Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	DrummondvilleMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	72,089	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	68,634^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	34,938	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	33,834	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,378.3	...	...	1,378.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	52.30	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	72,085	35,420	36,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11,080	5,665	5,415	15.4	16.0	14.8
0 to 4 years	3,450	1,745	1,705	4.8	4.9	4.7
5 to 9 years	3,705	1,890	1,810	5.1	5.3	4.9
10 to 14 years	3,925	2,025	1,895	5.4	5.7	5.2
15 to 64 years	43,430	22,030	21,400	60.2	62.2	58.4
15 to 19 years	3,755	1,905	1,845	5.2	5.4	5.0
20 to 24 years	3,920	2,070	1,850	5.4	5.8	5.0
25 to 29 years	4,070	2,130	1,935	5.6	6.0	5.3
30 to 34 years	4,145	2,185	1,965	5.8	6.2	5.4
35 to 39 years	4,150	2,180	1,970	5.8	6.2	5.4
40 to 44 years	4,900	2,445	2,460	6.8	6.9	6.7
45 to 49 years	4,015	2,020	1,990	5.6	5.7	5.4
50 to 54 years	3,970	2,010	1,965	5.5	5.7	5.4
55 to 59 years	5,070	2,485	2,585	7.0	7.0	7.1
60 to 64 years	5,435	2,595	2,840	7.5	7.3	7.7
65 years and over	17,575	7,720	9,855	24.4	21.8	26.9
65 to 69 years	5,160	2,470	2,695	7.2	7.0	7.4
70 to 74 years	4,720	2,130	2,590	6.5	6.0	7.1
75 to 79 years	3,375	1,500	1,875	4.7	4.2	5.1
80 to 84 years	2,220	965	1,250	3.1	2.7	3.4
85 years and over	2,105	665	1,440	2.9	1.9	3.9
85 to 89 years	1,285	465	820	1.8	1.3	2.2
90 to 94 years	655	165	490	0.9	0.5	1.3
95 to 99 years	140	30	110	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	30	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.4	16.0	14.8	15.4	16.0	14.8
15 to 64 years	60.2	62.2	58.4	60.2	62.2	58.4
65 years and over	24.4	21.8	26.9	24.4	21.8	26.9
85 years and over	2.9	1.9	3.9	2.9	1.9	3.9
Average age of the population	44.4	42.9	45.9	44.4	42.9	45.9
Median age of the population	45.2	43.2	47.2	45.2	43.2	47.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	33,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	14,385	...	...	42.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,005	...	...	5.9	...	...
Row house	795	...	...	2.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,120	...	...	9.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,775	...	...	37.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	485	...	...	1.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	130	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	140	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	33,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	13,665	...	...	40.4	...	...
2 persons	11,820	...	...	34.9	...	...
3 persons	3,680	...	...	10.9	...	...
4 persons	3,105	...	...	9.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,565	...	...	4.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	69,300	34,275	35,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	61,005	29,750	31,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	32,430	16,130	16,305	53.2	54.2	52.2
Married	16,945	8,415	8,525	27.8	28.3	27.3
Living common-law	15,485	7,710	7,780	25.4	25.9	24.9
Living common law - Never married	12,270	6,085	6,190	20.1	20.5	19.8
Living common law - Separated	160	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,685	1,385	1,300	4.4	4.7	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	375	160	215	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	28,575	13,625	14,950	46.8	45.8	47.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	19,145	10,405	8,740	31.4	35.0	28.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	745	315	430	1.2	1.1	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,210	2,030	3,180	8.5	6.8	10.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,470	870	2,595	5.7	2.9	8.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	19,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	11,275	...	...	59.1	...	...
3 persons	3,465	...	...	18.2	...	...
4 persons	2,955	...	...	15.5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,370	...	...	7.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	19,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	15,715	...	...	82.4	...	...
Married couples	7,980	...	...	41.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,580	...	...	13.5	...	...
Without children	5,400	...	...	28.3	...	...
Common-law couples	7,740	...	...	40.6	...	...
With children⁶	3,805	...	...	20.0	...	...
Without children	3,935	...	...	20.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,355	...	...	17.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,435	...	...	12.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	925	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	69,300	34,275	35,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	52,135	25,780	26,360	75.2	75.2	75.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	31,435	15,680	15,755	45.4	45.7	45.0
Parents in one-parent families	3,355	920	2,430	4.8	2.7	6.9
Children⁶	17,345	9,175	8,170	25.0	26.8	23.3
In a two-parent family	12,125	6,335	5,785	17.5	18.5	16.5
In a one-parent family	5,220	2,840	2,385	7.5	8.3	6.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,165	8,495	8,670	24.8	24.8	24.8
Living alone	13,665	6,455	7,210	19.7	18.8	20.6
Living with other relatives⁷	1,045	495	545	1.5	1.4	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	2,460	1,545	915	3.5	4.5	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	33,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	18,130	...	...	53.6	...	...
Couple-family households	15,165	...	...	44.8	...	...
With children⁶	6,150	...	...	18.2	...	...
Without children	9,015	...	...	26.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,965	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	230	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	525	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,230	...	...	3.6	...	...
One-person households	13,660	...	...	40.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	58,225	28,610	29,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	57,110	28,040	29,070	98.1	98.0	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,800	33,600	37,600	42,800	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	57,115	28,040	29,075	98.1	98.0	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	30,800	34,000	37,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	49,920	25,145	24,775	85.7	87.9	83.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	36,800	24,400	30,400	36,800	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,210	20,620	18,590	67.3	72.1	62.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,600	28,600	34,400	39,600	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	49,305	23,265	26,040	84.7	81.3	87.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,200	10,400	13,500	12,200	10,400	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,780	4,055	3,725	13.4	14.2	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,080	4,960	5,280	5,080	4,960	5,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,570	8,600	7,970	28.5	30.1	26.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	58,295	28,675	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	57,185	28,170	29,015	98.1	98.2	97.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,160	50,680	39,800	45,160	50,680	39,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	57,190	28,170	29,020	98.1	98.2	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,080	41,640	34,640	38,080	41,640	34,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	49,950	25,260	24,690	85.7	88.1	83.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,960	45,680	32,120	38,960	45,680	32,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,270	20,665	18,610	67.4	72.1	62.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,880	46,160	35,000	40,880	46,160	35,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	49,255	23,330	25,925	84.5	81.4	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,900	11,730	13,960	12,900	11,730	13,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,795	4,070	3,730	13.4	14.2	12.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,120	5,630	6,660	6,120	5,630	6,660
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,555	8,530	8,030	28.4	29.7	27.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,390	7,020	7,800	7,390	7,020	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	58,300	28,675	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	18,920	10,575	8,350	32.5	36.9	28.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	55,200	47,200	50,800	55,200	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,400	65,000	52,350	59,400	65,000	52,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	16,260	7,815	8,445	27.9	27.3	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	21,200	15,800	18,200	21,200	15,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	29,320	22,140	25,600	29,320	22,140
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.4	80.8	68.6	75.4	80.8	68.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.2	66.8	56.4	62.2	66.8	56.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.6	19.2	31.4	24.6	19.2	31.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.2	1.9	1.6	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	4.9	6.7	5.7	4.9	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	4.2	5.4	4.7	4.2	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	58,225	28,610	29,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,115	575	540	1.9	2.0	1.8
With total income	57,110	28,035	29,075	98.1	98.0	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,325	1,450	1,875	5.8	5.2	6.4
$10,000 to $19,999	7,870	3,065	4,805	13.8	10.9	16.5
$20,000 to $29,999	10,995	4,750	6,240	19.3	16.9	21.5
$30,000 to $39,999	8,140	3,730	4,410	14.3	13.3	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	8,070	4,010	4,065	14.1	14.3	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,160	3,315	2,845	10.8	11.8	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	4,130	2,455	1,675	7.2	8.8	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	2,595	1,610	990	4.5	5.7	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,930	1,115	820	3.4	4.0	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,180	700	480	2.1	2.5	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,710	1,840	870	4.7	6.6	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,925	1,255	670	3.4	4.5	2.3
$150,000 and over	790	585	200	1.4	2.1	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	58,225	28,610	29,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,105	570	535	1.9	2.0	1.8
With after-tax income	57,120	28,040	29,075	98.1	98.0	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,530	1,510	2,015	6.2	5.4	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	8,245	3,265	4,980	14.4	11.6	17.1
$20,000 to $29,999	12,775	5,615	7,165	22.4	20.0	24.6
$30,000 to $39,999	10,400	5,075	5,325	18.2	18.1	18.3
$40,000 to $49,999	9,160	4,890	4,270	16.0	17.4	14.7
$50,000 to $59,999	5,575	3,240	2,335	9.8	11.6	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,155	1,820	1,335	5.5	6.5	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,760	960	800	3.1	3.4	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	900	535	360	1.6	1.9	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	515	345	170	0.9	1.2	0.6
$100,000 and over	1,105	785	315	1.9	2.8	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	575	390	180	1.0	1.4	0.6
$125,000 and over	535	395	135	0.9	1.4	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	58,225	28,610	29,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	19,015	7,995	11,025	32.7	27.9	37.2
With employment income	39,210	20,615	18,590	67.3	72.1	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,515	2,175	2,340	11.5	10.6	12.6
$5,000 to $9,999	3,230	1,380	1,845	8.2	6.7	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	5,360	2,315	3,050	13.7	11.2	16.4
$20,000 to $29,999	4,545	2,110	2,435	11.6	10.2	13.1
$30,000 to $39,999	4,785	2,430	2,355	12.2	11.8	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	4,795	2,540	2,260	12.2	12.3	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	3,445	2,130	1,320	8.8	10.3	7.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,630	1,740	885	6.7	8.4	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,695	1,080	620	4.3	5.2	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,475	840	630	3.8	4.1	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	785	500	285	2.0	2.4	1.5
$100,000 and over	1,950	1,375	580	5.0	6.7	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	985	670	315	2.5	3.3	1.7
$125,000 and over	970	710	260	2.5	3.4	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	58,225	28,610	29,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	56,420	27,665	28,755	96.9	96.7	97.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,000	30,000	34,800	40,000	30,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	56,440	27,665	28,775	96.9	96.7	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	35,200	27,800	31,200	35,200	27,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,350	24,850	24,500	84.8	86.9	82.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	38,000	25,600	31,200	38,000	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,550	20,680	18,870	67.9	72.3	63.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,000	28,800	34,400	40,000	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	45,110	20,870	24,245	77.5	72.9	81.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	7,500	10,700	9,200	7,500	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,190	3,815	3,375	12.3	13.3	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	4,200	4,240	4,200	4,200	4,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	58,295	28,675	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	56,510	27,780	28,730	96.9	96.9	97.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,040	47,560	36,720	42,040	47,560	36,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	56,535	27,785	28,750	97.0	96.9	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	39,040	31,920	35,400	39,040	31,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	49,405	24,915	24,490	84.7	86.9	82.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,440	32,080	38,800	45,440	32,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,690	20,705	18,985	68.1	72.2	64.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	45,720	34,160	40,200	45,720	34,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45,045	20,775	24,270	77.3	72.4	81.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,190	9,140	11,090	10,190	9,140	11,090
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,995	3,670	3,325	12.0	12.8	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,830	5,190	6,540	5,830	5,190	6,540
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	58,300	28,675	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	18,820	10,515	8,300	32.3	36.7	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	52,800	43,600	48,000	52,800	43,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,850	61,550	48,640	55,850	61,550	48,640
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	15,475	7,395	8,080	26.5	25.8	27.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	27,800	19,600	22,400	27,800	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,160	33,320	25,400	29,160	33,320	25,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6	85.6	74.4	80.6	85.6	74.4
Employment income (%)	67.2	71.6	61.5	67.2	71.6	61.5
Government transfers (%)	19.3	14.4	25.5	19.3	14.4	25.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.4	2.1	1.7	1.4	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	33,835	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	13,660	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	30,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	20,170	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	33,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,300	...	...	76,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,400	...	...	64,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,670	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,680	...	...	40,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,960	...	...	34,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	20,190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...	100,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	33,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	250	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	240	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	620	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,030	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,885	...	...	8.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,590	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,515	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,980	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,985	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,850	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,095	...	...	9.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,655	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,275	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,970	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,730	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,175	...	...	24.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,210	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,955	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,890	...	...	5.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,125	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	33,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	275	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	250	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	640	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,080	...	...	3.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,050	...	...	9.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,980	...	...	5.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,960	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,440	...	...	7.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,295	...	...	6.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,975	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,385	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,810	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,405	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,100	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,675	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,515	...	...	16.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,685	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,445	...	...	4.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,385	...	...	4.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	19,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	9,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	6,410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,290	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	16,125	8,005	8,120	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	36,800	29,800	32,800	36,800	29,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,000	32,800	28,000	30,000	32,800	28,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	19,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,100	...	...	101,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,700	...	...	84,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,980	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,100	...	...	90,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,200	...	...	75,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,500	...	...	111,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,305	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,800	...	...	66,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,300	...	...	59,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	16,190	7,975	8,215	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,760	42,680	36,880	39,760	42,680	36,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,240	36,120	32,400	34,240	36,120	32,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	69,300	34,275	35,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	13,275	6,810	6,465	19.2	19.9	18.5
0 to 5 years	4,160	2,115	2,045	6.0	6.2	5.8
18 to 64 years	40,645	20,435	20,210	58.7	59.6	57.7
65 years and over	15,380	7,020	8,355	22.2	20.5	23.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,460	4,650	5,810	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,575	785	785	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	540	270	270	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	4,900	2,405	2,490	...	...	...
65 years and over	3,985	1,455	2,535	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.1	13.6	16.6	15.1	13.6	16.6
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	11.6	12.1	11.8	11.6	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	13.0	12.7	13.3	13.0	12.7	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.1	11.8	12.3	12.1	11.8	12.3
65 years and over (%)	25.9	20.7	30.4	25.9	20.7	30.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	69,300	34,275	35,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	13,275	6,810	6,460	19.2	19.9	18.4
0 to 5 years	4,155	2,115	2,045	6.0	6.2	5.8
18 to 64 years	40,645	20,440	20,205	58.7	59.6	57.7
65 years and over	15,380	7,025	8,355	22.2	20.5	23.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,435	1,795	1,635	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	425	210	215	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	65	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,730	1,480	1,250	...	...	...
65 years and over	270	105	165	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.3	4.7	5.0	5.3	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.1	3.4	3.2	3.1	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4	3.1	3.7	3.4	3.1	3.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	7.3	6.2	6.7	7.3	6.2
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.5	2.0	1.8	1.5	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	69,300	34,275	35,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	45,465	22,035	23,435	65.6	64.3	66.9
In bottom decile	8,750	3,995	4,760	12.6	11.7	13.6
In second decile	9,820	4,615	5,205	14.2	13.5	14.9
In third decile	9,635	4,745	4,885	13.9	13.8	13.9
In fourth decile	9,115	4,550	4,565	13.2	13.3	13.0
In fifth decile	8,150	4,130	4,020	11.8	12.0	11.5
In top half of the distribution	23,830	12,235	11,595	34.4	35.7	33.1
In sixth decile	6,995	3,610	3,385	10.1	10.5	9.7
In seventh decile	5,940	3,045	2,895	8.6	8.9	8.3
In eighth decile	4,975	2,540	2,440	7.2	7.4	7.0
In ninth decile	3,480	1,795	1,685	5.0	5.2	4.8
In top decile	2,440	1,245	1,190	3.5	3.6	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	69,300	...	...	69,300	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.310	...	...	0.310	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.464	...	...	0.464	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.267	...	...	0.267	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	70,900	34,785	36,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	255	175	85	0.4	0.5	0.2
French only	47,990	22,095	25,900	67.7	63.5	71.7
English and French	22,355	12,350	10,005	31.5	35.5	27.7
Neither English nor French	300	165	135	0.4	0.5	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	70,900	34,785	36,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,035	560	480	1.5	1.6	1.3
French	69,035	33,755	35,280	97.4	97.0	97.7
English and French	550	315	230	0.8	0.9	0.6
Neither English nor French	280	155	130	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	70,900	34,785	36,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	69,915	34,260	35,655	98.6	98.5	98.7
Official languages	67,150	32,790	34,365	94.7	94.3	95.2
English	805	405	400	1.1	1.2	1.1
French	66,350	32,380	33,965	93.6	93.1	94.0
Non-official languages	2,760	1,470	1,290	3.9	4.2	3.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,755	1,470	1,290	3.9	4.2	3.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	675	390	290	1.0	1.1	0.8
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	660	380	285	0.9	1.1	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	660	380	285	0.9	1.1	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	130	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,380	725	655	1.9	2.1	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Croatian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,165	615	550	1.6	1.8	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	1,030	540	490	1.5	1.6	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	295	135	155	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	100	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	55	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	100	55	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	985	520	465	1.4	1.5	1.3
English and French	555	290	260	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	55	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	310	165	145	0.4	0.5	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	70,900	34,785	36,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	400	205	190	0.6	0.6	0.5
French	65,135	31,720	33,410	91.9	91.2	92.5
Non-official language	885	465	420	1.2	1.3	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	885	465	420	1.2	1.3	1.2
English and French	2,225	1,205	1,015	3.1	3.5	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	135	95	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	1,635	825	815	2.3	2.4	2.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	435	230	200	0.6	0.7	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	70,900	34,785	36,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	69,885	34,270	35,615	98.6	98.5	98.6
Official languages	68,250	33,415	34,840	96.3	96.1	96.5
English	645	330	315	0.9	0.9	0.9
French	67,605	33,080	34,525	95.4	95.1	95.6
Non-official languages	1,640	860	775	2.3	2.5	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,640	860	775	2.3	2.5	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	390	215	170	0.6	0.6	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	390	215	170	0.6	0.6	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	390	215	170	0.6	0.6	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	45	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	35	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	865	455	415	1.2	1.3	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	770	405	365	1.1	1.2	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	715	380	340	1.0	1.1	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	100	40	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	80	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	80	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,010	505	505	1.4	1.5	1.4
English and French	445	220	225	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	470	235	230	0.7	0.7	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	70,900	34,780	36,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	67,290	32,825	34,460	94.9	94.4	95.4
English	1,740	995	750	2.5	2.9	2.1
French	730	370	365	1.0	1.1	1.0
Non-official language	745	390	355	1.1	1.1	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	740	385	350	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and French	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	190	105	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	69,465	34,390	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	69,140	34,230	34,910	99.5	99.5	99.5
English	22,420	12,460	9,960	32.3	36.2	28.4
French	68,920	34,100	34,825	99.2	99.2	99.3
Non-official languages	5,085	2,560	2,525	7.3	7.4	7.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,085	2,560	2,525	7.3	7.4	7.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,105	650	455	1.6	1.9	1.3
Berber languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	1,090	635	455	1.6	1.8	1.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	1,075	625	450	1.5	1.8	1.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	55	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	100	75	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	40	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	35	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	270	155	120	0.4	0.5	0.3
Haitian Creole	190	105	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,055	1,440	1,610	4.4	4.2	4.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	200	90	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	200	90	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	140	60	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	65	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	140	65	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
German	105	50	50	0.2	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,675	1,265	1,405	3.9	3.7	4.0
Catalan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	140	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	125	65	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	2,485	1,175	1,315	3.6	3.4	3.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	375	195	170	0.5	0.6	0.5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	100	55	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	165	95	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	15	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	50	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	115	50	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	69,460	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,190	565	620	1.7	1.6	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,085	510	570	1.6	1.5	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	710	325	385	1.0	0.9	1.1
Métis	365	185	180	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	75	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	68,275	33,820	34,455	98.3	98.4	98.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	69,460	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	215	120	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	69,245	34,265	34,980	99.7	99.7	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	17,165	...	...	50.7	...	...
Renter	16,695	...	...	49.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,790	...	...	8.2	...	...
Not condominium	31,070	...	...	91.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	330	...	...	1.0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,235	...	...	15.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,955	...	...	29.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,810	...	...	34.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,530	...	...	19.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,995	...	...	35.4	...	...
5 rooms	7,375	...	...	21.8	...	...
6 rooms	3,240	...	...	9.6	...	...
7 rooms	3,605	...	...	10.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,640	...	...	22.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,650	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	205	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	33,250	...	...	98.2	...	...
Not suitable	605	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,335	...	...	18.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,715	...	...	25.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,265	...	...	12.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,940	...	...	14.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,425	...	...	7.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,355	...	...	7.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,175	...	...	6.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,655	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	32,445	...	...	95.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,415	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	20,310	...	...	60.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	13,005	...	...	38.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	545	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	33,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,495	...	...	4.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,405	...	...	13.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,665	...	...	16.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,095	...	...	15.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,570	...	...	19.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,410	...	...	18.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,365	...	...	9.9	...	...
85 years and over	845	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	33,770	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,870	...	...	85.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,905	...	...	14.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,640	...	...	13.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	33,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,570	...	...	19.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,585	...	...	13.5	...	...
Not suitable only	545	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,095	...	...	3.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	280	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	27,285	...	...	80.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	33,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,400	...	...	4.2	...	...
Not in core need	32,105	...	...	95.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,165	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.0	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.9	...	...	0.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	980	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	246,000	...	...	246,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	265,200	...	...	265,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,695	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.8	...	...	21.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	670	...	...	670	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	704	...	...	704	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	69,460	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,380	635	740	2.0	1.8	2.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,370	635	735	2.0	1.8	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,235	570	665	1.8	1.7	1.9
Métis single ancestry	120	70	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,475	775	700	2.1	2.3	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,465	770	695	2.1	2.2	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,385	735	655	2.0	2.1	1.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	66,610	32,975	33,635	95.9	95.9	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	69,460	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	67,205	33,080	34,125	96.8	96.2	97.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,905	6,585	6,320	18.6	19.2	18.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	54,300	26,495	27,800	78.2	77.1	79.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,255	1,305	950	3.2	3.8	2.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	69,460	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	65,230	32,020	33,215	93.9	93.1	94.7
Immigrants⁸¹	3,240	1,725	1,515	4.7	5.0	4.3
Before 1980	240	130	110	0.3	0.4	0.3
1980 to 1990	175	90	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	345	165	180	0.5	0.5	0.5
2001 to 2010	895	480	415	1.3	1.4	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,590	860	730	2.3	2.5	2.1
2011 to 2015	670	360	310	1.0	1.0	0.9
2016 to 2021	920	500	420	1.3	1.5	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	990	645	345	1.4	1.9	1.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,240	1,725	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	350	200	150	10.8	11.6	9.9
5 to 14 years	735	405	330	22.7	23.5	21.8
15 to 24 years	545	265	280	16.8	15.4	18.5
25 to 44 years	1,395	740	650	43.1	42.9	42.9
45 years and over	215	105	105	6.6	6.1	6.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,240	1,725	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	890	455	435	27.5	26.4	28.7
Brazil	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Colombia	520	240	275	16.0	13.9	18.2
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	60	40	20	1.9	2.3	1.3
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	40	30	15	1.2	1.7	1.0
Peru	20	15	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	60	30	35	1.9	1.7	2.3
Other places of birth in Americas	175	100	75	5.4	5.8	5.0
Europe	630	340	295	19.4	19.7	19.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	85	40	50	2.6	2.3	3.3
Croatia	35	15	20	1.1	0.9	1.3
France	315	175	140	9.7	10.1	9.2
Germany	25	25	0	0.8	1.4	0.0
Greece	20	10	10	0.6	0.6	0.7
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	35	2.5	2.3	2.3
Africa	1,225	690	530	37.8	40.0	35.0
Algeria	85	50	35	2.6	2.9	2.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	105	65	45	3.2	3.8	3.0
Egypt	20	20	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	170	100	70	5.2	5.8	4.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	825	460	370	25.5	26.7	24.4
Asia	495	230	260	15.3	13.3	17.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Iraq	85	35	50	2.6	2.0	3.3
Lebanon	45	25	25	1.4	1.4	1.7
Syria⁸⁹	140	85	50	4.3	4.9	3.3
Turkey	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
China⁹⁰	45	25	25	1.4	1.4	1.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Viet Nam	50	15	30	1.5	0.9	2.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	40	45	2.6	2.3	3.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	920	500	420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	120	60	55	13.0	12.0	13.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	50	30	25	5.4	6.0	6.0
Haiti	10	10	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	10	0	1.6	2.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.4
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	2.7	2.0	3.6
Europe	80	50	30	8.7	10.0	7.1
France	60	35	25	6.5	7.0	6.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	1.6	3.0	0.0
Africa	515	275	240	56.0	55.0	57.1
Algeria	25	0	15	2.7	0.0	3.6
Burundi	55	30	25	6.0	6.0	6.0
Cameroon	65	20	40	7.1	4.0	9.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	20	10	2.7	4.0	2.4
Côte d'Ivoire	50	40	15	5.4	8.0	3.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	10	20	3.8	2.0	4.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	45	25	20	4.9	5.0	4.8
Other places of birth in Africa	220	115	105	23.9	23.0	25.0
Asia	200	110	90	21.7	22.0	21.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	2.2	2.0	2.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	35	10	20	3.8	2.0	4.8
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	130	80	45	14.1	16.0	10.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	69,465	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,475	2,520	1,960	6.4	7.3	5.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,610	1,215	1,390	3.8	3.5	4.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	62,375	30,650	31,725	89.8	89.1	90.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,000	1,595	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	940	550	390	31.3	34.5	27.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	500	370	125	16.7	23.2	8.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	450	180	265	15.0	11.3	18.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	700	320	380	23.3	20.1	27.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	1,340	715	630	44.7	44.8	44.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	10	10	0.5	0.6	0.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,000	1,595	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	105	70	35	3.5	4.4	2.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	190	105	85	6.3	6.6	6.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	20	10	0.8	1.3	0.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	100	75	25	3.3	4.7	1.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,555	1,320	1,235	85.2	82.8	87.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	69,465	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	4,100	2,235	1,865	5.9	6.5	5.3
South Asian	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	125	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	1,575	865	710	2.3	2.5	2.0
Filipino	75	50	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	955	560	400	1.4	1.6	1.1
Latin American	1,060	545	515	1.5	1.6	1.5
Southeast Asian	160	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	65,360	32,145	33,215	94.1	93.5	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	69,460	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	29,565	14,550	15,015	42.6	42.3	42.8
English	815	425	385	1.2	1.2	1.1
Irish	2,240	1,145	1,100	3.2	3.3	3.1
Scottish	655	290	365	0.9	0.8	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	14,250	7,220	7,030	20.5	21.0	20.0
German	725	360	365	1.0	1.0	1.0
Chinese	115	45	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italian	600	335	255	0.9	1.0	0.7
Indian (India)	120	50	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	110	50	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Québécois	10,055	4,780	5,270	14.5	13.9	15.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Filipino	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	6,550	3,135	3,420	9.4	9.1	9.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,515	765	745	2.2	2.2	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,290	610	680	1.9	1.8	1.9
Métis	215	105	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	550	275	270	0.8	0.8	0.8
Russian	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	395	200	190	0.6	0.6	0.5
Spanish	225	115	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swedish	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	610	280	330	0.9	0.8	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	435	235	200	0.6	0.7	0.6
Jewish	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	85	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	370	180	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Greek	95	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	90	55	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	840	455	385	1.2	1.3	1.1
Danish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	340	160	180	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	195	110	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian	335	155	175	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	195	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	175	85	95	0.3	0.2	0.3
Finnish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	105	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	155	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	610	290	325	0.9	0.8	0.9
Moroccan	295	165	130	0.4	0.5	0.4
Czech	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	120	80	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	95	60	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Brazilian	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	120	65	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	190	95	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	210	130	80	0.3	0.4	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	105	50	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Venezuelan	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	35	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	80	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	405	220	185	0.6	0.6	0.5
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	150	75	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	105	70	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	135	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	69,460	34,385	35,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	49,755	23,850	25,900	71.6	69.4	73.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,930	1,975	1,955	5.7	5.7	5.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	220	110	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	44,520	21,175	23,350	64.1	61.6	66.6
Christian Orthodox	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	180	80	105	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	35	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lutheran	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	280	165	115	0.4	0.5	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	365	205	155	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	1,275	670	600	1.8	1.9	1.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	125	35	90	0.2	0.1	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	18,225	9,795	8,440	26.2	28.5	24.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	68,830	34,065	34,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	59,230	29,205	30,025	86.1	85.7	86.4
Movers	9,600	4,865	4,735	13.9	14.3	13.6
Non-migrants	6,485	3,310	3,180	9.4	9.7	9.1
Migrants	3,115	1,550	1,560	4.5	4.6	4.5
Internal migrants	2,760	1,320	1,440	4.0	3.9	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	2,690	1,280	1,415	3.9	3.8	4.1
Interprovincial migrants	70	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	350	230	120	0.5	0.7	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	66,090	32,640	33,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	37,705	18,520	19,180	57.1	56.7	57.3
Movers	28,390	14,125	14,265	43.0	43.3	42.6
Non-migrants	15,215	7,500	7,715	23.0	23.0	23.1
Migrants	13,175	6,625	6,550	19.9	20.3	19.6
Internal migrants	11,580	5,685	5,890	17.5	17.4	17.6
Intraprovincial migrants	11,325	5,570	5,755	17.1	17.1	17.2
Interprovincial migrants	260	120	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	1,595	935	655	2.4	2.9	2.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	58,300	28,675	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	14,645	7,845	6,800	25.1	27.4	23.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	43,655	20,825	22,830	74.9	72.6	77.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	35,185	17,715	17,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,720	4,010	2,710	19.1	22.6	15.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	28,465	13,705	14,760	80.9	77.4	84.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	58,295	28,675	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,960	6,665	6,295	22.2	23.2	21.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	13,995	6,780	7,215	24.0	23.6	24.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,335	15,230	16,115	53.8	53.1	54.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	23,410	11,740	11,680	40.2	40.9	39.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,135	6,760	4,375	19.1	23.6	14.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	8,440	4,625	3,815	14.5	16.1	12.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,695	2,135	565	4.6	7.4	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,420	4,260	6,160	17.9	14.9	20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,855	720	1,135	3.2	2.5	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,925	3,490	4,435	13.6	12.2	15.0
Bachelor's degree	5,575	2,415	3,155	9.6	8.4	10.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	615	250	360	1.1	0.9	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	255	90	160	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	1,335	640	695	2.3	2.2	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	145	90	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	35,185	17,715	17,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,515	3,170	2,350	15.7	17.9	13.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,755	3,560	3,200	19.2	20.1	18.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,910	10,990	11,925	65.1	62.0	68.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,595	8,350	8,240	47.2	47.1	47.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,215	4,840	3,370	23.3	27.3	19.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,365	3,385	2,975	18.1	19.1	17.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,850	1,460	395	5.3	8.2	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,235	3,045	4,190	20.6	17.2	24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,145	465	680	3.3	2.6	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,315	2,635	3,685	17.9	14.9	21.1
Bachelor's degree	4,395	1,840	2,550	12.5	10.4	14.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	490	180	315	1.4	1.0	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	70	140	0.6	0.4	0.8
Master's degree	1,110	475	635	3.2	2.7	3.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	65	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	58,295	28,670	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	26,960	13,450	13,515	46.2	46.9	45.6
Education	2,840	620	2,215	4.9	2.2	7.5
13. Education	2,840	620	2,215	4.9	2.2	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	860	360	495	1.5	1.3	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	115	25	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	720	245	470	1.2	0.9	1.6
Humanities	1,565	610	955	2.7	2.1	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	220	60	160	0.4	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	850	325	520	1.5	1.1	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	100	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	195	70	125	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,235	565	1,675	3.8	2.0	5.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	235	80	155	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	705	60	650	1.2	0.2	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	350	95	250	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	60	10	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	465	105	365	0.8	0.4	1.2
45. Social sciences	385	200	190	0.7	0.7	0.6
Business, management and public administration	7,085	2,430	4,660	12.2	8.5	15.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	315	70	250	0.5	0.2	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,750	2,350	4,405	11.6	8.2	14.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	675	365	310	1.2	1.3	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	55	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	70	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	175	80	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
40. Physical sciences	165	125	40	0.3	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	740	505	235	1.3	1.8	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	635	465	170	1.1	1.6	0.6
25. Library science	75	15	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,675	7,110	565	13.2	24.8	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	95	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	925	795	130	1.6	2.8	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,560	1,365	200	2.7	4.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,790	1,740	50	3.1	6.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,675	1,650	30	2.9	5.8	0.1
48. Precision production	1,625	1,500	120	2.8	5.2	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	730	435	290	1.3	1.5	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	585	310	270	1.0	1.1	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	145	125	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
Health and related fields	3,875	695	3,180	6.6	2.4	10.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	205	105	100	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,565	560	3,005	6.1	2.0	10.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	110	30	85	0.2	0.1	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,030	1,510	1,520	5.2	5.3	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,730	410	1,325	3.0	1.4	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	515	415	95	0.9	1.4	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	770	675	105	1.3	2.4	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	35,180	17,715	17,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,275	6,730	5,545	34.9	38.0	31.7
Education	1,915	400	1,520	5.4	2.3	8.7
13. Education	1,915	400	1,520	5.4	2.3	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	655	270	390	1.9	1.5	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	85	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	545	180	360	1.5	1.0	2.1
Humanities	920	360	560	2.6	2.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	185	50	140	0.5	0.3	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	455	195	265	1.3	1.1	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	140	45	95	0.4	0.3	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,715	385	1,335	4.9	2.2	7.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	60	125	0.5	0.3	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	565	35	535	1.6	0.2	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	275	70	205	0.8	0.4	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	365	70	295	1.0	0.4	1.7
45. Social sciences	280	135	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
Business, management and public administration	5,260	1,720	3,540	15.0	9.7	20.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	50	190	0.7	0.3	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,000	1,655	3,340	14.2	9.3	19.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	405	225	185	1.2	1.3	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	35	95	0.4	0.2	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	140	105	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	640	465	175	1.8	2.6	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	570	435	130	1.6	2.5	0.7
25. Library science	50	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,665	5,165	505	16.1	29.2	2.9
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	805	695	115	2.3	3.9	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,230	1,055	180	3.5	6.0	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,265	1,220	45	3.6	6.9	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,115	1,090	20	3.2	6.2	0.1
48. Precision production	1,150	1,045	110	3.3	5.9	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	335	270	1.7	1.9	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	500	245	255	1.4	1.4	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	90	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
Health and related fields	2,840	525	2,310	8.1	3.0	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,575	415	2,160	7.3	2.3	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	105	30	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,270	1,140	1,130	6.5	6.4	6.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,305	290	1,010	3.7	1.6	5.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	370	320	55	1.1	1.8	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	515	60	1.6	2.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	35,180	17,715	17,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,275	6,730	5,545	34.9	38.0	31.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	22,910	10,985	11,925	65.1	62.0	68.3
Location of study inside Canada	21,780	10,320	11,460	61.9	58.3	65.6
Same as province or territory of residence	21,545	10,195	11,350	61.2	57.6	65.0
Different than province or territory of residence	240	130	110	0.7	0.7	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,130	665	460	3.2	3.8	2.6
Americas	300	170	130	0.9	1.0	0.7
United States of America	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mexico	50	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cuba	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	85	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	310	200	110	0.9	1.1	0.6
Belgium	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	210	135	75	0.6	0.8	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Africa	395	225	175	1.1	1.3	1.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Morocco	90	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tunisia	130	75	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	140	90	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Asia	115	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	50	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	58,295	28,675	29,625	...	...	...
In the labour force	35,915	18,810	17,105	...	...	...
Employed	33,865	17,785	16,080	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,045	1,025	1,020	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	22,385	9,865	12,520	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.6	65.6	57.7	61.6	65.6	57.7
Employment rate	58.1	62.0	54.3	58.1	62.0	54.3
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.4	6.0	5.7	5.4	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	58,295	28,670	29,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	22,110	9,730	12,375	37.9	33.9	41.8
Worked	36,190	18,945	17,245	62.1	66.1	58.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	19,295	10,810	8,485	33.1	37.7	28.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	16,895	8,130	8,765	29.0	28.4	29.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.8	41.1	42.0	42.8	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	35,910	18,805	17,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	625	270	350	1.7	1.4	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	35,290	18,530	16,755	98.3	98.5	98.0
Employee	32,000	16,700	15,295	89.1	88.8	89.4
Permanent position	27,735	14,670	13,065	77.2	78.0	76.4
Temporary position	4,260	2,035	2,230	11.9	10.8	13.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,480	665	820	4.1	3.5	4.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,785	1,365	1,410	7.8	7.3	8.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,285	1,830	1,455	9.1	9.7	8.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	35,910	18,805	17,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	625	270	350	1.7	1.4	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	35,290	18,530	16,755	98.3	98.5	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	575	415	160	1.6	2.2	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,540	1,775	3,765	15.4	9.4	22.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,000	1,585	420	5.6	8.4	2.5
3 Health occupations	2,695	480	2,210	7.5	2.6	12.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,015	1,090	2,925	11.2	5.8	17.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	830	450	380	2.3	2.4	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	9,090	3,955	5,140	25.3	21.0	30.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,675	5,995	675	18.6	31.9	3.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	460	360	100	1.3	1.9	0.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,410	2,430	980	9.5	12.9	5.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	35,910	18,805	17,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	625	270	350	1.7	1.4	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	35,290	18,530	16,755	98.3	98.5	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	450	350	100	1.3	1.9	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	75	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
22 Utilities	160	130	25	0.4	0.7	0.1
23 Construction	2,265	1,935	325	6.3	10.3	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	7,375	5,255	2,115	20.5	27.9	12.4
41 Wholesale trade	1,560	1,055	505	4.3	5.6	3.0
44-45 Retail trade	4,615	2,175	2,435	12.9	11.6	14.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,800	1,355	440	5.0	7.2	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	295	170	125	0.8	0.9	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	890	325	565	2.5	1.7	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	390	240	155	1.1	1.3	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,840	935	900	5.1	5.0	5.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,070	635	440	3.0	3.4	2.6
61 Educational services	2,440	675	1,760	6.8	3.6	10.3
62 Health care and social assistance	4,690	825	3,855	13.1	4.4	22.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	415	240	180	1.2	1.3	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	2,230	805	1,425	6.2	4.3	8.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,610	760	855	4.5	4.0	5.0
91 Public administration	1,095	580	510	3.0	3.1	3.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	38,355	20,010	18,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	255	165	95	0.7	0.8	0.5
French	33,585	17,180	16,405	87.6	85.9	89.5
Non-official language	70	55	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	55	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
English and French	4,180	2,510	1,665	10.9	12.5	9.1
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	100	40	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	145	60	85	0.4	0.3	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	38,355	20,010	18,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,820	19,735	18,085	98.6	98.6	98.6
Official languages	37,725	19,660	18,065	98.4	98.3	98.5
English	665	380	290	1.7	1.9	1.6
French	37,050	19,285	17,770	96.6	96.4	96.9
Non-official languages	100	80	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	100	80	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	85	70	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	70	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	70	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	530	275	255	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and French	480	270	220	1.3	1.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	38,355	20,010	18,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	34,415	17,670	16,740	89.7	88.3	91.3
English	3,325	2,045	1,285	8.7	10.2	7.0
French	410	215	195	1.1	1.1	1.1
Non-official language	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	33,865	17,785	16,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,820	1,790	2,035	11.3	10.1	12.7
Worked outside Canada	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	2,940	2,195	740	8.7	12.3	4.6
Usual place of work	27,045	13,755	13,290	79.9	77.3	82.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	27,045	13,750	13,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	22,160	10,750	11,410	81.9	78.2	85.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,015	1,305	710	7.5	9.5	5.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,860	1,690	1,170	10.6	12.3	8.8
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	29,985	15,950	14,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	27,530	14,655	12,875	91.8	91.9	91.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25,940	13,810	12,130	86.5	86.6	86.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,590	840	740	5.3	5.3	5.3
Public transit	470	175	295	1.6	1.1	2.1
Walked	1,265	635	630	4.2	4.0	4.5
Bicycle	345	280	65	1.2	1.8	0.5
Other method	375	205	170	1.3	1.3	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	29,985	15,950	14,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	16,825	8,235	8,585	56.1	51.6	61.2
15 to 29 minutes	9,135	5,155	3,985	30.5	32.3	28.4
30 to 44 minutes	1,985	1,120	865	6.6	7.0	6.2
45 to 59 minutes	1,045	685	360	3.5	4.3	2.6
60 minutes and over	990	750	240	3.3	4.7	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	29,985	15,950	14,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,595	1,230	365	5.3	7.7	2.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,215	3,675	1,540	17.4	23.0	11.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,295	4,670	4,620	31.0	29.3	32.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,090	2,265	3,825	20.3	14.2	27.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,335	900	1,435	7.8	5.6	10.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,455	3,210	2,245	18.2	20.1	16.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	13,520	6,920	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,215	605	610	9.0	8.7	9.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	12,310	6,305	6,000	91.1	91.1	90.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	9,850	5,060	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	905	450	460	9.2	8.9	9.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	665	320	345	6.8	6.3	7.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	245	130	115	2.5	2.6	2.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,950	4,610	4,335	90.9	91.1	90.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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