Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Compton--StansteadMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	113,285	57,345	55,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20,835	10,740	10,100	18.4	18.7	18.1
0 to 4 years	6,170	3,205	2,965	5.4	5.6	5.3
5 to 9 years	7,190	3,710	3,475	6.3	6.5	6.2
10 to 14 years	7,475	3,825	3,650	6.6	6.7	6.5
15 to 64 years	69,540	35,075	34,465	61.4	61.2	61.6
15 to 19 years	6,355	3,330	3,025	5.6	5.8	5.4
20 to 24 years	5,490	2,905	2,580	4.8	5.1	4.6
25 to 29 years	5,815	2,875	2,935	5.1	5.0	5.2
30 to 34 years	6,515	3,215	3,305	5.8	5.6	5.9
35 to 39 years	7,025	3,510	3,515	6.2	6.1	6.3
40 to 44 years	7,705	3,875	3,830	6.8	6.8	6.8
45 to 49 years	6,730	3,400	3,330	5.9	5.9	6.0
50 to 54 years	7,045	3,665	3,380	6.2	6.4	6.0
55 to 59 years	8,365	4,105	4,255	7.4	7.2	7.6
60 to 64 years	8,515	4,205	4,310	7.5	7.3	7.7
65 years and over	22,900	11,525	11,375	20.2	20.1	20.3
65 to 69 years	7,520	3,865	3,655	6.6	6.7	6.5
70 to 74 years	6,360	3,245	3,115	5.6	5.7	5.6
75 to 79 years	4,230	2,195	2,040	3.7	3.8	3.6
80 to 84 years	2,410	1,195	1,220	2.1	2.1	2.2
85 years and over	2,375	1,025	1,350	2.1	1.8	2.4
85 to 89 years	1,465	675	785	1.3	1.2	1.4
90 to 94 years	715	290	425	0.6	0.5	0.8
95 to 99 years	170	55	120	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	20	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	18.7	18.1	18.4	18.7	18.1
15 to 64 years	61.4	61.2	61.6	61.4	61.2	61.6
65 years and over	20.2	20.1	20.3	20.2	20.1	20.3
85 years and over	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.1	1.8	2.4
Average age of the population	42.1	41.8	42.4	42.1	41.8	42.4
Median age of the population	42.8	42.8	43.2	42.8	42.8	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	47,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	33,055	...	...	69.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,430	...	...	5.1	...	...
Row house	970	...	...	2.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,305	...	...	4.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,040	...	...	16.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	535	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	47,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	13,690	...	...	28.8	...	...
2 persons	18,215	...	...	38.3	...	...
3 persons	6,185	...	...	13.0	...	...
4 persons	6,000	...	...	12.6	...	...
5 or more persons	3,415	...	...	7.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	111,305	56,310	54,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	92,445	46,605	45,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	57,440	28,715	28,725	62.1	61.6	62.7
Married	29,670	14,855	14,820	32.1	31.9	32.3
Living common-law	27,765	13,860	13,910	30.0	29.7	30.3
Living common law - Never married	22,340	11,065	11,275	24.2	23.7	24.6
Living common law - Separated	230	120	115	0.2	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	4,705	2,465	2,235	5.1	5.3	4.9
Living common law - Widowed	490	210	285	0.5	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	35,010	17,890	17,115	37.9	38.4	37.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	24,300	13,670	10,635	26.3	29.3	23.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	925	465	465	1.0	1.0	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,790	2,720	3,075	6.3	5.8	6.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,980	1,035	2,950	4.3	2.2	6.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	32,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	18,050	...	...	55.0	...	...
3 persons	5,900	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	5,865	...	...	17.9	...	...
5 or more persons	2,985	...	...	9.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	32,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	28,395	...	...	86.5	...	...
Married couples	14,515	...	...	44.2	...	...
With children⁶	5,220	...	...	15.9	...	...
Without children	9,300	...	...	28.3	...	...
Common-law couples	13,885	...	...	42.3	...	...
With children⁶	7,585	...	...	23.1	...	...
Without children	6,300	...	...	19.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,415	...	...	13.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,980	...	...	9.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,430	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	111,305	56,310	54,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	93,340	46,850	46,480	83.9	83.2	84.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	56,790	28,350	28,440	51.0	50.3	51.7
Parents in one-parent families	4,415	1,430	2,980	4.0	2.5	5.4
Children⁶	32,135	17,065	15,065	28.9	30.3	27.4
In a two-parent family	25,115	13,275	11,835	22.6	23.6	21.5
In a one-parent family	7,020	3,790	3,220	6.3	6.7	5.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,970	9,455	8,515	16.1	16.8	15.5
Living alone	13,690	7,150	6,540	12.3	12.7	11.9
Living with other relatives⁷	1,660	780	875	1.5	1.4	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	2,620	1,520	1,100	2.4	2.7	2.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	47,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	31,140	...	...	65.6	...	...
Couple-family households	27,235	...	...	57.3	...	...
With children⁶	12,255	...	...	25.8	...	...
Without children	14,980	...	...	31.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,905	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	465	...	...	1.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	90	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	835	...	...	1.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,275	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	13,690	...	...	28.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	90,495	45,590	44,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	88,670	44,655	44,015	98.0	97.9	98.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	44,800	37,600	41,200	44,800	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	88,705	44,680	44,030	98.0	98.0	98.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	39,200	34,000	36,400	39,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	81,445	41,550	39,890	90.0	91.1	88.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,800	28,000	33,200	38,800	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65,895	34,500	31,395	72.8	75.7	69.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,000	31,200	35,600	40,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	73,395	35,500	37,895	81.1	77.9	84.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,900	9,500	12,100	10,900	9,500	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,360	6,210	5,150	12.6	13.6	11.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,080	5,320	5,160	5,080	5,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,725	13,350	11,380	27.3	29.3	25.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	90,380	45,520	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	88,440	44,545	43,895	97.9	97.9	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,960	53,850	44,000	48,960	53,850	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	88,460	44,560	43,895	97.9	97.9	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,680	43,680	37,600	40,680	43,680	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	81,345	41,500	39,850	90.0	91.2	88.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,360	48,480	36,000	42,360	48,480	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65,695	34,495	31,195	72.7	75.8	69.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,640	46,800	38,040	42,640	46,800	38,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	73,380	35,470	37,915	81.2	77.9	84.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,040	10,920	13,100	12,040	10,920	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,015	6,130	4,885	12.2	13.5	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,740	7,670	6,600	5,740	7,670
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,430	13,365	11,070	27.0	29.4	24.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,030	6,630	7,500	7,030	6,630	7,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	90,380	45,520	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	32,160	17,590	14,570	35.6	38.6	32.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	56,000	50,000	53,200	56,000	50,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,100	64,700	56,750	61,100	64,700	56,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	26,695	13,160	13,535	29.5	28.9	30.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	24,600	17,000	20,600	24,600	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,080	32,480	23,820	28,080	32,480	23,820
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.6	83.8	74.2	79.6	83.8	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.6	67.4	61.4	64.6	67.4	61.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.4	16.2	25.7	20.4	16.2	25.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	1.9	1.7	1.5	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	4.3	5.3	4.7	4.3	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.7	4.3	4.0	3.7	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	90,500	45,590	44,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,825	935	890	2.0	2.1	2.0
With total income	88,670	44,655	44,015	98.0	97.9	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,655	2,575	3,075	6.4	5.8	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	10,920	4,520	6,400	12.3	10.1	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	14,190	6,565	7,630	16.0	14.7	17.3
$30,000 to $39,999	11,975	5,670	6,300	13.5	12.7	14.3
$40,000 to $49,999	12,140	5,920	6,220	13.7	13.2	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	9,845	5,160	4,690	11.1	11.5	10.6
$60,000 to $69,999	6,915	3,855	3,065	7.8	8.6	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,960	2,955	2,010	5.6	6.6	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	3,710	2,170	1,545	4.2	4.9	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,480	1,390	1,090	2.8	3.1	2.5
$100,000 and over	5,880	3,875	2,000	6.6	8.7	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	4,205	2,710	1,500	4.7	6.1	3.4
$150,000 and over	1,670	1,170	505	1.9	2.6	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	90,500	45,590	44,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,790	915	885	2.0	2.0	2.0
With after-tax income	88,705	44,675	44,030	98.0	98.0	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,060	2,730	3,335	6.8	6.1	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	11,560	4,835	6,725	13.0	10.8	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	16,635	7,765	8,870	18.8	17.4	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	15,650	7,790	7,860	17.6	17.4	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	14,030	7,325	6,710	15.8	16.4	15.2
$50,000 to $59,999	9,585	5,320	4,265	10.8	11.9	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	6,160	3,490	2,665	6.9	7.8	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	3,670	2,000	1,670	4.1	4.5	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	1,940	1,145	800	2.2	2.6	1.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,095	690	410	1.2	1.5	0.9
$100,000 and over	2,320	1,595	725	2.6	3.6	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	1,245	835	410	1.4	1.9	0.9
$125,000 and over	1,070	760	305	1.2	1.7	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	90,500	45,590	44,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	24,600	11,090	13,515	27.2	24.3	30.1
With employment income	65,895	34,500	31,395	72.8	75.7	69.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,410	4,385	4,025	12.8	12.7	12.8
$5,000 to $9,999	5,020	2,215	2,810	7.6	6.4	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	8,080	3,625	4,455	12.3	10.5	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	7,250	3,270	3,975	11.0	9.5	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	7,515	3,690	3,825	11.4	10.7	12.2
$40,000 to $49,999	7,425	3,765	3,660	11.3	10.9	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	5,740	3,385	2,355	8.7	9.8	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,545	2,730	1,820	6.9	7.9	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	3,270	2,055	1,210	5.0	6.0	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	2,850	1,570	1,275	4.3	4.6	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,655	1,035	615	2.5	3.0	2.0
$100,000 and over	4,140	2,780	1,365	6.3	8.1	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	2,155	1,410	745	3.3	4.1	2.4
$125,000 and over	1,990	1,370	620	3.0	4.0	2.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	90,495	45,590	44,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	87,200	43,865	43,330	96.4	96.2	96.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,600	34,800	39,200	43,600	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	87,235	43,870	43,365	96.4	96.2	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,000	31,400	34,800	38,000	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	80,050	40,895	39,155	88.5	89.7	87.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,400	29,000	34,400	40,400	29,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,940	34,435	31,505	72.9	75.5	70.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,200	31,400	36,000	41,200	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	66,440	31,330	35,110	73.4	68.7	78.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	6,700	9,600	8,400	6,700	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	11,330	6,320	5,010	12.5	13.9	11.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,600	4,480	4,840	4,600	4,480	4,840
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	90,380	45,520	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	86,995	43,720	43,280	96.3	96.0	96.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,680	52,550	40,760	46,680	52,550	40,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	87,030	43,720	43,310	96.3	96.0	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,640	42,400	34,880	38,640	42,400	34,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	80,025	40,815	39,210	88.5	89.7	87.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,680	49,720	35,360	42,680	49,720	35,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65,830	34,390	31,440	72.8	75.5	70.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,640	48,000	36,800	42,640	48,000	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	66,015	31,025	34,990	73.0	68.2	78.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,770	8,640	10,780	9,770	8,640	10,780
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,090	6,200	4,890	12.3	13.6	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,460	5,275	7,970	6,460	5,275	7,970
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	90,380	45,520	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	31,950	17,455	14,490	35.4	38.3	32.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	54,400	46,000	50,400	54,400	46,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,900	63,100	51,650	57,900	63,100	51,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	25,365	12,495	12,875	28.1	27.4	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	29,200	20,200	24,200	29,200	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,880	37,200	26,720	31,880	37,200	26,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.2	88.4	78.6	84.2	88.4	78.6
Employment income (%)	69.2	71.8	65.6	69.2	71.8	65.6
Government transfers (%)	15.9	11.7	21.4	15.9	11.7	21.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.4	2.2	1.8	1.4	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	47,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	13,690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	33,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	47,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,200	...	...	91,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,700	...	...	75,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,700	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,240	...	...	46,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,840	...	...	38,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	33,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,400	...	...	109,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,700	...	...	90,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	47,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	290	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	190	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	500	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	800	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,365	...	...	5.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,635	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,630	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,160	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,240	...	...	4.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,145	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,960	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,670	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,465	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,255	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,940	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,260	...	...	34.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,800	...	...	12.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,930	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,980	...	...	8.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,555	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	47,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	345	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	210	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	510	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	845	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,525	...	...	5.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,985	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,060	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,680	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,675	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,460	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,635	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,420	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,025	...	...	8.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,575	...	...	7.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,055	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,505	...	...	24.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,415	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,030	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,055	...	...	6.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	32,885	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	15,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	12,830	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,310	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	16,310	8,670	7,640	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	39,600	33,600	36,400	39,600	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,800	31,000	32,800	34,800	31,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	32,860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,800	...	...	109,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,900	...	...	90,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15,135	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,800	...	...	95,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,700	...	...	78,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	12,780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...	139,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,700	...	...	114,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,200	...	...	64,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	16,300	8,755	7,540	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,400	46,680	41,680	44,400	46,680	41,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,440	38,800	35,880	37,440	38,800	35,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	111,305	56,310	54,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	24,755	12,755	12,000	22.2	22.7	21.8
0 to 5 years	7,490	3,890	3,600	6.7	6.9	6.5
18 to 64 years	65,165	32,800	32,365	58.5	58.2	58.9
65 years and over	21,385	10,750	10,630	19.2	19.1	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,880	5,265	5,620	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,775	925	850	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	565	315	250	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	4,960	2,500	2,460	...	...	...
65 years and over	4,145	1,840	2,305	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.8	9.3	10.2	9.8	9.3	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.3	7.1	7.2	7.3	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	8.0	7.1	7.6	8.0	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6
65 years and over (%)	19.4	17.1	21.7	19.4	17.1	21.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	111,305	56,310	54,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	24,755	12,760	12,000	22.2	22.7	21.8
0 to 5 years	7,490	3,890	3,600	6.7	6.9	6.5
18 to 64 years	65,165	32,800	32,365	58.5	58.2	58.9
65 years and over	21,385	10,750	10,630	19.2	19.1	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,435	1,305	1,130	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	365	175	190	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	85	40	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,815	1,015	805	...	...	...
65 years and over	255	115	145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.0	1.3
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	3.1	2.5	2.8	3.1	2.5
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	111,310	56,310	54,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	63,655	31,840	31,815	57.2	56.5	57.9
In bottom decile	8,800	4,355	4,445	7.9	7.7	8.1
In second decile	12,690	6,185	6,505	11.4	11.0	11.8
In third decile	13,830	6,925	6,905	12.4	12.3	12.6
In fourth decile	14,415	7,280	7,140	13.0	12.9	13.0
In fifth decile	13,920	7,100	6,820	12.5	12.6	12.4
In top half of the distribution	47,650	24,470	23,185	42.8	43.5	42.2
In sixth decile	13,215	6,720	6,500	11.9	11.9	11.8
In seventh decile	11,820	6,075	5,745	10.6	10.8	10.4
In eighth decile	9,830	5,065	4,760	8.8	9.0	8.7
In ninth decile	7,660	3,945	3,710	6.9	7.0	6.7
In top decile	5,135	2,660	2,470	4.6	4.7	4.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	111,310	...	...	111,310	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.420	...	...	0.420	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	112,530	57,005	55,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	4,200	2,075	2,130	3.7	3.6	3.8
French only	59,485	29,145	30,345	52.9	51.1	54.7
English and French	48,635	25,645	22,985	43.2	45.0	41.4
Neither English nor French	205	150	60	0.2	0.3	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	112,530	57,005	55,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,225	6,170	6,060	10.9	10.8	10.9
French	98,965	50,110	48,850	87.9	87.9	88.0
English and French	1,145	590	560	1.0	1.0	1.0
Neither English nor French	195	140	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	112,530	57,005	55,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	110,415	55,925	54,495	98.1	98.1	98.2
Official languages	107,380	54,345	53,030	95.4	95.3	95.5
English	11,035	5,555	5,485	9.8	9.7	9.9
French	96,340	48,795	47,545	85.6	85.6	85.6
Non-official languages	3,040	1,575	1,460	2.7	2.8	2.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,025	1,575	1,455	2.7	2.8	2.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	370	200	165	0.3	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	330	175	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	310	175	135	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,080	1,095	990	1.8	1.9	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	325	165	165	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	315	160	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	170	90	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	55	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	240	115	130	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	170	80	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
German	140	70	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	80	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	110	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	105	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,335	720	620	1.2	1.3	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	55	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	1,055	575	480	0.9	1.0	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	115	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	215	115	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	170	90	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,110	1,085	1,030	1.9	1.9	1.9
English and French	1,730	880	850	1.5	1.5	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	230	125	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	112,530	57,005	55,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,685	4,835	4,850	8.6	8.5	8.7
French	93,040	47,170	45,870	82.7	82.7	82.6
Non-official language	805	455	355	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	805	455	355	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	6,695	3,380	3,315	5.9	5.9	6.0
English and non-official language(s)	315	160	155	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	1,265	635	625	1.1	1.1	1.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	685	350	335	0.6	0.6	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	112,530	57,005	55,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	110,440	55,970	54,470	98.1	98.2	98.1
Official languages	108,955	55,170	53,785	96.8	96.8	96.9
English	11,775	5,880	5,890	10.5	10.3	10.6
French	97,180	49,285	47,895	86.4	86.5	86.3
Non-official languages	1,485	800	685	1.3	1.4	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,485	800	685	1.3	1.4	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	125	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	115	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,085	595	490	1.0	1.0	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	45	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	830	460	370	0.7	0.8	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	710	405	305	0.6	0.7	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	135	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	135	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,090	1,040	1,050	1.9	1.8	1.9
English and French	1,605	795	805	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	345	175	165	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	112,530	57,005	55,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	105,450	53,415	52,040	93.7	93.7	93.7
English	3,495	1,785	1,715	3.1	3.1	3.1
French	2,230	1,115	1,115	2.0	2.0	2.0
Non-official language	795	400	400	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	790	395	395	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	125	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	240	125	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	135	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	111,195	56,240	54,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	110,985	56,115	54,870	99.8	99.8	99.9
English	52,490	27,805	24,680	47.2	49.4	44.9
French	106,795	53,945	52,850	96.0	95.9	96.2
Non-official languages	6,930	3,395	3,530	6.2	6.0	6.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,915	3,385	3,530	6.2	6.0	6.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	605	340	265	0.5	0.6	0.5
Berber languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	590	335	255	0.5	0.6	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	555	325	230	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	85	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	115	65	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	5,480	2,645	2,840	4.9	4.7	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	445	240	210	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	435	235	205	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	95	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	230	120	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	85	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	495	275	225	0.4	0.5	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	400	220	185	0.4	0.4	0.3
German	375	200	175	0.3	0.4	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	105	65	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	80	55	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	100	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,475	2,120	2,355	4.0	3.8	4.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	320	210	110	0.3	0.4	0.2
Portuguese	300	160	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	3,970	1,845	2,125	3.6	3.3	3.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	205	100	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	330	160	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	320	160	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	280	145	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	20	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	111,195	56,245	54,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,170	1,065	1,110	2.0	1.9	2.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,025	1,000	1,030	1.8	1.8	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,240	605	635	1.1	1.1	1.2
Métis	710	365	345	0.6	0.6	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	75	25	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	100	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	109,025	55,180	53,845	98.0	98.1	98.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	111,195	56,245	54,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	380	210	170	0.3	0.4	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	110,820	56,035	54,785	99.7	99.6	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	35,745	...	...	75.3	...	...
Renter	11,750	...	...	24.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,980	...	...	4.2	...	...
Not condominium	45,515	...	...	95.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	75	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	3,715	...	...	7.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,875	...	...	27.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,885	...	...	37.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,940	...	...	27.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,125	...	...	21.3	...	...
5 rooms	7,390	...	...	15.6	...	...
6 rooms	6,755	...	...	14.2	...	...
7 rooms	6,980	...	...	14.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,250	...	...	34.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,300	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	190	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	46,730	...	...	98.4	...	...
Not suitable	765	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	11,160	...	...	23.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,325	...	...	23.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,130	...	...	12.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,835	...	...	12.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,135	...	...	6.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,510	...	...	7.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	3,070	...	...	6.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	3,335	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	44,815	...	...	94.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,675	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	23,840	...	...	50.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	22,835	...	...	48.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	815	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,225	...	...	2.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,195	...	...	13.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,370	...	...	17.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,965	...	...	16.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,915	...	...	20.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,365	...	...	17.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,260	...	...	9.0	...	...
85 years and over	1,205	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	46,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	41,620	...	...	89.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,955	...	...	10.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,530	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	47,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	8,000	...	...	16.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,615	...	...	9.7	...	...
Not suitable only	680	...	...	1.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,315	...	...	4.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	305	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	39,495	...	...	83.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	46,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	940	...	...	2.0	...	...
Not in core need	45,215	...	...	98.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35,020	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.3	...	...	63.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,044	...	...	1,044	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,665	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.1	...	...	20.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	695	...	...	695	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	754	...	...	754	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	111,195	56,240	54,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,305	1,135	1,175	2.1	2.0	2.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,290	1,125	1,165	2.1	2.0	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,020	980	1,045	1.8	1.7	1.9
Métis single ancestry	205	120	80	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	65	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,865	1,965	1,895	3.5	3.5	3.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,830	1,955	1,875	3.4	3.5	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	3,520	1,815	1,705	3.2	3.2	3.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	225	100	130	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	105,025	53,140	51,880	94.5	94.5	94.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	111,195	56,245	54,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	109,220	55,140	54,075	98.2	98.0	98.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	24,590	12,645	11,945	22.1	22.5	21.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	84,630	42,495	42,135	76.1	75.6	76.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,975	1,100	875	1.8	2.0	1.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	111,195	56,245	54,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	105,555	53,240	52,315	94.9	94.7	95.2
Immigrants⁸¹	4,925	2,555	2,370	4.4	4.5	4.3
Before 1980	1,135	625	515	1.0	1.1	0.9
1980 to 1990	365	185	180	0.3	0.3	0.3
1991 to 2000	715	355	360	0.6	0.6	0.7
2001 to 2010	1,355	670	690	1.2	1.2	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,345	720	625	1.2	1.3	1.1
2011 to 2015	670	350	325	0.6	0.6	0.6
2016 to 2021	675	370	300	0.6	0.7	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	720	450	270	0.6	0.8	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,920	2,560	2,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	655	385	270	13.3	15.0	11.4
5 to 14 years	760	370	390	15.4	14.5	16.5
15 to 24 years	870	420	455	17.7	16.4	19.2
25 to 44 years	2,335	1,225	1,110	47.5	47.9	46.8
45 years and over	310	160	150	6.3	6.3	6.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,920	2,560	2,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,680	790	895	34.1	30.9	37.8
Brazil	145	75	70	2.9	2.9	3.0
Colombia	345	160	175	7.0	6.3	7.4
El Salvador	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	55	20	30	1.1	0.8	1.3
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mexico	55	20	35	1.1	0.8	1.5
Peru	65	30	35	1.3	1.2	1.5
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
United States of America	705	305	400	14.3	11.9	16.9
Other places of birth in Americas	270	155	120	5.5	6.1	5.1
Europe	2,060	1,140	920	41.9	44.5	38.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	100	60	40	2.0	2.3	1.7
Croatia	30	20	20	0.6	0.8	0.8
France	1,110	595	515	22.6	23.2	21.7
Germany	65	50	15	1.3	2.0	0.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	65	45	15	1.3	1.8	0.6
Netherlands	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Poland	50	35	20	1.0	1.4	0.8
Portugal	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Romania	45	30	20	0.9	1.2	0.8
Russian Federation	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	140	90	45	2.8	3.5	1.9
Other places of birth in Europe	360	180	175	7.3	7.0	7.4
Africa	605	355	240	12.3	13.9	10.1
Algeria	95	60	35	1.9	2.3	1.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	25	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Egypt	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	165	95	65	3.4	3.7	2.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	300	170	130	6.1	6.6	5.5
Asia	570	265	300	11.6	10.4	12.7
Afghanistan	55	25	25	1.1	1.0	1.1
Iran⁸⁸	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.8
Iraq	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.6
Lebanon	55	25	25	1.1	1.0	1.1
Syria⁸⁹	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Turkey	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
China⁹⁰	115	40	75	2.3	1.6	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Philippines	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
Viet Nam	40	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	35	20	1.2	1.4	0.8
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	50	60	2.1	2.0	2.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	670	370	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	190	115	80	28.4	31.1	26.7
Brazil	35	20	20	5.2	5.4	6.7
Colombia	65	40	25	9.7	10.8	8.3
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	35	25	10	5.2	6.8	3.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	10	0	2.2	2.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	25	10	5.2	6.8	3.3
Europe	310	180	130	46.3	48.6	43.3
France	265	145	115	39.6	39.2	38.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.5	2.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	5.2	5.4	5.0
Africa	70	35	35	10.4	9.5	11.7
Algeria	20	10	10	3.0	2.7	3.3
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	4.5	5.4	3.3
Asia	100	40	55	14.9	10.8	18.3
Afghanistan	15	10	10	2.2	2.7	3.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	3.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	20	15	10	3.0	4.1	3.3
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	111,195	56,245	54,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,605	3,420	3,185	5.9	6.1	5.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	5,905	3,020	2,885	5.3	5.4	5.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	98,690	49,800	48,885	88.8	88.5	89.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,785	1,935	1,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,035	1,095	945	53.8	56.6	51.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	975	625	350	25.8	32.3	18.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,060	465	595	28.0	24.0	32.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,040	450	600	27.5	23.3	32.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	655	375	285	17.3	19.4	15.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	50	20	30	1.3	1.0	1.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,785	1,935	1,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	125	75	50	3.3	3.9	2.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	535	310	230	14.1	16.0	12.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	150	60	95	4.0	3.1	5.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	255	145	110	6.7	7.5	5.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	50	15	35	1.3	0.8	1.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,660	1,330	1,330	70.3	68.7	71.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	111,195	56,245	54,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,825	2,005	1,820	3.4	3.6	3.3
South Asian	215	100	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese	375	155	220	0.3	0.3	0.4
Black	930	490	440	0.8	0.9	0.8
Filipino	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	585	345	240	0.5	0.6	0.4
Latin American	1,070	565	505	1.0	1.0	0.9
Southeast Asian	255	130	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	95	55	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	55	30	25	0.0	0.1	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	45	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	115	65	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	107,375	54,245	53,130	96.6	96.4	96.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	111,195	56,245	54,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	42,305	21,380	20,925	38.0	38.0	38.1
English	4,375	2,230	2,145	3.9	4.0	3.9
Irish	6,760	3,250	3,515	6.1	5.8	6.4
Scottish	3,835	1,940	1,900	3.4	3.4	3.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	27,875	14,000	13,875	25.1	24.9	25.3
German	1,840	925	915	1.7	1.6	1.7
Chinese	420	165	250	0.4	0.3	0.5
Italian	1,785	915	870	1.6	1.6	1.6
Indian (India)	300	190	110	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ukrainian	150	75	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	430	200	230	0.4	0.4	0.4
Polish	380	210	170	0.3	0.4	0.3
Québécois	14,680	7,410	7,260	13.2	13.2	13.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	830	380	450	0.7	0.7	0.8
Filipino	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	9,565	4,815	4,755	8.6	8.6	8.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,185	1,075	1,115	2.0	1.9	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	2,805	1,445	1,365	2.5	2.6	2.5
Métis	475	235	240	0.4	0.4	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,360	695	665	1.2	1.2	1.2
Russian	145	85	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Norwegian	170	100	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Welsh	315	155	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	295	175	115	0.3	0.3	0.2
American	1,120	565	560	1.0	1.0	1.0
Spanish	710	310	400	0.6	0.6	0.7
Swedish	150	60	85	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	160	80	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	675	285	390	0.6	0.5	0.7
Pakistani	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	185	120	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	165	70	95	0.1	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	145	85	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	250	145	105	0.2	0.3	0.2
Greek	110	40	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	95	35	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	235	120	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,350	680	665	1.2	1.2	1.2
Danish	145	80	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	750	395	355	0.7	0.7	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	140	85	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belgian	695	380	320	0.6	0.7	0.6
Haitian	270	160	110	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindu	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	205	105	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	450	230	215	0.4	0.4	0.4
Finnish	40	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	30	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	415	200	215	0.4	0.4	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	65	20	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	150	70	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	435	200	235	0.4	0.4	0.4
Moroccan	255	140	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	60	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syrian	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	80	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	90	65	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	50	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	155	75	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	115	80	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	195	95	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovak	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	515	245	265	0.5	0.4	0.5
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Congolese	95	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	180	90	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israeli	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	50	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	55	35	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	70	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Venezuelan	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	200	100	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	80	70	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	190	105	80	0.2	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	435	205	225	0.4	0.4	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	250	115	135	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	175	90	80	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	160	100	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	100	20	80	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	260	130	135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	35	35	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	125	50	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	40	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	111,195	56,245	54,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	150	60	90	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian	75,935	37,655	38,275	68.3	66.9	69.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	5,190	2,615	2,575	4.7	4.6	4.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,645	760	880	1.5	1.4	1.6
Baptist	585	315	270	0.5	0.6	0.5
Catholic	64,870	32,125	32,740	58.3	57.1	59.6
Christian Orthodox	185	85	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	410	220	195	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	110	40	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	1,115	510	605	1.0	0.9	1.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,665	895	770	1.5	1.6	1.4
Hindu	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	90	35	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	905	495	410	0.8	0.9	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	365	160	210	0.3	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	33,715	17,835	15,885	30.3	31.7	28.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	110,070	55,615	54,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	98,185	49,800	48,385	89.2	89.5	88.8
Movers	11,885	5,820	6,065	10.8	10.5	11.1
Non-migrants	6,785	3,340	3,445	6.2	6.0	6.3
Migrants	5,100	2,480	2,625	4.6	4.5	4.8
Internal migrants	4,815	2,325	2,490	4.4	4.2	4.6
Intraprovincial migrants	4,595	2,210	2,380	4.2	4.0	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	220	115	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
External migrants	285	150	130	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	105,145	53,115	52,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	67,580	34,435	33,145	64.3	64.8	63.7
Movers	37,560	18,675	18,885	35.7	35.2	36.3
Non-migrants	16,920	8,410	8,510	16.1	15.8	16.4
Migrants	20,645	10,270	10,375	19.6	19.3	19.9
Internal migrants	19,380	9,565	9,820	18.4	18.0	18.9
Intraprovincial migrants	18,510	9,100	9,405	17.6	17.1	18.1
Interprovincial migrants	870	465	410	0.8	0.9	0.8
External migrants	1,260	700	560	1.2	1.3	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	90,380	45,525	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	19,810	11,715	8,090	21.9	25.7	18.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	70,570	33,805	36,770	78.1	74.3	82.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	57,235	28,880	28,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,505	5,510	2,995	14.9	19.1	10.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	48,735	23,365	25,370	85.1	80.9	89.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	90,380	45,520	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,465	9,985	7,480	19.3	21.9	16.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	19,500	9,475	10,025	21.6	20.8	22.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,420	26,060	27,355	59.1	57.2	61.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	36,290	18,805	17,485	40.2	41.3	39.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	18,320	11,035	7,285	20.3	24.2	16.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	13,245	6,965	6,280	14.7	15.3	14.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	5,075	4,070	1,010	5.6	8.9	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	15,290	6,720	8,575	16.9	14.8	19.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,675	1,045	1,625	3.0	2.3	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	17,130	7,265	9,865	19.0	16.0	22.0
Bachelor's degree	10,490	4,210	6,280	11.6	9.2	14.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,380	590	785	1.5	1.3	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	505	245	260	0.6	0.5	0.6
Master's degree	3,735	1,625	2,110	4.1	3.6	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	1,020	590	425	1.1	1.3	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	57,240	28,875	28,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,975	4,395	2,575	12.2	15.2	9.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,270	5,355	4,920	17.9	18.5	17.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,990	19,130	20,865	69.9	66.3	73.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	26,630	13,765	12,865	46.5	47.7	45.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,250	8,420	5,825	24.9	29.2	20.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10,385	5,355	5,025	18.1	18.5	17.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,860	3,065	795	6.7	10.6	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,590	4,665	5,915	18.5	16.2	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,795	675	1,120	3.1	2.3	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	13,365	5,365	8,000	23.3	18.6	28.2
Bachelor's degree	8,275	3,250	5,025	14.5	11.3	17.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,015	380	630	1.8	1.3	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	125	195	0.6	0.4	0.7
Master's degree	2,925	1,160	1,765	5.1	4.0	6.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	835	450	385	1.5	1.6	1.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	90,380	45,520	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	36,965	19,455	17,505	40.9	42.7	39.0
Education	4,650	1,025	3,625	5.1	2.3	8.1
13. Education	4,650	1,025	3,625	5.1	2.3	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,500	635	870	1.7	1.4	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	125	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	1,335	510	825	1.5	1.1	1.8
Humanities	2,680	1,205	1,475	3.0	2.6	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	240	75	165	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	145	45	90	0.2	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,435	660	780	1.6	1.4	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	80	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	265	185	80	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	300	85	220	0.3	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,365	1,360	3,005	4.8	3.0	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	85	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	515	205	315	0.6	0.5	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	915	70	845	1.0	0.2	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	670	260	410	0.7	0.6	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	145	45	100	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	1,030	245	790	1.1	0.5	1.8
45. Social sciences	1,005	490	515	1.1	1.1	1.1
Business, management and public administration	10,985	3,665	7,320	12.2	8.1	16.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	765	150	615	0.8	0.3	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,220	3,515	6,700	11.3	7.7	14.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,895	1,070	820	2.1	2.4	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	775	370	400	0.9	0.8	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	275	170	105	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	305	175	130	0.3	0.4	0.3
40. Physical sciences	395	325	70	0.4	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	140	30	110	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,265	835	425	1.4	1.8	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,095	770	325	1.2	1.7	0.7
25. Library science	65	0	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	12,450	11,550	905	13.8	25.4	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	210	125	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	1,500	1,260	245	1.7	2.8	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,415	2,125	290	2.7	4.7	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	3,110	3,045	65	3.4	6.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,985	2,900	85	3.3	6.4	0.2
48. Precision production	2,225	2,095	135	2.5	4.6	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,345	1,440	905	2.6	3.2	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,775	985	790	2.0	2.2	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	570	455	115	0.6	1.0	0.3
Health and related fields	7,245	1,320	5,925	8.0	2.9	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	380	220	160	0.4	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	6,660	1,005	5,660	7.4	2.2	12.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	200	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,975	1,940	2,035	4.4	4.3	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,355	515	1,835	2.6	1.1	4.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	645	555	85	0.7	1.2	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	955	855	100	1.1	1.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	57,235	28,880	28,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	17,245	9,750	7,495	30.1	33.8	26.4
Education	3,200	590	2,610	5.6	2.0	9.2
13. Education	3,200	590	2,610	5.6	2.0	9.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,135	465	675	2.0	1.6	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	100	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	1,000	365	635	1.7	1.3	2.2
Humanities	1,650	725	925	2.9	2.5	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	170	50	120	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	85	20	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	850	410	435	1.5	1.4	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
54. History	185	115	70	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	185	45	140	0.3	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,180	850	2,325	5.6	2.9	8.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	410	155	260	0.7	0.5	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	750	35	715	1.3	0.1	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	495	160	335	0.9	0.6	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	105	35	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	675	110	560	1.2	0.4	2.0
45. Social sciences	675	330	340	1.2	1.1	1.2
Business, management and public administration	8,535	2,700	5,840	14.9	9.3	20.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	610	105	505	1.1	0.4	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,920	2,590	5,335	13.8	9.0	18.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,205	660	550	2.1	2.3	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	615	290	325	1.1	1.0	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	60	50	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	280	220	60	0.5	0.8	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	25	85	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,040	725	320	1.8	2.5	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	950	670	270	1.7	2.3	1.0
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	40	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	9,590	8,810	775	16.8	30.5	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	155	80	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	1,330	1,105	225	2.3	3.8	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,820	1,570	250	3.2	5.4	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,385	2,345	40	4.2	8.1	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,215	2,150	70	3.9	7.4	0.2
48. Precision production	1,685	1,570	110	2.9	5.4	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,850	1,135	720	3.2	3.9	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,405	785	620	2.5	2.7	2.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	445	345	100	0.8	1.2	0.4
Health and related fields	5,425	975	4,455	9.5	3.4	15.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	305	185	130	0.5	0.6	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,990	745	4,245	8.7	2.6	15.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	125	50	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,135	1,490	1,645	5.5	5.2	5.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,910	410	1,500	3.3	1.4	5.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	495	430	65	0.9	1.5	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	725	645	80	1.3	2.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	57,235	28,880	28,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,245	9,750	7,495	30.1	33.8	26.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	39,995	19,130	20,865	69.9	66.2	73.6
Location of study inside Canada	38,165	18,165	19,995	66.7	62.9	70.5
Same as province or territory of residence	37,425	17,820	19,605	65.4	61.7	69.1
Different than province or territory of residence	735	345	390	1.3	1.2	1.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,830	965	865	3.2	3.3	3.1
Americas	565	280	285	1.0	1.0	1.0
United States of America	250	120	125	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexico	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cuba	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	70	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	885	490	395	1.5	1.7	1.4
Belgium	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	610	340	270	1.1	1.2	1.0
Germany	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Africa	185	105	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Morocco	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	170	75	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Australia	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	90,380	45,520	44,860	...	...	...
In the labour force	59,670	31,275	28,400	...	...	...
Employed	56,815	29,860	26,950	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,860	1,410	1,445	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	30,710	14,250	16,460	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.0	68.7	63.3	66.0	68.7	63.3
Employment rate	62.9	65.6	60.1	62.9	65.6	60.1
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.5	5.1	4.8	4.5	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	90,380	45,520	44,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	29,745	13,665	16,085	32.9	30.0	35.9
Worked	60,635	31,855	28,780	67.1	70.0	64.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	32,795	18,005	14,795	36.3	39.6	33.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	27,840	13,855	13,985	30.8	30.4	31.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.8	42.1	42.4	42.8	42.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	59,670	31,270	28,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	830	370	455	1.4	1.2	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	58,845	30,895	27,950	98.6	98.8	98.4
Employee	50,340	25,750	24,595	84.4	82.3	86.6
Permanent position	42,950	22,170	20,775	72.0	70.9	73.2
Temporary position	7,395	3,580	3,815	12.4	11.4	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	2,365	930	1,435	4.0	3.0	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	5,030	2,645	2,380	8.4	8.5	8.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	8,500	5,155	3,355	14.2	16.5	11.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	59,670	31,270	28,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	830	370	455	1.4	1.2	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	58,845	30,895	27,950	98.6	98.8	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	1,140	790	355	1.9	2.5	1.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,775	2,775	6,000	14.7	8.9	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,595	2,735	860	6.0	8.7	3.0
3 Health occupations	5,465	890	4,575	9.2	2.8	16.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,645	2,100	5,545	12.8	6.7	19.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,435	705	730	2.4	2.3	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	13,175	5,835	7,340	22.1	18.7	25.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,060	10,330	730	18.5	33.0	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,495	1,835	660	4.2	5.9	2.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,055	2,905	1,150	6.8	9.3	4.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	59,670	31,270	28,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	830	370	455	1.4	1.2	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	58,845	30,895	27,950	98.6	98.8	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,535	1,775	760	4.2	5.7	2.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	170	155	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
22 Utilities	235	185	50	0.4	0.6	0.2
23 Construction	4,880	4,255	625	8.2	13.6	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	9,100	6,470	2,630	15.3	20.7	9.3
41 Wholesale trade	1,410	1,010	400	2.4	3.2	1.4
44-45 Retail trade	6,605	3,230	3,380	11.1	10.3	11.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,160	1,785	375	3.6	5.7	1.3
51 Information and cultural industries	670	430	240	1.1	1.4	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	1,515	580	935	2.5	1.9	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	580	325	255	1.0	1.0	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,405	1,775	1,630	5.7	5.7	5.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,840	1,120	720	3.1	3.6	2.5
61 Educational services	5,595	1,855	3,735	9.4	5.9	13.2
62 Health care and social assistance	9,215	1,580	7,630	15.4	5.1	26.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	935	525	410	1.6	1.7	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	2,900	1,205	1,695	4.9	3.9	6.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,710	1,335	1,375	4.5	4.3	4.8
91 Public administration	2,375	1,295	1,080	4.0	4.1	3.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	63,625	33,325	30,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,230	1,860	1,375	5.1	5.6	4.5
French	46,705	24,065	22,645	73.4	72.2	74.7
Non-official language	80	70	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	70	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	13,220	7,120	6,100	20.8	21.4	20.1
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	165	100	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	200	100	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	63,625	33,325	30,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	61,775	32,325	29,450	97.1	97.0	97.2
Official languages	61,655	32,230	29,420	96.9	96.7	97.1
English	5,710	3,195	2,515	9.0	9.6	8.3
French	55,945	29,040	26,910	87.9	87.1	88.8
Non-official languages	120	90	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	120	90	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	85	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	85	15	0.1	0.3	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	90	85	15	0.1	0.3	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,855	1,000	850	2.9	3.0	2.8
English and French	1,830	990	840	2.9	3.0	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	63,625	33,325	30,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	51,865	26,990	24,870	81.5	81.0	82.1
English	8,985	4,830	4,160	14.1	14.5	13.7
French	2,450	1,325	1,125	3.9	4.0	3.7
Non-official language	140	85	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	85	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	150	75	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	56,815	29,860	26,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	9,430	4,685	4,740	16.6	15.7	17.6
Worked outside Canada	215	155	60	0.4	0.5	0.2
No fixed workplace address	6,180	4,765	1,415	10.9	16.0	5.2
Usual place of work	40,990	20,255	20,735	72.1	67.8	76.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	40,990	20,255	20,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,110	10,950	12,160	56.4	54.1	58.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,120	2,040	2,080	10.1	10.1	10.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,650	7,190	6,460	33.3	35.5	31.2
Commute to a different province or territory	105	80	25	0.3	0.4	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	47,165	25,020	22,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	43,635	23,260	20,375	92.5	93.0	92.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	41,450	22,285	19,165	87.9	89.1	86.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,185	975	1,210	4.6	3.9	5.5
Public transit	565	230	335	1.2	0.9	1.5
Walked	2,060	1,025	1,035	4.4	4.1	4.7
Bicycle	220	175	40	0.5	0.7	0.2
Other method	685	320	365	1.5	1.3	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	47,165	25,020	22,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	16,700	8,660	8,040	35.4	34.6	36.3
15 to 29 minutes	19,730	9,865	9,860	41.8	39.4	44.5
30 to 44 minutes	7,150	4,130	3,020	15.2	16.5	13.6
45 to 59 minutes	2,030	1,190	835	4.3	4.8	3.8
60 minutes and over	1,560	1,165	395	3.3	4.7	1.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	47,165	25,020	22,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,860	2,305	555	6.1	9.2	2.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,260	6,460	2,795	19.6	25.8	12.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,440	7,950	8,485	34.9	31.8	38.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,095	3,565	5,525	19.3	14.2	24.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,255	1,250	2,000	6.9	5.0	9.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,260	3,480	2,785	13.3	13.9	12.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	25,200	13,005	12,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,665	2,435	2,225	18.5	18.7	18.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20,535	10,570	9,970	81.5	81.3	81.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	18,575	9,570	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,450	1,795	1,655	18.6	18.8	18.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	2,645	1,355	1,285	14.2	14.2	14.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	805	440	365	4.3	4.6	4.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15,125	7,770	7,355	81.4	81.2	81.7

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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