Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Division No. 10, Census division (CDR)More information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	24,332	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	24,639	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.2	...	...	- 1.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,941	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,518	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.1	...	...	0.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	191,691.09	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	24,330	12,340	11,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,505	2,270	2,235	18.5	18.4	18.6
0 to 4 years	1,315	655	660	5.4	5.3	5.5
5 to 9 years	1,585	775	810	6.5	6.3	6.8
10 to 14 years	1,600	835	765	6.6	6.8	6.4
15 to 64 years	16,605	8,500	8,105	68.2	68.9	67.6
15 to 19 years	1,445	760	685	5.9	6.2	5.7
20 to 24 years	1,475	795	680	6.1	6.4	5.7
25 to 29 years	1,520	800	725	6.2	6.5	6.0
30 to 34 years	1,725	875	850	7.1	7.1	7.1
35 to 39 years	1,750	850	905	7.2	6.9	7.5
40 to 44 years	1,735	885	850	7.1	7.2	7.1
45 to 49 years	1,885	935	950	7.7	7.6	7.9
50 to 54 years	2,000	1,015	980	8.2	8.2	8.2
55 to 59 years	1,675	870	805	6.9	7.1	6.7
60 to 64 years	1,395	720	680	5.7	5.8	5.7
65 years and over	3,225	1,570	1,655	13.3	12.7	13.8
65 to 69 years	1,210	600	610	5.0	4.9	5.1
70 to 74 years	945	460	485	3.9	3.7	4.0
75 to 79 years	575	280	295	2.4	2.3	2.5
80 to 84 years	300	140	155	1.2	1.1	1.3
85 years and over	195	85	105	0.8	0.7	0.9
85 to 89 years	140	70	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
90 to 94 years	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.5	18.4	18.6	18.5	18.4	18.6
15 to 64 years	68.2	68.9	67.6	68.2	68.9	67.6
65 years and over	13.3	12.7	13.8	13.3	12.7	13.8
85 years and over	0.8	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.9
Average age of the population	38.8	38.6	39.1	38.8	38.6	39.1
Median age of the population	39.2	38.8	39.6	39.2	38.8	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,295	...	...	66.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,175	...	...	12.3	...	...
Row house	945	...	...	9.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	535	...	...	5.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	95	...	...	1.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	325	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,165	...	...	22.7	...	...
2 persons	3,510	...	...	36.9	...	...
3 persons	1,790	...	...	18.8	...	...
4 persons	1,380	...	...	14.5	...	...
5 or more persons	675	...	...	7.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	23,885	12,020	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,830	10,070	9,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	12,445	6,220	6,230	62.8	61.8	63.9
Married	9,085	4,555	4,530	45.8	45.2	46.4
Living common-law	3,365	1,670	1,700	17.0	16.6	17.4
Living common law - Never married	2,675	1,300	1,380	13.5	12.9	14.1
Living common law - Separated	110	60	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	510	285	225	2.6	2.8	2.3
Living common law - Widowed	65	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,385	3,855	3,530	37.2	38.3	36.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,465	3,125	2,335	27.6	31.0	23.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	385	190	195	1.9	1.9	2.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	710	350	365	3.6	3.5	3.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	820	185	635	4.1	1.8	6.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,775	...	...	51.7	...	...
3 persons	1,755	...	...	24.0	...	...
4 persons	1,315	...	...	18.0	...	...
5 or more persons	460	...	...	6.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,100	...	...	83.5	...	...
Married couples	4,420	...	...	60.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,175	...	...	29.8	...	...
Without children	2,245	...	...	30.7	...	...
Common-law couples	1,680	...	...	23.0	...	...
With children⁶	875	...	...	12.0	...	...
Without children	805	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,200	...	...	16.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	835	...	...	11.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	365	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	23,885	12,025	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	20,530	10,220	10,310	86.0	85.0	86.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,205	6,080	6,120	51.1	50.6	51.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,200	365	840	5.0	3.0	7.1
Children⁶	7,125	3,770	3,350	29.8	31.4	28.2
In a two-parent family	5,250	2,800	2,450	22.0	23.3	20.7
In a one-parent family	1,870	975	900	7.8	8.1	7.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,355	1,800	1,555	14.0	15.0	13.1
Living alone	2,165	1,180	990	9.1	9.8	8.3
Living with other relatives⁷	655	325	330	2.7	2.7	2.8
Living with non-relatives only	535	305	230	2.2	2.5	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,475	...	...	68.0	...	...
Couple-family households	5,585	...	...	58.7	...	...
With children⁶	2,770	...	...	29.1	...	...
Without children	2,820	...	...	29.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	885	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	260	...	...	2.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	315	...	...	3.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	260	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	2,165	...	...	22.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	19,390	9,760	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,595	9,390	9,205	95.9	96.2	95.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	68,000	40,800	51,200	68,000	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,600	9,395	9,205	95.9	96.3	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	57,200	36,800	45,200	57,200	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,830	8,790	8,040	86.8	90.1	83.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	65,500	34,000	47,200	65,500	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,205	8,130	7,080	78.4	83.3	73.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	70,000	37,600	50,400	70,000	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,125	5,695	7,435	67.7	58.4	77.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	13,500	10,600	11,800	13,500	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,905	1,980	1,930	20.1	20.3	20.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	10,700	8,400	9,600	10,700	8,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,440	1,995	2,445	22.9	20.4	25.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	19,390	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,600	9,400	9,200	95.9	96.4	95.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,800	80,800	50,360	65,800	80,800	50,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,605	9,410	9,200	96.0	96.5	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,250	63,700	42,560	53,250	63,700	42,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,845	8,805	8,050	86.9	90.3	83.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,800	77,800	46,480	62,800	77,800	46,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,205	8,155	7,045	78.4	83.6	73.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,800	77,700	47,720	63,800	77,700	47,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,175	5,705	7,470	67.9	58.5	77.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,520	13,220	11,980	12,520	13,220	11,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,890	1,980	1,910	20.1	20.3	19.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,730	11,360	10,080	10,730	11,360	10,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,255	1,880	2,370	21.9	19.3	24.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,810	8,920	8,720	8,810	8,920	8,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	19,385	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,650	4,275	3,380	39.5	43.8	35.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	84,000	107,000	64,000	84,000	107,000	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,200	109,600	70,100	92,200	109,600	70,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,905	2,925	2,985	30.5	30.0	31.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	29,200	19,000	23,000	29,200	19,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,880	49,320	28,640	38,880	49,320	28,640
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.6	90.0	80.6	86.6	90.0	80.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	79.2	83.4	72.6	79.2	83.4	72.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.5	9.9	19.3	13.5	9.9	19.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.4	3.0	4.2	3.4	3.0	4.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.5	2.4	5.2	3.5	2.4	5.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.1	2.2	4.5	3.1	2.2	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	19,385	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	790	365	430	4.1	3.7	4.5
With total income	18,595	9,395	9,200	95.9	96.3	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,375	465	905	7.4	4.9	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,630	585	1,045	8.8	6.2	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,175	815	1,355	11.7	8.7	14.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,075	865	1,210	11.2	9.2	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,880	815	1,060	10.1	8.7	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,540	680	860	8.3	7.2	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,200	600	595	6.5	6.4	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	985	525	460	5.3	5.6	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	855	465	390	4.6	4.9	4.2
$90,000 to $99,999	760	440	320	4.1	4.7	3.5
$100,000 and over	4,125	3,120	1,005	22.2	33.2	10.9
$100,000 to $149,999	2,735	1,920	815	14.7	20.4	8.9
$150,000 and over	1,390	1,200	190	7.5	12.8	2.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	19,385	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	785	360	420	4.0	3.7	4.4
With after-tax income	18,600	9,395	9,205	96.0	96.3	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,415	480	940	7.6	5.1	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,710	605	1,105	9.2	6.4	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,605	980	1,620	14.0	10.4	17.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,455	1,065	1,385	13.2	11.3	15.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,160	990	1,170	11.6	10.5	12.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,670	810	865	9.0	8.6	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,320	725	595	7.1	7.7	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,115	645	470	6.0	6.9	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	930	600	335	5.0	6.4	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	865	570	290	4.7	6.1	3.2
$100,000 and over	2,360	1,925	430	12.7	20.5	4.7
$100,000 to $124,999	1,625	1,320	305	8.7	14.1	3.3
$125,000 and over	735	605	125	4.0	6.4	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	19,385	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,180	1,630	2,550	21.6	16.7	26.5
With employment income	15,210	8,130	7,075	78.5	83.3	73.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,515	735	775	10.0	9.0	11.0
$5,000 to $9,999	1,025	440	585	6.7	5.4	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,610	650	960	10.6	8.0	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,270	535	740	8.3	6.6	10.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,065	435	625	7.0	5.4	8.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,085	465	620	7.1	5.7	8.8
$50,000 to $59,999	935	395	540	6.1	4.9	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	845	405	445	5.6	5.0	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	785	415	365	5.2	5.1	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	675	370	305	4.4	4.6	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	630	395	235	4.1	4.9	3.3
$100,000 and over	3,765	2,890	880	24.8	35.5	12.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,305	870	440	8.6	10.7	6.2
$125,000 and over	2,460	2,020	440	16.2	24.8	6.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	19,390	9,760	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,310	9,260	9,050	94.4	94.9	94.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	68,500	36,800	48,800	68,500	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,320	9,260	9,065	94.5	94.9	94.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	56,800	33,200	43,200	56,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,690	8,700	7,990	86.1	89.1	83.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	68,000	32,800	46,800	68,000	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,235	8,120	7,115	78.6	83.2	73.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	71,000	34,800	49,600	71,000	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,780	5,045	6,740	60.8	51.7	70.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	9,700	8,100	8,700	9,700	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,130	2,135	1,990	21.3	21.9	20.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,700	9,900	9,500	9,700	9,900	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	19,390	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,355	9,305	9,055	94.7	95.4	94.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,500	78,900	45,640	62,500	78,900	45,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,375	9,305	9,070	94.8	95.4	94.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,080	61,500	38,360	50,080	61,500	38,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,670	8,730	7,940	86.0	89.5	82.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,550	77,800	43,760	61,550	77,800	43,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,180	8,125	7,055	78.3	83.3	73.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,050	77,200	44,680	62,050	77,200	44,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,825	5,130	6,700	61.0	52.6	69.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,270	10,860	9,820	10,270	10,860	9,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,115	2,145	1,970	21.2	22.0	20.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,710	10,810	10,600	10,710	10,810	10,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	19,385	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,590	4,245	3,340	39.2	43.5	34.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	78,000	101,000	57,600	78,000	101,000	57,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,200	104,000	63,550	86,200	104,000	63,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,545	2,790	2,750	28.6	28.6	28.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	36,400	20,600	26,800	36,400	20,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,280	55,500	30,880	43,280	55,500	30,880
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.4	92.4	84.0	89.4	92.4	84.0
Employment income (%)	82.0	85.4	76.2	82.0	85.4	76.2
Government transfers (%)	10.6	7.6	15.9	10.6	7.6	15.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.8	3.2	5.1	3.8	3.2	5.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,520	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,200	...	...	49,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,520	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	104,100	...	...	104,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,600	...	...	117,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	280	...	...	2.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	155	...	...	1.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...	2.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	2.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	490	...	...	5.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	485	...	...	5.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	475	...	...	5.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	470	...	...	4.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	460	...	...	4.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,480	...	...	57.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,120	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,010	...	...	10.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,675	...	...	17.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,680	...	...	17.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	290	...	...	3.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	1.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	275	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	280	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	285	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	645	...	...	6.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	555	...	...	5.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	615	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	700	...	...	7.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,520	...	...	47.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,405	...	...	14.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,135	...	...	11.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,980	...	...	20.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...	168,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,700	1,480	1,215	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,800	67,000	42,000	52,800	67,000	42,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,800	56,400	38,800	46,800	56,400	38,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,600	...	...	143,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,500	...	...	116,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	131,200	...	...	131,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,100	...	...	105,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	176,000	...	...	176,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,200	...	...	142,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,075	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,600	...	...	75,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,715	1,505	1,210	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	68,900	79,800	55,200	68,900	79,800	55,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,400	62,700	46,300	55,400	62,700	46,300
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	23,885	12,020	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,360	2,710	2,645	22.4	22.5	22.3
0 to 5 years	1,645	835	815	6.9	6.9	6.9
18 to 64 years	15,410	7,780	7,625	64.5	64.7	64.3
65 years and over	3,120	1,530	1,590	13.1	12.7	13.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,835	810	1,030	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	515	240	275	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	180	85	95	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	770	345	425	...	...	...
65 years and over	555	225	330	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.7	6.7	8.7	7.7	6.7	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	8.7	10.4	9.6	8.7	10.4
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	10.0	12.0	11.0	10.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	4.4	5.6	5.0	4.4	5.6
65 years and over (%)	17.8	14.7	20.7	17.8	14.7	20.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	21,815	11,040	10,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,585	2,360	2,230	21.0	21.4	20.7
0 to 5 years	1,390	720	665	6.4	6.5	6.2
18 to 64 years	14,210	7,205	7,005	65.1	65.3	65.0
65 years and over	3,020	1,475	1,545	13.8	13.4	14.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	435	200	230	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	70	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	260	110	145	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	3.0	3.4	3.1	3.0	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	1.6	2.1	1.8	1.6	2.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	23,885	12,020	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	8,200	3,810	4,390	34.3	31.7	37.0
In bottom decile	1,590	715	875	6.7	5.9	7.4
In second decile	1,515	680	830	6.3	5.7	7.0
In third decile	1,500	700	800	6.3	5.8	6.7
In fourth decile	1,845	855	990	7.7	7.1	8.3
In fifth decile	1,750	860	885	7.3	7.2	7.5
In top half of the distribution	15,685	8,210	7,480	65.7	68.3	63.0
In sixth decile	2,240	1,150	1,095	9.4	9.6	9.2
In seventh decile	2,610	1,295	1,315	10.9	10.8	11.1
In eighth decile	2,915	1,485	1,430	12.2	12.4	12.1
In ninth decile	3,790	2,025	1,765	15.9	16.8	14.9
In top decile	4,135	2,260	1,870	17.3	18.8	15.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	23,880	...	...	23,880	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.304	...	...	0.304	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.395	...	...	0.395	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.265	...	...	0.265	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	24,065	12,150	11,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	22,115	11,255	10,855	91.9	92.6	91.1
French only	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	1,830	845	985	7.6	7.0	8.3
Neither English nor French	75	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	24,065	12,150	11,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	23,590	11,890	11,700	98.0	97.9	98.2
French	350	205	145	1.5	1.7	1.2
English and French	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	70	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	24,065	12,150	11,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,640	11,955	11,680	98.2	98.4	98.0
Official languages	21,225	10,790	10,435	88.2	88.8	87.6
English	20,840	10,580	10,265	86.6	87.1	86.2
French	380	215	165	1.6	1.8	1.4
Non-official languages	2,415	1,160	1,255	10.0	9.5	10.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,600	745	850	6.6	6.1	7.1
Algonquian languages	1,555	730	825	6.5	6.0	6.9
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,555	730	825	6.5	6.0	6.9
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,555	730	825	6.5	6.0	6.9
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	820	420	395	3.4	3.5	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	425	200	230	1.8	1.6	1.9
Bikol	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	380	185	200	1.6	1.5	1.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	280	160	120	1.2	1.3	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	25	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	35	25	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	175	90	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	160	85	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Urdu	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	425	190	230	1.8	1.6	1.9
English and French	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	340	160	185	1.4	1.3	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	24,065	12,150	11,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,895	10,655	10,235	86.8	87.7	85.9
French	150	75	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	980	475	505	4.1	3.9	4.2
Indigenous³⁹	815	385	425	3.4	3.2	3.6
Non-Indigenous	165	85	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	245	120	130	1.0	1.0	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,685	770	915	7.0	6.3	7.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	24,065	12,150	11,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,580	11,940	11,640	98.0	98.3	97.7
Official languages	21,820	11,065	10,755	90.7	91.1	90.3
English	21,630	10,970	10,660	89.9	90.3	89.5
French	195	100	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
Non-official languages	1,755	870	885	7.3	7.2	7.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,305	650	660	5.4	5.3	5.5
Algonquian languages	1,300	650	655	5.4	5.3	5.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,300	650	655	5.4	5.3	5.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,300	650	655	5.4	5.3	5.5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	450	220	230	1.9	1.8	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	250	115	130	1.0	0.9	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	235	115	125	1.0	0.9	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	70	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	115	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	105	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	485	210	275	2.0	1.7	2.3
English and French	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	440	185	255	1.8	1.5	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	24,065	12,150	11,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,485	11,405	11,085	93.4	93.9	93.0
English	740	385	350	3.1	3.2	2.9
French	195	90	105	0.8	0.7	0.9
Non-official language	525	220	305	2.2	1.8	2.6
Indigenous³⁹	270	100	170	1.1	0.8	1.4
Non-Indigenous	255	120	135	1.1	1.0	1.1
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	55	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	23,885	12,020	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	23,820	12,000	11,820	99.7	99.8	99.7
English	23,760	11,975	11,785	99.5	99.6	99.4
French	1,925	840	1,085	8.1	7.0	9.1
Non-official languages	3,230	1,535	1,690	13.5	12.8	14.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,990	905	1,090	8.3	7.5	9.2
Algonquian languages	1,875	880	995	7.9	7.3	8.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,870	880	990	7.8	7.3	8.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,870	870	990	7.8	7.2	8.3
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	120	30	95	0.5	0.2	0.8
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	120	30	95	0.5	0.2	0.8
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,285	660	620	5.4	5.5	5.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	625	295	330	2.6	2.5	2.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	590	270	320	2.5	2.2	2.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	525	300	225	2.2	2.5	1.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	55	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	45	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
German	55	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	270	145	120	1.1	1.2	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	245	135	110	1.0	1.1	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	145	85	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	95	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	140	75	60	0.6	0.6	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,885	12,020	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	9,115	4,420	4,695	38.2	36.8	39.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	8,765	4,250	4,515	36.7	35.4	38.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,560	1,175	1,385	10.7	9.8	11.7
Métis	3,225	1,610	1,615	13.5	13.4	13.6
Inuk (Inuit)	2,970	1,465	1,510	12.4	12.2	12.7
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	250	115	130	1.0	1.0	1.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	105	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	14,765	7,600	7,165	61.8	63.2	60.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,885	12,020	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,650	1,270	1,375	11.1	10.6	11.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,230	10,750	10,485	88.9	89.4	88.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,725	...	...	70.6	...	...
Renter	2,395	...	...	25.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	395	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	130	...	...	1.4	...	...
Not condominium	9,385	...	...	98.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	370	...	...	3.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,980	...	...	20.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,450	...	...	46.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,695	...	...	28.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,590	...	...	16.7	...	...
5 rooms	1,655	...	...	17.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,805	...	...	19.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,420	...	...	14.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,045	...	...	32.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,390	...	...	98.6	...	...
More than one person per room	135	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,215	...	...	96.8	...	...
Not suitable	300	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	810	...	...	8.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,445	...	...	46.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,045	...	...	11.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,130	...	...	11.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	495	...	...	5.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	605	...	...	6.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	670	...	...	7.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	315	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,845	...	...	92.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	675	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,240	...	...	55.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,000	...	...	42.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	270	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	300	...	...	3.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,500	...	...	15.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,865	...	...	19.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,140	...	...	22.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,760	...	...	18.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,250	...	...	13.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	575	...	...	6.0	...	...
85 years and over	130	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,420	...	...	93.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	545	...	...	6.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	495	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,420	...	...	14.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	485	...	...	5.1	...	...
Not suitable only	250	...	...	2.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	575	...	...	6.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,100	...	...	85.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	345	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not in core need	8,560	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,635	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.8	...	...	56.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,082	...	...	1,082	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	266,000	...	...	266,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	266,800	...	...	266,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,345	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.6	...	...	19.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.5	...	...	11.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	894	...	...	894	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	395	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	0	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	164	...	...	164	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	23,880	12,020	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	6,890	3,340	3,550	28.9	27.8	29.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	6,265	3,010	3,255	26.2	25.0	27.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,340	1,095	1,240	9.8	9.1	10.5
Métis single ancestry	1,540	765	775	6.4	6.4	6.5
Inuit single ancestry	2,385	1,145	1,240	10.0	9.5	10.5
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	625	330	295	2.6	2.7	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	180	85	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	335	185	155	1.4	1.5	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,775	1,305	1,475	11.6	10.9	12.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,430	1,155	1,275	10.2	9.6	10.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	895	425	470	3.7	3.5	4.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	405	180	225	1.7	1.5	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,125	550	575	4.7	4.6	4.8
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	350	150	195	1.5	1.2	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	175	65	115	0.7	0.5	1.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	65	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,220	7,380	6,840	59.5	61.4	57.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	23,880	12,020	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	22,995	11,580	11,420	96.3	96.3	96.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,190	2,625	2,565	21.7	21.8	21.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,805	8,950	8,850	74.6	74.5	74.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	885	440	445	3.7	3.7	3.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	23,880	12,020	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,515	11,345	11,170	94.3	94.4	94.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,125	575	550	4.7	4.8	4.6
Before 1980	145	75	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
1980 to 1990	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	55	45	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
2001 to 2010	100	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	790	395	400	3.3	3.3	3.4
2011 to 2015	270	135	135	1.1	1.1	1.1
2016 to 2021	520	255	265	2.2	2.1	2.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	235	100	140	1.0	0.8	1.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,125	575	550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	150	75	70	13.3	13.0	12.7
5 to 14 years	155	85	75	13.8	14.8	13.6
15 to 24 years	140	90	50	12.4	15.7	9.1
25 to 44 years	625	295	325	55.6	51.3	59.1
45 years and over	55	30	30	4.9	5.2	5.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,125	575	550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	35	55	8.0	6.1	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	10	10	1.8	1.7	1.8
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	15	30	3.6	2.6	5.5
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0.9	1.7	1.8
Europe	230	130	95	20.4	22.6	17.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	0	10	1.8	0.0	1.8
Germany	40	35	10	3.6	6.1	1.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	1.3	1.7	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	50	50	8.9	8.7	9.1
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	2.7	2.6	2.7
Africa	75	50	25	6.7	8.7	4.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	20	15	0	1.8	2.6	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	2.7	2.6	2.7
Asia	740	365	375	65.8	63.5	68.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	1.8	1.7	2.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	510	240	270	45.3	41.7	49.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
India	100	55	40	8.9	9.6	7.3
Pakistan	20	10	10	1.8	1.7	1.8
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	20	10	2.7	3.5	1.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	525	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	15	4.8	3.8	5.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	30	20	8.6	11.5	7.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	1.9	3.8	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.9	3.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.7
Africa	35	25	10	6.7	9.6	3.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	15	0	2.9	5.8	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	420	200	215	80.0	76.9	79.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	35	30	12.4	13.5	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.7
Philippines	305	135	170	58.1	51.9	63.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	23,885	12,020	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,420	710	710	5.9	5.9	6.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	770	435	340	3.2	3.6	2.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	21,685	10,875	10,810	90.8	90.5	91.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	980	500	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	770	390	380	78.6	78.0	79.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	355	205	145	36.2	41.0	30.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	185	225	41.8	37.0	46.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	205	110	100	20.9	22.0	20.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	980	500	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	355	175	185	36.2	35.0	38.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	20	15	3.6	4.0	3.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	15	0	1.5	3.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	570	295	275	58.2	59.0	57.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	23,885	12,020	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,275	630	640	5.3	5.2	5.4
South Asian	285	155	130	1.2	1.3	1.1
Chinese	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	105	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Filipino	705	340	365	3.0	2.8	3.1
Arab	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin American	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Southeast Asian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Asian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,605	11,390	11,220	94.6	94.8	94.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	23,885	12,025	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,520	2,360	2,170	18.9	19.6	18.3
English	4,785	2,410	2,380	20.0	20.0	20.1
Irish	3,370	1,685	1,690	14.1	14.0	14.2
Scottish	1,280	680	600	5.4	5.7	5.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	950	465	480	4.0	3.9	4.0
German	310	175	135	1.3	1.5	1.1
Chinese	100	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italian	90	60	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
Indian (India)	170	75	90	0.7	0.6	0.8
Ukrainian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Dutch	120	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Polish	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Québécois	80	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	620	295	325	2.6	2.5	2.7
Filipino	680	320	355	2.8	2.7	3.0
French Canadian	100	40	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,485	720	765	6.2	6.0	6.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	580	250	330	2.4	2.1	2.8
Métis	2,560	1,270	1,290	10.7	10.6	10.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	550	305	250	2.3	2.5	2.1
Russian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Norwegian	100	45	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Welsh	125	65	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
American	120	75	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Spanish	60	30	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Swedish	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	105	35	70	0.4	0.3	0.6
Pakistani	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	200	60	130	0.8	0.5	1.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belgian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	735	335	400	3.1	2.8	3.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Muslim	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	1,450	745	700	6.1	6.2	5.9
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	3,935	1,875	2,060	16.5	15.6	17.4
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	1,840	895	945	7.7	7.4	8.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	295	155	145	1.2	1.3	1.2
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	23,885	12,020	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	19,140	9,380	9,755	80.1	78.0	82.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	585	305	285	2.4	2.5	2.4
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	5,350	2,715	2,635	22.4	22.6	22.2
Baptist	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catholic	6,835	3,340	3,495	28.6	27.8	29.5
Christian Orthodox	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	735	355	380	3.1	3.0	3.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,845	840	1,000	7.7	7.0	8.4
Presbyterian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	2,495	1,225	1,275	10.4	10.2	10.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,125	535	590	4.7	4.5	5.0
Hindu	120	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	140	70	65	0.6	0.6	0.5
Sikh	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	4,340	2,435	1,905	18.2	20.3	16.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	23,640	11,905	11,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,900	10,605	10,290	88.4	89.1	87.6
Movers	2,740	1,295	1,445	11.6	10.9	12.3
Non-migrants	1,725	775	950	7.3	6.5	8.1
Migrants	1,010	520	490	4.3	4.4	4.2
Internal migrants	955	495	465	4.0	4.2	4.0
Intraprovincial migrants	610	320	285	2.6	2.7	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	350	165	185	1.5	1.4	1.6
External migrants	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	22,545	11,325	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,055	7,570	7,480	66.8	66.8	66.7
Movers	7,490	3,755	3,740	33.2	33.2	33.3
Non-migrants	3,320	1,595	1,730	14.7	14.1	15.4
Migrants	4,175	2,160	2,015	18.5	19.1	18.0
Internal migrants	3,655	1,910	1,745	16.2	16.9	15.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,645	1,375	1,270	11.7	12.1	11.3
Interprovincial migrants	1,010	540	475	4.5	4.8	4.2
External migrants	515	245	265	2.3	2.2	2.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,385	9,755	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,280	2,255	2,020	22.1	23.1	21.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,110	7,500	7,610	77.9	76.9	79.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,480	6,725	6,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,965	1,070	890	14.6	15.9	13.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,520	5,650	5,865	85.5	84.0	86.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,390	9,760	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,855	1,930	1,925	19.9	19.8	20.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,945	2,235	2,710	25.5	22.9	28.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,590	5,595	5,000	54.6	57.3	51.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,135	4,770	3,365	42.0	48.9	34.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,915	2,225	690	15.0	22.8	7.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,215	705	510	6.3	7.2	5.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,700	1,520	180	8.8	15.6	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,900	2,415	2,485	25.3	24.7	25.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	130	190	1.6	1.3	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,460	820	1,640	12.7	8.4	17.0
Bachelor's degree	1,795	590	1,205	9.3	6.0	12.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	30	90	0.6	0.3	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	460	165	295	2.4	1.7	3.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,485	6,730	6,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,675	865	815	12.4	12.9	12.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,075	1,410	1,665	22.8	21.0	24.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,735	4,455	4,275	64.8	66.2	63.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,585	3,740	2,845	48.8	55.6	42.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,205	1,645	560	16.4	24.4	8.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	920	520	395	6.8	7.7	5.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,285	1,120	160	9.5	16.6	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,145	1,995	2,155	30.7	29.6	31.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	100	135	1.7	1.5	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,150	720	1,435	15.9	10.7	21.3
Bachelor's degree	1,575	520	1,050	11.7	7.7	15.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	30	75	0.8	0.4	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	410	140	270	3.0	2.1	4.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,390	9,760	9,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,800	4,165	4,625	45.4	42.7	48.1
Education	635	150	485	3.3	1.5	5.0
13. Education	635	150	485	3.3	1.5	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Humanities	255	90	165	1.3	0.9	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	70	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	25	65	0.4	0.3	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	565	135	430	2.9	1.4	4.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	10	170	1.0	0.1	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	90	25	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	170	55	110	0.9	0.6	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,960	320	1,640	10.1	3.3	17.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	20	125	0.7	0.2	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,805	300	1,505	9.3	3.1	15.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	60	85	0.8	0.6	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	100	160	1.3	1.0	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	245	100	145	1.3	1.0	1.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,975	3,415	565	20.5	35.0	5.9
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	240	180	60	1.2	1.8	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	930	635	305	4.8	6.5	3.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,065	985	85	5.5	10.1	0.9
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,305	1,230	80	6.7	12.6	0.8
48. Precision production	405	380	30	2.1	3.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	255	125	130	1.3	1.3	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	205	115	95	1.1	1.2	1.0
Health and related fields	1,020	165	855	5.3	1.7	8.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	930	120	805	4.8	1.2	8.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,445	995	450	7.5	10.2	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	355	75	280	1.8	0.8	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	225	160	65	1.2	1.6	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	870	755	110	4.5	7.7	1.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,480	6,725	6,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,750	2,270	2,480	35.2	33.8	36.7
Education	500	105	395	3.7	1.6	5.8
13. Education	500	105	395	3.7	1.6	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Humanities	210	60	155	1.6	0.9	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	10	60	0.5	0.1	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
54. History	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	530	125	400	3.9	1.9	5.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	10	170	1.3	0.1	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	80	20	60	0.6	0.3	0.9
45. Social sciences	165	55	105	1.2	0.8	1.6
Business, management and public administration	1,725	295	1,430	12.8	4.4	21.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	20	100	0.9	0.3	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,595	275	1,320	11.8	4.1	19.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	55	60	0.9	0.8	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	245	100	140	1.8	1.5	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	105	130	1.7	1.6	1.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,200	2,670	530	23.7	39.7	7.8
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	220	160	55	1.6	2.4	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	850	555	290	6.3	8.3	4.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	820	755	65	6.1	11.2	1.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,000	920	75	7.4	13.7	1.1
48. Precision production	295	265	25	2.2	3.9	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	100	110	1.6	1.5	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	90	85	1.3	1.3	1.3
Health and related fields	805	135	670	6.0	2.0	9.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	730	90	640	5.4	1.3	9.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,145	785	360	8.5	11.7	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	270	65	205	2.0	1.0	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	180	125	55	1.3	1.9	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	695	590	100	5.2	8.8	1.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	13,480	6,725	6,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,750	2,270	2,480	35.2	33.8	36.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,730	4,455	4,275	64.8	66.2	63.3
Location of study inside Canada	8,135	4,195	3,935	60.3	62.4	58.3
Same as province or territory of residence	6,320	3,325	2,990	46.9	49.4	44.3
Different than province or territory of residence	1,815	870	945	13.5	12.9	14.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	595	260	335	4.4	3.9	5.0
Americas	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
United States of America	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	50	35	0.7	0.7	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Africa	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	425	180	245	3.2	2.7	3.6
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	295	115	180	2.2	1.7	2.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	19,390	9,760	9,630	...	...	...
In the labour force	13,320	7,070	6,255	...	...	...
Employed	11,715	6,145	5,570	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,610	925	685	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,065	2,690	3,375	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.7	72.4	65.0	68.7	72.4	65.0
Employment rate	60.4	63.0	57.8	60.4	63.0	57.8
Unemployment rate	12.1	13.1	11.0	12.1	13.1	11.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	19,390	9,760	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,570	2,470	3,100	28.7	25.3	32.2
Worked	13,815	7,285	6,530	71.2	74.6	67.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,745	4,315	3,440	39.9	44.2	35.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,070	2,975	3,095	31.3	30.5	32.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	40.1	38.7	39.4	40.1	38.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	13,325	7,070	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	155	100	2.0	2.2	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,060	6,910	6,150	98.0	97.7	98.3
Employee	12,475	6,620	5,855	93.6	93.6	93.6
Permanent position	9,775	5,300	4,475	73.4	75.0	71.5
Temporary position	2,695	1,320	1,375	20.2	18.7	22.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	640	270	370	4.8	3.8	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,060	1,050	1,010	15.5	14.9	16.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	585	290	295	4.4	4.1	4.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	13,325	7,070	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	155	100	2.0	2.2	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,060	6,910	6,150	98.0	97.7	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	105	50	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,575	315	1,260	11.8	4.5	20.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	725	495	230	5.4	7.0	3.7
3 Health occupations	670	90	575	5.0	1.3	9.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,735	600	1,140	13.0	8.5	18.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	60	90	1.1	0.8	1.4
6 Sales and service occupations	3,005	960	2,045	22.6	13.6	32.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,690	3,295	390	27.7	46.6	6.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	895	685	210	6.7	9.7	3.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	515	365	145	3.9	5.2	2.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	13,325	7,070	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	155	100	2.0	2.2	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	13,060	6,910	6,150	98.0	97.7	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	305	225	80	2.3	3.2	1.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,575	1,950	625	19.3	27.6	10.0
22 Utilities	450	350	105	3.4	5.0	1.7
23 Construction	925	750	170	6.9	10.6	2.7
31-33 Manufacturing	405	250	160	3.0	3.5	2.6
41 Wholesale trade	340	220	125	2.6	3.1	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,375	585	785	10.3	8.3	12.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	635	430	200	4.8	6.1	3.2
51 Information and cultural industries	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
52 Finance and insurance	105	20	90	0.8	0.3	1.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	110	45	65	0.8	0.6	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	280	140	140	2.1	2.0	2.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	510	270	240	3.8	3.8	3.8
61 Educational services	695	130	560	5.2	1.8	9.0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,555	240	1,320	11.7	3.4	21.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120	55	60	0.9	0.8	1.0
72 Accommodation and food services	775	255	520	5.8	3.6	8.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	490	235	250	3.7	3.3	4.0
91 Public administration	1,345	710	640	10.1	10.0	10.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	14,695	7,690	7,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,540	7,250	6,290	92.1	94.3	89.8
French	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-official language	185	75	105	1.3	1.0	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	175	70	105	1.2	0.9	1.5
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	355	125	230	2.4	1.6	3.3
English and non-official language(s)	560	205	350	3.8	2.7	5.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	14,695	7,690	7,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,530	7,640	6,890	98.9	99.3	98.4
Official languages	14,135	7,475	6,660	96.2	97.2	95.1
English	14,050	7,435	6,615	95.6	96.7	94.4
French	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official languages	390	165	230	2.7	2.1	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	380	155	220	2.6	2.0	3.1
Algonquian languages	380	155	220	2.6	2.0	3.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	380	155	220	2.6	2.0	3.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	380	155	220	2.6	2.0	3.1
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	50	115	1.1	0.7	1.6
English and French	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	155	45	105	1.1	0.6	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	14,695	7,690	7,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,930	7,410	6,525	94.8	96.4	93.1
English	245	105	140	1.7	1.4	2.0
French	300	110	190	2.0	1.4	2.7
Non-official language	205	65	140	1.4	0.8	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	155	45	110	1.1	0.6	1.6
Non-Indigenous	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,715	6,145	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	670	240	435	5.7	3.9	7.8
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,145	845	295	9.8	13.8	5.3
Usual place of work	9,895	5,060	4,840	84.5	82.3	86.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	9,895	5,060	4,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,480	3,785	3,690	75.6	74.8	76.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,195	1,150	1,045	22.2	22.7	21.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	120	60	70	1.2	1.2	1.4
Commute to a different province or territory	95	65	30	1.0	1.3	0.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,040	5,905	5,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,925	5,270	4,650	89.9	89.2	90.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,235	5,005	4,225	83.7	84.8	82.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	690	265	425	6.3	4.5	8.3
Public transit	75	65	10	0.7	1.1	0.2
Walked	450	185	260	4.1	3.1	5.1
Bicycle	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other method	565	365	200	5.1	6.2	3.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,040	5,905	5,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,885	3,945	3,940	71.4	66.8	76.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,225	1,420	805	20.2	24.0	15.7
30 to 44 minutes	495	250	250	4.5	4.2	4.9
45 to 59 minutes	195	115	75	1.8	1.9	1.5
60 minutes and over	245	175	65	2.2	3.0	1.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,040	5,905	5,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	685	495	180	6.2	8.4	3.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,855	1,380	470	16.8	23.4	9.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,925	2,145	1,780	35.6	36.3	34.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,400	950	1,450	21.7	16.1	28.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,065	380	685	9.6	6.4	13.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,120	555	565	10.1	9.4	11.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,460	2,770	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	385	190	205	7.1	6.9	7.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,075	2,585	2,490	92.9	93.3	92.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,030	2,055	1,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	285	135	150	7.1	6.6	7.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	195	90	110	4.8	4.4	5.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	40	2.2	2.4	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,745	1,915	1,830	92.9	93.2	92.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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