Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Gaspésie--Les Îles-de-la-MadeleineMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	75,927	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	75,850	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.1	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	39,734	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	35,792	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16,783.86	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	75,930	37,520	38,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9,175	4,675	4,505	12.1	12.5	11.7
0 to 4 years	2,780	1,435	1,345	3.7	3.8	3.5
5 to 9 years	3,070	1,530	1,535	4.0	4.1	4.0
10 to 14 years	3,330	1,710	1,625	4.4	4.6	4.2
15 to 64 years	44,095	21,990	22,105	58.1	58.6	57.6
15 to 19 years	2,955	1,575	1,380	3.9	4.2	3.6
20 to 24 years	2,770	1,435	1,335	3.6	3.8	3.5
25 to 29 years	3,235	1,630	1,610	4.3	4.3	4.2
30 to 34 years	3,590	1,755	1,840	4.7	4.7	4.8
35 to 39 years	3,620	1,830	1,790	4.8	4.9	4.7
40 to 44 years	4,010	2,020	1,990	5.3	5.4	5.2
45 to 49 years	4,265	2,075	2,190	5.6	5.5	5.7
50 to 54 years	4,955	2,430	2,525	6.5	6.5	6.6
55 to 59 years	6,750	3,345	3,400	8.9	8.9	8.9
60 to 64 years	7,945	3,900	4,045	10.5	10.4	10.5
65 years and over	22,650	10,850	11,795	29.8	28.9	30.7
65 to 69 years	7,510	3,825	3,680	9.9	10.2	9.6
70 to 74 years	6,160	3,035	3,120	8.1	8.1	8.1
75 to 79 years	4,160	1,995	2,160	5.5	5.3	5.6
80 to 84 years	2,600	1,190	1,410	3.4	3.2	3.7
85 years and over	2,230	805	1,425	2.9	2.1	3.7
85 to 89 years	1,450	565	880	1.9	1.5	2.3
90 to 94 years	615	205	410	0.8	0.5	1.1
95 to 99 years	150	30	115	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.1	12.5	11.7	12.1	12.5	11.7
15 to 64 years	58.1	58.6	57.6	58.1	58.6	57.6
65 years and over	29.8	28.9	30.7	29.8	28.9	30.7
85 years and over	2.9	2.1	3.7	2.9	2.1	3.7
Average age of the population	49.2	48.4	49.9	49.2	48.4	49.9
Median age of the population	54.4	54.0	55.2	54.4	54.0	55.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	35,790	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	28,075	...	...	78.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,235	...	...	3.5	...	...
Row house	355	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,365	...	...	3.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,055	...	...	11.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	495	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	35,790	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	12,530	...	...	35.0	...	...
2 persons	14,160	...	...	39.6	...	...
3 persons	4,615	...	...	12.9	...	...
4 persons	3,110	...	...	8.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,375	...	...	3.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	74,580	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	66,750	32,845	33,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	38,205	19,105	19,100	57.2	58.2	56.3
Married	19,675	9,845	9,830	29.5	30.0	29.0
Living common-law	18,530	9,255	9,275	27.8	28.2	27.4
Living common law - Never married	15,700	7,785	7,920	23.5	23.7	23.4
Living common law - Separated	165	75	90	0.2	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,205	1,200	1,005	3.3	3.7	3.0
Living common law - Widowed	460	195	260	0.7	0.6	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	28,545	13,740	14,805	42.8	41.8	43.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	18,600	10,320	8,285	27.9	31.4	24.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	765	370	395	1.1	1.1	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,835	1,765	2,070	5.7	5.4	6.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,340	1,285	4,055	8.0	3.9	12.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	22,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	14,400	...	...	64.0	...	...
3 persons	4,300	...	...	19.1	...	...
4 persons	2,820	...	...	12.5	...	...
5 or more persons	980	...	...	4.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	22,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	18,840	...	...	83.7	...	...
Married couples	9,580	...	...	42.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,505	...	...	11.1	...	...
Without children	7,075	...	...	31.4	...	...
Common-law couples	9,260	...	...	41.1	...	...
With children⁶	4,530	...	...	20.1	...	...
Without children	4,735	...	...	21.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,665	...	...	16.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,680	...	...	11.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	980	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	74,580	36,920	37,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	58,155	29,020	29,135	78.0	78.6	77.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	37,680	18,835	18,840	50.5	51.0	50.0
Parents in one-parent families	3,660	980	2,685	4.9	2.7	7.1
Children⁶	16,815	9,205	7,610	22.5	24.9	20.2
In a two-parent family	11,830	6,370	5,460	15.9	17.3	14.5
In a one-parent family	4,985	2,835	2,150	6.7	7.7	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,425	7,905	8,525	22.0	21.4	22.6
Living alone	12,530	5,990	6,545	16.8	16.2	17.4
Living with other relatives⁷	2,030	900	1,130	2.7	2.4	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	1,870	1,015	850	2.5	2.7	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	35,790	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	20,700	...	...	57.8	...	...
Couple-family households	17,600	...	...	49.2	...	...
With children⁶	6,545	...	...	18.3	...	...
Without children	11,060	...	...	30.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,095	...	...	8.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	545	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	105	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	800	...	...	2.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,115	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	12,530	...	...	35.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	65,410	32,250	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	64,570	31,855	32,715	98.7	98.8	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,000	33,600	36,800	40,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	64,585	31,860	32,720	98.7	98.8	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	35,200	30,400	32,800	35,200	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	53,370	27,135	26,240	81.6	84.1	79.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,800	29,000	24,800	26,800	29,000	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,405	21,590	19,820	63.3	66.9	59.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	30,200	27,600	28,800	30,200	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	57,195	27,760	29,440	87.4	86.1	88.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,700	16,400	14,900	15,700	16,400	14,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,435	9,770	6,665	25.1	30.3	20.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	12,000	9,200	11,000	12,000	9,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,800	8,250	7,550	24.2	25.6	22.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,000	6,000	5,480	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	65,425	32,270	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	64,555	31,825	32,730	98.7	98.6	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,400	47,320	39,600	43,400	47,320	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	64,555	31,830	32,730	98.7	98.6	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,680	39,160	34,280	36,680	39,160	34,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	53,465	27,160	26,300	81.7	84.2	79.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,280	39,560	32,840	36,280	39,560	32,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,425	21,580	19,845	63.3	66.9	59.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,880	40,000	35,560	37,880	40,000	35,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	57,315	27,950	29,365	87.6	86.6	88.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,060	15,420	14,720	15,060	15,420	14,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,600	9,965	6,640	25.4	30.9	20.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	11,530	10,200	11,000	11,530	10,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,740	8,255	7,490	24.1	25.6	22.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,930	6,740	7,130	6,930	6,740	7,130
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	65,430	32,275	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,670	7,230	8,440	23.9	22.4	25.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	55,200	48,800	52,000	55,200	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,800	63,000	55,200	58,800	63,000	55,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	21,045	11,595	9,450	32.2	35.9	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	21,600	15,800	18,800	21,600	15,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,840	31,760	23,000	27,840	31,760	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	69.2	71.4	66.6	69.2	71.4	66.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.0	57.3	54.4	56.0	57.3	54.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	30.8	28.6	33.4	30.8	28.6	33.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	6.5	7.6	5.2	6.5	7.6	5.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	4.4	5.3	4.8	4.4	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.7	4.1	3.9	3.7	4.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	65,410	32,255	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	835	395	440	1.3	1.2	1.3
With total income	64,575	31,860	32,715	98.7	98.8	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,425	1,420	2,005	5.3	4.5	6.1
$10,000 to $19,999	9,455	3,915	5,540	14.6	12.3	16.9
$20,000 to $29,999	12,570	5,625	6,940	19.5	17.7	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	10,275	5,005	5,265	15.9	15.7	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	9,325	4,915	4,415	14.4	15.4	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	6,715	3,570	3,145	10.4	11.2	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	4,025	2,155	1,870	6.2	6.8	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	2,645	1,495	1,150	4.1	4.7	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,960	1,100	865	3.0	3.5	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,280	735	540	2.0	2.3	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,900	1,925	975	4.5	6.0	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,130	1,390	735	3.3	4.4	2.2
$150,000 and over	770	535	235	1.2	1.7	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	65,410	32,255	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	830	390	435	1.3	1.2	1.3
With after-tax income	64,580	31,865	32,720	98.7	98.8	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,645	1,500	2,150	5.6	4.7	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	9,785	4,095	5,695	15.2	12.9	17.4
$20,000 to $29,999	14,935	6,735	8,200	23.1	21.1	25.1
$30,000 to $39,999	12,870	6,685	6,185	19.9	21.0	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	10,115	5,405	4,710	15.7	17.0	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	5,515	2,985	2,525	8.5	9.4	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	3,250	1,745	1,505	5.0	5.5	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,845	1,015	825	2.9	3.2	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,060	620	445	1.6	1.9	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	530	370	160	0.8	1.2	0.5
$100,000 and over	1,020	705	320	1.6	2.2	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	595	430	170	0.9	1.3	0.5
$125,000 and over	425	270	155	0.7	0.8	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	65,410	32,255	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	24,005	10,665	13,335	36.7	33.1	40.2
With employment income	41,405	21,585	19,820	63.3	66.9	59.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,910	2,550	2,360	11.9	11.8	11.9
$5,000 to $9,999	3,300	1,480	1,825	8.0	6.9	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	7,785	3,950	3,835	18.8	18.3	19.3
$20,000 to $29,999	5,270	2,755	2,515	12.7	12.8	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	4,680	2,350	2,330	11.3	10.9	11.8
$40,000 to $49,999	4,165	2,065	2,100	10.1	9.6	10.6
$50,000 to $59,999	3,220	1,745	1,480	7.8	8.1	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,170	1,175	995	5.2	5.4	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,615	940	675	3.9	4.4	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,355	710	645	3.3	3.3	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	890	515	375	2.1	2.4	1.9
$100,000 and over	2,040	1,355	680	4.9	6.3	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,110	710	405	2.7	3.3	2.0
$125,000 and over	930	645	280	2.2	3.0	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	65,410	32,250	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	64,095	31,605	32,490	98.0	98.0	98.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,400	30,200	34,400	38,400	30,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	64,105	31,605	32,505	98.0	98.0	98.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	33,600	27,600	30,600	33,600	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	52,995	26,985	26,015	81.0	83.7	78.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	30,200	25,000	27,600	30,200	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,525	22,025	20,505	65.0	68.3	61.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	30,600	26,400	28,400	30,600	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	54,700	26,450	28,250	83.6	82.0	85.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,600	14,500	12,700	13,600	14,500	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	17,125	10,190	6,925	26.2	31.6	20.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	11,700	8,900	10,500	11,700	8,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	65,425	32,270	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	64,020	31,550	32,470	97.9	97.8	97.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,640	46,560	36,840	41,640	46,560	36,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	64,035	31,550	32,490	97.9	97.8	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,080	38,400	31,880	35,080	38,400	31,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	53,170	27,095	26,075	81.3	84.0	78.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,880	41,160	32,400	36,880	41,160	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,625	22,085	20,540	65.2	68.4	62.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,280	40,600	33,760	37,280	40,600	33,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	54,890	26,655	28,235	83.9	82.6	85.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,840	13,280	12,420	12,840	13,280	12,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,435	10,430	7,005	26.6	32.3	21.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,850	11,490	9,910	10,850	11,490	9,910
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	65,430	32,275	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,560	7,195	8,370	23.8	22.3	25.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	52,800	45,200	48,400	52,800	45,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,000	60,000	50,720	55,000	60,000	50,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	20,380	11,285	9,100	31.1	35.0	27.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	23,200	17,600	20,400	23,200	17,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,840	35,440	25,120	30,840	35,440	25,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	73.6	76.0	70.6	73.6	76.0	70.6
Employment income (%)	59.7	61.0	58.0	59.7	61.0	58.0
Government transfers (%)	26.5	24.1	29.3	26.5	24.1	29.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	7.1	8.2	5.8	7.1	8.2	5.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	35,795	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	12,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,800	...	...	29,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	23,260	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	35,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,300	...	...	78,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,920	...	...	38,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,720	...	...	33,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	23,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,400	...	...	99,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,600	...	...	83,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	465	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	840	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,260	...	...	9.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,435	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,730	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,320	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,825	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,685	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,085	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,710	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,490	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,315	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,925	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,415	...	...	26.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,670	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,250	...	...	6.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,240	...	...	6.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,250	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	170	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	145	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	475	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	875	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,435	...	...	9.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,765	...	...	4.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,225	...	...	6.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,510	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,110	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,865	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,450	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,215	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,840	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,425	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,920	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,365	...	...	17.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,135	...	...	8.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,710	...	...	4.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,525	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	22,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	11,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,485	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	14,400	7,005	7,395	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	36,000	29,800	32,400	36,000	29,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,800	32,400	28,000	29,800	32,400	28,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	22,605	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,300	...	...	99,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...	83,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	11,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,100	...	...	84,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,100	...	...	71,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,400	...	...	137,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,600	...	...	112,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,400	...	...	69,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	14,400	7,000	7,400	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,760	41,400	36,280	38,760	41,400	36,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	35,120	32,200	33,600	35,120	32,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	74,585	36,925	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,015	5,640	5,370	14.8	15.3	14.3
0 to 5 years	3,335	1,725	1,610	4.5	4.7	4.3
18 to 64 years	41,875	20,775	21,100	56.1	56.3	56.0
65 years and over	21,690	10,505	11,190	29.1	28.4	29.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,625	4,865	5,760	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	915	460	455	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	260	125	135	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,725	1,800	1,925	...	...	...
65 years and over	5,985	2,605	3,380	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.2	15.3	14.2	13.2	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.2	8.4	8.3	8.2	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	7.9	7.4	8.4	7.9	7.4	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	8.7	9.1	8.9	8.7	9.1
65 years and over (%)	27.6	24.8	30.2	27.6	24.8	30.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	74,580	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,015	5,645	5,375	14.8	15.3	14.3
0 to 5 years	3,330	1,725	1,605	4.5	4.7	4.3
18 to 64 years	41,875	20,775	21,100	56.1	56.3	56.0
65 years and over	21,690	10,505	11,185	29.1	28.5	29.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,370	715	660	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	120	70	55	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,060	575	485	...	...	...
65 years and over	185	75	115	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1
0 to 5 years (%)	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.8	0.6	0.9
18 to 64 years (%)	2.5	2.8	2.3	2.5	2.8	2.3
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.7	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	74,585	36,925	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	46,325	22,445	23,875	62.1	60.8	63.4
In bottom decile	8,195	3,770	4,430	11.0	10.2	11.8
In second decile	9,960	4,680	5,280	13.4	12.7	14.0
In third decile	9,440	4,615	4,825	12.7	12.5	12.8
In fourth decile	9,790	4,890	4,900	13.1	13.2	13.0
In fifth decile	8,940	4,495	4,440	12.0	12.2	11.8
In top half of the distribution	28,260	14,475	13,780	37.9	39.2	36.6
In sixth decile	8,410	4,290	4,120	11.3	11.6	10.9
In seventh decile	7,005	3,600	3,400	9.4	9.7	9.0
In eighth decile	5,945	3,035	2,915	8.0	8.2	7.7
In ninth decile	4,410	2,250	2,160	5.9	6.1	5.7
In top decile	2,490	1,300	1,185	3.3	3.5	3.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	74,580	...	...	74,580	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.291	...	...	0.291	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.474	...	...	0.474	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.248	...	...	0.248	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	75,335	37,185	38,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	3,070	1,580	1,490	4.1	4.2	3.9
French only	52,460	25,085	27,375	69.6	67.5	71.8
English and French	19,765	10,505	9,260	26.2	28.3	24.3
Neither English nor French	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	75,335	37,185	38,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,290	3,155	3,135	8.3	8.5	8.2
French	68,725	33,870	34,850	91.2	91.1	91.4
English and French	295	150	145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Neither English nor French	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	75,335	37,185	38,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	74,440	36,750	37,695	98.8	98.8	98.8
Official languages	74,010	36,510	37,500	98.2	98.2	98.3
English	6,000	2,985	3,015	8.0	8.0	7.9
French	68,005	33,525	34,480	90.3	90.2	90.4
Non-official languages	430	240	195	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	430	240	195	0.6	0.6	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	25	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	225	125	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	100	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	115	75	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	890	440	455	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	815	390	420	1.1	1.0	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	75,335	37,185	38,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,060	2,510	2,550	6.7	6.8	6.7
French	67,080	33,080	34,000	89.0	89.0	89.1
Non-official language	125	85	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	85	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	2,685	1,305	1,380	3.6	3.5	3.6
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	180	95	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	155	85	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	75,335	37,185	38,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	74,660	36,855	37,805	99.1	99.1	99.1
Official languages	74,465	36,735	37,730	98.8	98.8	98.9
English	5,800	2,855	2,940	7.7	7.7	7.7
French	68,670	33,880	34,785	91.2	91.1	91.2
Non-official languages	195	120	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	120	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	110	70	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	55	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	680	330	345	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	615	305	310	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	75,335	37,185	38,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	72,910	35,995	36,920	96.8	96.8	96.8
English	1,405	700	705	1.9	1.9	1.8
French	735	345	390	1.0	0.9	1.0
Non-official language	140	75	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	75	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	74,585	36,925	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	74,555	36,925	37,640	100.0	100.0	99.9
English	22,750	12,030	10,720	30.5	32.6	28.5
French	71,515	35,400	36,115	95.9	95.9	95.9
Non-official languages	1,655	755	900	2.2	2.0	2.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,640	750	890	2.2	2.0	2.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	80	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	130	80	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,320	590	730	1.8	1.6	1.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,145	515	630	1.5	1.4	1.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	130	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	990	430	550	1.3	1.2	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	74,580	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,820	2,495	2,320	6.5	6.8	6.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,600	2,390	2,210	6.2	6.5	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,345	645	695	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis	3,205	1,715	1,495	4.3	4.6	4.0
Inuk (Inuit)	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	110	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	110	60	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	69,765	34,425	35,340	93.5	93.2	93.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	74,580	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	830	410	420	1.1	1.1	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	73,755	36,510	37,240	98.9	98.9	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	26,120	...	...	73.0	...	...
Renter	9,670	...	...	27.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,565	...	...	4.4	...	...
Not condominium	34,230	...	...	95.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	3,890	...	...	10.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,705	...	...	29.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,845	...	...	35.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,275	...	...	23.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,915	...	...	24.9	...	...
5 rooms	6,945	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	6,215	...	...	17.4	...	...
7 rooms	4,440	...	...	12.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,275	...	...	25.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35,720	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	35,260	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	535	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	11,545	...	...	32.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,240	...	...	34.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,695	...	...	13.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,655	...	...	7.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	910	...	...	2.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,430	...	...	4.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,255	...	...	3.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,060	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	32,670	...	...	91.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,125	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	20,715	...	...	57.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	14,280	...	...	39.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	795	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	530	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,065	...	...	8.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,055	...	...	11.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,250	...	...	14.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,685	...	...	24.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,535	...	...	23.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,325	...	...	12.1	...	...
85 years and over	1,345	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	35,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,360	...	...	90.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,280	...	...	9.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,030	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	35,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,480	...	...	18.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,890	...	...	8.1	...	...
Not suitable only	455	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,680	...	...	7.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	380	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	29,310	...	...	81.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	35,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,380	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not in core need	34,010	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,035	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	49.4	...	...	49.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	632	...	...	632	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	786	...	...	786	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	174,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	192,000	...	...	192,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,665	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.4	...	...	16.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.1	...	...	16.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	576	...	...	576	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	579	...	...	579	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	74,580	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	3,520	1,750	1,765	4.7	4.7	4.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	3,480	1,730	1,750	4.7	4.7	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,795	865	930	2.4	2.3	2.5
Métis single ancestry	1,675	855	820	2.2	2.3	2.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,915	1,455	1,460	3.9	3.9	3.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,845	1,415	1,430	3.8	3.8	3.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,060	990	1,070	2.8	2.7	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	755	400	355	1.0	1.1	0.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	68,140	33,715	34,430	91.4	91.3	91.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	74,580	36,925	37,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	74,045	36,645	37,400	99.3	99.2	99.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,010	5,695	5,315	14.8	15.4	14.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	63,040	30,950	32,085	84.5	83.8	85.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	535	275	255	0.7	0.7	0.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	74,580	36,925	37,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	73,430	36,315	37,110	98.5	98.3	98.6
Immigrants⁸¹	1,010	515	500	1.4	1.4	1.3
Before 1980	245	145	100	0.3	0.4	0.3
1980 to 1990	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	90	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	245	135	110	0.3	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	360	155	205	0.5	0.4	0.5
2011 to 2015	150	60	95	0.2	0.2	0.3
2016 to 2021	215	95	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	145	95	50	0.2	0.3	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,015	515	500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	105	50	60	10.3	9.7	12.0
5 to 14 years	120	60	60	11.8	11.7	12.0
15 to 24 years	180	95	85	17.7	18.4	17.0
25 to 44 years	520	270	250	51.2	52.4	50.0
45 years and over	90	40	45	8.9	7.8	9.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,015	515	500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	175	80	95	17.2	15.5	19.0
Brazil	30	0	25	3.0	0.0	5.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	25	15	10	2.5	2.9	2.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	10	15	3.0	1.9	3.0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	35	35	6.9	6.8	7.0
Europe	500	255	240	49.3	49.5	48.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	285	150	135	28.1	29.1	27.0
Germany	40	15	25	3.9	2.9	5.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	30	15	15	3.0	2.9	3.0
Romania	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	0	15	2.0	0.0	3.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	20	10	3.0	3.9	2.0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	40	35	6.9	7.8	7.0
Africa	230	130	100	22.7	25.2	20.0
Algeria	20	15	10	2.0	2.9	2.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	65	35	30	6.4	6.8	6.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	100	60	45	9.9	11.7	9.0
Asia	95	40	55	9.4	7.8	11.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	15	2.0	1.9	3.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	2.0	0.0	4.0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	1.5	1.9	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	210	95	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	15	10	14.3	15.8	8.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	10	11.9	10.5	8.7
Europe	90	40	55	42.9	42.1	47.8
France	80	35	45	38.1	36.8	39.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	35	40	33.3	36.8	34.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	15	20	14.3	15.8	17.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	11.9	10.5	8.7
Asia	20	0	10	9.5	0.0	8.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	74,585	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,305	680	625	1.7	1.8	1.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,030	535	490	1.4	1.4	1.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	72,250	35,705	36,545	96.9	96.7	97.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	765	370	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	435	225	215	56.9	60.8	54.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	265	175	95	34.6	47.3	24.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	170	45	125	22.2	12.2	31.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	305	135	165	39.9	36.5	41.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	20	3.3	4.1	5.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	765	370	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	15	0	2.6	4.1	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	125	80	45	16.3	21.6	11.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	20	20	4.6	5.4	5.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	35	40	9.2	9.5	10.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	510	220	290	66.7	59.5	73.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	74,580	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	715	350	360	1.0	0.9	1.0
South Asian	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	55	15	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	260	130	130	0.3	0.4	0.3
Filipino	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arab	115	80	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin American	90	35	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	73,870	36,570	37,295	99.0	99.1	99.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	74,580	36,925	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	27,685	13,500	14,180	37.1	36.6	37.7
English	2,435	1,160	1,280	3.3	3.1	3.4
Irish	5,025	2,380	2,645	6.7	6.4	7.0
Scottish	2,045	920	1,130	2.7	2.5	3.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	15,135	7,655	7,480	20.3	20.7	19.9
German	740	335	410	1.0	0.9	1.1
Chinese	65	15	50	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italian	470	255	225	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indian (India)	95	60	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	8,860	4,420	4,440	11.9	12.0	11.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	330	165	165	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	5,525	2,750	2,775	7.4	7.4	7.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,515	750	765	2.0	2.0	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,250	575	670	1.7	1.6	1.8
Métis	2,535	1,315	1,220	3.4	3.6	3.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	435	245	195	0.6	0.7	0.5
Russian	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	115	40	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
American	285	145	145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	100	60	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Swedish	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Acadian	6,965	3,445	3,530	9.3	9.3	9.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jewish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	870	415	455	1.2	1.1	1.2
Danish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	640	285	355	0.9	0.8	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belgian	190	100	90	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	80	55	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	1,665	910	760	2.2	2.5	2.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	75	25	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	55	45	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	75	25	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	110	40	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	125	50	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	2,320	1,130	1,195	3.1	3.1	3.2
Norman	225	120	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	225	120	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Beninese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	74,580	36,920	37,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian	63,285	30,910	32,375	84.9	83.7	86.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,565	1,330	1,235	3.4	3.6	3.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,575	735	840	2.1	2.0	2.2
Baptist	230	115	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	57,405	28,015	29,395	77.0	75.9	78.1
Christian Orthodox	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	195	80	115	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	460	220	240	0.6	0.6	0.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	700	345	360	0.9	0.9	1.0
Hindu	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	140	95	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	180	85	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	10,875	5,770	5,105	14.6	15.6	13.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	74,035	36,675	37,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	68,530	34,055	34,475	92.6	92.9	92.3
Movers	5,505	2,615	2,890	7.4	7.1	7.7
Non-migrants	3,045	1,385	1,655	4.1	3.8	4.4
Migrants	2,460	1,235	1,230	3.3	3.4	3.3
Internal migrants	2,380	1,195	1,185	3.2	3.3	3.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,185	1,090	1,095	3.0	3.0	2.9
Interprovincial migrants	190	105	90	0.3	0.3	0.2
External migrants	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	71,780	35,500	36,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	53,345	26,560	26,785	74.3	74.8	73.8
Movers	18,435	8,945	9,490	25.7	25.2	26.2
Non-migrants	7,890	3,755	4,140	11.0	10.6	11.4
Migrants	10,545	5,190	5,355	14.7	14.6	14.8
Internal migrants	10,305	5,060	5,250	14.4	14.3	14.5
Intraprovincial migrants	9,690	4,780	4,920	13.5	13.5	13.6
Interprovincial migrants	615	280	335	0.9	0.8	0.9
External migrants	240	135	105	0.3	0.4	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	65,430	32,270	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20,805	11,610	9,195	31.8	36.0	27.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	44,620	20,660	23,960	68.2	64.0	72.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	38,035	18,705	19,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,240	5,660	3,580	24.3	30.3	18.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	28,795	13,050	15,745	75.7	69.8	81.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	65,425	32,270	33,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,890	10,135	8,755	28.9	31.4	26.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	13,875	6,385	7,490	21.2	19.8	22.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,660	15,755	16,910	49.9	48.8	51.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25,030	12,715	12,310	38.3	39.4	37.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,405	7,895	4,510	19.0	24.5	13.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	9,035	5,210	3,820	13.8	16.1	11.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,370	2,680	685	5.2	8.3	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,725	4,170	6,555	16.4	12.9	19.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,900	650	1,250	2.9	2.0	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,630	3,035	4,595	11.7	9.4	13.9
Bachelor's degree	5,450	2,045	3,400	8.3	6.3	10.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	665	310	355	1.0	1.0	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	285	125	160	0.4	0.4	0.5
Master's degree	1,045	470	570	1.6	1.5	1.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	195	90	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	38,035	18,705	19,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,975	4,715	3,260	21.0	25.2	16.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,780	3,185	3,595	17.8	17.0	18.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,275	10,805	12,470	61.2	57.8	64.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,650	8,795	8,860	46.4	47.0	45.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,040	5,590	3,450	23.8	29.9	17.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,645	3,665	2,980	17.5	19.6	15.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,395	1,925	465	6.3	10.3	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,560	2,880	4,685	19.9	15.4	24.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,050	320	730	2.8	1.7	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,625	2,010	3,610	14.8	10.7	18.7
Bachelor's degree	4,000	1,405	2,590	10.5	7.5	13.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	460	170	290	1.2	0.9	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	60	150	0.6	0.3	0.8
Master's degree	830	320	510	2.2	1.7	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	130	50	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	65,430	32,270	33,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	32,770	16,515	16,245	50.1	51.2	49.0
Education	3,220	710	2,510	4.9	2.2	7.6
13. Education	3,220	710	2,510	4.9	2.2	7.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	555	260	295	0.8	0.8	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	505	220	285	0.8	0.7	0.9
Humanities	1,175	500	675	1.8	1.5	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	10	55	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	675	305	375	1.0	0.9	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	160	50	110	0.2	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,990	590	1,395	3.0	1.8	4.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	50	115	0.3	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	565	50	510	0.9	0.2	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	225	80	145	0.3	0.2	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	90	15	75	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	370	80	290	0.6	0.2	0.9
45. Social sciences	565	315	255	0.9	1.0	0.8
Business, management and public administration	6,595	1,535	5,055	10.1	4.8	15.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	875	110	765	1.3	0.3	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,700	1,420	4,285	8.7	4.4	12.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	835	470	370	1.3	1.5	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	365	185	180	0.6	0.6	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	50	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	160	55	105	0.2	0.2	0.3
40. Physical sciences	185	155	30	0.3	0.5	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	400	240	155	0.6	0.7	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	315	220	95	0.5	0.7	0.3
25. Library science	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,715	7,360	365	11.8	22.8	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	160	85	70	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	405	350	60	0.6	1.1	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,145	1,035	110	1.7	3.2	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,365	2,300	60	3.6	7.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,145	2,100	45	3.3	6.5	0.1
48. Precision production	1,510	1,495	15	2.3	4.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,250	990	255	1.9	3.1	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	320	200	125	0.5	0.6	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	920	790	130	1.4	2.4	0.4
Health and related fields	5,355	885	4,470	8.2	2.7	13.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	280	115	160	0.4	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,950	730	4,225	7.6	2.3	12.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	130	45	85	0.2	0.1	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,560	2,205	1,350	5.4	6.8	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,545	430	1,110	2.4	1.3	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	525	375	150	0.8	1.2	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,485	1,395	90	2.3	4.3	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	38,035	18,710	19,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,760	7,905	6,855	38.8	42.3	35.5
Education	1,835	350	1,485	4.8	1.9	7.7
13. Education	1,835	350	1,485	4.8	1.9	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	420	195	230	1.1	1.0	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	380	170	215	1.0	0.9	1.1
Humanities	650	230	420	1.7	1.2	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	360	125	235	0.9	0.7	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	110	30	80	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,530	390	1,135	4.0	2.1	5.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	30	110	0.4	0.2	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	435	45	395	1.1	0.2	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	175	55	125	0.5	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	70	15	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	290	35	250	0.8	0.2	1.3
45. Social sciences	405	210	195	1.1	1.1	1.0
Business, management and public administration	4,865	965	3,895	12.8	5.2	20.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	720	55	665	1.9	0.3	3.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,140	915	3,230	10.9	4.9	16.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	535	300	235	1.4	1.6	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	140	165	0.8	0.7	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	140	110	30	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	190	130	0.8	1.0	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	280	185	90	0.7	1.0	0.5
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,555	5,240	315	14.6	28.0	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	135	70	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	315	265	50	0.8	1.4	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	815	725	90	2.1	3.9	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,685	1,635	50	4.4	8.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,595	1,560	35	4.2	8.3	0.2
48. Precision production	1,000	985	15	2.6	5.3	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	860	640	215	2.3	3.4	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	250	140	110	0.7	0.7	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	605	500	105	1.6	2.7	0.5
Health and related fields	3,955	640	3,315	10.4	3.4	17.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	210	75	130	0.6	0.4	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,650	540	3,110	9.6	2.9	16.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	95	20	75	0.2	0.1	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,740	1,660	1,085	7.2	8.9	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,185	305	875	3.1	1.6	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	410	285	125	1.1	1.5	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,150	1,070	80	3.0	5.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	38,035	18,710	19,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,760	7,905	6,855	38.8	42.3	35.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	23,275	10,805	12,475	61.2	57.7	64.5
Location of study inside Canada	22,895	10,620	12,275	60.2	56.8	63.5
Same as province or territory of residence	22,160	10,300	11,855	58.3	55.1	61.3
Different than province or territory of residence	740	320	420	1.9	1.7	2.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	375	180	200	1.0	1.0	1.0
Americas	75	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
United States of America	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	205	110	100	0.5	0.6	0.5
Belgium	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	145	80	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	65,425	32,270	33,155	...	...	...
In the labour force	35,195	17,800	17,395	...	...	...
Employed	31,240	15,510	15,735	...	...	...
Unemployed	3,955	2,290	1,665	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	30,230	14,470	15,760	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.8	55.2	52.5	53.8	55.2	52.5
Employment rate	47.7	48.1	47.5	47.7	48.1	47.5
Unemployment rate	11.2	12.9	9.6	11.2	12.9	9.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	65,430	32,270	33,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	27,740	12,910	14,835	42.4	40.0	44.7
Worked	37,690	19,365	18,325	57.6	60.0	55.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	15,945	7,385	8,560	24.4	22.9	25.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	21,740	11,975	9,760	33.2	37.1	29.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.2	34.5	38.0	36.2	34.5	38.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	35,200	17,800	17,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	795	385	410	2.3	2.2	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	34,400	17,410	16,990	97.7	97.8	97.6
Employee	30,875	15,265	15,615	87.7	85.8	89.7
Permanent position	20,485	9,320	11,165	58.2	52.4	64.2
Temporary position	10,390	5,940	4,450	29.5	33.4	25.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,780	715	1,065	5.1	4.0	6.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	8,610	5,225	3,385	24.5	29.4	19.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,525	2,150	1,375	10.0	12.1	7.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	35,200	17,800	17,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	795	385	410	2.3	2.2	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	34,400	17,410	16,990	97.7	97.8	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	485	340	140	1.4	1.9	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,085	975	3,105	11.6	5.5	17.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,310	1,025	285	3.7	5.8	1.6
3 Health occupations	3,490	560	2,935	9.9	3.1	16.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,780	1,195	3,585	13.6	6.7	20.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	690	330	360	2.0	1.9	2.1
6 Sales and service occupations	8,980	3,710	5,275	25.5	20.8	30.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,900	5,525	370	16.8	31.0	2.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,390	2,080	305	6.8	11.7	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,295	1,675	625	6.5	9.4	3.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	35,200	17,800	17,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	795	385	410	2.3	2.2	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	34,400	17,410	16,990	97.7	97.8	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,865	2,375	485	8.1	13.3	2.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	355	340	10	1.0	1.9	0.1
22 Utilities	280	230	60	0.8	1.3	0.3
23 Construction	2,240	2,050	190	6.4	11.5	1.1
31-33 Manufacturing	3,345	2,375	975	9.5	13.3	5.6
41 Wholesale trade	405	315	90	1.2	1.8	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	4,350	2,045	2,300	12.4	11.5	13.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,350	985	365	3.8	5.5	2.1
51 Information and cultural industries	265	185	85	0.8	1.0	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	675	135	545	1.9	0.8	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	250	150	100	0.7	0.8	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,175	575	600	3.3	3.2	3.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	840	495	345	2.4	2.8	2.0
61 Educational services	2,605	740	1,865	7.4	4.2	10.7
62 Health care and social assistance	6,410	1,180	5,235	18.2	6.6	30.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	670	400	275	1.9	2.2	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	2,085	770	1,315	5.9	4.3	7.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,845	850	995	5.2	4.8	5.7
91 Public administration	2,385	1,220	1,160	6.8	6.9	6.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	39,845	20,460	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,700	1,005	690	4.3	4.9	3.6
French	32,960	16,955	16,005	82.7	82.9	82.6
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	5,155	2,480	2,670	12.9	12.1	13.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	39,845	20,460	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	39,240	20,175	19,065	98.5	98.6	98.3
Official languages	39,240	20,175	19,065	98.5	98.6	98.3
English	2,240	1,260	985	5.6	6.2	5.1
French	36,995	18,915	18,080	92.8	92.4	93.3
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	605	290	320	1.5	1.4	1.7
English and French	605	290	320	1.5	1.4	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	39,845	20,460	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	35,265	18,250	17,015	88.5	89.2	87.8
English	4,005	1,945	2,060	10.1	9.5	10.6
French	545	250	290	1.4	1.2	1.5
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	31,240	15,510	15,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,625	1,535	2,085	11.6	9.9	13.3
Worked outside Canada	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No fixed workplace address	4,355	3,395	965	13.9	21.9	6.1
Usual place of work	23,230	10,560	12,670	74.4	68.1	80.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	23,235	10,560	12,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,040	7,105	8,935	69.0	67.3	70.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,640	2,110	2,530	20.0	20.0	20.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,510	1,315	1,195	10.8	12.5	9.4
Commute to a different province or territory	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	27,590	13,955	13,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	25,630	12,955	12,675	92.9	92.8	93.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	24,435	12,380	12,060	88.6	88.7	88.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,195	575	620	4.3	4.1	4.5
Public transit	195	120	75	0.7	0.9	0.6
Walked	1,125	470	660	4.1	3.4	4.8
Bicycle	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Other method	570	365	200	2.1	2.6	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	27,590	13,955	13,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	16,540	7,945	8,595	59.9	56.9	63.1
15 to 29 minutes	6,740	3,395	3,350	24.4	24.3	24.6
30 to 44 minutes	2,595	1,425	1,175	9.4	10.2	8.6
45 to 59 minutes	745	425	320	2.7	3.0	2.3
60 minutes and over	970	770	200	3.5	5.5	1.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	27,590	13,955	13,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,745	1,225	520	6.3	8.8	3.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,060	2,760	1,305	14.7	19.8	9.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,640	4,555	5,090	34.9	32.6	37.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,080	2,190	3,890	22.0	15.7	28.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,705	475	1,230	6.2	3.4	9.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,350	2,745	1,605	15.8	19.7	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	11,230	5,760	5,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,590	800	790	14.2	13.9	14.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,635	4,960	4,675	85.8	86.1	85.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,265	4,230	4,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,160	590	570	14.0	13.9	14.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	895	450	445	10.8	10.6	11.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	270	145	120	3.3	3.4	3.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,105	3,640	3,460	86.0	86.1	85.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table