Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Division No. 5, Census division (CDR)More information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	40,396	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	42,014	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 3.9	...	...	- 3.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	20,875	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	17,967	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10,293.76	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	40,400	19,625	20,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,055	2,675	2,375	12.5	13.6	11.4
0 to 4 years	1,380	705	675	3.4	3.6	3.2
5 to 9 years	1,745	935	815	4.3	4.8	3.9
10 to 14 years	1,925	1,035	890	4.8	5.3	4.3
15 to 64 years	24,715	11,920	12,800	61.2	60.7	61.6
15 to 19 years	2,085	1,040	1,050	5.2	5.3	5.1
20 to 24 years	2,000	990	1,010	5.0	5.0	4.9
25 to 29 years	1,880	930	950	4.7	4.7	4.6
30 to 34 years	2,000	945	1,055	5.0	4.8	5.1
35 to 39 years	2,105	995	1,110	5.2	5.1	5.3
40 to 44 years	2,345	1,125	1,210	5.8	5.7	5.8
45 to 49 years	2,550	1,175	1,370	6.3	6.0	6.6
50 to 54 years	2,870	1,395	1,475	7.1	7.1	7.1
55 to 59 years	3,430	1,660	1,765	8.5	8.5	8.5
60 to 64 years	3,460	1,660	1,800	8.6	8.5	8.7
65 years and over	10,625	5,030	5,590	26.3	25.6	26.9
65 to 69 years	3,390	1,655	1,735	8.4	8.4	8.4
70 to 74 years	3,045	1,480	1,565	7.5	7.5	7.5
75 to 79 years	1,985	945	1,040	4.9	4.8	5.0
80 to 84 years	1,220	555	670	3.0	2.8	3.2
85 years and over	980	395	585	2.4	2.0	2.8
85 to 89 years	680	305	370	1.7	1.6	1.8
90 to 94 years	260	80	180	0.6	0.4	0.9
95 to 99 years	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.5	13.6	11.4	12.5	13.6	11.4
15 to 64 years	61.2	60.7	61.6	61.2	60.7	61.6
65 years and over	26.3	25.6	26.9	26.3	25.6	26.9
85 years and over	2.4	2.0	2.8	2.4	2.0	2.8
Average age of the population	46.9	46.1	47.6	46.9	46.1	47.6
Median age of the population	50.4	49.6	50.8	50.4	49.6	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	17,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	13,465	...	...	74.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	600	...	...	3.3	...	...
Row house	480	...	...	2.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,015	...	...	11.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,240	...	...	6.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	85	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,220	...	...	29.1	...	...
2 persons	7,410	...	...	41.2	...	...
3 persons	2,805	...	...	15.6	...	...
4 persons	1,845	...	...	10.3	...	...
5 or more persons	695	...	...	3.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	39,525	19,225	20,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	35,340	16,955	18,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	21,070	10,525	10,545	59.6	62.1	57.3
Married	17,475	8,735	8,745	49.4	51.5	47.6
Living common-law	3,590	1,790	1,805	10.2	10.6	9.8
Living common law - Never married	2,650	1,325	1,330	7.5	7.8	7.2
Living common law - Separated	105	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	730	370	360	2.1	2.2	2.0
Living common law - Widowed	110	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	14,270	6,425	7,840	40.4	37.9	42.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	8,690	4,515	4,175	24.6	26.6	22.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	740	320	420	2.1	1.9	2.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,265	960	1,305	6.4	5.7	7.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,580	635	1,940	7.3	3.7	10.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	12,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,605	...	...	61.3	...	...
3 persons	2,685	...	...	21.7	...	...
4 persons	1,675	...	...	13.5	...	...
5 or more persons	440	...	...	3.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	12,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	10,350	...	...	83.4	...	...
Married couples	8,550	...	...	68.9	...	...
With children⁶	3,340	...	...	26.9	...	...
Without children	5,210	...	...	42.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,800	...	...	14.5	...	...
With children⁶	745	...	...	6.0	...	...
Without children	1,055	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,055	...	...	16.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,630	...	...	13.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	430	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	39,525	19,225	20,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	32,270	15,965	16,305	81.6	83.0	80.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	20,695	10,335	10,355	52.4	53.8	51.0
Parents in one-parent families	2,055	425	1,630	5.2	2.2	8.0
Children⁶	9,515	5,195	4,320	24.1	27.0	21.3
In a two-parent family	6,550	3,580	2,970	16.6	18.6	14.6
In a one-parent family	2,965	1,615	1,345	7.5	8.4	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,260	3,260	4,000	18.4	17.0	19.7
Living alone	5,215	2,265	2,950	13.2	11.8	14.5
Living with other relatives⁷	735	295	445	1.9	1.5	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	1,310	700	610	3.3	3.6	3.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	11,265	...	...	62.7	...	...
Couple-family households	9,610	...	...	53.5	...	...
With children⁶	3,785	...	...	21.1	...	...
Without children	5,825	...	...	32.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,650	...	...	9.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	390	...	...	2.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	440	...	...	2.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	610	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	5,215	...	...	29.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	34,480	16,550	17,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,465	16,060	17,400	97.1	97.0	97.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,200	31,800	36,000	41,200	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,475	16,070	17,410	97.1	97.1	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	36,400	29,000	32,400	36,400	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,090	13,580	13,510	78.6	82.1	75.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	33,600	25,400	29,400	33,600	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,630	10,840	10,790	62.7	65.5	60.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	34,400	26,600	30,200	34,400	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,280	12,985	15,295	82.0	78.5	85.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,300	15,700	13,200	14,300	15,700	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,520	4,155	3,365	21.8	25.1	18.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,900	10,900	7,000	8,900	10,900	7,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,415	4,040	4,375	24.4	24.4	24.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	34,465	16,580	17,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,515	16,100	17,415	97.2	97.1	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	51,040	38,280	44,400	51,040	38,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,530	16,105	17,430	97.3	97.1	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,480	42,200	33,160	37,480	42,200	33,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,270	13,655	13,620	79.1	82.4	76.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,760	46,160	33,320	39,760	46,160	33,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,635	10,845	10,785	62.8	65.4	60.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,560	34,200	40,400	46,560	34,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,510	13,075	15,435	82.7	78.9	86.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,180	14,680	13,760	14,180	14,680	13,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,670	4,240	3,425	22.3	25.6	19.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,180	11,180	8,950	10,180	11,180	8,950
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,440	3,920	4,525	24.5	23.6	25.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,390	8,040	8,690	8,390	8,040	8,690
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	34,470	16,580	17,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,095	4,470	4,625	26.4	27.0	25.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	64,000	50,400	56,000	64,000	50,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,950	71,400	56,750	63,950	71,400	56,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,550	4,875	4,675	27.7	29.4	26.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	21,000	13,900	16,200	21,000	13,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,360	32,600	19,840	26,360	32,600	19,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.8	76.6	68.2	72.8	76.6	68.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.7	61.4	55.4	58.7	61.4	55.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.2	23.3	31.9	27.2	23.3	31.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	5.3	5.8	4.6	5.3	5.8	4.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	4.4	7.1	5.6	4.4	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	3.8	5.9	4.8	3.8	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	34,480	16,555	17,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,015	490	525	2.9	3.0	2.9
With total income	33,460	16,065	17,400	97.0	97.0	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,620	1,015	1,600	7.8	6.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	4,775	1,700	3,080	14.3	10.6	17.7
$20,000 to $29,999	6,155	2,690	3,465	18.4	16.7	19.9
$30,000 to $39,999	5,110	2,365	2,735	15.3	14.7	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	4,330	2,180	2,150	12.9	13.6	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	3,115	1,655	1,460	9.3	10.3	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,955	1,115	845	5.8	6.9	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,365	855	510	4.1	5.3	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,105	650	460	3.3	4.0	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	900	475	425	2.7	3.0	2.4
$100,000 and over	2,040	1,365	675	6.1	8.5	3.9
$100,000 to $149,999	1,485	945	535	4.4	5.9	3.1
$150,000 and over	560	420	140	1.7	2.6	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	34,480	16,555	17,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,000	485	520	2.9	2.9	2.9
With after-tax income	33,480	16,065	17,410	97.1	97.0	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,760	1,040	1,715	8.2	6.5	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	4,990	1,790	3,200	14.9	11.1	18.4
$20,000 to $29,999	7,465	3,330	4,135	22.3	20.7	23.8
$30,000 to $39,999	5,880	2,885	2,995	17.6	18.0	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	4,765	2,460	2,305	14.2	15.3	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,705	1,575	1,130	8.1	9.8	6.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,765	1,070	700	5.3	6.7	4.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,245	640	600	3.7	4.0	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	715	435	275	2.1	2.7	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	400	260	135	1.2	1.6	0.8
$100,000 and over	790	575	210	2.4	3.6	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	435	315	120	1.3	2.0	0.7
$125,000 and over	360	265	95	1.1	1.6	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	34,480	16,555	17,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,845	5,715	7,135	37.3	34.5	39.8
With employment income	21,630	10,835	10,795	62.7	65.4	60.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,400	1,525	1,870	15.7	14.1	17.3
$5,000 to $9,999	1,880	820	1,055	8.7	7.6	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	2,975	1,355	1,620	13.8	12.5	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,470	1,190	1,280	11.4	11.0	11.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,175	1,055	1,125	10.1	9.7	10.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,020	985	1,030	9.3	9.1	9.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,555	775	785	7.2	7.2	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	635	440	4.9	5.9	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	940	570	365	4.3	5.3	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	825	475	350	3.8	4.4	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	730	360	375	3.4	3.3	3.5
$100,000 and over	1,590	1,095	490	7.4	10.1	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	865	530	330	4.0	4.9	3.1
$125,000 and over	725	560	165	3.4	5.2	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	34,480	16,550	17,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,945	15,785	17,160	95.5	95.4	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,200	28,800	34,400	41,200	28,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,965	15,790	17,180	95.6	95.4	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	36,400	26,600	31,000	36,400	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,135	13,585	13,550	78.7	82.1	75.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,800	36,000	26,200	30,800	36,000	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,055	11,020	11,035	64.0	66.6	61.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,000	27,200	31,800	38,000	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,950	11,705	14,245	75.3	70.7	79.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,900	13,700	10,600	11,900	13,700	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,270	4,040	3,230	21.1	24.4	18.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	11,100	8,400	9,900	11,100	8,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	34,465	16,580	17,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,970	15,815	17,150	95.7	95.4	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,480	50,880	36,640	43,480	50,880	36,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,995	15,815	17,180	95.7	95.4	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	41,600	31,600	36,400	41,600	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,215	13,595	13,615	79.0	82.0	76.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,320	48,280	34,320	41,320	48,280	34,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,990	10,935	11,050	63.8	66.0	61.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,160	49,320	35,040	42,160	49,320	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,160	11,835	14,325	75.9	71.4	80.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,840	12,540	11,260	11,840	12,540	11,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,235	3,950	3,280	21.0	23.8	18.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,670	11,530	9,630	10,670	11,530	9,630
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	34,470	16,580	17,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,020	4,445	4,580	26.2	26.8	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	61,600	50,000	55,200	61,600	50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,350	69,000	55,850	62,350	69,000	55,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,000	4,600	4,395	26.1	27.7	24.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	27,800	16,800	21,000	27,800	16,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,920	41,400	24,020	32,920	41,400	24,020
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.4	81.6	74.4	78.4	81.6	74.4
Employment income (%)	64.6	67.0	61.6	64.6	67.0	61.6
Government transfers (%)	21.6	18.4	25.7	21.6	18.4	25.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	5.4	5.7	5.0	5.4	5.7	5.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	17,965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,600	...	...	31,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,000	...	...	29,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	12,750	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	17,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,800	...	...	82,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,480	...	...	40,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,120	...	...	35,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	12,765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,100	...	...	100,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	1.0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	310	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	365	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,140	...	...	6.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	800	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	910	...	...	5.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,070	...	...	6.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	825	...	...	4.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	800	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,500	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,295	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,195	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	985	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,280	...	...	29.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,855	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,295	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,345	...	...	7.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	785	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	1.0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	320	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	385	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,225	...	...	6.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	955	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,000	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,180	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,005	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	925	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,730	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,555	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,475	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,185	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	985	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,755	...	...	20.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,730	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,055	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	970	...	...	5.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	12,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,900	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,525	2,970	3,555	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	34,400	29,000	31,400	34,400	29,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	31,400	27,600	28,800	31,400	27,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	12,275	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...	99,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,900	...	...	83,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,800	...	...	85,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...	72,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,600	...	...	138,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,900	...	...	113,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,910	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,750	...	...	59,750	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,545	2,900	3,640	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	43,640	37,080	40,000	43,640	37,080
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,680	37,000	32,840	34,680	37,000	32,840
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	39,530	19,220	20,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,255	3,275	2,980	15.8	17.0	14.7
0 to 5 years	1,700	875	825	4.3	4.6	4.1
18 to 64 years	23,275	11,185	12,095	58.9	58.2	59.6
65 years and over	9,995	4,760	5,230	25.3	24.8	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,215	2,720	3,495	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,035	555	485	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	305	155	150	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,760	1,200	1,560	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,415	960	1,455	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.7	14.1	17.2	15.7	14.1	17.2
0 to 17 years (%)	16.6	17.0	16.1	16.6	17.0	16.1
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	17.6	18.0	18.0	17.6	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.9	10.7	12.9	11.9	10.7	12.9
65 years and over (%)	24.2	20.2	27.8	24.2	20.2	27.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	39,525	19,225	20,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,260	3,280	2,980	15.8	17.1	14.7
0 to 5 years	1,695	880	820	4.3	4.6	4.0
18 to 64 years	23,280	11,185	12,090	58.9	58.2	59.5
65 years and over	9,990	4,760	5,230	25.3	24.8	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,330	620	710	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	170	85	90	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,060	500	560	...	...	...
65 years and over	95	30	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.2	3.5	3.4	3.2	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	2.6	3.0	2.8	2.6	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.9	2.8	3.0	2.9	2.8	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.6	4.5	4.6
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.6	1.2	0.9	0.6	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	39,530	19,220	20,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	23,855	11,260	12,595	60.3	58.6	62.0
In bottom decile	4,630	2,020	2,610	11.7	10.5	12.9
In second decile	5,925	2,700	3,220	15.0	14.0	15.9
In third decile	4,760	2,335	2,425	12.0	12.1	11.9
In fourth decile	4,420	2,170	2,250	11.2	11.3	11.1
In fifth decile	4,125	2,035	2,090	10.4	10.6	10.3
In top half of the distribution	15,670	7,965	7,710	39.6	41.4	38.0
In sixth decile	4,170	2,095	2,075	10.5	10.9	10.2
In seventh decile	3,645	1,840	1,810	9.2	9.6	8.9
In eighth decile	3,335	1,710	1,625	8.4	8.9	8.0
In ninth decile	2,770	1,425	1,340	7.0	7.4	6.6
In top decile	1,750	895	860	4.4	4.7	4.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	39,525	...	...	39,525	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.313	...	...	0.313	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.481	...	...	0.481	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	39,840	19,400	20,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	38,335	18,755	19,575	96.2	96.7	95.8
French only	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,480	625	850	3.7	3.2	4.2
Neither English nor French	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	39,840	19,400	20,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	39,685	19,315	20,365	99.6	99.6	99.6
French	120	65	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	39,840	19,400	20,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	39,670	19,325	20,350	99.6	99.6	99.6
Official languages	39,155	19,055	20,100	98.3	98.2	98.3
English	39,020	18,980	20,040	97.9	97.8	98.0
French	135	75	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Non-official languages	515	270	250	1.3	1.4	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	515	270	250	1.3	1.4	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	30	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	285	160	125	0.7	0.8	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	85	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	135	85	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	170	80	95	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and French	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	95	50	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	39,840	19,400	20,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	39,060	19,025	20,035	98.0	98.1	98.0
French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-official language	145	75	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	145	75	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and French	160	65	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	420	205	220	1.1	1.1	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	39,840	19,400	20,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	39,710	19,345	20,370	99.7	99.7	99.7
Official languages	39,420	19,190	20,230	98.9	98.9	99.0
English	39,385	19,175	20,210	98.9	98.8	98.9
French	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	295	155	140	0.7	0.8	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	155	140	0.7	0.8	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	165	95	75	0.4	0.5	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	75	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	110	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	130	55	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	39,840	19,400	20,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	39,340	19,160	20,180	98.7	98.8	98.7
English	140	65	75	0.4	0.3	0.4
French	130	50	80	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	185	90	95	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	90	90	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	39,525	19,250	20,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	39,510	19,240	20,275	100.0	99.9	100.0
English	39,505	19,230	20,275	99.9	99.9	100.0
French	1,485	655	830	3.8	3.4	4.1
Non-official languages	860	470	385	2.2	2.4	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	830	465	370	2.1	2.4	1.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	45	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	45	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	45	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	115	55	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	50	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	445	260	185	1.1	1.4	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	55	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Norwegian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	105	45	0.4	0.5	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	140	105	40	0.4	0.5	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	70	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	85	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	39,530	19,250	20,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10,120	4,790	5,325	25.6	24.9	26.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	9,050	4,215	4,835	22.9	21.9	23.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	8,155	3,775	4,385	20.6	19.6	21.6
Métis	600	315	290	1.5	1.6	1.4
Inuk (Inuit)	295	130	165	0.7	0.7	0.8
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	165	85	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	905	485	415	2.3	2.5	2.0
Non-Indigenous identity	29,410	14,460	14,950	74.4	75.1	73.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	39,530	19,250	20,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	6,800	3,170	3,625	17.2	16.5	17.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	32,725	16,080	16,645	82.8	83.5	82.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	13,140	...	...	73.1	...	...
Renter	4,835	...	...	26.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	325	...	...	1.8	...	...
Not condominium	17,645	...	...	98.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,265	...	...	7.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,460	...	...	24.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,990	...	...	44.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,220	...	...	23.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,205	...	...	17.8	...	...
5 rooms	2,810	...	...	15.6	...	...
6 rooms	3,000	...	...	16.7	...	...
7 rooms	2,705	...	...	15.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,255	...	...	34.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,920	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	17,690	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	280	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,895	...	...	21.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,190	...	...	34.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,335	...	...	13.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,005	...	...	11.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	775	...	...	4.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,085	...	...	6.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	960	...	...	5.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	710	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	16,925	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,045	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,965	...	...	49.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	8,525	...	...	47.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	480	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	560	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,875	...	...	10.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,315	...	...	12.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,035	...	...	16.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,880	...	...	21.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,770	...	...	21.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,925	...	...	10.7	...	...
85 years and over	605	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	17,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	15,080	...	...	84.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,850	...	...	15.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,640	...	...	14.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	17,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,910	...	...	21.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,605	...	...	14.5	...	...
Not suitable only	250	...	...	1.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	795	...	...	4.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	235	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	14,060	...	...	78.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	17,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,145	...	...	6.5	...	...
Not in core need	16,580	...	...	93.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,135	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.8	...	...	48.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,006	...	...	1,006	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...	220,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	237,200	...	...	237,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,830	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	24.9	...	...	24.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.0	...	...	33.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.7	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	881	...	...	881	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	39,525	19,255	20,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	6,530	3,075	3,460	16.5	16.0	17.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	6,480	3,040	3,435	16.4	15.8	16.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	6,085	2,825	3,265	15.4	14.7	16.1
Métis single ancestry	200	110	85	0.5	0.6	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	190	105	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	55	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	5,545	2,610	2,930	14.0	13.6	14.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	5,400	2,535	2,865	13.7	13.2	14.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	4,940	2,305	2,635	12.5	12.0	13.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	205	115	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	255	110	145	0.6	0.6	0.7
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	145	80	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	27,450	13,565	13,885	69.4	70.4	68.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	39,525	19,255	20,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	39,045	18,965	20,075	98.8	98.5	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,255	3,275	2,980	15.8	17.0	14.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,790	15,690	17,095	83.0	81.5	84.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	485	285	200	1.2	1.5	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	39,525	19,255	20,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	38,580	18,730	19,850	97.6	97.3	97.9
Immigrants⁸¹	775	415	360	2.0	2.2	1.8
Before 1980	245	130	120	0.6	0.7	0.6
1980 to 1990	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
2001 to 2010	145	80	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	280	145	130	0.7	0.8	0.6
2011 to 2015	90	55	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
2016 to 2021	190	95	95	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	175	105	70	0.4	0.5	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	775	415	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	100	60	45	12.9	14.5	12.5
5 to 14 years	140	75	65	18.1	18.1	18.1
15 to 24 years	155	70	85	20.0	16.9	23.6
25 to 44 years	315	165	150	40.6	39.8	41.7
45 years and over	65	45	25	8.4	10.8	6.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	775	415	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	125	70	55	16.1	16.9	15.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	1.3	2.4	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	75	45	30	9.7	10.8	8.3
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	1.9	0.0	4.2
Europe	320	175	150	41.3	42.2	41.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	15	1.9	0.0	4.2
Poland	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	10	0	1.3	2.4	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	160	90	65	20.6	21.7	18.1
Other places of birth in Europe	75	45	30	9.7	10.8	8.3
Africa	55	30	25	7.1	7.2	6.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	15	15	3.2	3.6	4.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	3.2	2.4	4.2
Asia	270	140	130	34.8	33.7	36.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	15	2.6	2.4	4.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	100	45	50	12.9	10.8	13.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.8
India	60	40	20	7.7	9.6	5.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	20	20	5.2	4.8	5.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	185	95	95	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	15	10	10.8	15.8	10.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	5.4	10.5	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	5.4	10.5	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	145	70	75	78.4	73.7	78.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	75	35	45	40.5	36.8	47.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	5.4	0.0	10.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	39,525	19,250	20,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,045	565	480	2.6	2.9	2.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,305	710	595	3.3	3.7	2.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	37,175	17,975	19,205	94.1	93.4	94.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	530	285	240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355	185	170	67.0	64.9	70.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	150	85	65	28.3	29.8	27.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	210	100	110	39.6	35.1	45.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	130	75	50	24.5	26.3	20.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	20	15	6.6	7.0	6.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	530	285	240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	150	85	65	28.3	29.8	27.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	25	20	8.5	8.8	8.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	50	15	11.3	17.5	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	255	120	130	48.1	42.1	54.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	39,530	19,250	20,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	725	420	305	1.8	2.2	1.5
South Asian	205	135	60	0.5	0.7	0.3
Chinese	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Black	165	95	70	0.4	0.5	0.3
Filipino	125	50	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Arab	70	60	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Latin American	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	38,805	18,835	19,970	98.2	97.8	98.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	39,525	19,250	20,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,850	4,235	4,620	22.4	22.0	22.8
English	13,420	6,505	6,910	34.0	33.8	34.1
Irish	6,290	3,005	3,280	15.9	15.6	16.2
Scottish	2,910	1,485	1,430	7.4	7.7	7.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,555	1,175	1,385	6.5	6.1	6.8
German	760	360	400	1.9	1.9	2.0
Chinese	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	180	100	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
Indian (India)	150	95	50	0.4	0.5	0.2
Ukrainian	50	10	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	155	65	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Polish	140	50	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Québécois	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,915	945	970	4.8	4.9	4.8
Filipino	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
French Canadian	65	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,525	735	790	3.9	3.8	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	2,970	1,360	1,615	7.5	7.1	8.0
Métis	550	320	230	1.4	1.7	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	605	315	295	1.5	1.6	1.5
Russian	60	10	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Norwegian	140	80	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
Welsh	405	215	185	1.0	1.1	0.9
Portuguese	125	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	180	100	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Spanish	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Swedish	110	40	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hungarian	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	105	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	80	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	120	85	30	0.3	0.4	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	100	60	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Danish	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	840	405	435	2.1	2.1	2.1
Sikh	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swiss	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	4,620	2,185	2,430	11.7	11.4	12.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	125	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	50	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	2,180	1,035	1,145	5.5	5.4	5.6
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	460	230	235	1.2	1.2	1.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	115	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	2,605	1,170	1,435	6.6	6.1	7.1
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	39,530	19,250	20,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	32,900	15,630	17,270	83.2	81.2	85.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,160	590	575	2.9	3.1	2.8
Anabaptist	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	12,070	5,865	6,205	30.5	30.5	30.6
Baptist	145	50	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catholic	9,590	4,550	5,045	24.3	23.6	24.9
Christian Orthodox	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	150	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	2,395	1,145	1,250	6.1	5.9	6.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	2,785	1,270	1,515	7.0	6.6	7.5
Presbyterian	40	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	4,165	1,870	2,295	10.5	9.7	11.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	290	145	145	0.7	0.8	0.7
Hindu	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	90	55	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	85	70	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	6,275	3,430	2,850	15.9	17.8	14.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	39,230	19,130	20,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	35,710	17,370	18,340	91.0	90.8	91.2
Movers	3,520	1,760	1,760	9.0	9.2	8.8
Non-migrants	1,980	945	1,035	5.0	4.9	5.1
Migrants	1,540	810	725	3.9	4.2	3.6
Internal migrants	1,475	775	700	3.8	4.1	3.5
Intraprovincial migrants	925	460	470	2.4	2.4	2.3
Interprovincial migrants	550	310	235	1.4	1.6	1.2
External migrants	65	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	38,155	18,580	19,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,255	12,845	13,415	68.8	69.1	68.5
Movers	11,900	5,735	6,160	31.2	30.9	31.5
Non-migrants	4,515	2,200	2,315	11.8	11.8	11.8
Migrants	7,380	3,540	3,845	19.3	19.1	19.6
Internal migrants	7,040	3,330	3,710	18.5	17.9	19.0
Intraprovincial migrants	5,225	2,415	2,805	13.7	13.0	14.3
Interprovincial migrants	1,815	910	900	4.8	4.9	4.6
External migrants	345	205	135	0.9	1.1	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	34,465	16,580	17,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,575	3,815	3,760	22.0	23.0	21.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	26,890	12,760	14,130	78.0	77.0	79.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,430	9,740	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,805	1,540	1,260	13.7	15.8	11.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,630	8,195	9,430	86.3	84.1	88.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	34,465	16,580	17,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,925	3,350	3,570	20.1	20.2	20.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,865	4,750	5,110	28.6	28.6	28.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,680	8,475	9,200	51.3	51.1	51.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,595	6,370	6,225	36.5	38.4	34.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,790	2,785	1,000	11.0	16.8	5.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,810	1,010	800	5.3	6.1	4.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,985	1,780	205	5.8	10.7	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,175	3,280	4,895	23.7	19.8	27.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	630	300	325	1.8	1.8	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,085	2,110	2,975	14.8	12.7	16.6
Bachelor's degree	3,480	1,425	2,055	10.1	8.6	11.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	60	140	0.6	0.4	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	85	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	1,085	430	655	3.1	2.6	3.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	175	115	60	0.5	0.7	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,435	9,735	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,385	1,240	1,140	11.7	12.7	10.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,185	2,545	2,640	25.4	26.1	24.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,865	5,955	6,915	63.0	61.2	64.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,020	4,490	4,530	44.1	46.1	42.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,510	1,830	680	12.3	18.8	6.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,250	695	550	6.1	7.1	5.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,265	1,135	125	6.2	11.7	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,120	2,450	3,665	29.9	25.2	34.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	390	205	185	1.9	2.1	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,850	1,470	2,385	18.8	15.1	22.3
Bachelor's degree	2,610	1,005	1,605	12.8	10.3	15.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	25	95	0.6	0.3	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	65	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	845	275	575	4.1	2.8	5.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	150	100	55	0.7	1.0	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	34,465	16,575	17,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	16,785	8,105	8,685	48.7	48.9	48.6
Education	1,445	495	950	4.2	3.0	5.3
13. Education	1,445	495	950	4.2	3.0	5.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	110	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	220	100	120	0.6	0.6	0.7
Humanities	440	215	225	1.3	1.3	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	115	45	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	45	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	40	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,090	320	775	3.2	1.9	4.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	20	250	0.8	0.1	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	110	35	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	345	110	240	1.0	0.7	1.3
45. Social sciences	305	145	165	0.9	0.9	0.9
Business, management and public administration	3,600	735	2,860	10.4	4.4	16.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	25	140	0.5	0.2	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,430	715	2,720	10.0	4.3	15.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	370	180	190	1.1	1.1	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	95	70	0.5	0.6	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	485	230	250	1.4	1.4	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	395	200	195	1.1	1.2	1.1
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,320	3,990	330	12.5	24.1	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
14. Engineering	290	265	25	0.8	1.6	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,050	835	210	3.0	5.0	1.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,405	1,355	50	4.1	8.2	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,200	1,170	30	3.5	7.1	0.2
48. Precision production	365	355	10	1.1	2.1	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	720	455	255	2.1	2.7	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	165	30	135	0.5	0.2	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	555	425	125	1.6	2.6	0.7
Health and related fields	3,085	485	2,600	9.0	2.9	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,965	420	2,545	8.6	2.5	14.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,885	1,250	630	5.5	7.5	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	715	140	575	2.1	0.8	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	200	185	15	0.6	1.1	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	955	910	40	2.8	5.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,430	9,740	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,565	3,780	3,780	37.0	38.8	35.3
Education	815	260	555	4.0	2.7	5.2
13. Education	815	260	555	4.0	2.7	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	85	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	170	75	100	0.8	0.8	0.9
Humanities	310	130	175	1.5	1.3	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	90	40	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
54. History	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	870	220	645	4.3	2.3	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	215	15	205	1.1	0.2	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	85	25	60	0.4	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	265	65	200	1.3	0.7	1.9
45. Social sciences	250	105	145	1.2	1.1	1.4
Business, management and public administration	2,710	530	2,185	13.3	5.4	20.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	15	115	0.6	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,575	515	2,065	12.6	5.3	19.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	285	140	140	1.4	1.4	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	80	55	0.7	0.8	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	390	200	185	1.9	2.1	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	330	185	150	1.6	1.9	1.4
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,000	2,695	300	14.7	27.7	2.8
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
14. Engineering	210	185	25	1.0	1.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	865	660	205	4.2	6.8	1.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	960	920	40	4.7	9.4	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	690	670	20	3.4	6.9	0.2
48. Precision production	255	250	0	1.2	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	555	330	225	2.7	3.4	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135	15	110	0.7	0.2	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	430	315	110	2.1	3.2	1.0
Health and related fields	2,345	385	1,960	11.5	4.0	18.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,240	330	1,905	11.0	3.4	17.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,415	970	440	6.9	10.0	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	515	100	410	2.5	1.0	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	180	165	15	0.9	1.7	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	710	695	20	3.5	7.1	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	20,430	9,740	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,565	3,780	3,780	37.0	38.8	35.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,870	5,955	6,910	63.0	61.1	64.6
Location of study inside Canada	12,530	5,780	6,745	61.3	59.3	63.1
Same as province or territory of residence	10,275	4,715	5,565	50.3	48.4	52.0
Different than province or territory of residence	2,250	1,065	1,185	11.0	10.9	11.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	340	175	165	1.7	1.8	1.5
Americas	90	60	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
United States of America	80	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	55	40	0.4	0.6	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Africa	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	130	50	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	34,465	16,580	17,890	...	...	...
In the labour force	18,535	9,255	9,280	...	...	...
Employed	15,730	7,560	8,170	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,805	1,695	1,110	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	15,930	7,325	8,610	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.8	55.8	51.9	53.8	55.8	51.9
Employment rate	45.6	45.6	45.7	45.6	45.6	45.7
Unemployment rate	15.1	18.3	12.0	15.1	18.3	12.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	34,465	16,575	17,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	15,270	6,980	8,290	44.3	42.1	46.4
Worked	19,190	9,600	9,595	55.7	57.9	53.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,220	4,525	4,695	26.8	27.3	26.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,975	5,075	4,900	28.9	30.6	27.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.9	37.0	38.7	37.9	37.0	38.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	18,540	9,260	9,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	525	300	230	2.8	3.2	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	18,015	8,960	9,055	97.2	96.8	97.6
Employee	16,685	8,185	8,500	90.0	88.4	91.6
Permanent position	11,800	5,615	6,185	63.6	60.6	66.6
Temporary position	4,885	2,565	2,315	26.3	27.7	24.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	790	370	415	4.3	4.0	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	4,090	2,200	1,895	22.1	23.8	20.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,325	775	555	7.1	8.4	6.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	18,540	9,260	9,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	525	300	230	2.8	3.2	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	18,015	8,960	9,055	97.2	96.8	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	110	65	40	0.6	0.7	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,255	555	1,700	12.2	6.0	18.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	835	665	170	4.5	7.2	1.8
3 Health occupations	2,010	320	1,690	10.8	3.5	18.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,735	840	1,900	14.8	9.1	20.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	320	155	165	1.7	1.7	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	4,970	2,030	2,940	26.8	21.9	31.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,515	3,325	190	19.0	35.9	2.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	560	475	90	3.0	5.1	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	700	535	165	3.8	5.8	1.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	18,540	9,260	9,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	525	300	230	2.8	3.2	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	18,015	8,960	9,055	97.2	96.8	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	585	425	155	3.2	4.6	1.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	350	335	20	1.9	3.6	0.2
22 Utilities	115	115	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
23 Construction	1,545	1,340	200	8.3	14.5	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	880	695	185	4.7	7.5	2.0
41 Wholesale trade	435	325	110	2.3	3.5	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	2,865	1,305	1,565	15.5	14.1	16.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	805	645	165	4.3	7.0	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	190	105	80	1.0	1.1	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	305	110	195	1.6	1.2	2.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	110	60	0.9	1.2	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	555	295	260	3.0	3.2	2.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	430	260	170	2.3	2.8	1.8
61 Educational services	1,475	550	925	8.0	5.9	10.0
62 Health care and social assistance	3,745	670	3,075	20.2	7.2	33.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	260	135	125	1.4	1.5	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	1,195	450	740	6.4	4.9	8.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	780	320	455	4.2	3.5	4.9
91 Public administration	1,315	760	560	7.1	8.2	6.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	20,540	10,285	10,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,385	10,220	10,160	99.2	99.4	99.1
French	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	135	60	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	20,540	10,285	10,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,530	10,285	10,245	100.0	100.0	99.9
Official languages	20,530	10,285	10,245	100.0	100.0	99.9
English	20,485	10,270	10,215	99.7	99.9	99.6
French	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	20,540	10,285	10,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,400	10,225	10,175	99.3	99.4	99.2
English	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
French	95	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	15,730	7,560	8,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,260	520	740	8.0	6.9	9.1
Worked outside Canada	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	2,255	1,575	680	14.3	20.8	8.3
Usual place of work	12,180	5,440	6,740	77.4	72.0	82.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,180	5,440	6,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,290	3,135	4,155	59.9	57.6	61.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,945	1,705	2,245	32.4	31.3	33.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	745	430	315	6.1	7.9	4.7
Commute to a different province or territory	200	170	30	1.6	3.1	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	14,435	7,010	7,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	13,075	6,240	6,835	90.6	89.0	92.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,790	5,740	6,050	81.7	81.9	81.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,290	500	785	8.9	7.1	10.6
Public transit	85	60	25	0.6	0.9	0.3
Walked	840	355	490	5.8	5.1	6.6
Bicycle	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other method	415	350	70	2.9	5.0	0.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	14,435	7,010	7,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,485	3,895	4,595	58.8	55.6	61.9
15 to 29 minutes	3,610	1,790	1,820	25.0	25.5	24.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,270	615	650	8.8	8.8	8.8
45 to 59 minutes	390	210	185	2.7	3.0	2.5
60 minutes and over	675	500	175	4.7	7.1	2.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	14,435	7,010	7,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	605	475	130	4.2	6.8	1.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,700	1,165	530	11.8	16.6	7.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,395	2,320	2,080	30.4	33.1	28.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,245	1,725	2,520	29.4	24.6	34.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,755	545	1,210	12.2	7.8	16.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,740	780	960	12.1	11.1	12.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,390	3,345	3,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	80	75	2.4	2.4	2.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,230	3,265	2,965	97.5	97.6	97.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,895	2,575	2,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	70	55	2.5	2.7	2.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	25	20	1.0	1.0	0.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	40	35	1.4	1.6	1.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,770	2,510	2,260	97.4	97.5	97.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table