	3.2	5.0	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,260	3,085	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	250	110	145	4.0	3.6	4.6
With after-tax income	6,010	2,980	3,035	96.0	96.6	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	400	155	240	6.7	5.2	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	515	195	325	8.6	6.5	10.7
$20,000 to $29,999	785	340	440	13.1	11.4	14.5
$30,000 to $39,999	800	375	425	13.3	12.6	14.0
$40,000 to $49,999	890	400	490	14.8	13.4	16.1
$50,000 to $59,999	705	335	365	11.7	11.2	12.0
$60,000 to $69,999	570	295	275	9.5	9.9	9.1
$70,000 to $79,999	460	260	205	7.7	8.7	6.8
$80,000 to $89,999	340	220	120	5.7	7.4	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	175	120	55	2.9	4.0	1.8
$100,000 and over	390	290	95	6.5	9.7	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	260	195	65	4.3	6.5	2.1
$125,000 and over	125	90	30	2.1	3.0	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,260	3,085	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,370	580	790	21.9	18.8	24.9
With employment income	4,890	2,505	2,380	78.1	81.2	75.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	425	185	240	8.7	7.4	10.1
$5,000 to $9,999	305	145	160	6.2	5.8	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	435	205	230	8.9	8.2	9.7
$20,000 to $29,999	400	175	220	8.2	7.0	9.2
$30,000 to $39,999	365	165	200	7.5	6.6	8.4
$40,000 to $49,999	450	190	260	9.2	7.6	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	435	175	260	8.9	7.0	10.9
$60,000 to $69,999	380	185	200	7.8	7.4	8.4
$70,000 to $79,999	365	190	180	7.5	7.6	7.6
$80,000 to $89,999	285	150	135	5.8	6.0	5.7
$90,000 to $99,999	265	170	95	5.4	6.8	4.0
$100,000 and over	785	575	210	16.1	23.0	8.8
$100,000 to $124,999	435	300	135	8.9	12.0	5.7
$125,000 and over	345	275	75	7.1	11.0	3.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,260	3,085	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,905	2,930	2,975	94.3	95.0	93.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	61,200	44,000	50,800	61,200	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,905	2,930	2,975	94.3	95.0	93.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	51,200	38,800	44,800	51,200	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,410	2,745	2,675	86.4	89.0	84.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	61,200	41,200	49,600	61,200	41,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,885	2,505	2,380	78.0	81.2	75.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	64,000	43,200	51,200	64,000	43,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,755	1,580	2,175	60.0	51.2	68.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,950	8,700	7,350	7,950	8,700	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,100	565	535	17.6	18.3	16.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,500	8,500	8,500	8,500	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,250	3,085	3,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,920	2,950	2,970	94.7	95.6	93.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,850	68,600	49,200	58,850	68,600	49,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,920	2,950	2,970	94.7	95.6	93.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,960	54,600	41,360	47,960	54,600	41,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,400	2,725	2,670	86.4	88.3	84.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,900	68,300	47,320	57,900	68,300	47,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,855	2,485	2,365	77.7	80.6	74.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,250	68,700	47,320	58,250	68,700	47,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,785	1,635	2,155	60.6	53.0	68.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,500	9,860	9,230	9,500	9,860	9,230
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,065	565	495	17.0	18.3	15.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,720	9,280	10,200	9,720	9,280	10,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,255	3,080	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,700	1,425	1,275	43.2	46.3	40.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	82,000	57,600	68,000	82,000	57,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,000	86,200	60,400	74,000	86,200	60,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,590	785	800	25.4	25.5	25.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	32,800	27,000	28,400	32,800	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,280	46,000	34,700	40,280	46,000	34,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.6	92.0	86.4	89.6	92.0	86.4
Employment income (%)	81.2	84.4	76.6	81.2	84.4	76.6
Government transfers (%)	10.3	8.0	13.6	10.3	8.0	13.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.0	2.6	3.5	3.0	2.6	3.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,075	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	700	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,370	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,065	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	118,500	...	...	118,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	97,300	...	...	97,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	700	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	67,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,500	...	...	54,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,370	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	2.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	2.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	3.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	185	...	...	6.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	5.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...	5.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	140	...	...	4.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	195	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,670	...	...	54.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	405	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	350	...	...	11.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	530	...	...	17.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	375	...	...	12.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...	2.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	120	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...	6.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	220	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	215	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	7.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,355	...	...	44.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	15.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	375	...	...	12.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	505	...	...	16.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...	155,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	940	485	450	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,400	54,400	46,800	50,400	54,400	46,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	47,600	42,400	45,200	47,600	42,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,315	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,300	...	...	108,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,200	...	...	106,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	935	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,400	...	...	154,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	67,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	940	485	450	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	63,200	67,600	58,600	63,200	67,600	58,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,600	54,400	48,600	51,600	54,400	48,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,665	3,800	3,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,695	855	840	22.1	22.5	21.7
0 to 5 years	505	265	245	6.6	7.0	6.3
18 to 64 years	5,000	2,475	2,525	65.2	65.1	65.3
65 years and over	970	470	500	12.7	12.4	12.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	610	270	340	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	200	95	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	75	35	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	295	125	170	...	...	...
65 years and over	115	45	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.0	7.1	8.8	8.0	7.1	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.7	11.4	11.8	11.7	11.4	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	14.4	14.0	15.0	14.4	14.0	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.0	6.8	5.9	5.0	6.8
65 years and over (%)	12.0	9.6	14.0	12.0	9.6	14.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,660	3,795	3,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,700	855	845	22.2	22.5	21.9
0 to 5 years	505	260	240	6.6	6.9	6.2
18 to 64 years	4,995	2,470	2,520	65.2	65.1	65.2
65 years and over	970	475	500	12.7	12.5	12.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	200	95	105	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	40	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	110	45	65	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	5	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.5	2.8	2.6	2.5	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	4.8	3.8	4.4	4.8	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	4.5	6.0	5.2	4.5	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	1.9	2.5	2.2	1.9	2.5
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.2	2.4	1.8	1.2	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,665	3,800	3,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,900	1,355	1,545	37.8	35.7	40.0
In bottom decile	545	240	300	7.1	6.3	7.8
In second decile	555	255	295	7.2	6.7	7.6
In third decile	485	235	250	6.3	6.2	6.5
In fourth decile	625	280	350	8.2	7.4	9.1
In fifth decile	690	340	345	9.0	8.9	8.9
In top half of the distribution	4,760	2,440	2,315	62.1	64.2	59.9
In sixth decile	730	360	370	9.5	9.5	9.6
In seventh decile	925	470	460	12.1	12.4	11.9
In eighth decile	1,030	535	500	13.4	14.1	12.9
In ninth decile	1,155	600	555	15.1	15.8	14.4
In top decile	915	480	435	11.9	12.6	11.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,660	...	...	7,660	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.292	...	...	0.292	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.381	...	...	0.381	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.258	...	...	0.258	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,810	3,910	3,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	7,285	3,670	3,615	93.3	93.9	92.6
French only	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	510	235	275	6.5	6.0	7.0
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,810	3,910	3,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,720	3,860	3,860	98.8	98.7	98.8
French	70	45	25	0.9	1.2	0.6
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,810	3,910	3,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,700	3,860	3,835	98.6	98.7	98.2
Official languages	7,205	3,615	3,590	92.3	92.5	91.9
English	7,130	3,575	3,555	91.3	91.4	91.0
French	75	40	30	1.0	1.0	0.8
Non-official languages	490	240	250	6.3	6.1	6.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	175	80	95	2.2	2.0	2.4
Algonquian languages	145	70	80	1.9	1.8	2.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	145	70	80	1.9	1.8	2.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	145	70	80	1.9	1.8	2.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	315	160	155	4.0	4.1	4.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	165	80	90	2.1	2.0	2.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	75	75	1.9	1.9	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	70	55	1.6	1.8	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	15	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	15	5	0.2	0.4	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	40	1.0	0.9	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	115	45	65	1.5	1.2	1.7
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	100	40	55	1.3	1.0	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,810	3,910	3,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,150	3,605	3,545	91.5	92.2	90.8
French	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	160	70	85	2.0	1.8	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	90	40	50	1.2	1.0	1.3
Non-Indigenous	70	30	40	0.9	0.8	1.0
English and French	55	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	385	175	215	4.9	4.5	5.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,810	3,910	3,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,700	3,855	3,845	98.6	98.6	98.5
Official languages	7,395	3,715	3,680	94.7	95.0	94.2
English	7,370	3,700	3,670	94.4	94.6	94.0
French	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official languages	305	140	160	3.9	3.6	4.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	125	60	65	1.6	1.5	1.7
Algonquian languages	125	60	60	1.6	1.5	1.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	125	60	60	1.6	1.5	1.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	125	60	60	1.6	1.5	1.5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	175	85	95	2.2	2.2	2.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	45	50	1.2	1.2	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	45	50	1.2	1.2	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	75	35	40	1.0	0.9	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	35	0.8	0.8	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	55	60	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	55	1.3	1.2	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,810	3,910	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,435	3,740	3,695	95.2	95.7	94.7
English	120	60	65	1.5	1.5	1.7
French	45	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	165	65	95	2.1	1.7	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	60	20	45	0.8	0.5	1.2
Non-Indigenous	100	50	50	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,655	3,795	3,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	7,655	3,790	3,865	100.0	99.9	100.0
English	7,645	3,790	3,855	99.9	99.9	99.7
French	555	220	330	7.3	5.8	8.5
Non-official languages	815	385	440	10.6	10.1	11.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	250	115	135	3.3	3.0	3.5
Algonquian languages	160	95	65	2.1	2.5	1.7
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	160	95	65	2.1	2.5	1.7
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	160	95	65	2.1	2.5	1.7
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	90	20	70	1.2	0.5	1.8
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	90	20	70	1.2	0.5	1.8
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	600	285	315	7.8	7.5	8.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	310	130	175	4.0	3.4	4.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	280	115	165	3.7	3.0	4.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	235	125	105	3.1	3.3	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	35	10	0.7	0.9	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
German	35	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Indo-Iranian languages	110	55	55	1.4	1.4	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	110	55	55	1.4	1.4	1.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	50	20	30	0.7	0.5	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	25	35	0.8	0.7	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	25	0.8	0.9	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	35	25	0.7	0.9	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,660	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,775	1,820	1,955	49.3	48.0	50.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,665	1,755	1,900	47.8	46.2	49.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	360	180	180	4.7	4.7	4.7
Métis	1,385	650	730	18.1	17.1	18.9
Inuk (Inuit)	1,915	930	985	25.0	24.5	25.5
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	110	55	55	1.4	1.4	1.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,880	1,975	1,905	50.7	52.0	49.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,660	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	390	210	180	5.1	5.5	4.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,270	3,585	3,680	94.9	94.5	95.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,960	...	...	63.9	...	...
Renter	1,110	...	...	36.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	55	...	...	1.8	...	...
Not condominium	3,015	...	...	98.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	145	...	...	4.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	790	...	...	25.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,370	...	...	44.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	760	...	...	24.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	615	...	...	20.1	...	...
5 rooms	515	...	...	16.8	...	...
6 rooms	525	...	...	17.1	...	...
7 rooms	480	...	...	15.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	935	...	...	30.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,045	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,975	...	...	97.1	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	490	...	...	16.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	715	...	...	23.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	425	...	...	13.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	615	...	...	20.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	175	...	...	5.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	255	...	...	8.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	265	...	...	8.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	130	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,895	...	...	94.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	175	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,450	...	...	47.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,490	...	...	48.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	130	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	3.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	460	...	...	15.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	560	...	...	18.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	670	...	...	21.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	640	...	...	20.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	395	...	...	12.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	190	...	...	6.2	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,790	...	...	91.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	280	...	...	9.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	255	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	500	...	...	16.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	245	...	...	8.0	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...	2.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	130	...	...	4.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,570	...	...	83.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	115	...	...	3.8	...	...
Not in core need	2,920	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,965	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	64.6	...	...	64.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,350	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	304,000	...	...	304,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	327,600	...	...	327,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,105	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.5	...	...	19.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.8	...	...	11.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,034	...	...	1,034	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,655	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,765	1,355	1,410	36.1	35.7	36.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,470	1,190	1,280	32.3	31.4	33.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	375	190	185	4.9	5.0	4.8
Métis single ancestry	585	275	315	7.6	7.2	8.2
Inuit single ancestry	1,505	730	780	19.7	19.2	20.2
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	295	165	130	3.9	4.3	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	50	35	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	190	105	85	2.5	2.8	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	45	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.8
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,260	600	660	16.5	15.8	17.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,060	510	550	13.8	13.4	14.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	230	135	100	3.0	3.6	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	160	60	100	2.1	1.6	2.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	665	320	350	8.7	8.4	9.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	200	90	110	2.6	2.4	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	30	60	1.2	0.8	1.6
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	45	40	1.1	1.2	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,630	1,840	1,790	47.4	48.5	46.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,655	3,800	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,275	3,615	3,660	95.0	95.1	94.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,615	810	805	21.1	21.3	20.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,655	2,805	2,855	73.9	73.8	74.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	385	185	200	5.0	4.9	5.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,655	3,800	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,035	3,500	3,540	91.9	92.1	91.7
Immigrants⁸¹	510	255	250	6.7	6.7	6.5
Before 1980	80	50	30	1.0	1.3	0.8
1980 to 1990	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
1991 to 2000	35	30	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
2001 to 2010	50	25	30	0.7	0.7	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	330	145	185	4.3	3.8	4.8
2011 to 2015	90	40	45	1.2	1.1	1.2
2016 to 2021	245	105	135	3.2	2.8	3.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	115	45	75	1.5	1.2	1.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	505	255	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	60	25	30	11.9	9.8	12.0
5 to 14 years	85	50	30	16.8	19.6	12.0
15 to 24 years	55	35	25	10.9	13.7	10.0
25 to 44 years	280	130	150	55.4	51.0	60.0
45 years and over	25	10	15	5.0	3.9	6.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	505	255	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	10	20	6.9	3.9	8.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	2.0	0.0	4.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	10	5.0	3.9	4.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	105	70	35	20.8	27.5	14.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	20	0	4.0	7.8	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	25	15	7.9	9.8	6.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	4.0	5.9	4.0
Africa	25	20	10	5.0	7.8	4.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	2.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	345	150	190	68.3	58.8	76.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	3.0	0.0	4.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	245	100	140	48.5	39.2	56.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	10	15	5.9	3.9	6.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	3.0	3.9	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	240	105	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	4.2	9.5	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	215	95	125	89.6	90.5	92.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	10	10.4	9.5	7.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	170	65	105	70.8	61.9	77.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,655	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	660	320	340	8.6	8.4	8.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	365	185	175	4.8	4.9	4.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,635	3,290	3,345	86.7	86.7	86.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	425	205	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	325	150	180	76.5	73.2	81.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	155	65	85	36.5	31.7	38.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	175	80	95	41.2	39.0	43.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	95	60	35	22.4	29.3	15.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	425	205	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	185	70	110	43.5	34.1	50.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	0	4.7	4.9	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	220	120	100	51.8	58.5	45.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,660	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	565	250	315	7.4	6.6	8.2
South Asian	120	60	65	1.6	1.6	1.7
Chinese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Black	55	25	35	0.7	0.7	0.9
Filipino	330	140	190	4.3	3.7	4.9
Arab	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Latin American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,090	3,545	3,550	92.6	93.4	92.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,655	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	995	540	450	13.0	14.2	11.7
English	1,340	665	670	17.5	17.5	17.4
Irish	1,010	500	510	13.2	13.2	13.2
Scottish	615	330	280	8.0	8.7	7.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	360	180	180	4.7	4.7	4.7
German	155	80	75	2.0	2.1	1.9
Chinese	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italian	55	35	20	0.7	0.9	0.5
Indian (India)	95	40	55	1.2	1.1	1.4
Ukrainian	40	10	30	0.5	0.3	0.8
Dutch	40	25	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Polish	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Québécois	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	230	110	120	3.0	2.9	3.1
Filipino	335	135	195	4.4	3.6	5.1
French Canadian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	345	140	205	4.5	3.7	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	95	35	55	1.2	0.9	1.4
Métis	1,105	520	585	14.4	13.7	15.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	195	110	85	2.5	2.9	2.2
Russian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	45	30	15	0.6	0.8	0.4
Welsh	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	80	45	35	1.0	1.2	0.9
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	35	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	35	65	1.4	0.9	1.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	200	105	95	2.6	2.8	2.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	420	205	215	5.5	5.4	5.6
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	2,435	1,165	1,270	31.8	30.7	32.9
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	325	185	140	4.2	4.9	3.6
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	75	45	30	1.0	1.2	0.8
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,660	3,795	3,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	6,155	2,970	3,185	80.4	78.3	82.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	145	75	65	1.9	2.0	1.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,645	815	830	21.5	21.5	21.5
Baptist	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Catholic	1,670	765	900	21.8	20.2	23.3
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	295	120	175	3.9	3.2	4.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	630	330	300	8.2	8.7	7.8
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	980	500	475	12.8	13.2	12.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	695	320	375	9.1	8.4	9.7
Hindu	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	50	20	30	0.7	0.5	0.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	1,370	765	605	17.9	20.2	15.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,600	3,750	3,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,500	3,285	3,215	85.5	87.6	83.5
Movers	1,100	465	640	14.5	12.4	16.6
Non-migrants	750	290	460	9.9	7.7	11.9
Migrants	355	180	180	4.7	4.8	4.7
Internal migrants	330	165	165	4.3	4.4	4.3
Intraprovincial migrants	175	95	80	2.3	2.5	2.1
Interprovincial migrants	155	70	85	2.0	1.9	2.2
External migrants	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,235	3,545	3,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,355	2,160	2,195	60.2	60.9	59.5
Movers	2,880	1,390	1,495	39.8	39.2	40.5
Non-migrants	1,540	690	855	21.3	19.5	23.2
Migrants	1,335	695	640	18.5	19.6	17.3
Internal migrants	1,085	600	485	15.0	16.9	13.1
Intraprovincial migrants	610	335	270	8.4	9.4	7.3
Interprovincial migrants	480	265	210	6.6	7.5	5.7
External migrants	250	95	150	3.5	2.7	4.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,250	3,080	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,260	715	550	20.2	23.2	17.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,995	2,370	2,620	79.9	76.9	82.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,395	2,145	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	560	340	220	12.7	15.9	9.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,835	1,810	2,025	87.3	84.4	90.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,255	3,085	3,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,110	595	515	17.7	19.3	16.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,470	760	715	23.5	24.6	22.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,675	1,725	1,950	58.8	55.9	61.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,610	1,395	1,215	41.7	45.2	38.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	735	525	210	11.8	17.0	6.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	350	180	175	5.6	5.8	5.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	380	345	40	6.1	11.2	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,760	835	925	28.1	27.1	29.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	40	80	1.9	1.3	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,065	330	735	17.0	10.7	23.2
Bachelor's degree	775	220	550	12.4	7.1	17.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	15	0.5	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	230	85	140	3.7	2.8	4.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,395	2,150	2,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	465	275	195	10.6	12.8	8.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	900	475	420	20.5	22.1	18.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,030	1,400	1,625	68.9	65.1	72.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,110	1,120	995	48.0	52.1	44.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	540	405	140	12.3	18.8	6.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	255	145	115	5.8	6.7	5.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	290	260	25	6.6	12.1	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,480	675	800	33.7	31.4	35.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	35	55	2.0	1.6	2.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	915	285	635	20.8	13.3	28.3
Bachelor's degree	675	195	480	15.4	9.1	21.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.7
Master's degree	195	75	125	4.4	3.5	5.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,255	3,085	3,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,580	1,355	1,225	41.2	43.9	38.6
Education	260	75	190	4.2	2.4	6.0
13. Education	260	75	190	4.2	2.4	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Humanities	85	35	55	1.4	1.1	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	260	80	180	4.2	2.6	5.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	45	0.8	0.0	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	55	30	30	0.9	1.0	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
45. Social sciences	95	30	60	1.5	1.0	1.9
Business, management and public administration	800	95	705	12.8	3.1	22.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65	1.0	0.0	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	725	95	635	11.6	3.1	20.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	20	55	1.2	0.6	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	20	70	1.4	0.6	2.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	20	60	1.3	0.6	1.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	975	875	105	15.6	28.4	3.3
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	65	50	15	1.0	1.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	175	135	40	2.8	4.4	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	315	290	25	5.0	9.4	0.8
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	330	325	10	5.3	10.5	0.3
48. Precision production	80	65	15	1.3	2.1	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	55	50	1.8	1.8	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	50	45	1.5	1.6	1.4
Health and related fields	445	85	360	7.1	2.8	11.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	400	60	340	6.4	1.9	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	555	380	180	8.9	12.3	5.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	160	40	120	2.6	1.3	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	115	25	2.2	3.7	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	260	225	40	4.2	7.3	1.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,395	2,145	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,360	745	620	30.9	34.7	27.6
Education	205	50	155	4.7	2.3	6.9
13. Education	205	50	155	4.7	2.3	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Humanities	85	30	55	1.9	1.4	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240	75	165	5.5	3.5	7.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.9
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40	1.0	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	45	25	25	1.0	1.2	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	0.9
45. Social sciences	90	30	55	2.0	1.4	2.4
Business, management and public administration	690	85	605	15.7	4.0	26.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	60	1.5	0.0	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	85	540	14.2	4.0	24.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	15	30	1.0	0.7	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	20	0.6	0.0	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	20	50	1.7	0.9	2.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	20	50	1.6	0.9	2.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	795	700	90	18.1	32.6	4.0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	65	50	15	1.5	2.3	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	115	35	3.3	5.4	1.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	245	230	20	5.6	10.7	0.9
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	285	270	0	6.5	12.6	0.0
48. Precision production	50	35	15	1.1	1.6	0.7
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	45	50	2.2	2.1	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	40	50	1.9	1.9	2.2
Health and related fields	355	65	290	8.1	3.0	12.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	20	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	325	40	280	7.4	1.9	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	440	300	140	10.0	14.0	6.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115	40	80	2.6	1.9	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	105	85	20	2.4	4.0	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	180	35	4.9	8.4	1.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,395	2,145	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,360	745	620	30.9	34.7	27.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,035	1,405	1,630	69.1	65.5	72.4
Location of study inside Canada	2,760	1,295	1,465	62.8	60.4	65.1
Same as province or territory of residence	2,050	955	1,095	46.6	44.5	48.7
Different than province or territory of residence	710	340	370	16.2	15.9	16.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	270	110	165	6.1	5.1	7.3
Americas	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
United States of America	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	40	25	15	0.9	1.2	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	200	70	130	4.6	3.3	5.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	140	40	100	3.2	1.9	4.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,255	3,085	3,170	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,475	2,255	2,220	...	...	...
Employed	4,040	1,980	2,055	...	...	...
Unemployed	435	270	170	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,780	830	950	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.5	73.1	70.0	71.5	73.1	70.0
Employment rate	64.6	64.2	64.8	64.6	64.2	64.8
Unemployment rate	9.7	12.0	7.7	9.7	12.0	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,255	3,085	3,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,720	800	915	27.5	25.9	28.9
Worked	4,535	2,280	2,255	72.5	73.9	71.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,760	1,440	1,320	44.1	46.7	41.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,775	840	935	28.4	27.2	29.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.6	41.4	41.5	41.6	41.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,470	2,250	2,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	50	40	2.1	2.2	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,385	2,200	2,185	98.1	97.8	98.2
Employee	4,215	2,120	2,095	94.3	94.2	94.2
Permanent position	3,285	1,670	1,620	73.5	74.2	72.8
Temporary position	930	455	475	20.8	20.2	21.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	320	150	170	7.2	6.7	7.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	615	310	310	13.8	13.8	13.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	160	75	90	3.6	3.3	4.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,470	2,250	2,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	50	40	2.1	2.2	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,385	2,200	2,185	98.1	97.8	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	20	25	0.9	0.9	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	580	125	455	13.0	5.6	20.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	155	65	5.0	6.9	2.9
3 Health occupations	335	55	285	7.5	2.4	12.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	845	340	500	18.9	15.1	22.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	15	35	1.1	0.7	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	1,155	430	720	25.8	19.1	32.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	985	910	70	22.0	40.4	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	95	15	2.5	4.2	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	50	15	1.3	2.2	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,470	2,250	2,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	50	40	2.1	2.2	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	4,385	2,200	2,185	98.1	97.8	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	50	30	15	1.1	1.3	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	205	155	50	4.6	6.9	2.2
22 Utilities	100	70	25	2.2	3.1	1.1
23 Construction	370	315	50	8.3	14.0	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	50	25	25	1.1	1.1	1.1
41 Wholesale trade	100	65	35	2.2	2.9	1.6
44-45 Retail trade	510	230	280	11.4	10.2	12.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	300	235	60	6.7	10.4	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	35	0	30	0.8	0.0	1.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	20	15	0.9	0.9	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110	50	55	2.5	2.2	2.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	310	185	125	6.9	8.2	5.6
61 Educational services	240	50	185	5.4	2.2	8.3
62 Health care and social assistance	745	135	610	16.7	6.0	27.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.7
72 Accommodation and food services	330	140	195	7.4	6.2	8.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	145	70	75	3.2	3.1	3.4
91 Public administration	710	395	315	15.9	17.6	14.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,795	2,415	2,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,610	2,350	2,260	96.1	97.3	95.0
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	85	25	60	1.8	1.0	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	1.6	1.2	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,795	2,415	2,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,780	2,415	2,360	99.7	100.0	99.2
Official languages	4,750	2,405	2,340	99.1	99.6	98.3
English	4,725	2,405	2,320	98.5	99.6	97.5
French	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Non-official languages	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,795	2,415	2,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,655	2,360	2,295	97.1	97.7	96.4
English	25	0	25	0.5	0.0	1.1
French	65	25	45	1.4	1.0	1.9
Non-official language	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.6
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,040	1,985	2,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	285	70	215	7.1	3.5	10.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	390	295	95	9.7	14.9	4.6
Usual place of work	3,360	1,615	1,745	83.2	81.4	84.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,360	1,615	1,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,000	1,440	1,555	89.3	89.2	88.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	275	120	155	8.2	7.4	8.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	25	30	1.6	1.5	1.7
Commute to a different province or territory	30	25	10	0.9	1.5	0.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,755	1,915	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,265	1,605	1,660	87.0	83.8	90.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,960	1,490	1,470	78.8	77.8	79.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	305	115	190	8.1	6.0	10.3
Public transit	45	40	0	1.2	2.1	0.0
Walked	80	35	50	2.1	1.8	2.7
Bicycle	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Other method	350	225	120	9.3	11.7	6.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,755	1,915	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,675	1,295	1,380	71.2	67.6	75.0
15 to 29 minutes	645	385	265	17.2	20.1	14.4
30 to 44 minutes	205	85	115	5.5	4.4	6.3
45 to 59 minutes	105	60	45	2.8	3.1	2.4
60 minutes and over	125	90	35	3.3	4.7	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,755	1,915	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	110	25	3.6	5.7	1.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	425	300	130	11.3	15.7	7.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,485	745	735	39.5	38.9	39.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	945	375	570	25.2	19.6	31.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	385	190	195	10.3	9.9	10.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	375	190	190	10.0	9.9	10.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,720	865	855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	65	70	7.6	7.5	8.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,595	810	785	92.7	93.6	91.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,280	635	645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	50	7.4	7.1	7.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	30	45	5.9	4.7	7.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	5	1.2	1.6	0.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,185	595	590	92.6	93.7	91.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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