Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Coaticook, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,906	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,497	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,913	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,070	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14.1	...	...	14.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,338.86	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,910	9,600	9,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,475	1,765	1,705	18.4	18.4	18.3
0 to 4 years	1,125	595	530	5.9	6.2	5.7
5 to 9 years	1,140	575	565	6.0	6.0	6.1
10 to 14 years	1,205	605	605	6.4	6.3	6.5
15 to 64 years	11,185	5,720	5,470	59.1	59.6	58.8
15 to 19 years	1,015	535	475	5.4	5.6	5.1
20 to 24 years	860	460	400	4.5	4.8	4.3
25 to 29 years	995	515	480	5.3	5.4	5.2
30 to 34 years	1,070	535	530	5.7	5.6	5.7
35 to 39 years	1,105	570	530	5.8	5.9	5.7
40 to 44 years	1,110	560	545	5.9	5.8	5.9
45 to 49 years	995	500	495	5.3	5.2	5.3
50 to 54 years	1,075	555	520	5.7	5.8	5.6
55 to 59 years	1,420	725	695	7.5	7.6	7.5
60 to 64 years	1,550	755	790	8.2	7.9	8.5
65 years and over	4,245	2,110	2,135	22.4	22.0	22.9
65 to 69 years	1,265	675	590	6.7	7.0	6.3
70 to 74 years	1,120	570	545	5.9	5.9	5.9
75 to 79 years	800	405	390	4.2	4.2	4.2
80 to 84 years	515	240	280	2.7	2.5	3.0
85 years and over	550	225	325	2.9	2.3	3.5
85 to 89 years	325	145	180	1.7	1.5	1.9
90 to 94 years	165	60	105	0.9	0.6	1.1
95 to 99 years	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	18.4	18.3	18.4	18.4	18.3
15 to 64 years	59.1	59.6	58.8	59.1	59.6	58.8
65 years and over	22.4	22.0	22.9	22.4	22.0	22.9
85 years and over	2.9	2.3	3.5	2.9	2.3	3.5
Average age of the population	43.1	42.7	43.6	43.1	42.7	43.6
Median age of the population	44.4	43.6	44.8	44.4	43.6	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,755	...	...	71.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	230	...	...	2.9	...	...
Row house	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	470	...	...	5.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,490	...	...	18.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,525	...	...	31.3	...	...
2 persons	3,075	...	...	38.1	...	...
3 persons	955	...	...	11.8	...	...
4 persons	880	...	...	10.9	...	...
5 or more persons	630	...	...	7.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,545	9,445	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,430	7,830	7,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,505	4,750	4,750	61.6	60.7	62.5
Married	5,180	2,600	2,580	33.6	33.2	33.9
Living common-law	4,325	2,150	2,170	28.0	27.5	28.5
Living common law - Never married	3,435	1,700	1,735	22.3	21.7	22.8
Living common law - Separated	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	770	400	370	5.0	5.1	4.9
Living common law - Widowed	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	5,930	3,075	2,850	38.4	39.3	37.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,910	2,285	1,620	25.3	29.2	21.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	165	80	90	1.1	1.0	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	995	490	505	6.4	6.3	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	855	220	640	5.5	2.8	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,030	...	...	56.3	...	...
3 persons	910	...	...	16.9	...	...
4 persons	865	...	...	16.1	...	...
5 or more persons	575	...	...	10.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,680	...	...	87.0	...	...
Married couples	2,515	...	...	46.7	...	...
With children⁶	810	...	...	15.1	...	...
Without children	1,705	...	...	31.7	...	...
Common-law couples	2,160	...	...	40.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,225	...	...	22.8	...	...
Without children	935	...	...	17.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	700	...	...	13.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	485	...	...	9.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	215	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,545	9,445	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,370	7,705	7,660	82.9	81.6	84.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,355	4,665	4,690	50.4	49.4	51.6
Parents in one-parent families	705	210	490	3.8	2.2	5.4
Children⁶	5,315	2,830	2,485	28.7	30.0	27.3
In a two-parent family	4,190	2,230	1,960	22.6	23.6	21.6
In a one-parent family	1,125	600	520	6.1	6.4	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,175	1,740	1,435	17.1	18.4	15.8
Living alone	2,525	1,370	1,155	13.6	14.5	12.7
Living with other relatives⁷	240	110	130	1.3	1.2	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	410	255	150	2.2	2.7	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,135	...	...	63.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,505	...	...	55.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,955	...	...	24.2	...	...
Without children	2,550	...	...	31.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	625	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	130	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	205	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	2,525	...	...	31.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,070	7,680	7,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,845	7,550	7,290	98.5	98.3	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,000	34,400	37,200	40,000	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,845	7,550	7,295	98.5	98.3	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	35,200	31,600	33,200	35,200	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,575	6,965	6,610	90.1	90.7	89.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800	34,000	23,600	28,800	34,000	23,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,935	5,835	5,105	72.6	76.0	69.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	34,400	26,400	30,600	34,400	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,705	6,325	6,380	84.3	82.4	86.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	9,300	13,200	11,500	9,300	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,085	1,130	955	13.8	14.7	12.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,000	5,040	5,000	5,000	5,040	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,045	2,160	1,890	26.8	28.1	25.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,000	6,000	5,480	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,075	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,825	7,560	7,265	98.3	98.4	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,560	45,880	39,120	42,560	45,880	39,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,825	7,560	7,265	98.3	98.4	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,440	38,560	34,280	36,440	38,560	34,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,595	6,995	6,605	90.2	91.1	89.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,760	39,640	29,560	34,760	39,640	29,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,935	5,850	5,090	72.5	76.2	68.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,520	39,160	31,360	35,520	39,160	31,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,860	6,385	6,475	85.3	83.1	87.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,340	10,910	13,740	12,340	10,910	13,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,090	1,150	940	13.9	15.0	12.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,100	5,800	6,460	6,100	5,800	6,460
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,085	2,235	1,855	27.1	29.1	25.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,760	6,360	7,250	6,760	6,360	7,250
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,070	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,240	3,030	2,215	34.8	39.5	30.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,800	46,400	43,200	44,800	46,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,800	51,200	47,880	49,800	51,200	47,880
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,445	2,185	2,260	29.5	28.5	30.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	24,400	16,200	19,600	24,400	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,580	30,240	21,080	25,580	30,240	21,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.8	80.0	68.6	74.8	80.0	68.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.5	66.0	56.1	61.5	66.0	56.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.2	20.1	31.3	25.2	20.1	31.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.9	6.0	5.4	4.9	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.1	4.7	4.4	4.1	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,070	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	230	130	105	1.5	1.7	1.4
With total income	14,840	7,555	7,290	98.5	98.4	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	865	415	445	5.8	5.5	6.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,060	890	1,170	13.9	11.8	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,810	1,355	1,455	18.9	17.9	20.0
$30,000 to $39,999	2,335	1,120	1,215	15.7	14.8	16.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,225	1,120	1,100	15.0	14.8	15.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,675	925	750	11.3	12.2	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,025	595	425	6.9	7.9	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	645	395	245	4.3	5.2	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	410	240	170	2.8	3.2	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	280	155	120	1.9	2.1	1.6
$100,000 and over	520	340	180	3.5	4.5	2.5
$100,000 to $149,999	390	245	140	2.6	3.2	1.9
$150,000 and over	135	100	40	0.9	1.3	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,070	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	225	125	100	1.5	1.6	1.4
With after-tax income	14,850	7,555	7,290	98.5	98.4	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	920	435	485	6.2	5.8	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,175	935	1,240	14.6	12.4	17.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,270	1,605	1,670	22.0	21.2	22.9
$30,000 to $39,999	3,040	1,560	1,480	20.5	20.6	20.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,380	1,270	1,110	16.0	16.8	15.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,415	795	620	9.5	10.5	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	745	420	325	5.0	5.6	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	415	235	185	2.8	3.1	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	190	110	80	1.3	1.5	1.1
$90,000 to $99,999	110	55	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
$100,000 and over	185	130	60	1.2	1.7	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	95	65	35	0.6	0.9	0.5
$125,000 and over	90	65	25	0.6	0.9	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,070	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,140	1,845	2,295	27.5	24.0	31.1
With employment income	10,935	5,835	5,100	72.6	76.0	69.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,435	745	690	13.1	12.8	13.5
$5,000 to $9,999	860	355	500	7.9	6.1	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,575	755	820	14.4	12.9	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,515	715	805	13.9	12.3	15.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,540	805	740	14.1	13.8	14.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,330	760	565	12.2	13.0	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	910	605	310	8.3	10.4	6.1
$60,000 to $69,999	610	385	225	5.6	6.6	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	400	265	135	3.7	4.5	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	285	145	140	2.6	2.5	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	155	100	55	1.4	1.7	1.1
$100,000 and over	315	200	115	2.9	3.4	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	180	115	65	1.6	2.0	1.3
$125,000 and over	135	85	50	1.2	1.5	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,070	7,680	7,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,670	7,455	7,215	97.3	97.1	97.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,400	31,600	34,800	38,400	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,670	7,455	7,215	97.3	97.1	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	33,600	29,000	31,400	33,600	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,420	6,900	6,520	89.1	89.8	88.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	35,200	24,800	29,600	35,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,030	5,875	5,150	73.2	76.5	69.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	35,200	27,200	31,000	35,200	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,585	5,650	5,940	76.9	73.6	80.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	6,950	10,900	9,000	6,950	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,105	1,170	935	14.0	15.2	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,360	4,400	4,360	4,360	4,400	4,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,075	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,665	7,470	7,195	97.3	97.3	97.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	44,160	36,080	40,200	44,160	36,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,665	7,470	7,195	97.3	97.3	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,320	36,840	31,720	34,320	36,840	31,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,460	6,955	6,500	89.3	90.6	88.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,960	40,280	29,280	34,960	40,280	29,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,070	5,905	5,165	73.4	76.9	69.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,840	38,880	30,280	34,840	38,880	30,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,765	5,815	5,950	78.0	75.7	80.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,110	8,520	11,660	10,110	8,520	11,660
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,135	1,190	945	14.2	15.5	12.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,060	5,560	6,680	6,060	5,560	6,680
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,070	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,225	3,005	2,215	34.7	39.1	30.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	42,000	44,000	39,200	42,000	44,000	39,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	46,520	48,760	43,440	46,520	48,760	43,440
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,235	2,110	2,125	28.1	27.5	28.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	29,200	18,600	23,400	29,200	18,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,360	33,520	23,240	28,360	33,520	23,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.8	85.0	73.2	79.8	85.0	73.2
Employment income (%)	65.4	69.6	60.2	65.4	69.6	60.2
Government transfers (%)	20.2	15.0	26.7	20.2	15.0	26.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,525	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,400	...	...	30,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,070	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,520	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,840	...	...	40,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,640	...	...	34,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,200	...	...	95,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...	81,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	535	...	...	6.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	370	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	360	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	415	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	445	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	375	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	735	...	...	9.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	675	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	620	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	560	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	510	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,135	...	...	26.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	925	...	...	11.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	535	...	...	6.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	460	...	...	5.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	215	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	575	...	...	7.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	420	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	435	...	...	5.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	525	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	490	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	435	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	815	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	760	...	...	9.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	750	...	...	9.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	610	...	...	7.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,400	...	...	17.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	770	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	355	...	...	4.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	285	...	...	3.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,400	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,935	1,635	1,305	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	35,200	29,600	32,400	35,200	29,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,000	31,600	27,800	30,000	31,600	27,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,100	...	...	95,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,500	...	...	81,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,565	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,100	...	...	82,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,700	...	...	118,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,700	...	...	101,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,500	...	...	63,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,940	1,645	1,295	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,280	42,440	37,560	40,280	42,440	37,560
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,320	35,800	32,480	34,320	35,800	32,480
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,545	9,450	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,105	2,095	2,005	22.1	22.2	22.0
0 to 5 years	1,360	710	640	7.3	7.5	7.0
18 to 64 years	10,510	5,365	5,145	56.7	56.8	56.5
65 years and over	3,930	1,990	1,940	21.2	21.1	21.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,275	1,120	1,160	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	370	190	180	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	125	70	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,020	535	490	...	...	...
65 years and over	885	395	490	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	11.8	12.7	12.3	11.8	12.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0	9.0	9.0	9.0	9.0	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	10.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.9	9.5	9.7	9.9	9.5
65 years and over (%)	22.5	19.8	25.2	22.5	19.8	25.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,545	9,450	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,105	2,095	2,010	22.1	22.2	22.1
0 to 5 years	1,355	715	645	7.3	7.6	7.1
18 to 64 years	10,505	5,360	5,145	56.6	56.7	56.6
65 years and over	3,935	1,990	1,945	21.2	21.1	21.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	360	215	150	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	25	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	270	160	105	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	30	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.9	2.3	1.6	1.9	2.3	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.0	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.1	0.9
0 to 5 years (%)	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	3.0	2.1	2.6	3.0	2.1
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.4	1.1	1.2	1.4	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,550	9,450	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,515	6,390	6,120	67.5	67.6	67.3
In bottom decile	1,750	880	870	9.4	9.3	9.6
In second decile	2,695	1,340	1,355	14.5	14.2	14.9
In third decile	2,835	1,450	1,390	15.3	15.3	15.3
In fourth decile	2,820	1,470	1,350	15.2	15.6	14.8
In fifth decile	2,410	1,250	1,160	13.0	13.2	12.7
In top half of the distribution	6,025	3,055	2,975	32.5	32.3	32.7
In sixth decile	2,005	1,005	1,000	10.8	10.6	11.0
In seventh decile	1,695	855	835	9.1	9.0	9.2
In eighth decile	1,190	615	575	6.4	6.5	6.3
In ninth decile	685	350	340	3.7	3.7	3.7
In top decile	460	235	220	2.5	2.5	2.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,545	...	...	18,545	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.413	...	...	0.413	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.233	...	...	0.233	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,805	9,550	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	660	335	325	3.5	3.5	3.5
French only	10,490	5,250	5,235	55.8	55.0	56.6
English and French	7,615	3,925	3,690	40.5	41.1	39.9
Neither English nor French	40	40	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,805	9,550	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,040	1,030	1,005	10.8	10.8	10.9
French	16,585	8,410	8,175	88.2	88.1	88.4
English and French	135	70	70	0.7	0.7	0.8
Neither English nor French	40	40	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,805	9,550	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,465	9,375	9,095	98.2	98.2	98.3
Official languages	18,205	9,215	8,985	96.8	96.5	97.1
English	1,900	960	935	10.1	10.1	10.1
French	16,310	8,255	8,045	86.7	86.4	87.0
Non-official languages	260	155	105	1.4	1.6	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	260	155	100	1.4	1.6	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	200	120	80	1.1	1.3	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Frisian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	80	35	0.6	0.8	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	65	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	335	180	160	1.8	1.9	1.7
English and French	305	165	145	1.6	1.7	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,805	9,550	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,570	780	790	8.3	8.2	8.5
French	15,865	8,065	7,800	84.4	84.5	84.3
Non-official language	75	60	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	75	60	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
English and French	1,115	560	555	5.9	5.9	6.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	90	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,805	9,550	9,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,455	9,375	9,080	98.1	98.2	98.2
Official languages	18,355	9,300	9,050	97.6	97.4	97.8
English	1,920	960	960	10.2	10.1	10.4
French	16,430	8,340	8,090	87.4	87.3	87.5
Non-official languages	95	70	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	95	70	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	85	65	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	55	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	55	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	350	175	170	1.9	1.8	1.8
English and French	310	155	160	1.6	1.6	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,800	9,550	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,850	9,080	8,775	94.9	95.1	94.8
English	495	245	250	2.6	2.6	2.7
French	325	170	160	1.7	1.8	1.7
Non-official language	70	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,545	9,445	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,530	9,440	9,095	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	8,220	4,320	3,900	44.3	45.7	42.9
French	17,815	9,085	8,740	96.1	96.2	96.0
Non-official languages	650	340	310	3.5	3.6	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	330	310	3.5	3.5	3.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	570	285	280	3.1	3.0	3.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
German	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	455	230	230	2.5	2.4	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	425	210	215	2.3	2.2	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,545	9,450	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	460	255	210	2.5	2.7	2.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	440	240	200	2.4	2.5	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	250	155	95	1.3	1.6	1.0
Métis	175	85	85	0.9	0.9	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	18,085	9,195	8,890	97.5	97.3	97.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,545	9,450	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,480	9,415	9,070	99.6	99.6	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,715	...	...	70.8	...	...
Renter	2,355	...	...	29.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	310	...	...	3.8	...	...
Not condominium	7,760	...	...	96.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	675	...	...	8.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,150	...	...	26.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,800	...	...	34.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,430	...	...	30.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,865	...	...	23.1	...	...
5 rooms	1,295	...	...	16.0	...	...
6 rooms	1,040	...	...	12.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,170	...	...	14.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,705	...	...	33.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,025	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,910	...	...	98.0	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,875	...	...	35.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,975	...	...	24.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,090	...	...	13.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	745	...	...	9.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	395	...	...	4.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	360	...	...	4.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	335	...	...	4.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	295	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,535	...	...	93.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	540	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,350	...	...	53.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,625	...	...	44.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	230	...	...	2.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	985	...	...	12.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,265	...	...	15.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,195	...	...	14.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,760	...	...	21.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,505	...	...	18.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	820	...	...	10.2	...	...
85 years and over	310	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,880	...	...	89.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	790	...	...	10.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	720	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,420	...	...	17.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	740	...	...	9.2	...	...
Not suitable only	145	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	470	...	...	5.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,650	...	...	82.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	105	...	...	1.4	...	...
Not in core need	7,495	...	...	98.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,365	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.0	...	...	59.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.9	...	...	0.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	903	...	...	903	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	224,000	...	...	224,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	249,400	...	...	249,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,310	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.6	...	...	15.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	636	...	...	636	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	667	...	...	667	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,545	9,450	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	480	245	240	2.6	2.6	2.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	480	245	240	2.6	2.6	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	390	190	205	2.1	2.0	2.3
Métis single ancestry	75	50	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	535	290	240	2.9	3.1	2.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	530	290	240	2.9	3.1	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	485	270	215	2.6	2.9	2.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,535	8,915	8,615	94.6	94.3	94.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,545	9,450	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,435	9,390	9,050	99.4	99.4	99.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,115	2,085	2,030	22.2	22.1	22.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,320	7,300	7,020	77.2	77.2	77.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	110	60	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,545	9,450	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,995	9,170	8,825	97.0	97.0	97.0
Immigrants⁸¹	520	250	270	2.8	2.6	3.0
Before 1980	180	100	85	1.0	1.1	0.9
1980 to 1990	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
1991 to 2000	75	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
2001 to 2010	125	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
2011 to 2015	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	525	250	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	70	35	30	13.3	14.0	10.9
5 to 14 years	85	35	45	16.2	14.0	16.4
15 to 24 years	105	60	45	20.0	24.0	16.4
25 to 44 years	235	110	120	44.8	44.0	43.6
45 years and over	35	15	20	6.7	6.0	7.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	525	250	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	195	75	120	37.1	30.0	43.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.6
El Salvador	10	10	0	1.9	4.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	20	0	10	3.8	0.0	3.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	120	45	80	22.9	18.0	29.1
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	4.8	6.0	3.6
Europe	255	120	135	48.6	48.0	49.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	120	60	65	22.9	24.0	23.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	2.9	4.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.6
Other places of birth in Europe	85	45	35	16.2	18.0	12.7
Africa	45	30	10	8.6	12.0	3.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	20	0	3.8	8.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.9	4.0	0.0
Asia	35	25	10	6.7	10.0	3.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	1.9	4.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	3.8	4.0	3.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	25	20	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	20	10	55.6	80.0	50.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	0	33.3	40.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	0	33.3	0.0	0.0
France	15	0	0	33.3	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,545	9,450	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	730	375	355	3.9	4.0	3.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	935	550	385	5.0	5.8	4.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	16,875	8,520	8,350	91.0	90.2	91.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	340	155	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	165	80	85	48.5	51.6	45.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	100	45	50	29.4	29.0	27.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	65	30	35	19.1	19.4	18.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	155	65	85	45.6	41.9	45.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	15	5.9	6.5	8.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	340	155	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	30	50	22.1	19.4	27.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	0	20	7.4	0.0	10.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	15	7.4	6.5	8.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	20	5.9	0.0	10.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	200	115	85	58.8	74.2	45.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,545	9,450	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	255	140	115	1.4	1.5	1.3
South Asian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black	65	40	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin American	65	30	30	0.4	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,285	9,310	8,980	98.6	98.5	98.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,545	9,445	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	7,690	3,945	3,740	41.5	41.8	41.1
English	805	410	400	4.3	4.3	4.4
Irish	1,095	530	565	5.9	5.6	6.2
Scottish	525	265	260	2.8	2.8	2.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,260	2,175	2,085	23.0	23.0	22.9
German	260	150	110	1.4	1.6	1.2
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	165	80	85	0.9	0.8	0.9
Indian (India)	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Polish	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Québécois	2,430	1,150	1,280	13.1	12.2	14.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	105	50	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	1,735	870	865	9.4	9.2	9.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	310	165	145	1.7	1.7	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	355	165	185	1.9	1.7	2.0
Métis	125	70	50	0.7	0.7	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	160	75	75	0.9	0.8	0.8
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Welsh	75	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	140	75	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
Spanish	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Swedish	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Acadian	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	295	165	135	1.6	1.7	1.5
Danish	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	135	100	40	0.7	1.1	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belgian	130	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haitian	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Moroccan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	95	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	40	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,545	9,450	9,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Christian	13,545	6,765	6,780	73.0	71.6	74.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,015	495	515	5.5	5.2	5.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	345	150	195	1.9	1.6	2.1
Baptist	65	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Catholic	11,475	5,770	5,705	61.9	61.1	62.7
Christian Orthodox	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	205	70	135	1.1	0.7	1.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	330	180	150	1.8	1.9	1.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	75	55	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	4,860	2,600	2,260	26.2	27.5	24.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,325	9,305	9,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,665	8,470	8,195	90.9	91.0	90.9
Movers	1,660	840	825	9.1	9.0	9.2
Non-migrants	785	390	395	4.3	4.2	4.4
Migrants	880	450	430	4.8	4.8	4.8
Internal migrants	845	425	420	4.6	4.6	4.7
Intraprovincial migrants	805	395	405	4.4	4.2	4.5
Interprovincial migrants	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
External migrants	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,445	8,815	8,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,640	5,935	5,700	66.7	67.3	66.1
Movers	5,805	2,880	2,925	33.3	32.7	33.9
Non-migrants	2,135	1,030	1,105	12.2	11.7	12.8
Migrants	3,660	1,845	1,820	21.0	20.9	21.1
Internal migrants	3,565	1,780	1,780	20.4	20.2	20.6
Intraprovincial migrants	3,420	1,705	1,720	19.6	19.3	19.9
Interprovincial migrants	140	80	60	0.8	0.9	0.7
External migrants	100	65	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,070	7,680	7,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,480	2,765	1,715	29.7	36.0	23.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,590	4,920	5,680	70.3	64.1	76.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,225	4,720	4,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,040	1,360	675	22.1	28.8	15.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,185	3,355	3,830	77.9	71.1	84.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,075	7,680	7,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,985	2,420	1,565	26.4	31.5	21.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,545	1,615	1,925	23.5	21.0	26.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,545	3,645	3,900	50.0	47.5	52.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,870	3,020	2,850	38.9	39.3	38.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,460	2,060	1,390	23.0	26.8	18.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,500	1,330	1,170	16.6	17.3	15.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	960	730	220	6.4	9.5	3.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,040	815	1,225	13.5	10.6	16.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	370	140	230	2.5	1.8	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,675	625	1,050	11.1	8.1	14.2
Bachelor's degree	1,100	350	750	7.3	4.6	10.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Master's degree	340	160	180	2.3	2.1	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,225	4,715	4,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,725	1,150	575	18.7	24.4	12.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,940	960	980	21.0	20.4	21.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,565	2,605	2,955	60.3	55.2	65.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,310	2,200	2,115	46.7	46.7	46.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,655	1,545	1,115	28.8	32.8	24.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,965	1,035	930	21.3	22.0	20.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	695	510	180	7.5	10.8	4.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,395	555	840	15.1	11.8	18.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	260	95	160	2.8	2.0	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,250	410	840	13.6	8.7	18.6
Bachelor's degree	825	235	590	8.9	5.0	13.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	30	50	0.8	0.6	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Master's degree	245	95	150	2.7	2.0	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	35	40	0.8	0.7	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,075	7,680	7,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,525	4,035	3,490	49.9	52.5	47.2
Education	550	115	430	3.6	1.5	5.8
13. Education	550	115	430	3.6	1.5	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	85	135	1.5	1.1	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	205	70	135	1.4	0.9	1.8
Humanities	325	160	165	2.2	2.1	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	95	80	1.1	1.2	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
54. History	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	545	120	425	3.6	1.6	5.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	15	130	1.0	0.2	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	55	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	105	10	95	0.7	0.1	1.3
45. Social sciences	160	55	110	1.1	0.7	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,410	420	990	9.4	5.5	13.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,350	395	950	9.0	5.1	12.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	70	95	1.1	0.9	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
40. Physical sciences	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	60	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,790	1,660	130	11.9	21.6	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	85	70	15	0.6	0.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	245	35	1.9	3.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	500	480	20	3.3	6.3	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	475	460	15	3.2	6.0	0.2
48. Precision production	420	390	35	2.8	5.1	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	765	520	240	5.1	6.8	3.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	675	440	235	4.5	5.7	3.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	80	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Health and related fields	1,030	120	915	6.8	1.6	12.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	965	95	870	6.4	1.2	11.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	640	320	320	4.2	4.2	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	385	95	290	2.6	1.2	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	175	25	1.4	2.3	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,225	4,715	4,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,660	2,110	1,550	39.7	44.8	34.4
Education	355	45	315	3.8	1.0	7.0
13. Education	355	45	315	3.8	1.0	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	70	105	1.9	1.5	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	160	60	105	1.7	1.3	2.3
Humanities	225	110	120	2.4	2.3	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	60	50	1.2	1.3	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	405	85	325	4.4	1.8	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	40	0.6	0.3	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	10	105	1.2	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	0	65	0.8	0.0	1.4
45. Social sciences	110	35	75	1.2	0.7	1.7
Business, management and public administration	1,055	275	780	11.4	5.8	17.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,020	265	755	11.1	5.6	16.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	30	70	1.1	0.6	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	50	30	0.9	1.1	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	50	25	0.9	1.1	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,315	1,215	100	14.3	25.8	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	65	45	15	0.7	1.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	170	30	2.2	3.6	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	370	355	20	4.0	7.5	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	350	340	10	3.8	7.2	0.2
48. Precision production	320	300	25	3.5	6.4	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	625	425	200	6.8	9.0	4.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	545	350	195	5.9	7.4	4.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	70	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Health and related fields	725	75	655	7.9	1.6	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	665	50	615	7.2	1.1	13.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	235	260	5.4	5.0	5.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	315	80	235	3.4	1.7	5.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	120	15	1.5	2.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,225	4,715	4,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,660	2,110	1,550	39.7	44.8	34.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,560	2,610	2,960	60.3	55.4	65.7
Location of study inside Canada	5,385	2,515	2,870	58.4	53.3	63.7
Same as province or territory of residence	5,250	2,455	2,795	56.9	52.1	62.0
Different than province or territory of residence	130	60	70	1.4	1.3	1.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	180	95	85	2.0	2.0	1.9
Americas	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
United States of America	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	55	60	1.2	1.2	1.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	55	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Africa	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,075	7,680	7,395	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,840	5,310	4,530	...	...	...
Employed	9,390	5,075	4,315	...	...	...
Unemployed	450	235	215	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,235	2,370	2,865	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.3	69.1	61.3	65.3	69.1	61.3
Employment rate	62.3	66.1	58.4	62.3	66.1	58.4
Unemployment rate	4.6	4.4	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,075	7,680	7,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,100	2,280	2,825	33.8	29.7	38.2
Worked	9,970	5,405	4,570	66.1	70.4	61.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,350	3,095	2,255	35.5	40.3	30.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,620	2,310	2,310	30.6	30.1	31.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.4	41.8	42.7	43.4	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,840	5,310	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	35	85	1.3	0.7	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,715	5,275	4,445	98.7	99.3	98.1
Employee	7,910	4,070	3,835	80.4	76.6	84.7
Permanent position	6,760	3,530	3,230	68.7	66.5	71.3
Temporary position	1,150	545	605	11.7	10.3	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	355	120	235	3.6	2.3	5.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	790	420	365	8.0	7.9	8.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,810	1,195	610	18.4	22.5	13.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,840	5,310	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	35	85	1.3	0.7	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,715	5,275	4,445	98.7	99.3	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	185	130	55	1.9	2.4	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,205	325	885	12.2	6.1	19.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	385	285	105	3.9	5.4	2.3
3 Health occupations	670	70	600	6.8	1.3	13.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	865	180	685	8.8	3.4	15.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	205	80	125	2.1	1.5	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	1,935	825	1,110	19.7	15.5	24.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,120	1,995	125	21.5	37.6	2.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,070	730	335	10.9	13.7	7.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,070	650	425	10.9	12.2	9.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,840	5,310	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	35	85	1.3	0.7	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	9,715	5,275	4,445	98.7	99.3	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,175	795	375	11.9	15.0	8.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
23 Construction	835	740	95	8.5	13.9	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	1,920	1,225	700	19.5	23.1	15.5
41 Wholesale trade	250	180	70	2.5	3.4	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	955	455	500	9.7	8.6	11.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	495	425	70	5.0	8.0	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	55	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	185	30	160	1.9	0.6	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	55	30	0.9	1.0	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	395	205	185	4.0	3.9	4.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	290	175	120	2.9	3.3	2.6
61 Educational services	635	145	490	6.5	2.7	10.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,075	110	970	10.9	2.1	21.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	195	110	85	2.0	2.1	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	430	180	250	4.4	3.4	5.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	400	205	190	4.1	3.9	4.2
91 Public administration	275	155	120	2.8	2.9	2.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,520	5,670	4,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	470	270	195	4.5	4.8	4.0
French	8,040	4,320	3,715	76.4	76.2	76.6
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	1,920	1,010	910	18.3	17.8	18.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	0.5	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,520	5,670	4,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,260	5,530	4,730	97.5	97.5	97.5
Official languages	10,240	5,515	4,720	97.3	97.3	97.3
English	825	445	380	7.8	7.8	7.8
French	9,415	5,075	4,340	89.5	89.5	89.5
Non-official languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	255	135	120	2.4	2.4	2.5
English and French	250	130	120	2.4	2.3	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,520	5,670	4,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,775	4,745	4,035	83.4	83.7	83.2
English	1,330	720	615	12.6	12.7	12.7
French	345	165	180	3.3	2.9	3.7
Non-official language	40	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,390	5,075	4,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,590	835	755	16.9	16.5	17.5
Worked outside Canada	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,095	855	240	11.7	16.8	5.6
Usual place of work	6,680	3,360	3,315	71.1	66.2	76.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,675	3,360	3,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,080	1,550	1,530	46.1	46.1	46.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,410	685	730	21.1	20.4	22.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,170	1,120	1,050	32.5	33.3	31.7
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,770	4,215	3,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,025	3,820	3,205	90.4	90.6	90.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,590	3,630	2,960	84.8	86.1	83.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	430	190	245	5.5	4.5	6.9
Public transit	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.6
Walked	530	260	265	6.8	6.2	7.5
Bicycle	35	30	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Other method	150	85	65	1.9	2.0	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,770	4,215	3,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,550	1,775	1,775	45.7	42.1	49.9
15 to 29 minutes	2,125	1,125	995	27.3	26.7	28.0
30 to 44 minutes	1,445	865	580	18.6	20.5	16.3
45 to 59 minutes	410	275	140	5.3	6.5	3.9
60 minutes and over	235	170	65	3.0	4.0	1.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,770	4,215	3,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	575	445	130	7.4	10.6	3.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,965	1,260	705	25.3	29.9	19.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,380	1,205	1,180	30.6	28.6	33.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,150	410	735	14.8	9.7	20.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	480	160	320	6.2	3.8	9.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,225	730	490	15.8	17.3	13.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,180	2,135	2,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	845	440	400	20.2	20.6	19.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,340	1,695	1,640	79.9	79.4	80.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,975	1,500	1,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	600	305	300	20.2	20.3	20.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	405	195	210	13.6	13.0	14.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	110	90	6.7	7.3	6.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,370	1,195	1,175	79.7	79.7	79.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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