Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	D'Autray, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	44,080	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	42,189	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	21,395	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	19,555	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	35.7	...	...	35.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,234.67	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	44,080	22,320	21,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,990	3,540	3,445	15.9	15.9	15.8
0 to 4 years	2,250	1,145	1,110	5.1	5.1	5.1
5 to 9 years	2,350	1,190	1,155	5.3	5.3	5.3
10 to 14 years	2,395	1,205	1,185	5.4	5.4	5.4
15 to 64 years	26,915	13,805	13,110	61.1	61.9	60.2
15 to 19 years	1,880	975	905	4.3	4.4	4.2
20 to 24 years	1,885	995	885	4.3	4.5	4.1
25 to 29 years	2,360	1,205	1,160	5.4	5.4	5.3
30 to 34 years	2,610	1,335	1,275	5.9	6.0	5.9
35 to 39 years	2,525	1,320	1,205	5.7	5.9	5.5
40 to 44 years	2,605	1,330	1,270	5.9	6.0	5.8
45 to 49 years	2,375	1,250	1,125	5.4	5.6	5.2
50 to 54 years	2,855	1,415	1,440	6.5	6.3	6.6
55 to 59 years	3,750	1,910	1,840	8.5	8.6	8.5
60 to 64 years	4,075	2,085	1,995	9.2	9.3	9.2
65 years and over	10,175	4,970	5,205	23.1	22.3	23.9
65 to 69 years	3,370	1,740	1,630	7.6	7.8	7.5
70 to 74 years	2,750	1,380	1,360	6.2	6.2	6.2
75 to 79 years	1,980	965	1,015	4.5	4.3	4.7
80 to 84 years	1,115	545	570	2.5	2.4	2.6
85 years and over	960	335	630	2.2	1.5	2.9
85 to 89 years	615	225	390	1.4	1.0	1.8
90 to 94 years	275	95	175	0.6	0.4	0.8
95 to 99 years	65	15	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	15.9	15.8	15.9	15.9	15.8
15 to 64 years	61.1	61.9	60.2	61.1	61.9	60.2
65 years and over	23.1	22.3	23.9	23.1	22.3	23.9
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	2.9	2.2	1.5	2.9
Average age of the population	44.8	44.3	45.2	44.8	44.3	45.2
Median age of the population	47.6	46.8	48.0	47.6	46.8	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	14,730	...	...	75.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	615	...	...	3.1	...	...
Row house	215	...	...	1.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	940	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,615	...	...	13.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	250	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	6,200	...	...	31.7	...	...
2 persons	7,730	...	...	39.5	...	...
3 persons	2,545	...	...	13.0	...	...
4 persons	1,945	...	...	9.9	...	...
5 or more persons	1,130	...	...	5.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	43,360	22,035	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	37,090	18,775	18,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	22,305	11,170	11,130	60.1	59.5	60.8
Married	11,225	5,645	5,580	30.3	30.1	30.5
Living common-law	11,080	5,525	5,550	29.9	29.4	30.3
Living common law - Never married	8,760	4,345	4,415	23.6	23.1	24.1
Living common law - Separated	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,935	1,015	920	5.2	5.4	5.0
Living common law - Widowed	260	110	150	0.7	0.6	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	14,785	7,600	7,180	39.9	40.5	39.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	9,735	5,635	4,100	26.2	30.0	22.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	435	220	215	1.2	1.2	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,515	1,175	1,335	6.8	6.3	7.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,105	570	1,530	5.7	3.0	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	12,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,750	...	...	60.1	...	...
3 persons	2,425	...	...	18.8	...	...
4 persons	1,850	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	880	...	...	6.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	12,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	10,950	...	...	84.9	...	...
Married couples	5,415	...	...	42.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,630	...	...	12.6	...	...
Without children	3,785	...	...	29.3	...	...
Common-law couples	5,535	...	...	42.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,765	...	...	21.4	...	...
Without children	2,775	...	...	21.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,950	...	...	15.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,380	...	...	10.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	570	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	43,360	22,035	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	34,900	17,455	17,450	80.5	79.2	81.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	21,905	10,940	10,965	50.5	49.6	51.4
Parents in one-parent families	1,955	570	1,380	4.5	2.6	6.5
Children⁶	11,045	5,945	5,100	25.5	27.0	23.9
In a two-parent family	8,075	4,340	3,735	18.6	19.7	17.5
In a one-parent family	2,970	1,605	1,365	6.8	7.3	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,455	4,585	3,875	19.5	20.8	18.2
Living alone	6,205	3,380	2,830	14.3	15.3	13.3
Living with other relatives⁷	1,015	465	550	2.3	2.1	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	1,245	745	500	2.9	3.4	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	11,880	...	...	60.8	...	...
Couple-family households	10,235	...	...	52.3	...	...
With children⁶	4,070	...	...	20.8	...	...
Without children	6,165	...	...	31.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,645	...	...	8.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	300	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	460	...	...	2.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	640	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	6,205	...	...	31.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35,700	18,190	17,505	98.2	98.4	97.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,400	32,400	37,200	42,400	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35,710	18,200	17,510	98.2	98.4	98.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,200	29,600	33,600	37,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,990	16,265	14,725	85.2	87.9	82.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	36,000	23,400	29,600	36,000	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,090	13,060	11,030	66.2	70.6	61.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,400	26,800	32,400	38,400	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,910	15,340	15,570	85.0	82.9	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,500	11,400	13,400	12,500	11,400	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,170	2,925	2,245	14.2	15.8	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	5,840	5,480	5,560	5,840	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,230	5,630	4,600	28.1	30.4	25.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	8,000	6,500	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35,700	18,165	17,535	98.2	98.2	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,640	49,200	37,920	43,640	49,200	37,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35,700	18,170	17,535	98.2	98.2	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,040	40,640	33,280	37,040	40,640	33,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,980	16,165	14,810	85.2	87.4	82.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,080	43,560	30,040	37,080	43,560	30,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,090	12,970	11,120	66.2	70.1	62.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,120	44,480	32,840	39,120	44,480	32,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,860	15,345	15,520	84.9	83.0	86.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,260	12,350	14,160	13,260	12,350	14,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,895	2,180	14.0	15.7	12.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,990	6,670	7,410	6,990	6,670	7,410
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,500	5,785	4,715	28.9	31.3	26.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,640	7,270	8,080	7,640	7,270	8,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,935	6,205	4,730	30.1	33.5	26.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	55,600	44,000	50,000	55,600	44,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,900	61,000	49,240	55,900	61,000	49,240
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	10,235	5,110	5,130	28.1	27.6	28.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	25,000	17,200	20,600	25,000	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	33,000	22,620	27,800	33,000	22,620
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.8	78.8	67.0	73.8	78.8	67.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.5	64.6	55.0	60.5	64.6	55.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.3	21.2	33.1	26.3	21.2	33.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.1	5.4	7.0	6.1	5.4	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2	4.7	5.7	5.2	4.7	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	670	305	365	1.8	1.6	2.0
With total income	35,700	18,195	17,510	98.2	98.4	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,310	935	1,375	6.5	5.1	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	4,970	1,945	3,020	13.9	10.7	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	6,830	3,125	3,705	19.1	17.2	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	5,230	2,470	2,760	14.6	13.6	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	4,725	2,450	2,280	13.2	13.5	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,660	1,965	1,700	10.3	10.8	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	2,525	1,565	960	7.1	8.6	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,785	1,215	570	5.0	6.7	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,275	815	455	3.6	4.5	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	795	515	285	2.2	2.8	1.6
$100,000 and over	1,600	1,195	405	4.5	6.6	2.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,250	910	345	3.5	5.0	2.0
$150,000 and over	345	280	65	1.0	1.5	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	655	295	365	1.8	1.6	2.0
With after-tax income	35,710	18,200	17,515	98.2	98.4	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,485	995	1,495	7.0	5.5	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	5,215	2,080	3,140	14.6	11.4	17.9
$20,000 to $29,999	7,890	3,635	4,255	22.1	20.0	24.3
$30,000 to $39,999	6,490	3,265	3,225	18.2	17.9	18.4
$40,000 to $49,999	5,380	2,950	2,425	15.1	16.2	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	3,525	2,150	1,375	9.9	11.8	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	2,140	1,365	775	6.0	7.5	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,185	765	425	3.3	4.2	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	590	410	185	1.7	2.3	1.1
$90,000 to $99,999	305	205	100	0.9	1.1	0.6
$100,000 and over	495	375	115	1.4	2.1	0.7
$100,000 to $124,999	300	220	75	0.8	1.2	0.4
$125,000 and over	195	160	40	0.5	0.9	0.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,280	5,430	6,845	33.8	29.4	38.3
With employment income	24,090	13,060	11,030	66.2	70.6	61.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,090	1,630	1,465	12.8	12.5	13.3
$5,000 to $9,999	1,925	830	1,095	8.0	6.4	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	3,305	1,455	1,850	13.7	11.1	16.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,975	1,395	1,575	12.3	10.7	14.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,850	1,450	1,395	11.8	11.1	12.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,590	1,380	1,205	10.8	10.6	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	2,125	1,280	845	8.8	9.8	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,485	1,020	470	6.2	7.8	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,165	800	365	4.8	6.1	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	920	590	335	3.8	4.5	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	560	400	160	2.3	3.1	1.5
$100,000 and over	1,095	835	265	4.5	6.4	2.4
$100,000 to $124,999	610	455	150	2.5	3.5	1.4
$125,000 and over	485	375	110	2.0	2.9	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	35,260	17,945	17,315	96.9	97.0	96.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,200	28,600	34,800	41,200	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	35,285	17,945	17,340	97.0	97.0	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	36,400	26,400	31,200	36,400	26,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,560	16,050	14,510	84.0	86.8	81.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	38,000	24,600	31,000	38,000	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,380	13,110	11,270	67.0	70.9	63.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	40,400	27,000	33,200	40,400	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,060	13,575	14,480	77.2	73.4	81.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,500	8,500	10,600	9,500	8,500	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,970	2,895	2,080	13.7	15.7	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,680	4,680	4,680	4,680	4,680	4,680
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35,145	17,855	17,290	96.6	96.5	96.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,600	34,880	41,840	48,600	34,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35,155	17,855	17,300	96.7	96.5	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,240	39,760	30,560	35,240	39,760	30,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,320	15,875	14,440	83.4	85.8	80.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,320	30,520	38,800	46,320	30,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,230	12,920	11,310	66.6	69.9	63.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,240	47,080	32,360	40,240	47,080	32,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,805	13,405	14,400	76.5	72.5	80.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,610	9,920	11,270	10,610	9,920	11,270
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,920	2,885	2,035	13.5	15.6	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,165	5,800	6,690	6,165	5,800	6,690
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,875	6,160	4,720	29.9	33.3	26.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	54,400	41,200	48,000	54,400	41,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,750	61,450	46,000	54,750	61,450	46,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,640	4,815	4,825	26.5	26.0	27.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	31,600	20,000	24,200	31,600	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000	38,920	25,120	32,000	38,920	25,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.0	84.6	73.0	80.0	84.6	73.0
Employment income (%)	66.2	70.2	60.7	66.2	70.2	60.7
Government transfers (%)	20.1	15.3	26.9	20.1	15.3	26.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	1.9	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	19,555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	6,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	13,350	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	19,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,700	...	...	79,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,600	...	...	67,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,160	...	...	42,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,920	...	...	35,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	13,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,100	...	...	97,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,300	...	...	82,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	290	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	415	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,355	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	785	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	780	...	...	4.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,135	...	...	5.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	995	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	940	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,705	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,565	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,435	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,300	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,105	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,505	...	...	28.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,190	...	...	11.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,410	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,305	...	...	6.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	600	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	300	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	445	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,425	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	940	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,010	...	...	5.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,305	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,155	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,080	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,035	...	...	10.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,780	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,570	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,455	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,150	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,655	...	...	18.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,945	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	930	...	...	4.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	780	...	...	4.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	12,925	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	7,450	4,120	3,325	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	38,000	28,800	33,600	38,000	28,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400	33,600	27,400	30,400	33,600	27,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	12,920	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,200	...	...	97,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,200	...	...	82,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,700	...	...	85,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,200	...	...	72,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,410	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,900	...	...	125,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,600	...	...	105,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,100	...	...	68,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,550	...	...	60,550	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	7,435	4,205	3,225	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,720	43,800	36,680	40,720	43,800	36,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,880	36,520	32,720	34,880	36,520	32,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	43,355	22,035	21,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,160	4,150	4,010	18.8	18.8	18.8
0 to 5 years	2,710	1,380	1,330	6.3	6.3	6.2
18 to 64 years	25,615	13,110	12,500	59.1	59.5	58.6
65 years and over	9,585	4,775	4,810	22.1	21.7	22.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,825	2,750	3,080	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	920	460	460	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	280	135	140	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,600	1,280	1,320	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,305	1,005	1,295	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.4	12.5	14.4	13.4	12.5	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	11.3	11.1	11.4	11.3	11.1	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.3	9.8	10.8	10.3	9.8	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	9.7	10.6	10.2	9.7	10.6
65 years and over (%)	24.0	21.1	27.0	24.0	21.1	27.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	43,360	22,035	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,165	4,150	4,015	18.8	18.8	18.8
0 to 5 years	2,710	1,385	1,330	6.3	6.3	6.2
18 to 64 years	25,610	13,110	12,505	59.1	59.5	58.6
65 years and over	9,585	4,780	4,805	22.1	21.7	22.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,135	590	550	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	65	65	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	860	460	405	...	...	...
65 years and over	140	60	80	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.3	1.7	1.0	1.3	1.7	1.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.2	1.7	1.5	1.2	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	43,355	22,035	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	27,710	13,800	13,905	63.9	62.6	65.2
In bottom decile	4,785	2,270	2,515	11.0	10.3	11.8
In second decile	6,035	2,950	3,085	13.9	13.4	14.5
In third decile	5,775	2,895	2,880	13.3	13.1	13.5
In fourth decile	5,680	2,895	2,785	13.1	13.1	13.1
In fifth decile	5,440	2,795	2,645	12.5	12.7	12.4
In top half of the distribution	15,645	8,235	7,415	36.1	37.4	34.8
In sixth decile	4,750	2,470	2,280	11.0	11.2	10.7
In seventh decile	4,015	2,075	1,940	9.3	9.4	9.1
In eighth decile	3,430	1,845	1,585	7.9	8.4	7.4
In ninth decile	2,295	1,225	1,070	5.3	5.6	5.0
In top decile	1,160	625	535	2.7	2.8	2.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	43,360	...	...	43,360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.439	...	...	0.439	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.245	...	...	0.245	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	43,600	22,155	21,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	140	100	40	0.3	0.5	0.2
French only	31,165	15,185	15,980	71.5	68.5	74.5
English and French	12,220	6,815	5,410	28.0	30.8	25.2
Neither English nor French	75	60	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	43,600	22,155	21,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	625	330	295	1.4	1.5	1.4
French	42,725	21,665	21,060	98.0	97.8	98.2
English and French	180	105	80	0.4	0.5	0.4
Neither English nor French	65	55	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	43,600	22,155	21,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	43,140	21,905	21,235	98.9	98.9	99.0
Official languages	42,415	21,465	20,950	97.3	96.9	97.7
English	475	235	245	1.1	1.1	1.1
French	41,935	21,230	20,710	96.2	95.8	96.6
Non-official languages	725	440	285	1.7	2.0	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	725	440	285	1.7	2.0	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	65	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	50	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	455	275	185	1.0	1.2	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	235	140	0.9	1.1	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	255	165	95	0.6	0.7	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	460	250	210	1.1	1.1	1.0
English and French	355	190	160	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	43,600	22,155	21,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	225	135	95	0.5	0.6	0.4
French	41,420	20,965	20,460	95.0	94.6	95.4
Non-official language	165	110	50	0.4	0.5	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	110	50	0.4	0.5	0.2
English and French	1,215	635	580	2.8	2.9	2.7
English and non-official language(s)	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	350	185	170	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	180	95	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	43,600	22,155	21,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	43,210	21,945	21,265	99.1	99.1	99.2
Official languages	42,945	21,780	21,170	98.5	98.3	98.7
English	415	220	190	1.0	1.0	0.9
French	42,530	21,555	20,975	97.5	97.3	97.8
Non-official languages	265	165	100	0.6	0.7	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	265	165	100	0.6	0.7	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	165	105	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	90	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	85	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	390	210	180	0.9	0.9	0.8
English and French	280	140	135	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	43,600	22,155	21,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	42,165	21,405	20,765	96.7	96.6	96.8
English	835	450	380	1.9	2.0	1.8
French	220	100	120	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	245	130	115	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	245	130	115	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	90	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	43,360	22,035	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	43,320	22,005	21,315	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	12,355	6,950	5,410	28.5	31.5	25.4
French	43,190	21,905	21,280	99.6	99.4	99.8
Non-official languages	1,825	990	835	4.2	4.5	3.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,815	985	830	4.2	4.5	3.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	90	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	80	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	80	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	50	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	50	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	170	75	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
Haitian Creole	100	25	75	0.2	0.1	0.4
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,300	705	595	3.0	3.2	2.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,190	635	560	2.7	2.9	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	200	110	90	0.5	0.5	0.4
Portuguese	145	85	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Romanian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	915	480	435	2.1	2.2	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	43,355	22,040	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	845	445	400	1.9	2.0	1.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	775	395	375	1.8	1.8	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	480	245	230	1.1	1.1	1.1
Métis	285	155	130	0.7	0.7	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	60	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	42,515	21,590	20,925	98.1	98.0	98.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	43,355	22,040	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	75	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	43,220	21,955	21,265	99.7	99.6	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	14,205	...	...	72.6	...	...
Renter	5,350	...	...	27.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,040	...	...	5.3	...	...
Not condominium	18,510	...	...	94.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	2,130	...	...	10.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,555	...	...	33.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,800	...	...	34.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,020	...	...	20.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,120	...	...	26.2	...	...
5 rooms	3,740	...	...	19.1	...	...
6 rooms	3,115	...	...	15.9	...	...
7 rooms	2,620	...	...	13.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,955	...	...	25.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,460	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	95	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	19,100	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	455	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,780	...	...	24.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,940	...	...	25.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,695	...	...	13.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,750	...	...	14.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	940	...	...	4.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,345	...	...	6.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	905	...	...	4.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,205	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	18,245	...	...	93.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,310	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	10,765	...	...	55.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	8,315	...	...	42.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	470	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	475	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,380	...	...	12.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,870	...	...	14.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,055	...	...	15.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,585	...	...	23.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,850	...	...	19.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,820	...	...	9.3	...	...
85 years and over	525	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	19,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,675	...	...	86.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,565	...	...	13.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,425	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	19,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,080	...	...	20.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,365	...	...	12.1	...	...
Not suitable only	405	...	...	2.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,065	...	...	5.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	195	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	15,475	...	...	79.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	19,100	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,030	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not in core need	18,070	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,000	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.4	...	...	60.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.8	...	...	8.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	274,800	...	...	274,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,315	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.2	...	...	25.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.9	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	700	...	...	700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	737	...	...	737	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	43,360	22,035	21,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	745	355	395	1.7	1.6	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	735	355	385	1.7	1.6	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	640	300	335	1.5	1.4	1.6
Métis single ancestry	100	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	995	475	515	2.3	2.2	2.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	995	475	515	2.3	2.2	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	940	455	485	2.2	2.1	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	41,615	21,205	20,415	96.0	96.2	95.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	43,360	22,035	21,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	42,800	21,685	21,110	98.7	98.4	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,040	4,105	3,935	18.5	18.6	18.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	34,755	17,580	17,170	80.2	79.8	80.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	560	355	210	1.3	1.6	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	43,360	22,035	21,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	42,065	21,275	20,785	97.0	96.6	97.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,020	555	460	2.4	2.5	2.2
Before 1980	260	145	105	0.6	0.7	0.5
1980 to 1990	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	155	85	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
2001 to 2010	225	145	85	0.5	0.7	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	300	140	155	0.7	0.6	0.7
2011 to 2015	130	55	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
2016 to 2021	170	80	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	280	205	75	0.6	0.9	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,020	555	460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	140	70	65	13.7	12.6	14.1
5 to 14 years	155	90	60	15.2	16.2	13.0
15 to 24 years	205	105	105	20.1	18.9	22.8
25 to 44 years	440	240	200	43.1	43.2	43.5
45 years and over	80	50	30	7.8	9.0	6.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,020	555	460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	260	125	130	25.5	22.5	28.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.2
El Salvador	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	80	30	50	7.8	5.4	10.9
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.2
Peru	10	10	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	65	25	40	6.4	4.5	8.7
Other places of birth in Americas	75	45	25	7.4	8.1	5.4
Europe	455	270	190	44.6	48.6	41.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	210	115	100	20.6	20.7	21.7
Germany	10	10	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
Greece	20	15	0	2.0	2.7	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	55	35	15	5.4	6.3	3.3
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	30	20	0	2.9	3.6	0.0
Romania	20	15	0	2.0	2.7	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	45	45	8.8	8.1	9.8
Africa	205	100	100	20.1	18.0	21.7
Algeria	40	25	20	3.9	4.5	4.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	25	10	2.9	4.5	2.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	55	65	11.3	9.9	14.1
Asia	100	55	40	9.8	9.9	8.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	10	15	2.5	1.8	3.3
Viet Nam	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	2.5	1.8	3.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	165	80	85	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	45	25	25	27.3	31.3	29.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	15	15.2	12.5	17.6
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	30	10	21.2	37.5	11.8
France	15	15	0	9.1	18.8	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	6.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	65	30	30	39.4	37.5	35.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	9.1	12.5	0.0
Asia	20	0	20	12.1	0.0	23.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	20	12.1	0.0	23.5
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	43,355	22,040	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,425	805	625	3.3	3.7	2.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,410	645	760	3.3	2.9	3.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	40,525	20,585	19,940	93.5	93.4	93.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	760	405	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	300	150	150	39.5	37.0	42.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	160	100	55	21.1	24.7	15.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	140	50	95	18.4	12.3	27.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	305	160	145	40.1	39.5	41.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	140	85	55	18.4	21.0	15.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	20	0	2.6	4.9	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	760	405	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	100	55	40	13.2	13.6	11.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	130	85	45	17.1	21.0	12.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	15	15	4.6	3.7	4.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	10	0	2.0	2.5	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	480	235	245	63.2	58.0	70.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	43,355	22,040	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	995	495	500	2.3	2.2	2.3
South Asian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	515	245	270	1.2	1.1	1.3
Filipino	65	50	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Arab	85	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	150	90	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Southeast Asian	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	42,360	21,535	20,825	97.7	97.7	97.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	43,360	22,035	21,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	17,765	8,880	8,885	41.0	40.3	41.7
English	340	160	180	0.8	0.7	0.8
Irish	1,645	770	870	3.8	3.5	4.1
Scottish	375	135	240	0.9	0.6	1.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,795	4,505	4,280	20.3	20.4	20.1
German	355	155	195	0.8	0.7	0.9
Chinese	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italian	895	475	425	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indian (India)	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ukrainian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Québécois	8,345	4,350	3,995	19.2	19.7	18.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Filipino	70	55	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
French Canadian	3,785	1,950	1,830	8.7	8.8	8.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,040	560	480	2.4	2.5	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	905	440	465	2.1	2.0	2.2
Métis	155	75	85	0.4	0.3	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	365	170	185	0.8	0.8	0.9
Russian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	195	110	85	0.4	0.5	0.4
American	345	170	175	0.8	0.8	0.8
Spanish	235	110	120	0.5	0.5	0.6
Swedish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	600	255	340	1.4	1.2	1.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	90	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Greek	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	630	295	335	1.5	1.3	1.6
Danish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	155	75	80	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	370	155	210	0.9	0.7	1.0
Haitian	155	70	85	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	155	80	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	110	50	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	45	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	130	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	70	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	145	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Norman	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	43,355	22,040	21,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	31,735	15,890	15,845	73.2	72.1	74.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,070	1,000	1,070	4.8	4.5	5.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baptist	105	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catholic	29,045	14,570	14,475	67.0	66.1	67.9
Christian Orthodox	30	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	115	55	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	335	175	160	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	185	105	80	0.4	0.5	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105	70	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	11,285	5,945	5,340	26.0	27.0	25.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	42,895	21,790	21,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	38,320	19,505	18,805	89.3	89.5	89.1
Movers	4,575	2,285	2,290	10.7	10.5	10.9
Non-migrants	1,505	760	745	3.5	3.5	3.5
Migrants	3,065	1,520	1,550	7.1	7.0	7.3
Internal migrants	2,970	1,460	1,510	6.9	6.7	7.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,955	1,445	1,510	6.9	6.6	7.2
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	100	65	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	41,110	20,905	20,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,165	13,405	12,755	63.6	64.1	63.1
Movers	14,940	7,500	7,450	36.3	35.9	36.9
Non-migrants	3,630	1,810	1,820	8.8	8.7	9.0
Migrants	11,315	5,690	5,625	27.5	27.2	27.8
Internal migrants	10,960	5,480	5,485	26.7	26.2	27.1
Intraprovincial migrants	10,925	5,455	5,465	26.6	26.1	27.0
Interprovincial migrants	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	350	210	140	0.9	1.0	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	11,060	6,305	4,750	30.4	34.1	26.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	25,310	12,190	13,120	69.6	65.9	73.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,985	11,780	11,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,800	3,525	2,270	25.2	29.9	20.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,185	8,255	8,925	74.8	70.1	79.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	36,370	18,495	17,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,515	5,175	4,340	26.2	28.0	24.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,975	4,330	4,645	24.7	23.4	26.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,880	8,990	8,890	49.2	48.6	49.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	14,570	7,630	6,945	40.1	41.3	38.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,230	5,195	3,035	22.6	28.1	17.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,680	3,065	2,605	15.6	16.6	14.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,550	2,130	425	7.0	11.5	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,470	2,115	3,355	15.0	11.4	18.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	875	320	560	2.4	1.7	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,305	1,355	1,950	9.1	7.3	10.9
Bachelor's degree	2,330	930	1,400	6.4	5.0	7.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	125	175	0.8	0.7	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	45	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Master's degree	555	225	325	1.5	1.2	1.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,980	11,785	11,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,660	2,730	1,930	20.3	23.2	17.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,010	2,525	2,480	21.8	21.4	22.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,315	6,520	6,790	57.9	55.3	60.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,815	5,565	5,255	47.1	47.2	46.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,360	3,895	2,470	27.7	33.1	22.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,470	2,295	2,175	19.5	19.5	19.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,890	1,600	290	8.2	13.6	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,855	1,455	2,400	16.8	12.3	21.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	600	215	385	2.6	1.8	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,500	960	1,535	10.9	8.1	13.7
Bachelor's degree	1,810	680	1,135	7.9	5.8	10.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	90	125	0.9	0.8	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	385	150	240	1.7	1.3	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	36,370	18,495	17,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,495	9,505	8,980	50.9	51.4	50.3
Education	1,400	315	1,085	3.8	1.7	6.1
13. Education	1,400	315	1,085	3.8	1.7	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	575	230	345	1.6	1.2	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	60	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	500	170	335	1.4	0.9	1.9
Humanities	710	245	470	2.0	1.3	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	85	0	80	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	395	140	255	1.1	0.8	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	110	40	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,205	280	915	3.3	1.5	5.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	65	105	0.5	0.4	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	390	25	365	1.1	0.1	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	225	65	160	0.6	0.4	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	225	25	200	0.6	0.1	1.1
45. Social sciences	155	90	65	0.4	0.5	0.4
Business, management and public administration	3,320	885	2,430	9.1	4.8	13.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	50	100	0.4	0.3	0.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,170	835	2,335	8.7	4.5	13.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	285	165	115	0.8	0.9	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	430	280	150	1.2	1.5	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	360	255	100	1.0	1.4	0.6
25. Library science	65	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,205	4,870	335	14.3	26.3	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	210	170	40	0.6	0.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	780	695	85	2.1	3.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,580	1,510	70	4.3	8.2	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,425	1,395	30	3.9	7.5	0.2
48. Precision production	1,130	1,060	70	3.1	5.7	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	705	420	280	1.9	2.3	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	585	330	255	1.6	1.8	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	90	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
Health and related fields	2,130	295	1,840	5.9	1.6	10.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	130	55	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,985	230	1,760	5.5	1.2	9.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,920	1,000	915	5.3	5.4	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	975	170	805	2.7	0.9	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	330	275	55	0.9	1.5	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	610	550	55	1.7	3.0	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	22,980	11,780	11,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,665	5,255	4,410	42.1	44.6	39.4
Education	900	205	695	3.9	1.7	6.2
13. Education	900	205	695	3.9	1.7	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	160	260	1.8	1.4	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	365	120	250	1.6	1.0	2.2
Humanities	460	160	305	2.0	1.4	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	0	50	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	260	95	165	1.1	0.8	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
54. History	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	970	210	760	4.2	1.8	6.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	55	90	0.6	0.5	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	345	25	320	1.5	0.2	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	165	40	125	0.7	0.3	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	190	25	160	0.8	0.2	1.4
45. Social sciences	110	65	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Business, management and public administration	2,510	640	1,875	10.9	5.4	16.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	30	80	0.5	0.3	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,395	605	1,790	10.4	5.1	16.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	80	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	330	230	100	1.4	2.0	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	290	215	75	1.3	1.8	0.7
25. Library science	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,870	3,565	305	16.8	30.3	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	180	140	40	0.8	1.2	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	535	460	80	2.3	3.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,135	1,075	55	4.9	9.1	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,070	1,035	35	4.7	8.8	0.3
48. Precision production	890	825	65	3.9	7.0	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	300	245	2.4	2.5	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	455	225	225	2.0	1.9	2.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	75	15	0.4	0.6	0.1
Health and related fields	1,660	215	1,445	7.2	1.8	12.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	105	35	65	0.5	0.3	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,545	175	1,375	6.7	1.5	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,490	760	735	6.5	6.5	6.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	750	95	655	3.3	0.8	5.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	240	205	35	1.0	1.7	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	500	455	45	2.2	3.9	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	22,980	11,780	11,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,665	5,255	4,410	42.1	44.6	39.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	13,315	6,525	6,790	57.9	55.4	60.6
Location of study inside Canada	12,965	6,300	6,660	56.4	53.5	59.5
Same as province or territory of residence	12,865	6,240	6,630	56.0	53.0	59.2
Different than province or territory of residence	100	65	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	350	220	130	1.5	1.9	1.2
Americas	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
United States of America	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexico	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Europe	160	95	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
Belgium	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Germany	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	80	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asia	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	36,370	18,495	17,875	...	...	...
In the labour force	22,075	11,835	10,240	...	...	...
Employed	20,660	11,050	9,615	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,415	785	630	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	14,295	6,665	7,630	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.7	64.0	57.3	60.7	64.0	57.3
Employment rate	56.8	59.7	53.8	56.8	59.7	53.8
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.6	6.2	6.4	6.6	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	36,370	18,495	17,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	14,355	6,690	7,660	39.5	36.2	42.9
Worked	22,015	11,805	10,210	60.5	63.8	57.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	11,255	6,395	4,865	30.9	34.6	27.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	10,760	5,415	5,345	29.6	29.3	29.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.9	41.0	41.5	41.9	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	22,080	11,830	10,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	205	250	2.1	1.7	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	21,625	11,625	9,995	97.9	98.3	97.6
Employee	18,575	9,715	8,865	84.1	82.1	86.5
Permanent position	15,875	8,420	7,455	71.9	71.2	72.8
Temporary position	2,700	1,290	1,410	12.2	10.9	13.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	785	330	450	3.6	2.8	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,920	965	955	8.7	8.2	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,050	1,915	1,135	13.8	16.2	11.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	22,080	11,830	10,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	205	250	2.1	1.7	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	21,625	11,625	9,995	97.9	98.3	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	355	255	100	1.6	2.2	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,835	690	2,140	12.8	5.8	20.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	870	655	215	3.9	5.5	2.1
3 Health occupations	1,605	210	1,395	7.3	1.8	13.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,220	575	1,640	10.1	4.9	16.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	420	200	215	1.9	1.7	2.1
6 Sales and service occupations	5,015	2,030	2,985	22.7	17.2	29.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,625	5,145	485	25.5	43.5	4.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	945	680	270	4.3	5.7	2.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,725	1,190	535	7.8	10.1	5.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	22,080	11,830	10,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	205	250	2.1	1.7	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	21,625	11,625	9,995	97.9	98.3	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,065	710	360	4.8	6.0	3.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	90	10	0.5	0.8	0.1
22 Utilities	75	60	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
23 Construction	2,570	2,245	330	11.6	19.0	3.2
31-33 Manufacturing	2,975	2,115	860	13.5	17.9	8.4
41 Wholesale trade	715	500	220	3.2	4.2	2.1
44-45 Retail trade	2,750	1,175	1,575	12.5	9.9	15.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,105	875	235	5.0	7.4	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	255	140	120	1.2	1.2	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	465	175	290	2.1	1.5	2.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	225	110	115	1.0	0.9	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	925	405	525	4.2	3.4	5.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	725	485	240	3.3	4.1	2.3
61 Educational services	1,355	380	975	6.1	3.2	9.5
62 Health care and social assistance	2,940	530	2,410	13.3	4.5	23.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	250	135	120	1.1	1.1	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	1,050	430	620	4.8	3.6	6.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,220	645	580	5.5	5.5	5.7
91 Public administration	830	435	395	3.8	3.7	3.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	23,550	12,625	10,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	205	160	45	0.9	1.3	0.4
French	20,900	11,035	9,865	88.7	87.4	90.3
Non-official language	30	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	2,245	1,310	935	9.5	10.4	8.6
English and non-official language(s)	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	45	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	23,550	12,625	10,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,200	12,420	10,785	98.5	98.4	98.8
Official languages	23,150	12,385	10,765	98.3	98.1	98.6
English	480	320	160	2.0	2.5	1.5
French	22,670	12,060	10,605	96.3	95.5	97.1
Non-official languages	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	350	210	135	1.5	1.7	1.2
English and French	320	185	135	1.4	1.5	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	23,550	12,625	10,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	21,475	11,425	10,050	91.2	90.5	92.0
English	1,695	990	700	7.2	7.8	6.4
French	265	150	115	1.1	1.2	1.1
Non-official language	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	20,660	11,050	9,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,710	1,305	1,405	13.1	11.8	14.6
Worked outside Canada	30	30	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,085	2,440	645	14.9	22.1	6.7
Usual place of work	14,835	7,270	7,565	71.8	65.8	78.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	14,835	7,275	7,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,495	1,680	1,815	23.6	23.1	24.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,125	1,565	1,555	21.1	21.5	20.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,195	4,010	4,185	55.2	55.1	55.3
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	17,920	9,710	8,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	16,760	9,145	7,615	93.5	94.2	92.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	15,935	8,695	7,235	88.9	89.5	88.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	835	450	380	4.7	4.6	4.6
Public transit	120	55	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
Walked	775	385	390	4.3	4.0	4.8
Bicycle	80	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Other method	190	75	110	1.1	0.8	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	17,920	9,710	8,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,280	2,725	2,555	29.5	28.1	31.1
15 to 29 minutes	5,195	2,360	2,835	29.0	24.3	34.6
30 to 44 minutes	3,865	2,165	1,700	21.6	22.3	20.7
45 to 59 minutes	1,635	1,095	540	9.1	11.3	6.6
60 minutes and over	1,950	1,370	580	10.9	14.1	7.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	17,920	9,710	8,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,110	1,660	450	11.8	17.1	5.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,545	2,190	1,360	19.8	22.6	16.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,815	2,265	2,550	26.9	23.3	31.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,820	1,065	1,755	15.7	11.0	21.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,445	515	925	8.1	5.3	11.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,190	2,020	1,170	17.8	20.8	14.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,285	4,215	4,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	690	355	340	8.3	8.4	8.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,595	3,870	3,730	91.7	91.8	91.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,885	2,985	2,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	485	245	240	8.2	8.2	8.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	285	135	145	4.8	4.5	5.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	100	95	3.4	3.4	3.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,405	2,740	2,660	91.8	91.8	91.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table