Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	GranbyMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	62,624	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	59,706^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.9	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	30,176	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	29,320	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,294.1	...	...	1,294.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	48.39	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	62,635	30,320	32,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9,435	4,855	4,580	15.1	16.0	14.2
0 to 4 years	2,810	1,410	1,395	4.5	4.7	4.3
5 to 9 years	3,270	1,685	1,585	5.2	5.6	4.9
10 to 14 years	3,350	1,750	1,600	5.3	5.8	5.0
15 to 64 years	36,625	18,255	18,365	58.5	60.2	56.8
15 to 19 years	3,055	1,565	1,485	4.9	5.2	4.6
20 to 24 years	2,900	1,510	1,390	4.6	5.0	4.3
25 to 29 years	3,220	1,645	1,580	5.1	5.4	4.9
30 to 34 years	3,320	1,680	1,635	5.3	5.5	5.1
35 to 39 years	3,500	1,820	1,680	5.6	6.0	5.2
40 to 44 years	3,745	1,870	1,875	6.0	6.2	5.8
45 to 49 years	3,355	1,710	1,635	5.4	5.6	5.1
50 to 54 years	3,470	1,710	1,760	5.5	5.6	5.4
55 to 59 years	4,700	2,225	2,475	7.5	7.3	7.7
60 to 64 years	5,365	2,510	2,855	8.6	8.3	8.8
65 years and over	16,580	7,210	9,365	26.5	23.8	29.0
65 to 69 years	4,835	2,235	2,605	7.7	7.4	8.1
70 to 74 years	4,295	2,040	2,255	6.9	6.7	7.0
75 to 79 years	3,180	1,375	1,805	5.1	4.5	5.6
80 to 84 years	2,085	885	1,195	3.3	2.9	3.7
85 years and over	2,185	680	1,510	3.5	2.2	4.7
85 to 89 years	1,405	455	950	2.2	1.5	2.9
90 to 94 years	615	180	435	1.0	0.6	1.3
95 to 99 years	155	45	115	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	16.0	14.2	15.1	16.0	14.2
15 to 64 years	58.5	60.2	56.8	58.5	60.2	56.8
65 years and over	26.5	23.8	29.0	26.5	23.8	29.0
85 years and over	3.5	2.2	4.7	3.5	2.2	4.7
Average age of the population	45.9	44.2	47.5	45.9	44.2	47.5
Median age of the population	48.0	45.6	50.8	48.0	45.6	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	29,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,515	...	...	35.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,435	...	...	8.3	...	...
Row house	485	...	...	1.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,230	...	...	7.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,525	...	...	42.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	515	...	...	1.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	450	...	...	1.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	160	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	29,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,620	...	...	39.6	...	...
2 persons	10,645	...	...	36.3	...	...
3 persons	3,065	...	...	10.5	...	...
4 persons	2,515	...	...	8.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,470	...	...	5.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	60,325	29,515	30,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	53,195	25,465	27,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	28,575	14,250	14,325	53.7	56.0	51.6
Married	15,135	7,530	7,600	28.5	29.6	27.4
Living common-law	13,445	6,720	6,725	25.3	26.4	24.2
Living common law - Never married	10,060	5,005	5,055	18.9	19.7	18.2
Living common law - Separated	125	70	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	2,900	1,485	1,420	5.5	5.8	5.1
Living common law - Widowed	355	170	190	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	24,620	11,210	13,405	46.3	44.0	48.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	15,175	8,255	6,925	28.5	32.4	25.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	685	320	365	1.3	1.3	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,835	1,760	3,075	9.1	6.9	11.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,920	880	3,045	7.4	3.5	11.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	16,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	10,385	...	...	61.3	...	...
3 persons	2,895	...	...	17.1	...	...
4 persons	2,390	...	...	14.1	...	...
5 or more persons	1,265	...	...	7.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	16,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	13,995	...	...	82.6	...	...
Married couples	7,275	...	...	42.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,245	...	...	13.3	...	...
Without children	5,035	...	...	29.7	...	...
Common-law couples	6,720	...	...	39.7	...	...
With children⁶	3,120	...	...	18.4	...	...
Without children	3,605	...	...	21.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,945	...	...	17.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,125	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	820	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	60,325	29,515	30,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	45,920	22,765	23,150	76.1	77.1	75.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	27,995	13,980	14,020	46.4	47.4	45.5
Parents in one-parent families	2,940	820	2,120	4.9	2.8	6.9
Children⁶	14,980	7,970	7,010	24.8	27.0	22.8
In a two-parent family	10,385	5,500	4,890	17.2	18.6	15.9
In a one-parent family	4,595	2,475	2,120	7.6	8.4	6.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,405	6,745	7,655	23.9	22.9	24.8
Living alone	11,620	5,190	6,430	19.3	17.6	20.9
Living with other relatives⁷	990	465	525	1.6	1.6	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	1,790	1,090	700	3.0	3.7	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	29,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	15,985	...	...	54.5	...	...
Couple-family households	13,395	...	...	45.7	...	...
With children⁶	5,110	...	...	17.4	...	...
Without children	8,290	...	...	28.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,590	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	255	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	55	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	490	...	...	1.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	920	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	11,620	...	...	39.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	50,900	24,670	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50,080	24,265	25,815	98.4	98.4	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,400	38,000	42,400	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50,095	24,275	25,815	98.4	98.4	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	31,000	34,000	37,200	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	44,280	21,955	22,325	87.0	89.0	85.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	36,000	24,400	30,000	36,000	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	34,105	17,750	16,355	67.0	71.9	62.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,600	28,600	33,200	37,600	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,990	20,060	22,930	84.5	81.3	87.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,900	11,300	13,900	12,900	11,300	13,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,475	3,405	3,070	12.7	13.8	11.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,880	4,800	4,960	4,880	4,800	4,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,370	7,505	6,865	28.2	30.4	26.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	51,085	24,755	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50,305	24,350	25,955	98.5	98.4	98.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,480	49,920	39,400	44,480	49,920	39,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50,310	24,350	25,955	98.5	98.4	98.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,760	41,360	34,360	37,760	41,360	34,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	44,390	21,945	22,445	86.9	88.6	85.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,640	44,400	31,040	37,640	44,400	31,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	34,245	17,730	16,515	67.0	71.6	62.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,200	33,880	39,200	44,200	33,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	43,290	20,290	23,005	84.7	82.0	87.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,100	11,890	14,180	13,100	11,890	14,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,425	3,300	3,130	12.6	13.3	11.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,985	5,465	6,540	5,985	5,465	6,540
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,140	7,420	6,715	27.7	30.0	25.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,640	7,200	8,130	7,640	7,200	8,130
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	51,085	24,750	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,695	8,675	7,015	30.7	35.1	26.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	55,200	46,400	50,800	55,200	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,550	63,200	52,800	58,550	63,200	52,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	14,280	6,840	7,445	28.0	27.6	28.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	21,600	17,000	18,800	21,600	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,120	30,240	22,360	26,120	30,240	22,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.6	80.2	68.2	74.6	80.2	68.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.0	64.4	54.7	60.0	64.4	54.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.4	19.8	31.9	25.4	19.8	31.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	5.1	6.6	5.8	5.1	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.4	5.3	4.8	4.4	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	50,895	24,670	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	820	400	420	1.6	1.6	1.6
With total income	50,080	24,270	25,810	98.4	98.4	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,820	1,195	1,625	5.6	4.9	6.3
$10,000 to $19,999	6,515	2,530	3,985	13.0	10.4	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	9,590	4,070	5,525	19.1	16.8	21.4
$30,000 to $39,999	7,525	3,465	4,065	15.0	14.3	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	7,055	3,485	3,565	14.1	14.4	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	5,465	2,815	2,655	10.9	11.6	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,715	2,115	1,600	7.4	8.7	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	2,420	1,455	960	4.8	6.0	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,655	985	670	3.3	4.1	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	605	435	2.1	2.5	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,270	1,555	720	4.5	6.4	2.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,655	1,095	560	3.3	4.5	2.2
$150,000 and over	615	455	160	1.2	1.9	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	50,895	24,670	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	805	390	410	1.6	1.6	1.6
With after-tax income	50,090	24,275	25,820	98.4	98.4	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,030	1,250	1,780	6.0	5.1	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	6,860	2,700	4,160	13.7	11.1	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	11,280	4,880	6,405	22.5	20.1	24.8
$30,000 to $39,999	9,460	4,580	4,885	18.9	18.9	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	7,995	4,185	3,815	16.0	17.2	14.8
$50,000 to $59,999	4,960	2,825	2,135	9.9	11.6	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	2,850	1,585	1,265	5.7	6.5	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,555	865	685	3.1	3.6	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	800	500	305	1.6	2.1	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	430	285	145	0.9	1.2	0.6
$100,000 and over	865	630	235	1.7	2.6	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	470	330	135	0.9	1.4	0.5
$125,000 and over	395	295	95	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	50,895	24,670	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	16,795	6,920	9,880	33.0	28.1	37.7
With employment income	34,105	17,750	16,350	67.0	71.9	62.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,830	2,500	2,330	14.2	14.1	14.3
$5,000 to $9,999	2,800	1,270	1,530	8.2	7.2	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	4,275	1,835	2,440	12.5	10.3	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,925	1,720	2,200	11.5	9.7	13.5
$30,000 to $39,999	4,155	2,020	2,130	12.2	11.4	13.0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,925	2,075	1,850	11.5	11.7	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	3,015	1,705	1,310	8.8	9.6	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,185	1,410	775	6.4	7.9	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,525	945	575	4.5	5.3	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,215	695	520	3.6	3.9	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	640	425	215	1.9	2.4	1.3
$100,000 and over	1,630	1,155	470	4.8	6.5	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	880	615	265	2.6	3.5	1.6
$125,000 and over	745	545	205	2.2	3.1	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	50,900	24,670	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,525	23,985	25,535	97.3	97.2	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	31,400	35,600	40,800	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,550	23,995	25,560	97.3	97.3	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	35,600	28,600	31,800	35,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	43,825	21,775	22,050	86.1	88.3	84.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,600	26,200	31,400	37,600	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	34,540	17,880	16,660	67.9	72.5	63.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,400	33,600	38,800	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,180	17,785	21,390	77.0	72.1	81.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,700	8,200	11,100	9,700	8,200	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,510	2,870	2,635	10.8	11.6	10.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,440	4,400	4,520	4,440	4,400	4,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	51,085	24,755	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	49,745	24,080	25,665	97.4	97.3	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,600	48,600	36,960	42,600	48,600	36,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	49,750	24,080	25,675	97.4	97.3	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,880	39,920	32,080	35,880	39,920	32,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	44,070	21,875	22,195	86.3	88.4	84.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,720	45,840	31,720	38,720	45,840	31,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	34,720	17,900	16,815	68.0	72.3	63.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,440	44,680	33,800	39,440	44,680	33,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,475	18,000	21,475	77.3	72.7	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,430	9,300	11,370	10,430	9,300	11,370
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,415	2,800	2,610	10.6	11.3	9.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,905	5,420	6,420	5,905	5,420	6,420
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	51,085	24,750	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,630	8,665	6,965	30.6	35.0	26.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	52,800	43,200	48,000	52,800	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,400	60,600	48,920	55,400	60,600	48,920
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,645	6,555	7,095	26.7	26.5	26.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	27,400	21,400	24,000	27,400	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,440	35,040	26,200	30,440	35,040	26,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6	85.6	74.2	80.6	85.6	74.2
Employment income (%)	64.6	68.4	59.9	64.6	68.4	59.9
Government transfers (%)	19.4	14.3	25.8	19.4	14.3	25.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.3	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	29,320	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,800	...	...	31,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	17,695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	29,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,100	...	...	76,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,600	...	...	64,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,690	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,960	...	...	40,960	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,320	...	...	35,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	17,735	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	29,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	145	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	440	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	770	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,295	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,420	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,320	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,725	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,755	...	...	6.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,535	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,785	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,315	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,070	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,810	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,595	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,180	...	...	24.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,930	...	...	10.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,705	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,605	...	...	5.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	945	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	29,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	160	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	450	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	820	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,450	...	...	8.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,750	...	...	6.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,700	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,120	...	...	7.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,965	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,735	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,980	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,590	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,165	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,930	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,575	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,740	...	...	16.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,350	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,215	...	...	4.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,175	...	...	4.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	17,020	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	8,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	13,415	6,285	7,130	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	37,600	32,000	34,400	37,600	32,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	33,200	29,400	31,200	33,200	29,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	17,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,400	...	...	99,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,900	...	...	83,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,480	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	86,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	73,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,355	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,200	...	...	134,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,700	...	...	111,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,700	...	...	71,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,900	...	...	62,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	13,525	6,320	7,205	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,240	43,120	37,760	40,240	43,120	37,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,520	33,280	34,800	36,520	33,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	60,325	29,520	30,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,265	5,780	5,490	18.7	19.6	17.8
0 to 5 years	3,445	1,760	1,680	5.7	6.0	5.5
18 to 64 years	34,530	17,160	17,365	57.2	58.1	56.4
65 years and over	14,530	6,570	7,955	24.1	22.3	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,225	3,525	4,700	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,230	620	610	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	415	215	200	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,720	1,750	1,975	...	...	...
65 years and over	3,275	1,160	2,115	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.0	15.3	13.6	12.0	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.9	10.8	11.0	10.9	10.8	11.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	12.2	11.7	12.0	12.2	11.7
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	10.2	11.4	10.8	10.2	11.4
65 years and over (%)	22.5	17.6	26.6	22.5	17.6	26.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	60,325	29,515	30,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,270	5,780	5,485	18.7	19.6	17.8
0 to 5 years	3,450	1,765	1,680	5.7	6.0	5.5
18 to 64 years	34,525	17,160	17,370	57.2	58.1	56.4
65 years and over	14,530	6,575	7,955	24.1	22.3	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,290	1,155	1,140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	280	125	155	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,770	920	850	...	...	...
65 years and over	240	100	140	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.9	3.7	3.8	3.9	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.5	2.2	2.8	2.5	2.2	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	5.4	4.9	5.1	5.4	4.9
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	60,325	29,520	30,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	39,295	18,705	20,585	65.1	63.4	66.8
In bottom decile	6,665	2,910	3,750	11.0	9.9	12.2
In second decile	8,700	4,020	4,685	14.4	13.6	15.2
In third decile	8,445	4,100	4,345	14.0	13.9	14.1
In fourth decile	8,095	4,015	4,080	13.4	13.6	13.2
In fifth decile	7,390	3,665	3,725	12.3	12.4	12.1
In top half of the distribution	21,030	10,810	10,220	34.9	36.6	33.2
In sixth decile	6,275	3,140	3,135	10.4	10.6	10.2
In seventh decile	5,355	2,780	2,580	8.9	9.4	8.4
In eighth decile	4,315	2,245	2,070	7.2	7.6	6.7
In ninth decile	3,060	1,590	1,475	5.1	5.4	4.8
In top decile	2,025	1,060	970	3.4	3.6	3.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	60,325	...	...	60,325	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.293	...	...	0.293	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.450	...	...	0.450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.253	...	...	0.253	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	61,335	29,925	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	270	160	110	0.4	0.5	0.4
French only	38,155	17,405	20,750	62.2	58.2	66.1
English and French	22,625	12,225	10,400	36.9	40.9	33.1
Neither English nor French	280	135	145	0.5	0.5	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	61,335	29,925	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,525	795	730	2.5	2.7	2.3
French	58,880	28,635	30,245	96.0	95.7	96.3
English and French	675	370	305	1.1	1.2	1.0
Neither English nor French	260	120	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	61,335	29,925	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	60,295	29,395	30,900	98.3	98.2	98.4
Official languages	57,450	27,910	29,540	93.7	93.3	94.0
English	1,255	650	605	2.0	2.2	1.9
French	56,195	27,260	28,930	91.6	91.1	92.1
Non-official languages	2,850	1,490	1,365	4.6	5.0	4.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,845	1,490	1,360	4.6	5.0	4.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	430	240	190	0.7	0.8	0.6
Berber languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	390	220	170	0.6	0.7	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	385	215	165	0.6	0.7	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,730	890	845	2.8	3.0	2.7
Albanian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	155	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	30	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	90	45	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	130	125	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	230	120	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	225	115	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dari	200	100	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iranian Persian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,225	620	595	2.0	2.1	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	70	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	65	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	1,045	525	525	1.7	1.8	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	360	180	180	0.6	0.6	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lingala	30	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	145	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Wojenaka	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lao	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,040	525	510	1.7	1.8	1.6
English and French	640	320	320	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	290	150	140	0.5	0.5	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	61,335	29,925	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	615	330	285	1.0	1.1	0.9
French	55,075	26,700	28,380	89.8	89.2	90.4
Non-official language	925	490	440	1.5	1.6	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	925	490	440	1.5	1.6	1.4
English and French	2,485	1,280	1,205	4.1	4.3	3.8
English and non-official language(s)	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	1,575	795	785	2.6	2.7	2.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	515	260	255	0.8	0.9	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	61,335	29,925	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	60,185	29,395	30,795	98.1	98.2	98.0
Official languages	58,480	28,500	29,985	95.3	95.2	95.5
English	1,010	520	485	1.6	1.7	1.5
French	57,475	27,975	29,495	93.7	93.5	93.9
Non-official languages	1,705	895	810	2.8	3.0	2.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,705	895	810	2.8	3.0	2.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	120	105	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	195	105	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	190	105	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,105	585	525	1.8	2.0	1.7
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	105	95	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	175	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	175	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dari	150	80	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	800	420	380	1.3	1.4	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	715	375	340	1.2	1.3	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	170	80	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	85	45	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,150	530	615	1.9	1.8	2.0
English and French	575	270	310	0.9	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	445	205	245	0.7	0.7	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	61,335	29,925	31,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	57,610	27,980	29,635	93.9	93.5	94.3
English	1,705	920	790	2.8	3.1	2.5
French	895	445	450	1.5	1.5	1.4
Non-official language	680	355	330	1.1	1.2	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	680	355	325	1.1	1.2	1.0
English and French	120	70	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	180	90	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	60,395	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	60,095	29,375	30,720	99.5	99.5	99.5
English	22,760	12,380	10,380	37.7	41.9	33.6
French	59,835	29,260	30,580	99.1	99.1	99.0
Non-official languages	4,960	2,490	2,475	8.2	8.4	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,960	2,490	2,470	8.2	8.4	8.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	575	330	245	1.0	1.1	0.8
Berber languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	535	305	230	0.9	1.0	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	535	305	230	0.9	1.0	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	160	95	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian Creole	110	70	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,465	1,655	1,810	5.7	5.6	5.9
Albanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	120	95	0.4	0.4	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	220	120	95	0.4	0.4	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	70	50	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	135	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	110	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	185	100	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	140	80	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
German	135	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	360	175	185	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	330	160	170	0.5	0.5	0.6
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	315	150	165	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dari	280	140	135	0.5	0.5	0.4
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,770	1,295	1,475	4.6	4.4	4.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	195	90	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	115	75	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
Romanian	70	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	2,440	1,135	1,310	4.0	3.8	4.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	465	240	225	0.8	0.8	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lingala	120	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	245	130	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	60,400	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,225	535	695	2.0	1.8	2.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,090	470	625	1.8	1.6	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	810	345	465	1.3	1.2	1.5
Métis	275	125	150	0.5	0.4	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	100	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	59,165	28,985	30,185	98.0	98.2	97.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	60,400	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	205	80	120	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	60,195	29,430	30,760	99.7	99.7	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	15,175	...	...	51.6	...	...
Renter	14,240	...	...	48.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,150	...	...	10.7	...	...
Not condominium	26,270	...	...	89.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	225	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	4,305	...	...	14.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,340	...	...	38.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	9,115	...	...	31.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,440	...	...	15.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,385	...	...	42.1	...	...
5 rooms	5,480	...	...	18.6	...	...
6 rooms	3,055	...	...	10.4	...	...
7 rooms	2,755	...	...	9.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,740	...	...	19.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	29,220	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	200	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	28,745	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	675	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,775	...	...	19.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,950	...	...	27.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,870	...	...	16.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,935	...	...	10.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,975	...	...	6.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,000	...	...	6.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,735	...	...	5.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,170	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	28,110	...	...	95.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,305	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	17,090	...	...	58.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	11,840	...	...	40.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	490	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	965	...	...	3.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,465	...	...	11.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,410	...	...	15.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,335	...	...	14.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,425	...	...	21.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,820	...	...	19.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,085	...	...	10.5	...	...
85 years and over	910	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	29,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,600	...	...	83.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,750	...	...	16.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,495	...	...	15.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	29,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,410	...	...	21.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,460	...	...	15.2	...	...
Not suitable only	605	...	...	2.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,020	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	250	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	23,010	...	...	78.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	29,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,240	...	...	4.3	...	...
Not in core need	27,855	...	...	95.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,165	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.0	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,014	...	...	1,014	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	264,000	...	...	264,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	294,400	...	...	294,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,245	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.5	...	...	24.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	764	...	...	764	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	60,400	29,515	30,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,265	585	680	2.1	2.0	2.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,260	585	675	2.1	2.0	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,080	500	585	1.8	1.7	1.9
Métis single ancestry	140	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,235	535	700	2.0	1.8	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,235	535	700	2.0	1.8	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,160	505	655	1.9	1.7	2.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	57,900	28,395	29,500	95.9	96.2	95.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	60,395	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	58,705	28,630	30,065	97.2	97.0	97.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,750	5,470	5,280	17.8	18.5	17.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	47,950	23,160	24,785	79.4	78.5	80.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,695	880	810	2.8	3.0	2.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	60,395	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	56,585	27,520	29,060	93.7	93.2	94.1
Immigrants⁸¹	3,335	1,735	1,595	5.5	5.9	5.2
Before 1980	440	235	210	0.7	0.8	0.7
1980 to 1990	160	100	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	290	150	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
2001 to 2010	1,040	540	500	1.7	1.8	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,395	720	675	2.3	2.4	2.2
2011 to 2015	590	270	325	1.0	0.9	1.1
2016 to 2021	805	455	355	1.3	1.5	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	480	255	225	0.8	0.9	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,335	1,740	1,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	400	210	190	12.0	12.1	11.9
5 to 14 years	610	325	280	18.3	18.7	17.6
15 to 24 years	645	325	325	19.3	18.7	20.4
25 to 44 years	1,400	740	655	42.0	42.5	41.1
45 years and over	275	135	145	8.2	7.8	9.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,335	1,740	1,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,035	515	520	31.0	29.6	32.6
Brazil	45	15	25	1.3	0.9	1.6
Colombia	505	230	270	15.1	13.2	16.9
El Salvador	20	15	10	0.6	0.9	0.6
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	80	50	25	2.4	2.9	1.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	60	15	40	1.8	0.9	2.5
Peru	20	15	10	0.6	0.9	0.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	125	75	55	3.7	4.3	3.4
Other places of birth in Americas	190	105	85	5.7	6.0	5.3
Europe	840	435	405	25.2	25.0	25.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	90	35	55	2.7	2.0	3.4
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	420	235	190	12.6	13.5	11.9
Germany	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	40	20	15	1.2	1.1	0.9
Netherlands	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Romania	75	35	35	2.2	2.0	2.2
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	30	15	15	0.9	0.9	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.6
Other places of birth in Europe	115	50	65	3.4	2.9	4.1
Africa	895	485	410	26.8	27.9	25.7
Algeria	130	70	60	3.9	4.0	3.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	245	125	125	7.3	7.2	7.8
Egypt	20	0	20	0.6	0.0	1.3
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	115	65	45	3.4	3.7	2.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	375	220	160	11.2	12.6	10.0
Asia	560	305	260	16.8	17.5	16.3
Afghanistan	150	80	70	4.5	4.6	4.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	30	10	1.3	1.7	0.6
Syria⁸⁹	120	70	45	3.6	4.0	2.8
Turkey	35	15	20	1.0	0.9	1.3
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	15	20	0.9	0.9	1.3
Viet Nam	35	25	15	1.0	1.4	0.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	35	15	20	1.0	0.9	1.3
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	35	35	2.2	2.0	2.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	805	455	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	130	80	55	16.1	17.6	15.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	60	35	25	7.5	7.7	7.1
Haiti	15	0	10	1.9	0.0	2.9
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	15	5.0	5.5	4.3
Europe	105	50	55	13.0	11.0	15.7
France	95	45	50	11.8	9.9	14.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	375	215	165	46.6	47.3	47.1
Algeria	40	15	25	5.0	3.3	7.1
Burundi	25	15	10	3.1	3.3	2.9
Cameroon	25	15	10	3.1	3.3	2.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	125	75	50	15.5	16.5	14.3
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	15	20	4.3	3.3	5.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	70	35	13.7	15.4	10.0
Asia	190	115	80	23.6	25.3	22.9
Afghanistan	35	25	15	4.3	5.5	4.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	1.9	2.2	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.9
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	115	65	45	14.3	14.3	12.9
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	60,395	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,090	2,135	1,950	6.8	7.2	6.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,775	1,445	1,330	4.6	4.9	4.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	53,535	25,935	27,600	88.6	87.9	89.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,890	1,500	1,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	890	515	370	30.8	34.3	26.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	410	280	135	14.2	18.7	9.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	475	235	240	16.4	15.7	17.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	610	290	320	21.1	19.3	23.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	1,375	690	685	47.6	46.0	49.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,890	1,500	1,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	140	80	60	4.8	5.3	4.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	160	105	55	5.5	7.0	4.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	0	0.7	0.7	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	35	25	2.1	2.3	1.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	35	15	20	1.2	1.0	1.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,480	1,255	1,225	85.8	83.7	88.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	60,400	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,510	1,790	1,720	5.8	6.1	5.6
South Asian	70	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	105	40	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	1,185	605	580	2.0	2.0	1.9
Filipino	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab	500	285	220	0.8	1.0	0.7
Latin American	1,020	495	520	1.7	1.7	1.7
Southeast Asian	155	90	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
West Asian	305	145	160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	75	50	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	56,885	27,725	29,160	94.2	93.9	94.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	60,395	29,515	30,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	24,360	11,775	12,580	40.3	39.9	40.7
English	865	360	505	1.4	1.2	1.6
Irish	2,575	1,165	1,415	4.3	3.9	4.6
Scottish	775	370	405	1.3	1.3	1.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	14,065	6,910	7,150	23.3	23.4	23.2
German	630	350	285	1.0	1.2	0.9
Chinese	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	755	375	380	1.3	1.3	1.2
Indian (India)	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	80	55	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	120	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Polish	200	100	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Québécois	8,765	4,270	4,495	14.5	14.5	14.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	155	65	95	0.3	0.2	0.3
Filipino	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	5,010	2,450	2,560	8.3	8.3	8.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	930	430	505	1.5	1.5	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,195	510	690	2.0	1.7	2.2
Métis	205	105	100	0.3	0.4	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	765	415	350	1.3	1.4	1.1
Russian	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	120	65	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	325	160	165	0.5	0.5	0.5
Spanish	355	155	200	0.6	0.5	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	425	195	225	0.7	0.7	0.7
Pakistani	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	275	155	120	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jewish	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	90	50	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	190	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Greek	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Korean	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	140	90	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	570	280	295	0.9	0.9	1.0
Danish	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	240	80	150	0.4	0.3	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	15	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belgian	335	195	140	0.6	0.7	0.5
Haitian	220	110	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	160	65	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	120	80	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	90	30	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	265	125	140	0.4	0.4	0.5
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	550	270	280	0.9	0.9	0.9
Moroccan	145	75	70	0.2	0.3	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	85	60	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	290	135	155	0.5	0.5	0.5
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	170	85	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	75	50	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Congolese	240	105	130	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	45	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	30	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Argentinian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dominican	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	130	75	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	110	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	140	65	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	75	20	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	80	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	65	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	30	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	60,400	29,515	30,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	75	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Christian	41,800	19,770	22,030	69.2	67.0	71.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,590	1,345	1,245	4.3	4.6	4.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	225	110	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catholic	37,400	17,580	19,820	61.9	59.6	64.2
Christian Orthodox	90	50	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	170	55	110	0.3	0.2	0.4
Latter Day Saints	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	480	230	245	0.8	0.8	0.8
Presbyterian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	640	305	340	1.1	1.0	1.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	1,065	555	510	1.8	1.9	1.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	140	55	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	17,300	9,080	8,225	28.6	30.8	26.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	59,890	29,260	30,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	51,555	25,215	26,340	86.1	86.2	86.0
Movers	8,335	4,045	4,285	13.9	13.8	14.0
Non-migrants	5,430	2,540	2,890	9.1	8.7	9.4
Migrants	2,900	1,505	1,395	4.8	5.1	4.6
Internal migrants	2,730	1,425	1,310	4.6	4.9	4.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,665	1,375	1,295	4.4	4.7	4.2
Interprovincial migrants	70	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
External migrants	170	85	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	57,675	28,245	29,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	32,150	15,815	16,330	55.7	56.0	55.5
Movers	25,530	12,430	13,100	44.3	44.0	44.5
Non-migrants	14,040	6,690	7,350	24.3	23.7	25.0
Migrants	11,485	5,735	5,750	19.9	20.3	19.5
Internal migrants	10,575	5,235	5,340	18.3	18.5	18.1
Intraprovincial migrants	10,370	5,110	5,260	18.0	18.1	17.9
Interprovincial migrants	205	130	75	0.4	0.5	0.3
External migrants	910	500	410	1.6	1.8	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	51,085	24,755	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	13,585	7,260	6,320	26.6	29.3	24.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	37,505	17,495	20,005	73.4	70.7	76.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	30,525	15,160	15,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,070	3,625	2,445	19.9	23.9	15.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	24,455	11,535	12,920	80.1	76.1	84.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	51,085	24,755	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,065	6,225	5,845	23.6	25.1	22.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	13,720	6,345	7,375	26.9	25.6	28.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,295	12,185	13,110	49.5	49.2	49.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,560	9,155	9,405	36.3	37.0	35.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,615	5,145	3,470	16.9	20.8	13.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,225	3,305	2,920	12.2	13.4	11.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,390	1,840	550	4.7	7.4	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,390	3,345	5,040	16.4	13.5	19.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,550	660	890	3.0	2.7	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,740	3,030	3,715	13.2	12.2	14.1
Bachelor's degree	4,470	1,915	2,555	8.8	7.7	9.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	715	345	365	1.4	1.4	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	105	80	0.4	0.4	0.3
Master's degree	1,215	605	605	2.4	2.4	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	160	55	105	0.3	0.2	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	30,525	15,165	15,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,040	2,935	2,105	16.5	19.4	13.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,335	3,710	3,625	24.0	24.5	23.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,150	8,520	9,635	59.5	56.2	62.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,100	6,410	6,695	42.9	42.3	43.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,420	3,745	2,675	21.0	24.7	17.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,720	2,425	2,295	15.5	16.0	14.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,700	1,320	380	5.6	8.7	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,795	2,280	3,515	19.0	15.0	22.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	890	385	505	2.9	2.5	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,045	2,105	2,940	16.5	13.9	19.1
Bachelor's degree	3,315	1,345	1,970	10.9	8.9	12.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	540	235	305	1.8	1.5	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	55	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
Master's degree	955	435	520	3.1	2.9	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	40	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	51,085	24,755	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	25,785	12,565	13,215	50.5	50.8	50.2
Education	2,195	440	1,755	4.3	1.8	6.7
13. Education	2,195	440	1,755	4.3	1.8	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	685	310	380	1.3	1.3	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	85	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	580	225	355	1.1	0.9	1.3
Humanities	1,290	470	815	2.5	1.9	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	115	40	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	755	225	530	1.5	0.9	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	110	70	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	170	55	115	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,750	465	1,280	3.4	1.9	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	60	110	0.3	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	590	50	545	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	270	95	180	0.5	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	295	80	210	0.6	0.3	0.8
45. Social sciences	330	160	165	0.6	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	5,660	2,010	3,645	11.1	8.1	13.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	290	55	235	0.6	0.2	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,360	1,960	3,400	10.5	7.9	12.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	665	335	330	1.3	1.4	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	70	170	0.5	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	100	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	155	100	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	740	455	285	1.4	1.8	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	630	435	200	1.2	1.8	0.8
25. Library science	55	10	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,155	5,685	470	12.0	23.0	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	740	660	85	1.4	2.7	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,345	1,150	200	2.6	4.6	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,410	1,370	40	2.8	5.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,165	1,140	30	2.3	4.6	0.1
48. Precision production	1,390	1,305	85	2.7	5.3	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	565	315	255	1.1	1.3	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	490	265	230	1.0	1.1	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	50	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	3,360	660	2,705	6.6	2.7	10.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	210	120	85	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,100	500	2,595	6.1	2.0	9.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,240	1,045	1,195	4.4	4.2	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,370	325	1,040	2.7	1.3	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	380	295	85	0.7	1.2	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	480	415	70	0.9	1.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	30,525	15,160	15,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,375	6,645	5,730	40.5	43.8	37.3
Education	1,320	230	1,095	4.3	1.5	7.1
13. Education	1,320	230	1,095	4.3	1.5	7.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	485	225	265	1.6	1.5	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	420	170	250	1.4	1.1	1.6
Humanities	790	305	490	2.6	2.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	20	60	0.3	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	440	160	285	1.4	1.1	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	85	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	95	20	70	0.3	0.1	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,275	265	1,010	4.2	1.7	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	45	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	480	10	475	1.6	0.1	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	195	55	140	0.6	0.4	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	220	40	185	0.7	0.3	1.2
45. Social sciences	225	115	110	0.7	0.8	0.7
Business, management and public administration	4,135	1,360	2,780	13.5	9.0	18.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	30	185	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,915	1,325	2,590	12.8	8.7	16.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	430	185	245	1.4	1.2	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	55	140	0.6	0.4	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	120	65	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	555	365	195	1.8	2.4	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	500	350	145	1.6	2.3	0.9
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,540	4,120	420	14.9	27.2	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	630	560	75	2.1	3.7	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	990	810	175	3.2	5.3	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,000	965	25	3.3	6.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	810	785	30	2.7	5.2	0.2
48. Precision production	1,025	950	70	3.4	6.3	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	460	240	220	1.5	1.6	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	400	205	195	1.3	1.4	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	2,445	480	1,965	8.0	3.2	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	160	100	60	0.5	0.7	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,245	355	1,885	7.4	2.3	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,710	760	955	5.6	5.0	6.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,070	240	825	3.5	1.6	5.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	270	205	65	0.9	1.4	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	370	305	65	1.2	2.0	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	30,525	15,160	15,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,375	6,645	5,730	40.5	43.8	37.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	18,155	8,515	9,635	59.5	56.2	62.7
Location of study inside Canada	17,150	7,910	9,235	56.2	52.2	60.1
Same as province or territory of residence	16,935	7,795	9,145	55.5	51.4	59.5
Different than province or territory of residence	210	115	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,000	605	395	3.3	4.0	2.6
Americas	320	180	135	1.0	1.2	0.9
United States of America	50	50	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mexico	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Cuba	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	75	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Europe	365	240	125	1.2	1.6	0.8
Belgium	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
France	245	160	85	0.8	1.1	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italy	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Africa	235	145	95	0.8	1.0	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	80	35	35	0.3	0.2	0.2
Morocco	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tunisia	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	85	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Asia	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	51,085	24,755	26,330	...	...	...
In the labour force	30,345	15,770	14,575	...	...	...
Employed	28,610	14,835	13,775	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,735	935	800	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	20,740	8,985	11,755	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.4	63.7	55.4	59.4	63.7	55.4
Employment rate	56.0	59.9	52.3	56.0	59.9	52.3
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.9	5.5	5.7	5.9	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	51,085	24,755	26,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	20,105	8,640	11,465	39.4	34.9	43.5
Worked	30,980	16,110	14,870	60.6	65.1	56.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	16,040	8,920	7,115	31.4	36.0	27.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	14,940	7,185	7,755	29.2	29.0	29.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.1	40.8	41.4	42.1	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	30,345	15,765	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	505	250	255	1.7	1.6	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	29,835	15,515	14,320	98.3	98.4	98.3
Employee	26,490	13,655	12,840	87.3	86.6	88.1
Permanent position	22,845	11,980	10,860	75.3	76.0	74.5
Temporary position	3,645	1,670	1,980	12.0	10.6	13.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,180	450	725	3.9	2.9	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,470	1,220	1,255	8.1	7.7	8.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,340	1,865	1,480	11.0	11.8	10.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	30,345	15,765	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	505	250	255	1.7	1.6	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	29,835	15,515	14,320	98.3	98.4	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	365	285	80	1.2	1.8	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,340	1,410	2,935	14.3	8.9	20.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,820	1,430	390	6.0	9.1	2.7
3 Health occupations	2,280	435	1,845	7.5	2.8	12.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,150	750	2,400	10.4	4.8	16.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	700	315	380	2.3	2.0	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	8,215	3,530	4,685	27.1	22.4	32.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,330	4,885	445	17.6	31.0	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	465	360	110	1.5	2.3	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,170	2,115	1,055	10.4	13.4	7.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	30,345	15,765	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	505	250	255	1.7	1.6	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	29,835	15,515	14,320	98.3	98.4	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	365	230	130	1.2	1.5	0.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	50	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	135	110	20	0.4	0.7	0.1
23 Construction	1,950	1,715	235	6.4	10.9	1.6
31-33 Manufacturing	6,440	4,505	1,940	21.2	28.6	13.3
41 Wholesale trade	1,095	740	350	3.6	4.7	2.4
44-45 Retail trade	4,160	2,015	2,145	13.7	12.8	14.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,000	770	225	3.3	4.9	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	210	125	90	0.7	0.8	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	1,080	370	715	3.6	2.3	4.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	305	165	140	1.0	1.0	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,255	630	625	4.1	4.0	4.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,255	805	450	4.1	5.1	3.1
61 Educational services	1,880	445	1,435	6.2	2.8	9.8
62 Health care and social assistance	3,975	665	3,310	13.1	4.2	22.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	595	310	285	2.0	2.0	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,780	710	1,075	5.9	4.5	7.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,300	625	675	4.3	4.0	4.6
91 Public administration	995	535	455	3.3	3.4	3.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	32,825	17,015	15,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	420	295	130	1.3	1.7	0.8
French	27,020	13,750	13,265	82.3	80.8	83.9
Non-official language	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	5,105	2,850	2,255	15.6	16.7	14.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	105	30	75	0.3	0.2	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	32,825	17,015	15,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	32,155	16,610	15,545	98.0	97.6	98.3
Official languages	32,090	16,575	15,510	97.8	97.4	98.1
English	850	525	320	2.6	3.1	2.0
French	31,240	16,050	15,185	95.2	94.3	96.0
Non-official languages	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	670	405	265	2.0	2.4	1.7
English and French	620	375	240	1.9	2.2	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	32,825	17,015	15,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	28,120	14,445	13,680	85.7	84.9	86.5
English	4,090	2,265	1,830	12.5	13.3	11.6
French	455	245	210	1.4	1.4	1.3
Non-official language	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	28,610	14,835	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,330	1,485	1,845	11.6	10.0	13.4
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,720	1,940	780	9.5	13.1	5.7
Usual place of work	22,545	11,395	11,150	78.8	76.8	80.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	22,545	11,395	11,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,485	7,210	8,270	68.7	63.3	74.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	915	505	405	4.1	4.4	3.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,125	3,660	2,475	27.2	32.1	22.2
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	25,265	13,335	11,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	23,110	12,205	10,910	91.5	91.5	91.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	21,780	11,675	10,100	86.2	87.6	84.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,330	530	805	5.3	4.0	6.7
Public transit	250	95	160	1.0	0.7	1.3
Walked	1,310	665	650	5.2	5.0	5.4
Bicycle	255	215	35	1.0	1.6	0.3
Other method	335	155	180	1.3	1.2	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	25,265	13,335	11,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	13,465	6,435	7,030	53.3	48.3	58.9
15 to 29 minutes	7,120	3,825	3,295	28.2	28.7	27.6
30 to 44 minutes	2,535	1,530	1,005	10.0	11.5	8.4
45 to 59 minutes	1,145	780	370	4.5	5.8	3.1
60 minutes and over	1,000	765	230	4.0	5.7	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	25,265	13,335	11,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,515	1,200	320	6.0	9.0	2.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,510	3,025	1,485	17.9	22.7	12.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,995	3,960	4,030	31.6	29.7	33.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,800	1,825	2,970	19.0	13.7	24.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,320	975	1,345	9.2	7.3	11.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,135	2,355	1,780	16.4	17.7	14.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	11,465	5,890	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,400	720	680	12.2	12.2	12.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,065	5,170	4,895	87.8	87.8	87.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,425	4,340	4,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,065	560	505	12.6	12.9	12.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	740	375	360	8.8	8.6	8.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	325	180	140	3.9	4.1	3.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,360	3,785	3,575	87.4	87.2	87.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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