Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Granby, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	69,025	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	66,222	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	32,766	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	31,850	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	452.1	...	...	452.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	152.69	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	69,025	33,615	35,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10,580	5,440	5,140	15.3	16.2	14.5
0 to 4 years	3,120	1,575	1,545	4.5	4.7	4.4
5 to 9 years	3,665	1,885	1,785	5.3	5.6	5.0
10 to 14 years	3,795	1,985	1,805	5.5	5.9	5.1
15 to 64 years	40,655	20,330	20,320	58.9	60.5	57.4
15 to 19 years	3,420	1,760	1,665	5.0	5.2	4.7
20 to 24 years	3,145	1,630	1,515	4.6	4.8	4.3
25 to 29 years	3,495	1,790	1,705	5.1	5.3	4.8
30 to 34 years	3,660	1,855	1,805	5.3	5.5	5.1
35 to 39 years	3,830	1,985	1,845	5.5	5.9	5.2
40 to 44 years	4,225	2,110	2,115	6.1	6.3	6.0
45 to 49 years	3,770	1,925	1,845	5.5	5.7	5.2
50 to 54 years	3,930	1,950	1,985	5.7	5.8	5.6
55 to 59 years	5,280	2,540	2,745	7.6	7.6	7.8
60 to 64 years	5,895	2,785	3,105	8.5	8.3	8.8
65 years and over	17,790	7,840	9,950	25.8	23.3	28.1
65 to 69 years	5,305	2,475	2,825	7.7	7.4	8.0
70 to 74 years	4,650	2,210	2,435	6.7	6.6	6.9
75 to 79 years	3,400	1,500	1,900	4.9	4.5	5.4
80 to 84 years	2,190	935	1,250	3.2	2.8	3.5
85 years and over	2,245	715	1,535	3.3	2.1	4.3
85 to 89 years	1,455	485	970	2.1	1.4	2.7
90 to 94 years	630	190	440	0.9	0.6	1.2
95 to 99 years	155	40	110	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	16.2	14.5	15.3	16.2	14.5
15 to 64 years	58.9	60.5	57.4	58.9	60.5	57.4
65 years and over	25.8	23.3	28.1	25.8	23.3	28.1
85 years and over	3.3	2.1	4.3	3.3	2.1	4.3
Average age of the population	45.6	44.1	47.1	45.6	44.1	47.1
Median age of the population	47.6	45.6	50.0	47.6	45.6	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	12,365	...	...	38.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,515	...	...	7.9	...	...
Row house	490	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,260	...	...	7.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,760	...	...	40.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	515	...	...	1.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	465	...	...	1.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	485	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	12,200	...	...	38.3	...	...
2 persons	11,690	...	...	36.7	...	...
3 persons	3,425	...	...	10.8	...	...
4 persons	2,855	...	...	9.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,690	...	...	5.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	66,590	32,740	33,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	58,445	28,170	30,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	32,095	16,010	16,085	54.9	56.8	53.1
Married	16,825	8,380	8,445	28.8	29.7	27.9
Living common-law	15,270	7,625	7,640	26.1	27.1	25.2
Living common law - Never married	11,430	5,670	5,755	19.6	20.1	19.0
Living common law - Separated	135	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	3,300	1,685	1,610	5.6	6.0	5.3
Living common law - Widowed	405	195	210	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	26,350	12,165	14,185	45.1	43.2	46.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	16,375	8,965	7,405	28.0	31.8	24.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	735	340	395	1.3	1.2	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,145	1,915	3,230	8.8	6.8	10.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	4,095	940	3,150	7.0	3.3	10.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	18,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	11,470	...	...	60.8	...	...
3 persons	3,240	...	...	17.2	...	...
4 persons	2,735	...	...	14.5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,440	...	...	7.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	18,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	15,725	...	...	83.3	...	...
Married couples	8,090	...	...	42.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,535	...	...	13.4	...	...
Without children	5,555	...	...	29.4	...	...
Common-law couples	7,635	...	...	40.5	...	...
With children⁶	3,570	...	...	18.9	...	...
Without children	4,060	...	...	21.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,150	...	...	16.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,250	...	...	11.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	900	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	66,590	32,740	33,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	51,385	25,540	25,850	77.2	78.0	76.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	31,445	15,695	15,755	47.2	47.9	46.5
Parents in one-parent families	3,155	905	2,255	4.7	2.8	6.7
Children⁶	16,785	8,940	7,845	25.2	27.3	23.2
In a two-parent family	11,835	6,275	5,565	17.8	19.2	16.4
In a one-parent family	4,945	2,665	2,280	7.4	8.1	6.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,205	7,200	8,005	22.8	22.0	23.6
Living alone	12,195	5,530	6,665	18.3	16.9	19.7
Living with other relatives⁷	1,090	510	585	1.6	1.6	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	1,920	1,160	755	2.9	3.5	2.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	17,770	...	...	55.8	...	...
Couple-family households	15,000	...	...	47.1	...	...
With children⁶	5,800	...	...	18.2	...	...
Without children	9,200	...	...	28.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,775	...	...	8.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	300	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	545	...	...	1.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	970	...	...	3.0	...	...
One-person households	12,195	...	...	38.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55,130	26,865	28,270	98.4	98.4	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,800	34,400	38,400	42,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55,140	26,870	28,270	98.4	98.4	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,600	31,200	34,400	37,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	48,940	24,390	24,550	87.4	89.3	85.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,400	24,800	30,200	36,400	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,925	19,770	18,155	67.7	72.4	63.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	28,600	33,200	38,000	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,055	22,025	25,025	84.0	80.7	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	11,200	13,700	12,700	11,200	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,080	3,705	3,375	12.6	13.6	11.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,920	4,880	4,960	4,920	4,880	4,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,910	8,290	7,620	28.4	30.4	26.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55,160	26,845	28,320	98.5	98.3	98.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,280	51,160	39,720	45,280	51,160	39,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55,175	26,855	28,325	98.5	98.4	98.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	42,040	34,600	38,200	42,040	34,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	48,860	24,305	24,560	87.2	89.0	85.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,520	45,720	31,400	38,520	45,720	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,930	19,710	18,220	67.7	72.2	63.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,560	44,680	34,000	39,560	44,680	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,265	22,210	25,050	84.4	81.3	87.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,040	11,830	14,120	13,040	11,830	14,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,045	3,625	3,425	12.6	13.3	11.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,080	5,515	6,670	6,080	5,515	6,670
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,650	8,230	7,420	27.9	30.1	25.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,610	7,170	8,100	7,610	7,170	8,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	17,520	9,710	7,810	31.3	35.6	27.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	56,000	46,800	51,200	56,000	46,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,750	63,700	52,550	58,750	63,700	52,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	15,760	7,605	8,155	28.1	27.9	28.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	21,600	17,000	19,000	21,600	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	30,560	22,560	26,400	30,560	22,560
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.4	80.8	68.6	75.4	80.8	68.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.0	64.2	55.0	60.0	64.2	55.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.7	19.1	31.5	24.7	19.1	31.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	5.0	6.6	5.7	5.0	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.3	5.3	4.8	4.3	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	56,030	27,305	28,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	895	445	455	1.6	1.6	1.6
With total income	55,130	26,860	28,265	98.4	98.4	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,150	1,340	1,810	5.7	5.0	6.4
$10,000 to $19,999	7,125	2,765	4,360	12.9	10.3	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	10,365	4,420	5,940	18.8	16.5	21.0
$30,000 to $39,999	8,220	3,785	4,435	14.9	14.1	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	7,700	3,835	3,865	14.0	14.3	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	6,005	3,100	2,900	10.9	11.5	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	4,110	2,340	1,775	7.5	8.7	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,740	1,650	1,095	5.0	6.1	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,885	1,125	760	3.4	4.2	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,195	710	490	2.2	2.6	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,630	1,795	835	4.8	6.7	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,930	1,270	660	3.5	4.7	2.3
$150,000 and over	705	525	175	1.3	2.0	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	56,030	27,305	28,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	880	435	450	1.6	1.6	1.6
With after-tax income	55,145	26,870	28,270	98.4	98.4	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,395	1,410	1,980	6.2	5.2	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	7,495	2,945	4,545	13.6	11.0	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	12,215	5,320	6,900	22.2	19.8	24.4
$30,000 to $39,999	10,315	5,005	5,310	18.7	18.6	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	8,790	4,640	4,155	15.9	17.3	14.7
$50,000 to $59,999	5,495	3,110	2,390	10.0	11.6	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,215	1,805	1,410	5.8	6.7	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,790	1,010	775	3.2	3.8	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	940	575	365	1.7	2.1	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	505	325	180	0.9	1.2	0.6
$100,000 and over	995	730	265	1.8	2.7	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	540	385	155	1.0	1.4	0.5
$125,000 and over	450	340	110	0.8	1.3	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	56,030	27,305	28,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	18,100	7,535	10,565	32.3	27.6	36.8
With employment income	37,930	19,770	18,160	67.7	72.4	63.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,340	2,755	2,590	14.1	13.9	14.3
$5,000 to $9,999	3,080	1,400	1,685	8.1	7.1	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	4,735	2,040	2,695	12.5	10.3	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	4,320	1,890	2,430	11.4	9.6	13.4
$30,000 to $39,999	4,575	2,230	2,340	12.1	11.3	12.9
$40,000 to $49,999	4,325	2,270	2,050	11.4	11.5	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	3,360	1,905	1,455	8.9	9.6	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,425	1,550	870	6.4	7.8	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,770	1,105	670	4.7	5.6	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,385	800	590	3.7	4.0	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	745	500	245	2.0	2.5	1.3
$100,000 and over	1,865	1,330	535	4.9	6.7	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	1,005	700	305	2.6	3.5	1.7
$125,000 and over	855	625	225	2.3	3.2	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	54,520	26,555	27,960	97.3	97.3	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,200	31,600	36,000	41,200	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	54,545	26,565	27,985	97.4	97.3	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	36,000	28,800	32,000	36,000	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	48,430	24,195	24,235	86.4	88.6	84.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,000	26,600	31,800	38,000	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,405	19,910	18,500	68.5	72.9	64.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	39,600	29,600	34,000	39,600	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,725	19,450	23,265	76.3	71.2	81.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	8,200	10,900	9,600	8,200	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	6,100	3,175	2,920	10.9	11.6	10.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,480	4,400	4,560	4,480	4,400	4,560
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	54,595	26,580	28,015	97.4	97.3	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,160	49,280	37,360	43,160	49,280	37,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	54,600	26,580	28,025	97.5	97.3	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,280	40,400	32,320	36,280	40,400	32,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	48,525	24,240	24,280	86.6	88.8	84.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,360	46,520	32,200	39,360	46,520	32,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,425	19,875	18,545	68.6	72.8	64.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,880	45,360	34,000	39,880	45,360	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,920	19,615	23,310	76.6	71.8	81.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	9,270	11,350	10,400	9,270	11,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,980	3,105	2,875	10.7	11.4	10.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,005	5,390	6,670	6,005	5,390	6,670
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	17,445	9,685	7,755	31.1	35.5	27.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	53,200	43,200	48,400	53,200	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,750	61,300	48,880	55,750	61,300	48,880
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	15,070	7,285	7,785	26.9	26.7	27.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	27,600	21,400	24,000	27,600	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,840	35,520	26,440	30,840	35,520	26,440
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.0	86.2	74.8	81.0	86.2	74.8
Employment income (%)	65.0	68.8	60.3	65.0	68.8	60.3
Government transfers (%)	18.9	13.9	25.3	18.9	13.9	25.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.3	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	31,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	12,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	19,655	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	31,850	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,480	...	...	35,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	19,650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,300	...	...	85,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	150	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	460	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	795	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,385	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,490	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,400	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,825	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,850	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,645	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,000	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,515	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,250	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,990	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,755	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,180	...	...	25.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,245	...	...	10.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,950	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,870	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,120	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	470	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	845	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,545	...	...	8.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,845	...	...	5.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,795	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,245	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,105	...	...	6.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,840	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,225	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,835	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,395	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,125	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,740	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,470	...	...	17.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,665	...	...	8.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,410	...	...	4.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,400	...	...	4.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	18,935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	9,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	6,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	14,115	6,690	7,425	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	38,000	32,000	34,800	38,000	32,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	33,600	29,600	31,400	33,600	29,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	18,950	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,700	...	...	101,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,300	...	...	85,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	9,365	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,500	...	...	89,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,800	...	...	74,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,650	...	...	63,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	14,115	6,650	7,465	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,440	43,400	37,800	40,440	43,400	37,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,920	36,680	33,320	34,920	36,680	33,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	66,585	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	12,635	6,485	6,140	19.0	19.8	18.1
0 to 5 years	3,825	1,960	1,865	5.7	6.0	5.5
18 to 64 years	38,250	19,065	19,185	57.4	58.2	56.7
65 years and over	15,710	7,185	8,525	23.6	21.9	25.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,685	3,760	4,925	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,295	655	640	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	440	230	210	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,925	1,855	2,070	...	...	...
65 years and over	3,465	1,250	2,215	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	11.5	14.5	13.0	11.5	14.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.3	10.1	10.4	10.3	10.1	10.4
0 to 5 years (%)	11.5	11.6	11.3	11.5	11.6	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	9.7	10.8	10.3	9.7	10.8
65 years and over (%)	22.0	17.4	26.0	22.0	17.4	26.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	66,590	32,740	33,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	12,630	6,490	6,145	19.0	19.8	18.2
0 to 5 years	3,825	1,965	1,865	5.7	6.0	5.5
18 to 64 years	38,245	19,060	19,180	57.4	58.2	56.7
65 years and over	15,710	7,185	8,525	23.6	21.9	25.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,365	1,190	1,180	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	285	130	155	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,830	950	875	...	...	...
65 years and over	255	105	150	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.6	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.0	2.5	2.3	2.0	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.0	4.6	4.8	5.0	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	66,585	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	42,580	20,400	22,185	63.9	62.3	65.5
In bottom decile	7,045	3,100	3,945	10.6	9.5	11.7
In second decile	9,310	4,330	4,980	14.0	13.2	14.7
In third decile	9,165	4,485	4,675	13.8	13.7	13.8
In fourth decile	8,830	4,380	4,455	13.3	13.4	13.2
In fifth decile	8,230	4,105	4,125	12.4	12.5	12.2
In top half of the distribution	24,010	12,340	11,670	36.1	37.7	34.5
In sixth decile	7,050	3,540	3,510	10.6	10.8	10.4
In seventh decile	6,050	3,130	2,920	9.1	9.6	8.6
In eighth decile	4,960	2,570	2,385	7.4	7.9	7.0
In ninth decile	3,600	1,875	1,720	5.4	5.7	5.1
In top decile	2,350	1,220	1,130	3.5	3.7	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	66,590	...	...	66,590	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.294	...	...	0.294	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.446	...	...	0.446	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.253	...	...	0.253	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	67,725	33,220	34,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	305	175	130	0.5	0.5	0.4
French only	42,005	19,290	22,715	62.0	58.1	65.8
English and French	25,130	13,625	11,510	37.1	41.0	33.4
Neither English nor French	290	135	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	67,725	33,220	34,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,715	900	815	2.5	2.7	2.4
French	65,020	31,800	33,220	96.0	95.7	96.3
English and French	725	395	330	1.1	1.2	1.0
Neither English nor French	265	125	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	67,725	33,220	34,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	66,610	32,660	33,955	98.4	98.3	98.4
Official languages	63,585	31,080	32,505	93.9	93.6	94.2
English	1,435	750	690	2.1	2.3	2.0
French	62,150	30,330	31,815	91.8	91.3	92.2
Non-official languages	3,025	1,575	1,450	4.5	4.7	4.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,025	1,575	1,445	4.5	4.7	4.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	255	195	0.7	0.8	0.6
Berber languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	400	230	170	0.6	0.7	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	400	225	175	0.6	0.7	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,840	945	895	2.7	2.8	2.6
Albanian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	85	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	175	85	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	125	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	245	125	120	0.4	0.4	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	240	125	115	0.4	0.4	0.3
Dari	210	110	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iranian Persian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,290	655	630	1.9	2.0	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	60	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	1,090	545	550	1.6	1.6	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	360	180	185	0.5	0.5	0.5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lingala	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	145	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wojenaka	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	90	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,120	565	555	1.7	1.7	1.6
English and French	705	350	355	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	295	155	145	0.4	0.5	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	67,725	33,220	34,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	700	380	330	1.0	1.1	1.0
French	60,925	29,695	31,230	90.0	89.4	90.5
Non-official language	965	510	455	1.4	1.5	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	965	510	455	1.4	1.5	1.3
English and French	2,765	1,440	1,325	4.1	4.3	3.8
English and non-official language(s)	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	1,655	830	825	2.4	2.5	2.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	560	285	275	0.8	0.9	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	67,725	33,220	34,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	66,485	32,640	33,845	98.2	98.3	98.1
Official languages	64,690	31,705	32,990	95.5	95.4	95.6
English	1,150	600	555	1.7	1.8	1.6
French	63,545	31,110	32,435	93.8	93.6	94.0
Non-official languages	1,790	940	855	2.6	2.8	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,790	940	855	2.6	2.8	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	135	105	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	210	115	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	200	115	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,145	600	550	1.7	1.8	1.6
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	35	15	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	105	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	180	95	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	180	95	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
Dari	160	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	825	430	390	1.2	1.3	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	735	385	355	1.1	1.2	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	170	80	85	0.3	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,245	580	660	1.8	1.7	1.9
English and French	645	300	345	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	470	220	255	0.7	0.7	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	67,730	33,220	34,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	63,660	31,085	32,580	94.0	93.6	94.4
English	1,900	1,025	870	2.8	3.1	2.5
French	975	490	490	1.4	1.5	1.4
Non-official language	725	375	345	1.1	1.1	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	720	375	340	1.1	1.1	1.0
English and French	130	70	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	195	95	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	66,590	32,735	33,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	66,285	32,595	33,690	99.5	99.6	99.5
English	25,185	13,750	11,430	37.8	42.0	33.8
French	66,000	32,465	33,535	99.1	99.2	99.1
Non-official languages	5,320	2,695	2,625	8.0	8.2	7.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,310	2,695	2,615	8.0	8.2	7.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	600	350	250	0.9	1.1	0.7
Berber languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	560	325	240	0.8	1.0	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	555	315	240	0.8	1.0	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	160	105	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haitian Creole	110	70	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,755	1,810	1,940	5.6	5.5	5.7
Albanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	240	140	105	0.4	0.4	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	240	140	105	0.4	0.4	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	70	50	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	150	75	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	115	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Croatian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	235	130	100	0.4	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	180	105	75	0.3	0.3	0.2
German	180	105	75	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	370	180	185	0.6	0.5	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	340	165	180	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	320	150	165	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dari	280	140	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,985	1,405	1,580	4.5	4.3	4.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	220	100	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	120	75	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	90	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	2,615	1,220	1,395	3.9	3.7	4.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	465	240	225	0.7	0.7	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lingala	120	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	245	130	110	0.4	0.4	0.3
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	90	60	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	90	60	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	66,590	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,310	585	720	2.0	1.8	2.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,155	510	645	1.7	1.6	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	855	380	480	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis	290	135	155	0.4	0.4	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	105	45	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	65,280	32,155	33,130	98.0	98.2	97.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	66,590	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	210	80	130	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	66,375	32,655	33,725	99.7	99.8	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	17,270	...	...	54.2	...	...
Renter	14,580	...	...	45.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,240	...	...	10.2	...	...
Not condominium	28,615	...	...	89.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	225	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	4,435	...	...	13.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,945	...	...	37.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,225	...	...	32.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,015	...	...	15.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,805	...	...	40.2	...	...
5 rooms	5,985	...	...	18.8	...	...
6 rooms	3,355	...	...	10.5	...	...
7 rooms	3,075	...	...	9.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,625	...	...	20.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	31,645	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	205	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	31,120	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	730	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,975	...	...	18.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,695	...	...	27.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,320	...	...	16.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,195	...	...	10.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,135	...	...	6.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,245	...	...	7.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,925	...	...	6.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,355	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	30,455	...	...	95.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,395	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	18,130	...	...	56.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	13,185	...	...	41.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	535	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	990	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,745	...	...	11.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,860	...	...	15.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,765	...	...	15.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,970	...	...	21.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,290	...	...	19.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,260	...	...	10.2	...	...
85 years and over	965	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	31,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,785	...	...	84.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,950	...	...	15.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,690	...	...	14.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	31,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,740	...	...	21.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,650	...	...	14.6	...	...
Not suitable only	645	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,100	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	255	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	25,115	...	...	78.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	31,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,275	...	...	4.1	...	...
Not in core need	30,200	...	...	95.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,230	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.3	...	...	61.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.2	...	...	8.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,021	...	...	1,021	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	270,000	...	...	270,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	297,200	...	...	297,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,570	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.4	...	...	24.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	66,585	32,740	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,315	605	705	2.0	1.8	2.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,305	600	710	2.0	1.8	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,110	505	610	1.7	1.5	1.8
Métis single ancestry	145	80	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,385	630	755	2.1	1.9	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,380	625	755	2.1	1.9	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,270	570	700	1.9	1.7	2.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	50	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	63,890	31,505	32,385	96.0	96.2	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	66,585	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	64,815	31,805	33,005	97.3	97.2	97.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,150	6,225	5,920	18.2	19.0	17.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	52,665	25,575	27,090	79.1	78.1	80.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,775	930	845	2.7	2.8	2.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	66,585	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	62,515	30,595	31,920	93.9	93.5	94.3
Immigrants⁸¹	3,550	1,855	1,695	5.3	5.7	5.0
Before 1980	530	285	245	0.8	0.9	0.7
1980 to 1990	190	110	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	325	165	160	0.5	0.5	0.5
2001 to 2010	1,095	565	525	1.6	1.7	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,420	730	690	2.1	2.2	2.0
2011 to 2015	605	270	335	0.9	0.8	1.0
2016 to 2021	815	465	355	1.2	1.4	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	525	285	235	0.8	0.9	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,550	1,855	1,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	425	210	215	12.0	11.3	12.6
5 to 14 years	645	345	295	18.2	18.6	17.4
15 to 24 years	695	360	330	19.6	19.4	19.4
25 to 44 years	1,495	800	695	42.1	43.1	40.9
45 years and over	290	140	155	8.2	7.5	9.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,550	1,855	1,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,105	545	560	31.1	29.4	32.9
Brazil	45	15	25	1.3	0.8	1.5
Colombia	535	250	290	15.1	13.5	17.1
El Salvador	20	15	10	0.6	0.8	0.6
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	80	50	25	2.3	2.7	1.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	60	15	40	1.7	0.8	2.4
Peru	20	15	10	0.6	0.8	0.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	145	80	60	4.1	4.3	3.5
Other places of birth in Americas	200	105	90	5.6	5.7	5.3
Europe	955	500	455	26.9	27.0	26.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	95	40	55	2.7	2.2	3.2
Croatia	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
France	455	245	210	12.8	13.2	12.4
Germany	35	20	10	1.0	1.1	0.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	45	35	15	1.3	1.9	0.9
Netherlands	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Romania	80	45	40	2.3	2.4	2.4
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	30	15	15	0.8	0.8	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.6
Other places of birth in Europe	145	70	75	4.1	3.8	4.4
Africa	905	490	415	25.5	26.4	24.4
Algeria	130	70	60	3.7	3.8	3.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	245	125	125	6.9	6.7	7.4
Egypt	20	0	20	0.6	0.0	1.2
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	115	65	45	3.2	3.5	2.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	395	230	165	11.1	12.4	9.7
Asia	590	325	265	16.6	17.5	15.6
Afghanistan	150	80	70	4.2	4.3	4.1
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	30	10	1.3	1.6	0.6
Syria⁸⁹	120	70	45	3.4	3.8	2.6
Turkey	50	20	25	1.4	1.1	1.5
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	0.7	0.8	0.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	15	20	0.8	0.8	1.2
Viet Nam	40	30	15	1.1	1.6	0.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	35	15	20	1.0	0.8	1.2
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	35	35	2.1	1.9	2.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	820	465	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	130	80	55	15.9	17.2	15.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	60	35	25	7.3	7.5	7.1
Haiti	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.9
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	15	4.9	5.4	4.3
Europe	115	60	55	14.0	12.9	15.7
France	95	45	50	11.6	9.7	14.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	1.8	2.2	0.0
Africa	380	215	165	46.3	46.2	47.1
Algeria	40	15	25	4.9	3.2	7.1
Burundi	25	15	10	3.0	3.2	2.9
Cameroon	25	15	10	3.0	3.2	2.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	125	75	50	15.2	16.1	14.3
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	15	20	4.3	3.2	5.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	10	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	70	35	13.4	15.1	10.0
Asia	190	115	80	23.2	24.7	22.9
Afghanistan	35	25	15	4.3	5.4	4.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	1.8	2.2	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.9
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	115	65	45	14.0	14.0	12.9
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	66,590	32,735	33,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,370	2,295	2,075	6.6	7.0	6.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,040	1,585	1,455	4.6	4.8	4.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	59,180	28,855	30,325	88.9	88.1	89.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,020	1,575	1,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	930	540	385	30.8	34.3	26.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	445	305	140	14.7	19.4	9.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	490	235	250	16.2	14.9	17.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	645	300	345	21.4	19.0	23.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	1,435	725	710	47.5	46.0	49.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,020	1,575	1,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	145	85	60	4.8	5.4	4.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	170	120	55	5.6	7.6	3.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	0	0.7	0.6	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	40	25	2.0	2.5	1.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	35	15	25	1.2	1.0	1.7
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,585	1,295	1,285	85.6	82.2	88.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	66,590	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,630	1,850	1,785	5.5	5.7	5.3
South Asian	70	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	110	40	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	1,200	615	585	1.8	1.9	1.7
Filipino	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab	530	300	230	0.8	0.9	0.7
Latin American	1,080	515	565	1.6	1.6	1.7
Southeast Asian	160	95	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
West Asian	305	155	160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	75	50	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	62,955	30,885	32,065	94.5	94.3	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	66,590	32,735	33,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	27,085	13,185	13,900	40.7	40.3	41.1
English	940	405	535	1.4	1.2	1.6
Irish	2,805	1,255	1,555	4.2	3.8	4.6
Scottish	820	385	435	1.2	1.2	1.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	15,730	7,785	7,940	23.6	23.8	23.5
German	690	385	310	1.0	1.2	0.9
Chinese	110	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	830	420	410	1.2	1.3	1.2
Indian (India)	100	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	80	55	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	145	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Polish	280	145	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Québécois	9,360	4,580	4,780	14.1	14.0	14.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	175	65	105	0.3	0.2	0.3
Filipino	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	5,650	2,780	2,865	8.5	8.5	8.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,095	510	585	1.6	1.6	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,270	555	715	1.9	1.7	2.1
Métis	255	135	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	815	440	375	1.2	1.3	1.1
Russian	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	125	65	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	360	180	180	0.5	0.5	0.5
Spanish	370	160	210	0.6	0.5	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	445	205	240	0.7	0.6	0.7
Pakistani	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	275	155	120	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jewish	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	95	55	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	195	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Greek	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Korean	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	140	90	50	0.2	0.3	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	640	310	330	1.0	0.9	1.0
Danish	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	255	95	160	0.4	0.3	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belgian	395	235	160	0.6	0.7	0.5
Haitian	220	110	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	170	70	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	160	95	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	110	35	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	275	125	145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	570	275	295	0.9	0.8	0.9
Moroccan	150	85	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	85	60	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	290	135	155	0.4	0.4	0.5
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	100	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	175	85	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	75	50	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Congolese	240	105	130	0.4	0.3	0.4
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	45	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dominican	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	145	85	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	110	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	140	65	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	100	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Norman	75	20	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	65	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	30	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	66,590	32,735	33,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	45,950	21,845	24,105	69.0	66.7	71.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,890	1,500	1,390	4.3	4.6	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	245	125	115	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catholic	41,045	19,410	21,635	61.6	59.3	63.9
Christian Orthodox	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	220	75	145	0.3	0.2	0.4
Latter Day Saints	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	480	230	245	0.7	0.7	0.7
Presbyterian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	720	345	380	1.1	1.1	1.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	1,130	605	530	1.7	1.8	1.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	19,255	10,160	9,095	28.9	31.0	26.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	66,035	32,450	33,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	57,155	28,125	29,025	86.6	86.7	86.4
Movers	8,880	4,320	4,560	13.4	13.3	13.6
Non-migrants	5,740	2,700	3,045	8.7	8.3	9.1
Migrants	3,140	1,625	1,515	4.8	5.0	4.5
Internal migrants	2,955	1,530	1,430	4.5	4.7	4.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,885	1,480	1,400	4.4	4.6	4.2
Interprovincial migrants	75	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	180	95	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	63,520	31,265	32,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	36,120	17,900	18,230	56.9	57.3	56.5
Movers	27,400	13,370	14,030	43.1	42.8	43.5
Non-migrants	14,785	7,080	7,700	23.3	22.6	23.9
Migrants	12,615	6,285	6,325	19.9	20.1	19.6
Internal migrants	11,670	5,760	5,900	18.4	18.4	18.3
Intraprovincial migrants	11,450	5,635	5,815	18.0	18.0	18.0
Interprovincial migrants	220	130	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	945	525	420	1.5	1.7	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	14,605	7,910	6,700	26.1	29.0	23.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	41,415	19,400	22,020	73.9	71.0	76.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	33,770	16,850	16,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,575	3,970	2,605	19.5	23.6	15.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	27,195	12,880	14,310	80.5	76.4	84.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	56,025	27,305	28,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,915	6,740	6,180	23.1	24.7	21.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15,045	6,950	8,095	26.9	25.5	28.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,065	13,610	14,450	50.1	49.8	50.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20,660	10,325	10,335	36.9	37.8	36.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,680	5,825	3,850	17.3	21.3	13.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,970	3,715	3,250	12.4	13.6	11.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,705	2,110	600	4.8	7.7	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	9,275	3,770	5,510	16.6	13.8	19.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,705	730	975	3.0	2.7	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,405	3,285	4,120	13.2	12.0	14.3
Bachelor's degree	4,930	2,095	2,845	8.8	7.7	9.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	780	375	400	1.4	1.4	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	115	95	0.4	0.4	0.3
Master's degree	1,320	650	670	2.4	2.4	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	55	105	0.3	0.2	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	33,770	16,855	16,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,425	3,190	2,230	16.1	18.9	13.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,070	4,050	4,015	23.9	24.0	23.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,280	9,610	10,670	60.1	57.0	63.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	14,695	7,300	7,395	43.5	43.3	43.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,265	4,295	2,970	21.5	25.5	17.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,305	2,755	2,555	15.7	16.3	15.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,960	1,545	415	5.8	9.2	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,430	2,580	3,855	19.0	15.3	22.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	995	420	575	2.9	2.5	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,585	2,315	3,270	16.5	13.7	19.3
Bachelor's degree	3,685	1,495	2,190	10.9	8.9	12.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	600	265	335	1.8	1.6	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	55	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	1,030	455	575	3.1	2.7	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	40	85	0.4	0.2	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	56,030	27,305	28,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	27,965	13,695	14,270	49.9	50.2	49.7
Education	2,385	475	1,910	4.3	1.7	6.6
13. Education	2,385	475	1,910	4.3	1.7	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	755	335	415	1.3	1.2	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	90	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	640	245	395	1.1	0.9	1.4
Humanities	1,350	500	850	2.4	1.8	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	120	40	80	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	790	245	545	1.4	0.9	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	120	75	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	175	55	120	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,920	505	1,415	3.4	1.8	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	60	125	0.3	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	665	55	605	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	295	100	190	0.5	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	315	90	235	0.6	0.3	0.8
45. Social sciences	355	170	185	0.6	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	6,225	2,185	4,035	11.1	8.0	14.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	330	60	270	0.6	0.2	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,890	2,130	3,760	10.5	7.8	13.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	730	365	360	1.3	1.3	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	270	85	185	0.5	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	80	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	165	105	65	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	810	505	305	1.4	1.8	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	695	485	210	1.2	1.8	0.7
25. Library science	55	10	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,045	6,505	535	12.6	23.8	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	105	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	875	770	105	1.6	2.8	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,535	1,325	215	2.7	4.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,630	1,590	40	2.9	5.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,330	1,290	40	2.4	4.7	0.1
48. Precision production	1,565	1,465	100	2.8	5.4	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	670	350	315	1.2	1.3	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	570	290	280	1.0	1.1	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	3,700	705	2,990	6.6	2.6	10.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	225	135	95	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,400	535	2,865	6.1	2.0	10.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,480	1,170	1,310	4.4	4.3	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,505	360	1,150	2.7	1.3	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	460	365	95	0.8	1.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	510	440	70	0.9	1.6	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	33,775	16,850	16,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	13,490	7,245	6,250	39.9	43.0	36.9
Education	1,445	250	1,195	4.3	1.5	7.1
13. Education	1,445	250	1,195	4.3	1.5	7.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	530	240	290	1.6	1.4	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	65	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	450	175	275	1.3	1.0	1.6
Humanities	830	330	500	2.5	2.0	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	475	180	295	1.4	1.1	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	90	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	95	20	75	0.3	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,395	285	1,110	4.1	1.7	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	45	80	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	535	10	525	1.6	0.1	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	205	55	150	0.6	0.3	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	245	45	200	0.7	0.3	1.2
45. Social sciences	245	120	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
Business, management and public administration	4,540	1,460	3,080	13.4	8.7	18.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	30	210	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,295	1,435	2,865	12.7	8.5	16.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	480	220	260	1.4	1.3	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	75	150	0.7	0.4	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	130	70	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	620	405	210	1.8	2.4	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	555	400	155	1.6	2.4	0.9
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,245	4,765	480	15.5	28.3	2.8
04. Architecture and related services	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	735	640	95	2.2	3.8	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,120	930	190	3.3	5.5	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,180	1,155	25	3.5	6.9	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	940	905	35	2.8	5.4	0.2
48. Precision production	1,185	1,095	90	3.5	6.5	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	550	270	280	1.6	1.6	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	470	230	245	1.4	1.4	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	2,720	515	2,205	8.1	3.1	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	170	100	75	0.5	0.6	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,490	390	2,100	7.4	2.3	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,930	870	1,060	5.7	5.2	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,190	270	920	3.5	1.6	5.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	335	265	75	1.0	1.6	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	395	330	65	1.2	2.0	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	33,775	16,850	16,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,490	7,245	6,250	39.9	43.0	36.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	20,285	9,610	10,670	60.1	57.0	63.1
Location of study inside Canada	19,210	8,965	10,245	56.9	53.2	60.6
Same as province or territory of residence	18,970	8,830	10,140	56.2	52.4	59.9
Different than province or territory of residence	235	135	100	0.7	0.8	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,075	645	425	3.2	3.8	2.5
Americas	340	190	155	1.0	1.1	0.9
United States of America	65	50	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mexico	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Cuba	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	405	265	135	1.2	1.6	0.8
Belgium	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	265	170	90	0.8	1.0	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italy	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Africa	245	150	95	0.7	0.9	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	80	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Morocco	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	50	35	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	85	55	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Asia	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	56,025	27,305	28,720	...	...	...
In the labour force	33,700	17,570	16,130	...	...	...
Employed	31,805	16,555	15,245	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,895	1,020	875	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	22,325	9,735	12,595	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.2	64.3	56.2	60.2	64.3	56.2
Employment rate	56.8	60.6	53.1	56.8	60.6	53.1
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.8	5.4	5.6	5.8	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	56,030	27,305	28,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	21,625	9,335	12,295	38.6	34.2	42.8
Worked	34,400	17,975	16,425	61.4	65.8	57.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	17,930	9,990	7,945	32.0	36.6	27.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	16,470	7,985	8,485	29.4	29.2	29.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.2	40.9	41.6	42.2	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	33,700	17,575	16,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	545	270	275	1.6	1.5	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	33,150	17,305	15,845	98.4	98.5	98.3
Employee	29,265	15,105	14,155	86.8	85.9	87.8
Permanent position	25,275	13,275	12,000	75.0	75.5	74.4
Temporary position	3,985	1,830	2,155	11.8	10.4	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,245	480	760	3.7	2.7	4.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,745	1,350	1,400	8.1	7.7	8.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,890	2,200	1,690	11.5	12.5	10.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	33,700	17,575	16,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	545	270	275	1.6	1.5	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	33,150	17,305	15,845	98.4	98.5	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	415	335	85	1.2	1.9	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,860	1,530	3,325	14.4	8.7	20.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,060	1,600	460	6.1	9.1	2.9
3 Health occupations	2,495	460	2,035	7.4	2.6	12.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,480	855	2,620	10.3	4.9	16.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	790	380	410	2.3	2.2	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	9,000	3,910	5,090	26.7	22.2	31.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,010	5,515	495	17.8	31.4	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	585	425	160	1.7	2.4	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,450	2,290	1,160	10.2	13.0	7.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	33,700	17,575	16,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	545	270	275	1.6	1.5	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	33,150	17,305	15,845	98.4	98.5	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	490	295	195	1.5	1.7	1.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	55	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	145	120	25	0.4	0.7	0.2
23 Construction	2,225	1,965	260	6.6	11.2	1.6
31-33 Manufacturing	7,095	4,945	2,155	21.1	28.1	13.4
41 Wholesale trade	1,240	835	410	3.7	4.8	2.5
44-45 Retail trade	4,545	2,200	2,345	13.5	12.5	14.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,120	865	255	3.3	4.9	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	235	135	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	1,160	385	770	3.4	2.2	4.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	330	185	150	1.0	1.1	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,460	750	705	4.3	4.3	4.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,390	880	505	4.1	5.0	3.1
61 Educational services	2,060	480	1,580	6.1	2.7	9.8
62 Health care and social assistance	4,390	730	3,660	13.0	4.2	22.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	685	375	310	2.0	2.1	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	1,970	795	1,175	5.8	4.5	7.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,430	690	745	4.2	3.9	4.6
91 Public administration	1,125	615	510	3.3	3.5	3.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	36,420	18,950	17,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	485	335	155	1.3	1.8	0.9
French	29,965	15,285	14,680	82.3	80.7	84.0
Non-official language	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	5,680	3,205	2,475	15.6	16.9	14.2
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	110	30	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	130	65	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	36,420	18,950	17,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	35,700	18,515	17,185	98.0	97.7	98.4
Official languages	35,635	18,480	17,155	97.8	97.5	98.2
English	950	595	350	2.6	3.1	2.0
French	34,680	17,880	16,805	95.2	94.4	96.2
Non-official languages	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	720	440	280	2.0	2.3	1.6
English and French	665	410	255	1.8	2.2	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	36,420	18,950	17,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	31,180	16,050	15,125	85.6	84.7	86.6
English	4,585	2,560	2,025	12.6	13.5	11.6
French	490	275	220	1.3	1.5	1.3
Non-official language	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	31,805	16,555	15,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,810	1,730	2,085	12.0	10.5	13.7
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,105	2,260	845	9.8	13.7	5.5
Usual place of work	24,870	12,550	12,320	78.2	75.8	80.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	24,870	12,550	12,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,840	7,825	9,010	67.7	62.4	73.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,065	600	465	4.3	4.8	3.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,945	4,100	2,845	27.9	32.7	23.1
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	27,970	14,805	13,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	25,740	13,630	12,105	92.0	92.1	91.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	24,290	13,045	11,245	86.8	88.1	85.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,450	585	865	5.2	4.0	6.6
Public transit	250	95	160	0.9	0.6	1.2
Walked	1,355	690	660	4.8	4.7	5.0
Bicycle	260	225	35	0.9	1.5	0.3
Other method	360	165	195	1.3	1.1	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	27,970	14,805	13,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	14,525	6,990	7,530	51.9	47.2	57.2
15 to 29 minutes	8,090	4,300	3,790	28.9	29.0	28.8
30 to 44 minutes	2,870	1,740	1,130	10.3	11.8	8.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,315	885	430	4.7	6.0	3.3
60 minutes and over	1,175	895	280	4.2	6.0	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	27,970	14,805	13,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,705	1,345	365	6.1	9.1	2.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,065	3,425	1,645	18.1	23.1	12.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,905	4,460	4,445	31.8	30.1	33.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,275	2,005	3,270	18.9	13.5	24.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,480	1,015	1,465	8.9	6.9	11.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,540	2,560	1,980	16.2	17.3	15.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	12,845	6,605	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,575	815	760	12.3	12.3	12.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,275	5,795	5,480	87.8	87.7	87.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	9,475	4,880	4,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,200	630	565	12.7	12.9	12.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	840	425	410	8.9	8.7	8.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	360	205	155	3.8	4.2	3.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,280	4,250	4,030	87.4	87.1	87.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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