Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	GanderMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,414	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,234	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,293	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,745	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,412.67	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,415	6,520	6,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,025	1,050	970	15.1	16.1	14.1
0 to 4 years	565	285	280	4.2	4.4	4.1
5 to 9 years	675	355	325	5.0	5.4	4.7
10 to 14 years	780	410	370	5.8	6.3	5.4
15 to 64 years	8,525	4,195	4,330	63.5	64.3	62.8
15 to 19 years	800	450	345	6.0	6.9	5.0
20 to 24 years	670	335	335	5.0	5.1	4.9
25 to 29 years	645	325	325	4.8	5.0	4.7
30 to 34 years	780	385	395	5.8	5.9	5.7
35 to 39 years	835	390	445	6.2	6.0	6.5
40 to 44 years	800	375	425	6.0	5.8	6.2
45 to 49 years	980	455	525	7.3	7.0	7.6
50 to 54 years	1,070	510	560	8.0	7.8	8.1
55 to 59 years	980	490	495	7.3	7.5	7.2
60 to 64 years	960	475	490	7.2	7.3	7.1
65 years and over	2,865	1,275	1,590	21.4	19.6	23.1
65 to 69 years	805	385	415	6.0	5.9	6.0
70 to 74 years	775	365	410	5.8	5.6	5.9
75 to 79 years	505	215	285	3.8	3.3	4.1
80 to 84 years	405	150	255	3.0	2.3	3.7
85 years and over	380	155	225	2.8	2.4	3.3
85 to 89 years	245	110	130	1.8	1.7	1.9
90 to 94 years	110	35	75	0.8	0.5	1.1
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	16.1	14.1	15.1	16.1	14.1
15 to 64 years	63.5	64.3	62.8	63.5	64.3	62.8
65 years and over	21.4	19.6	23.1	21.4	19.6	23.1
85 years and over	2.8	2.4	3.3	2.8	2.4	3.3
Average age of the population	44.0	42.6	45.3	44.0	42.6	45.3
Median age of the population	45.6	44.4	47.2	45.6	44.4	47.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,955	...	...	68.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	355	...	...	6.2	...	...
Row house	285	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	480	...	...	8.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	595	...	...	10.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,530	...	...	26.6	...	...
2 persons	2,345	...	...	40.8	...	...
3 persons	925	...	...	16.1	...	...
4 persons	695	...	...	12.1	...	...
5 or more persons	245	...	...	4.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,080	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,395	5,470	5,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,095	3,550	3,545	62.3	64.9	59.9
Married	5,745	2,870	2,875	50.4	52.5	48.6
Living common-law	1,355	685	675	11.9	12.5	11.4
Living common law - Never married	980	505	475	8.6	9.2	8.0
Living common law - Separated	50	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	285	135	150	2.5	2.5	2.5
Living common law - Widowed	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	4,295	1,920	2,380	37.7	35.1	40.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,610	1,410	1,200	22.9	25.8	20.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	245	100	150	2.2	1.8	2.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	610	245	365	5.4	4.5	6.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	830	160	670	7.3	2.9	11.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,340	...	...	57.3	...	...
3 persons	895	...	...	21.9	...	...
4 persons	660	...	...	16.2	...	...
5 or more persons	190	...	...	4.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,485	...	...	85.3	...	...
Married couples	2,810	...	...	68.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,205	...	...	29.5	...	...
Without children	1,605	...	...	39.3	...	...
Common-law couples	675	...	...	16.5	...	...
With children⁶	315	...	...	7.7	...	...
Without children	360	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	600	...	...	14.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	460	...	...	11.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	135	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,080	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,995	5,495	5,500	84.1	85.6	82.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,970	3,490	3,480	53.3	54.4	52.3
Parents in one-parent families	595	140	460	4.5	2.2	6.9
Children⁶	3,420	1,865	1,560	26.1	29.0	23.4
In a two-parent family	2,540	1,380	1,165	19.4	21.5	17.5
In a one-parent family	880	490	395	6.7	7.6	5.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,085	925	1,155	15.9	14.4	17.4
Living alone	1,525	635	890	11.7	9.9	13.4
Living with other relatives⁷	185	75	115	1.4	1.2	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	370	215	155	2.8	3.3	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,845	...	...	66.9	...	...
Couple-family households	3,330	...	...	58.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,440	...	...	25.1	...	...
Without children	1,890	...	...	32.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	510	...	...	8.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	85	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	95	...	...	1.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	180	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	1,530	...	...	26.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,055	5,370	5,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,695	5,175	5,520	96.7	96.4	97.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,600	34,400	40,000	47,600	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,700	5,180	5,520	96.8	96.5	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	41,600	31,000	35,600	41,600	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,200	4,595	4,605	83.2	85.6	81.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	42,800	27,600	34,000	42,800	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,590	3,890	3,695	68.7	72.4	65.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	42,400	28,800	34,000	42,400	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,425	3,690	4,735	76.2	68.7	83.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,100	14,400	12,100	13,100	14,400	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,075	1,095	980	18.8	20.4	17.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	8,500	6,000	6,850	8,500	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,710	1,285	1,420	24.5	23.9	25.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,065	5,365	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,720	5,175	5,545	96.9	96.5	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,850	61,350	43,000	51,850	61,350	43,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,730	5,175	5,550	97.0	96.5	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,440	48,920	36,400	42,440	48,920	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,195	4,495	4,700	83.1	83.8	82.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,320	59,350	37,760	48,320	59,350	37,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,595	3,830	3,770	68.6	71.4	66.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,160	57,500	38,640	48,160	57,500	38,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,550	3,695	4,850	77.3	68.9	85.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,020	13,640	12,570	13,020	13,640	12,570
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,115	1,070	1,045	19.1	19.9	18.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,410	10,320	8,480	9,410	10,320	8,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,830	1,275	1,555	25.6	23.8	27.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,530	8,800	8,320	8,530	8,800	8,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,065	5,370	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,510	1,830	1,680	31.7	34.1	29.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	71,000	52,400	63,600	71,000	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,100	88,600	62,550	76,100	88,600	62,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,095	1,475	1,620	28.0	27.5	28.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,500	19,400	14,300	15,500	19,400	14,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,760	34,320	21,760	27,760	34,320	21,760
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	84.2	74.4	80.0	84.2	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.8	69.4	61.1	65.8	69.4	61.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.0	15.9	25.6	20.0	15.9	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.6	3.5	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.9	6.4	5.0	3.9	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	3.5	5.4	4.4	3.5	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,055	5,370	5,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	360	195	165	3.3	3.6	2.9
With total income	10,695	5,180	5,520	96.7	96.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	820	320	505	7.7	6.2	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,360	515	850	12.7	9.9	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,655	665	990	15.5	12.8	17.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,495	625	865	14.0	12.1	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,275	585	690	11.9	11.3	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	930	480	455	8.7	9.3	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	715	430	285	6.7	8.3	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	560	360	205	5.2	6.9	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	420	255	170	3.9	4.9	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	395	205	190	3.7	4.0	3.4
$100,000 and over	1,060	730	330	9.9	14.1	6.0
$100,000 to $149,999	675	440	240	6.3	8.5	4.3
$150,000 and over	385	295	90	3.6	5.7	1.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,055	5,370	5,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	350	190	165	3.2	3.5	2.9
With after-tax income	10,700	5,175	5,525	96.8	96.4	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	885	325	555	8.3	6.3	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,425	545	885	13.3	10.5	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,020	810	1,205	18.9	15.7	21.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,740	795	945	16.3	15.4	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,425	705	715	13.3	13.6	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	980	585	390	9.2	11.3	7.1
$60,000 to $69,999	675	410	260	6.3	7.9	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	550	300	250	5.1	5.8	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	330	185	145	3.1	3.6	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	175	130	50	1.6	2.5	0.9
$100,000 and over	495	375	120	4.6	7.2	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	220	160	55	2.1	3.1	1.0
$125,000 and over	280	215	60	2.6	4.2	1.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,055	5,370	5,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,465	1,480	1,990	31.3	27.6	35.0
With employment income	7,585	3,890	3,700	68.6	72.4	65.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,165	535	625	15.4	13.8	16.9
$5,000 to $9,999	615	270	340	8.1	6.9	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	880	395	485	11.6	10.2	13.1
$20,000 to $29,999	805	360	450	10.6	9.3	12.2
$30,000 to $39,999	675	300	375	8.9	7.7	10.1
$40,000 to $49,999	620	300	325	8.2	7.7	8.8
$50,000 to $59,999	515	275	240	6.8	7.1	6.5
$60,000 to $69,999	445	275	165	5.9	7.1	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	405	280	125	5.3	7.2	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	330	185	145	4.4	4.8	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	300	135	165	4.0	3.5	4.5
$100,000 and over	835	585	255	11.0	15.0	6.9
$100,000 to $124,999	380	225	150	5.0	5.8	4.1
$125,000 and over	455	360	100	6.0	9.3	2.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,055	5,370	5,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,500	5,065	5,435	95.0	94.3	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	47,600	31,800	38,800	47,600	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,520	5,065	5,455	95.2	94.3	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,600	28,600	34,400	41,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,135	4,560	4,570	82.6	84.9	80.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	44,400	28,200	35,200	44,400	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,690	3,950	3,745	69.6	73.6	65.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	44,000	29,200	35,600	44,000	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,530	3,200	4,330	68.1	59.6	76.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,100	11,900	9,000	10,100	11,900	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,910	1,010	900	17.3	18.8	15.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,500	7,150	8,000	9,500	7,150
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,065	5,365	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,485	5,035	5,445	94.8	93.8	95.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,500	62,700	41,080	51,500	62,700	41,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,490	5,035	5,450	94.8	93.8	95.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,400	48,760	34,560	41,400	48,760	34,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,065	4,500	4,565	81.9	83.9	80.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	62,200	39,560	50,800	62,200	39,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,600	3,865	3,735	68.7	72.0	65.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,160	62,100	39,880	51,160	62,100	39,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,565	3,200	4,360	68.4	59.6	76.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,450	11,200	9,900	10,450	11,200	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,855	970	890	16.8	18.1	15.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,650	10,620	8,600	9,650	10,620	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,065	5,370	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,480	1,840	1,640	31.5	34.3	28.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	69,500	50,000	60,800	69,500	50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,300	87,800	61,300	75,300	87,800	61,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,865	1,375	1,490	25.9	25.6	26.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	26,200	19,000	21,600	26,200	19,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,920	47,720	27,000	36,920	47,720	27,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.4	88.6	80.6	85.4	88.6	80.6
Employment income (%)	72.0	76.0	66.6	72.0	76.0	66.6
Government transfers (%)	14.6	11.3	19.3	14.6	11.3	19.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.3	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,745	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,220	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,745	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,700	...	...	96,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	79,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,525	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,500	...	...	51,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,360	...	...	42,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,100	...	...	113,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,600	...	...	92,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	250	...	...	4.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	305	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	240	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	3.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	410	...	...	7.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	410	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	350	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	335	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,120	...	...	36.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	670	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	465	...	...	8.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	525	...	...	9.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	455	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	245	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	300	...	...	5.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	275	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	540	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	515	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	475	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	410	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	335	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,550	...	...	27.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	650	...	...	11.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	395	...	...	6.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	510	...	...	8.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,075	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,900	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	570	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	50,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,900	855	1,045	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	38,800	33,600	35,600	38,800	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,800	31,000	32,800	34,800	31,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,900	...	...	113,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...	94,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,700	...	...	78,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,540	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,200	...	...	156,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	570	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,925	910	1,015	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,440	52,400	44,800	48,440	52,400	44,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,240	42,800	38,000	40,240	42,800	38,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,075	6,425	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,495	1,320	1,175	19.1	20.5	17.7
0 to 5 years	705	355	350	5.4	5.5	5.3
18 to 64 years	8,050	3,925	4,125	61.6	61.1	62.0
65 years and over	2,530	1,175	1,355	19.3	18.3	20.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,575	690	890	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	335	175	155	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	120	65	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	795	335	460	...	...	...
65 years and over	450	175	270	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.1	10.7	13.4	12.1	10.7	13.4
0 to 17 years (%)	13.3	13.4	13.2	13.3	13.4	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	16.8	18.0	15.6	16.8	18.0	15.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	8.5	11.2	9.9	8.5	11.2
65 years and over (%)	17.7	15.0	20.0	17.7	15.0	20.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,080	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,495	1,320	1,175	19.1	20.6	17.7
0 to 5 years	705	360	350	5.4	5.6	5.3
18 to 64 years	8,050	3,925	4,130	61.5	61.1	62.1
65 years and over	2,535	1,175	1,355	19.4	18.3	20.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	380	190	190	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	55	35	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	305	155	155	...	...	...
65 years and over	15	10	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.4	2.2	2.2	2.4	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.5	2.0	2.4	2.5	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.8
65 years and over (%)	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,080	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,960	3,290	3,675	53.2	51.2	55.2
In bottom decile	1,265	565	700	9.7	8.8	10.5
In second decile	1,580	710	870	12.1	11.1	13.1
In third decile	1,450	695	760	11.1	10.8	11.4
In fourth decile	1,310	635	670	10.0	9.9	10.1
In fifth decile	1,360	690	665	10.4	10.7	10.0
In top half of the distribution	6,110	3,130	2,985	46.7	48.8	44.9
In sixth decile	1,305	680	625	10.0	10.6	9.4
In seventh decile	1,365	685	675	10.4	10.7	10.1
In eighth decile	1,280	635	645	9.8	9.9	9.7
In ninth decile	1,140	590	550	8.7	9.2	8.3
In top decile	1,030	540	490	7.9	8.4	7.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,080	...	...	13,080	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.331	...	...	0.331	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.457	...	...	0.457	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,300	6,490	6,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	12,390	6,055	6,335	93.2	93.3	93.0
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	895	420	470	6.7	6.5	6.9
Neither English nor French	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,300	6,490	6,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,210	6,435	6,775	99.3	99.2	99.5
French	65	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and French	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,300	6,490	6,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,220	6,450	6,765	99.4	99.4	99.3
Official languages	12,955	6,305	6,645	97.4	97.1	97.6
English	12,890	6,265	6,620	96.9	96.5	97.2
French	65	45	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Non-official languages	260	145	120	2.0	2.2	1.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	260	140	120	2.0	2.2	1.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	110	65	45	0.8	1.0	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	35	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	85	40	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,300	6,490	6,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,920	6,280	6,640	97.1	96.8	97.5
French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	65	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and French	80	45	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	195	100	95	1.5	1.5	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,300	6,490	6,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,235	6,460	6,775	99.5	99.5	99.5
Official languages	13,095	6,380	6,715	98.5	98.3	98.6
English	13,070	6,365	6,710	98.3	98.1	98.5
French	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Non-official languages	135	80	55	1.0	1.2	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	135	80	55	1.0	1.2	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	30	25	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	70	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,300	6,490	6,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,070	6,360	6,705	98.3	98.0	98.5
English	60	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
French	60	35	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Non-official language	85	45	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	45	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,075	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	13,075	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,060	6,415	6,645	99.9	99.9	99.8
French	885	400	490	6.8	6.2	7.4
Non-official languages	350	180	165	2.7	2.8	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	345	180	165	2.6	2.8	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	30	60	0.7	0.5	0.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	30	60	0.7	0.5	0.9
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	30	60	0.7	0.5	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	160	95	65	1.2	1.5	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	30	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	20	0.5	0.5	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,075	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,185	600	585	9.1	9.3	8.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,110	570	540	8.5	8.9	8.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	850	445	405	6.5	6.9	6.1
Métis	210	115	100	1.6	1.8	1.5
Inuk (Inuit)	45	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	75	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-Indigenous identity	11,890	5,825	6,070	90.9	90.7	91.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,075	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	785	395	390	6.0	6.2	5.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,290	6,030	6,260	94.0	93.9	94.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,795	...	...	66.1	...	...
Renter	1,950	...	...	33.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	140	...	...	2.4	...	...
Not condominium	5,605	...	...	97.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	330	...	...	5.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,425	...	...	24.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,305	...	...	40.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,685	...	...	29.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,040	...	...	18.1	...	...
5 rooms	900	...	...	15.7	...	...
6 rooms	805	...	...	14.0	...	...
7 rooms	735	...	...	12.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,270	...	...	39.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,705	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,655	...	...	98.4	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,015	...	...	17.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,960	...	...	34.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	615	...	...	10.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	560	...	...	9.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	240	...	...	4.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	460	...	...	8.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	560	...	...	9.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	330	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,460	...	...	95.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	285	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,825	...	...	49.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,830	...	...	49.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	95	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	180	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	750	...	...	13.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	890	...	...	15.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,200	...	...	20.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,120	...	...	19.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	955	...	...	16.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	485	...	...	8.4	...	...
85 years and over	160	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,730	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,730	...	...	82.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,000	...	...	17.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	945	...	...	16.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,270	...	...	22.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	900	...	...	15.7	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	190	...	...	3.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,475	...	...	77.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,680	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	355	...	...	6.3	...	...
Not in core need	5,325	...	...	93.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,795	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.1	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.1	...	...	9.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,236	...	...	1,236	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	268,800	...	...	268,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,955	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	17.1	...	...	17.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.7	...	...	33.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.2	...	...	14.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	965	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,080	6,425	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	725	335	390	5.5	5.2	5.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	720	335	380	5.5	5.2	5.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	585	275	305	4.5	4.3	4.6
Métis single ancestry	110	55	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
Inuit single ancestry	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	720	385	335	5.5	6.0	5.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	710	375	335	5.4	5.8	5.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	530	300	230	4.1	4.7	3.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	115	40	70	0.9	0.6	1.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,630	5,695	5,930	88.9	88.6	89.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,080	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	12,835	6,280	6,560	98.1	97.8	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,510	1,340	1,170	19.2	20.9	17.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,325	4,935	5,390	78.9	76.9	81.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	240	145	95	1.8	2.3	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,080	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	12,695	6,205	6,490	97.1	96.7	97.5
Immigrants⁸¹	300	165	140	2.3	2.6	2.1
Before 1980	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
1991 to 2000	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
2001 to 2010	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	190	115	75	1.5	1.8	1.1
2011 to 2015	65	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
2016 to 2021	130	75	55	1.0	1.2	0.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80	50	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	300	165	140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	50	20	35	16.7	12.1	25.0
5 to 14 years	25	15	15	8.3	9.1	10.7
15 to 24 years	55	30	25	18.3	18.2	17.9
25 to 44 years	125	80	50	41.7	48.5	35.7
45 years and over	40	25	15	13.3	15.2	10.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	300	165	140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	15	15	8.3	9.1	10.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	15	10	8.3	9.1	7.1
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	45	25	23.3	27.3	17.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	25	20	15.0	15.2	14.3
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	0	6.7	9.1	0.0
Africa	55	40	15	18.3	24.2	10.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	20	0	8.3	12.1	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	15	0	5.0	9.1	0.0
Asia	145	70	80	48.3	42.4	57.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	25	10	20	8.3	6.1	14.3
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	10.0	6.1	14.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	0	5.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	20	10.0	9.1	14.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	130	80	50	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	25	0	23.1	31.3	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	20	10	23.1	25.0	20.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	30	30	46.2	37.5	60.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	0	11.5	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	0	0	7.7	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	15	15	19.2	18.8	30.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,075	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	415	235	170	3.2	3.7	2.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	460	235	225	3.5	3.7	3.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,205	5,945	6,260	93.3	92.6	94.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	270	160	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	155	100	55	57.4	62.5	50.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	55	10	24.1	34.4	9.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	90	40	45	33.3	25.0	40.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	75	40	35	27.8	25.0	31.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	25	15	14.8	15.6	13.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	270	160	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	40	30	25.9	25.0	27.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	3.7	6.3	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	20	0	11.1	12.5	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	155	80	80	57.4	50.0	72.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,075	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	320	175	140	2.4	2.7	2.1
South Asian	85	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Chinese	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Black	70	45	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Filipino	50	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
Arab	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latin American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	12,760	6,245	6,515	97.6	97.3	97.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,075	6,420	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,030	1,465	1,565	23.2	22.8	23.5
English	4,835	2,340	2,495	37.0	36.4	37.5
Irish	2,580	1,205	1,380	19.7	18.8	20.7
Scottish	795	390	410	6.1	6.1	6.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	395	185	205	3.0	2.9	3.1
German	270	160	115	2.1	2.5	1.7
Chinese	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
Indian (India)	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Québécois	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	645	355	295	4.9	5.5	4.4
Filipino	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
French Canadian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	845	415	430	6.5	6.5	6.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	315	165	150	2.4	2.6	2.3
Métis	245	110	135	1.9	1.7	2.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	320	165	155	2.4	2.6	2.3
Russian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Norwegian	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Welsh	110	60	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Spanish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Punjabi	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Greek	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Danish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	465	270	200	3.6	4.2	3.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	45	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	985	480	505	7.5	7.5	7.6
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	95	40	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	275	125	150	2.1	1.9	2.3
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,075	6,425	6,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Christian	10,165	4,865	5,305	77.7	75.7	79.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	775	375	405	5.9	5.8	6.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	2,805	1,300	1,510	21.5	20.2	22.7
Baptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catholic	2,145	950	1,190	16.4	14.8	17.9
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	1,200	610	590	9.2	9.5	8.9
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,230	625	605	9.4	9.7	9.1
Presbyterian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	1,870	950	920	14.3	14.8	13.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
Hindu	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	110	55	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
Sikh	15	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	2,725	1,445	1,275	20.8	22.5	19.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,955	6,370	6,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,550	5,680	5,860	89.2	89.2	88.9
Movers	1,405	685	725	10.8	10.8	11.0
Non-migrants	800	380	420	6.2	6.0	6.4
Migrants	610	305	300	4.7	4.8	4.6
Internal migrants	585	300	290	4.5	4.7	4.4
Intraprovincial migrants	325	165	160	2.5	2.6	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	260	130	125	2.0	2.0	1.9
External migrants	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	12,510	6,160	6,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,250	4,055	4,195	65.9	65.8	66.1
Movers	4,265	2,110	2,155	34.1	34.3	33.9
Non-migrants	1,870	920	945	14.9	14.9	14.9
Migrants	2,395	1,190	1,215	19.1	19.3	19.1
Internal migrants	2,220	1,075	1,140	17.7	17.5	18.0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,475	720	760	11.8	11.7	12.0
Interprovincial migrants	740	360	385	5.9	5.8	6.1
External migrants	180	105	70	1.4	1.7	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,065	5,370	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,935	965	970	17.5	18.0	17.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,125	4,405	4,725	82.5	82.0	83.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,065	3,450	3,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	740	380	355	10.5	11.0	9.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,320	3,070	3,250	89.5	89.0	90.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,065	5,365	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,825	885	940	16.5	16.5	16.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,055	1,470	1,590	27.6	27.4	27.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,180	3,015	3,165	55.9	56.2	55.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,555	2,325	2,230	41.2	43.3	39.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,120	775	345	10.1	14.4	6.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	635	370	265	5.7	6.9	4.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	490	410	80	4.4	7.6	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,225	1,470	1,750	29.1	27.4	30.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	70	140	1.9	1.3	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,625	690	935	14.7	12.9	16.4
Bachelor's degree	1,035	425	610	9.4	7.9	10.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	40	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	75	35	1.0	1.4	0.6
Master's degree	370	130	240	3.3	2.4	4.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,060	3,455	3,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	670	320	345	9.5	9.3	9.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,665	880	785	23.6	25.5	21.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,730	2,250	2,475	67.0	65.1	68.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,375	1,700	1,675	47.8	49.2	46.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	805	580	225	11.4	16.8	6.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	435	265	170	6.2	7.7	4.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	370	315	60	5.2	9.1	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,445	1,080	1,370	34.6	31.3	38.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	45	80	1.8	1.3	2.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,355	555	800	19.2	16.1	22.2
Bachelor's degree	835	340	500	11.8	9.8	13.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	30	45	1.1	0.9	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	70	30	1.4	2.0	0.8
Master's degree	320	100	215	4.5	2.9	6.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,060	5,365	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,885	2,350	2,530	44.2	43.8	44.4
Education	460	130	335	4.2	2.4	5.9
13. Education	460	130	335	4.2	2.4	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	35	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	45	0.5	0.4	0.8
Humanities	135	70	65	1.2	1.3	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	305	105	195	2.8	2.0	3.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	10	70	0.6	0.2	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
45. Social sciences	100	40	60	0.9	0.7	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,405	330	1,075	12.7	6.2	18.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	15	55	0.6	0.3	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,335	315	1,020	12.1	5.9	17.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	60	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	105	75	1.5	2.0	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	85	45	1.2	1.6	0.8
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,460	1,370	85	13.2	25.5	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	65	55	15	0.6	1.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	375	340	35	3.4	6.3	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	385	380	0	3.5	7.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	490	455	35	4.4	8.5	0.6
48. Precision production	140	140	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	70	55	1.1	1.3	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	0	45	0.5	0.0	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	65	10	0.7	1.2	0.2
Health and related fields	1,145	230	915	10.4	4.3	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	35	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,025	165	865	9.3	3.1	15.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	35	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	735	500	235	6.6	9.3	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	300	90	205	2.7	1.7	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	370	350	20	3.3	6.5	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,060	3,450	3,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,335	1,195	1,135	33.1	34.6	31.4
Education	330	60	265	4.7	1.7	7.3
13. Education	330	60	265	4.7	1.7	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	25	35	0.8	0.7	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	0.8	0.6	1.0
Humanities	85	50	35	1.2	1.4	1.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
54. History	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250	75	170	3.5	2.2	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	10	50	0.8	0.3	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.8
45. Social sciences	85	35	50	1.2	1.0	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,025	210	815	14.5	6.1	22.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	50	0.9	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	960	195	765	13.6	5.7	21.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	60	60	1.7	1.7	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	25	0.6	0.7	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	15	0.6	0.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	95	65	2.2	2.8	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	80	45	1.8	2.3	1.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,110	1,030	75	15.7	29.9	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	55	40	10	0.8	1.2	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	290	265	35	4.1	7.7	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	300	295	0	4.2	8.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	360	335	25	5.1	9.7	0.7
48. Precision production	100	100	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	65	40	1.6	1.9	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	0	35	0.6	0.0	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	60	10	1.0	1.7	0.3
Health and related fields	915	195	715	13.0	5.7	19.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	35	15	0.6	1.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	815	140	675	11.5	4.1	18.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
Personal, protective and transportation services	575	390	190	8.1	11.3	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	240	65	170	3.4	1.9	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	35	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	280	265	15	4.0	7.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,060	3,450	3,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,335	1,195	1,135	33.1	34.6	31.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,725	2,255	2,475	66.9	65.4	68.6
Location of study inside Canada	4,570	2,170	2,405	64.7	62.9	66.6
Same as province or territory of residence	3,675	1,740	1,940	52.1	50.4	53.7
Different than province or territory of residence	900	435	465	12.7	12.6	12.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	155	85	75	2.2	2.5	2.1
Americas	40	25	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
United States of America	40	25	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	25	35	0.8	0.7	1.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,065	5,365	5,695	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,645	3,265	3,380	...	...	...
Employed	5,635	2,715	2,920	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,015	550	460	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,420	2,100	2,310	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.1	60.9	59.4	60.1	60.9	59.4
Employment rate	50.9	50.6	51.3	50.9	50.6	51.3
Unemployment rate	15.3	16.8	13.6	15.3	16.8	13.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,060	5,365	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,265	1,945	2,320	38.6	36.3	40.7
Worked	6,795	3,425	3,375	61.4	63.8	59.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,575	1,865	1,715	32.3	34.8	30.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,220	1,555	1,660	29.1	29.0	29.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.9	39.6	40.3	39.9	39.6	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,650	3,265	3,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	3.2	3.2	3.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,435	3,160	3,270	96.8	96.8	96.6
Employee	6,000	2,905	3,095	90.2	89.0	91.4
Permanent position	4,740	2,250	2,495	71.3	68.9	73.7
Temporary position	1,260	655	605	18.9	20.1	17.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	270	120	145	4.1	3.7	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	990	530	460	14.9	16.2	13.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	435	260	175	6.5	8.0	5.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,650	3,265	3,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	3.2	3.2	3.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,435	3,160	3,270	96.8	96.8	96.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	65	60	10	1.0	1.8	0.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	785	205	575	11.8	6.3	17.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	350	315	40	5.3	9.6	1.2
3 Health occupations	785	170	615	11.8	5.2	18.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	895	295	605	13.5	9.0	17.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	30	65	1.4	0.9	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,000	790	1,205	30.1	24.2	35.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,305	1,170	135	19.6	35.8	4.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	70	0	1.1	2.1	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85	60	20	1.3	1.8	0.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,650	3,265	3,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	3.2	3.2	3.2
All industries¹⁹¹	6,435	3,160	3,270	96.8	96.8	96.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	35	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	145	20	2.5	4.4	0.6
22 Utilities	30	30	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	300	260	45	4.5	8.0	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	140	105	40	2.1	3.2	1.2
41 Wholesale trade	65	45	20	1.0	1.4	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,120	500	620	16.8	15.3	18.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	715	540	180	10.8	16.5	5.3
51 Information and cultural industries	75	50	20	1.1	1.5	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	95	20	70	1.4	0.6	2.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	35	25	0.9	1.1	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	210	110	95	3.2	3.4	2.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	205	140	65	3.1	4.3	1.9
61 Educational services	395	110	285	5.9	3.4	8.4
62 Health care and social assistance	1,310	290	1,020	19.7	8.9	30.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	115	50	60	1.7	1.5	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	550	180	370	8.3	5.5	10.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	215	105	110	3.2	3.2	3.2
91 Public administration	635	415	220	9.5	12.7	6.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,155	3,590	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,050	3,560	3,490	98.5	99.2	97.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	90	20	70	1.3	0.6	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,155	3,590	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,150	3,590	3,560	99.9	100.0	99.7
Official languages	7,140	3,585	3,560	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	7,125	3,585	3,540	99.6	99.9	99.2
French	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,155	3,590	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,065	3,560	3,505	98.7	99.2	98.2
English	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
French	65	20	50	0.9	0.6	1.4
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,635	2,715	2,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	370	140	225	6.6	5.2	7.7
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	610	440	170	10.8	16.2	5.8
Usual place of work	4,645	2,120	2,525	82.4	78.1	86.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,645	2,120	2,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,950	1,790	2,160	85.0	84.4	85.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	365	120	250	7.9	5.7	9.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	280	165	110	6.0	7.8	4.4
Commute to a different province or territory	50	50	0	1.1	2.4	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,255	2,565	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,895	2,370	2,520	93.1	92.4	93.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,400	2,185	2,215	83.7	85.2	82.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	485	185	305	9.2	7.2	11.3
Public transit	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Walked	195	70	120	3.7	2.7	4.5
Bicycle	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other method	150	110	45	2.9	4.3	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,255	2,565	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,235	2,010	2,225	80.6	78.4	82.7
15 to 29 minutes	585	240	340	11.1	9.4	12.6
30 to 44 minutes	150	110	45	2.9	4.3	1.7
45 to 59 minutes	75	40	35	1.4	1.6	1.3
60 minutes and over	215	165	50	4.1	6.4	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,255	2,565	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155	115	35	2.9	4.5	1.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	470	325	140	8.9	12.7	5.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,690	895	800	32.2	34.9	29.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,590	640	950	30.3	25.0	35.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	575	185	390	10.9	7.2	14.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	775	395	375	14.7	15.4	13.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,550	1,350	1,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	50	40	3.9	3.7	3.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,455	1,295	1,155	96.3	95.9	96.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,940	1,040	900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	45	35	4.4	4.3	3.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	20	15	1.5	1.9	1.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	25	25	2.6	2.4	2.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,860	995	860	95.9	95.7	95.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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