Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Chelsea, Municipalité (MÉ)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,000	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	6,909	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	15.8	...	...	15.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,376	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,041	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	71.0	...	...	71.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	112.65	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,000	3,960	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,585	765	815	19.8	19.3	20.2
0 to 4 years	460	235	230	5.8	5.9	5.7
5 to 9 years	550	265	285	6.9	6.7	7.1
10 to 14 years	570	270	305	7.1	6.8	7.5
15 to 64 years	5,180	2,535	2,640	64.8	64.0	65.3
15 to 19 years	535	265	270	6.7	6.7	6.7
20 to 24 years	325	180	145	4.1	4.5	3.6
25 to 29 years	285	140	150	3.6	3.5	3.7
30 to 34 years	415	180	225	5.2	4.5	5.6
35 to 39 years	490	235	260	6.1	5.9	6.4
40 to 44 years	545	255	290	6.8	6.4	7.2
45 to 49 years	625	285	335	7.8	7.2	8.3
50 to 54 years	680	360	320	8.5	9.1	7.9
55 to 59 years	665	330	335	8.3	8.3	8.3
60 to 64 years	620	310	310	7.8	7.8	7.7
65 years and over	1,235	655	585	15.4	16.5	14.5
65 to 69 years	525	265	260	6.6	6.7	6.4
70 to 74 years	340	205	135	4.3	5.2	3.3
75 to 79 years	215	110	105	2.7	2.8	2.6
80 to 84 years	100	55	45	1.3	1.4	1.1
85 years and over	60	20	40	0.8	0.5	1.0
85 to 89 years	45	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.8	19.3	20.2	19.8	19.3	20.2
15 to 64 years	64.8	64.0	65.3	64.8	64.0	65.3
65 years and over	15.4	16.5	14.5	15.4	16.5	14.5
85 years and over	0.8	0.5	1.0	0.8	0.5	1.0
Average age of the population	40.5	40.9	40.1	40.5	40.9	40.1
Median age of the population	43.6	44.4	42.4	43.6	44.4	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,790	...	...	91.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	130	...	...	4.3	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	45	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,045	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	585	...	...	19.2	...	...
2 persons	1,100	...	...	36.1	...	...
3 persons	500	...	...	16.4	...	...
4 persons	605	...	...	19.9	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	7.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,995	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,460	2,220	2,240	69.5	69.6	69.5
Married	3,100	1,540	1,555	48.3	48.3	48.2
Living common-law	1,365	680	680	21.3	21.3	21.1
Living common law - Never married	1,050	515	535	16.4	16.1	16.6
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	275	155	120	4.3	4.9	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	1,955	970	985	30.5	30.4	30.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,405	745	660	21.9	23.4	20.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	90	40	50	1.4	1.3	1.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	290	140	145	4.5	4.4	4.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	170	45	125	2.7	1.4	3.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,115	...	...	46.1	...	...
3 persons	495	...	...	20.5	...	...
4 persons	595	...	...	24.6	...	...
5 or more persons	215	...	...	8.9	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,415	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,215	...	...	91.7	...	...
Married couples	1,535	...	...	63.6	...	...
With children⁶	855	...	...	35.4	...	...
Without children	670	...	...	27.7	...	...
Common-law couples	685	...	...	28.4	...	...
With children⁶	345	...	...	14.3	...	...
Without children	340	...	...	14.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	200	...	...	8.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	130	...	...	5.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	75	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,995	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,200	3,585	3,615	90.1	90.6	89.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,430	2,205	2,220	55.4	55.8	54.9
Parents in one-parent families	205	70	130	2.6	1.8	3.2
Children⁶	2,570	1,310	1,265	32.1	33.1	31.3
In a two-parent family	2,245	1,150	1,100	28.1	29.1	27.2
In a one-parent family	325	155	165	4.1	3.9	4.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	800	375	425	10.0	9.5	10.5
Living alone	590	280	310	7.4	7.1	7.7
Living with other relatives⁷	75	30	45	0.9	0.8	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	135	65	65	1.7	1.6	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,305	...	...	75.8	...	...
Couple-family households	2,115	...	...	69.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,155	...	...	38.0	...	...
Without children	960	...	...	31.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	190	...	...	6.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	590	...	...	19.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,255	3,095	3,155	97.5	97.0	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,500	71,500	63,600	66,500	71,500	63,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,270	3,100	3,170	97.7	97.2	98.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	56,800	50,800	54,000	56,800	50,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,010	2,980	3,035	93.7	93.4	94.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,400	68,000	56,800	62,400	68,000	56,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,855	2,410	2,445	75.7	75.5	75.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,800	67,500	58,000	62,800	67,500	58,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,240	1,885	2,360	66.1	59.1	73.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,800	8,500	8,600	8,800	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	155	245	6.2	4.9	7.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,160	6,600	6,000	5,160	6,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,300	665	635	20.3	20.8	19.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,500	7,500	7,000	6,500	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,410	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,250	3,095	3,155	97.5	97.0	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	79,900	87,400	72,600	79,900	87,400	72,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,265	3,110	3,155	97.7	97.5	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,400	63,400	55,500	59,400	63,400	55,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,000	2,995	3,010	93.6	93.9	93.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	75,800	84,000	67,600	75,800	84,000	67,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,855	2,435	2,425	75.7	76.3	75.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	75,200	81,800	68,500	75,200	81,800	68,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,255	1,910	2,345	66.4	59.9	72.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,480	10,090	10,800	10,480	10,090	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415	150	265	6.5	4.7	8.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	6,200	11,900	9,800	6,200	11,900
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,245	650	600	19.4	20.4	18.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,820	8,200	8,000	7,820	8,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,670	1,370	1,300	41.6	42.9	40.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	96,000	99,000	92,000	96,000	99,000	92,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	110,900	122,600	98,500	110,900	122,600	98,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,725	805	920	26.9	25.2	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	16,000	16,000	16,000	16,000	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,400	34,600	38,000	36,400	34,600	38,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	91.0	92.8	89.0	91.0	92.8	89.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	73.6	72.6	73.2	73.6	72.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	8.9	7.1	11.1	8.9	7.1	11.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.4	1.4	0.8	0.4	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.3	2.1	2.5	2.3	2.1	2.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	160	95	65	2.5	3.0	2.0
With total income	6,250	3,095	3,160	97.4	97.0	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	510	230	280	8.2	7.4	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	520	250	275	8.3	8.1	8.7
$20,000 to $29,999	520	250	265	8.3	8.1	8.4
$30,000 to $39,999	450	200	245	7.2	6.5	7.8
$40,000 to $49,999	405	180	225	6.5	5.8	7.1
$50,000 to $59,999	410	195	210	6.6	6.3	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	445	200	245	7.1	6.5	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	430	190	235	6.9	6.1	7.4
$80,000 to $89,999	430	210	220	6.9	6.8	7.0
$90,000 to $99,999	345	170	175	5.5	5.5	5.5
$100,000 and over	1,780	1,010	770	28.5	32.6	24.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,135	620	515	18.2	20.0	16.3
$150,000 and over	650	390	260	10.4	12.6	8.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	145	90	55	2.3	2.8	1.7
With after-tax income	6,270	3,100	3,165	97.7	97.2	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	585	255	325	9.3	8.2	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	575	280	295	9.2	9.0	9.3
$20,000 to $29,999	615	290	325	9.8	9.4	10.3
$30,000 to $39,999	550	245	310	8.8	7.9	9.8
$40,000 to $49,999	570	260	305	9.1	8.4	9.6
$50,000 to $59,999	610	295	310	9.7	9.5	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	590	285	300	9.4	9.2	9.5
$70,000 to $79,999	530	265	260	8.5	8.5	8.2
$80,000 to $89,999	450	245	205	7.2	7.9	6.5
$90,000 to $99,999	365	185	180	5.8	6.0	5.7
$100,000 and over	835	490	350	13.3	15.8	11.1
$100,000 to $124,999	440	245	190	7.0	7.9	6.0
$125,000 and over	400	240	155	6.4	7.7	4.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,555	775	785	24.2	24.3	24.3
With employment income	4,855	2,415	2,440	75.7	75.7	75.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	690	335	350	14.2	13.9	14.3
$5,000 to $9,999	340	165	175	7.0	6.8	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	400	195	200	8.2	8.1	8.2
$20,000 to $29,999	255	125	130	5.3	5.2	5.3
$30,000 to $39,999	215	95	120	4.4	3.9	4.9
$40,000 to $49,999	220	90	125	4.5	3.7	5.1
$50,000 to $59,999	240	95	140	4.9	3.9	5.7
$60,000 to $69,999	285	125	165	5.9	5.2	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	265	105	155	5.5	4.3	6.4
$80,000 to $89,999	320	160	165	6.6	6.6	6.8
$90,000 to $99,999	260	135	130	5.4	5.6	5.3
$100,000 and over	1,365	775	590	28.1	32.1	24.2
$100,000 to $124,999	570	310	260	11.7	12.8	10.7
$125,000 and over	795	465	330	16.4	19.3	13.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,065	3,005	3,060	94.5	94.2	94.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	66,500	71,000	62,800	66,500	71,000	62,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,070	3,010	3,060	94.6	94.4	94.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,600	56,400	51,200	53,600	56,400	51,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,870	2,915	2,955	91.5	91.4	91.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,800	69,000	58,400	62,800	69,000	58,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,815	2,405	2,410	75.1	75.4	74.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,800	67,000	59,600	62,800	67,000	59,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,820	1,650	2,170	59.5	51.7	67.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	4,480	5,200	4,960	4,480	5,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	395	160	235	6.2	5.0	7.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,800	5,200	12,500	7,800	5,200	12,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,410	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,030	3,000	3,030	94.1	94.0	94.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	79,200	85,900	72,500	79,200	85,900	72,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,040	3,010	3,030	94.2	94.4	94.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,800	62,600	55,000	58,800	62,600	55,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,830	2,920	2,910	91.0	91.5	90.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	76,500	83,800	69,200	76,500	83,800	69,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,780	2,375	2,405	74.6	74.5	74.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	75,800	82,100	69,600	75,800	82,100	69,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,850	1,675	2,170	60.1	52.5	67.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,140	7,720	8,470	8,140	7,720	8,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	350	135	215	5.5	4.2	6.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,440	6,900	15,900	12,440	6,900	15,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,650	1,350	1,295	41.3	42.3	40.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	91,000	97,000	87,000	91,000	97,000	87,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	106,100	117,400	94,300	106,100	117,400	94,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,580	750	825	24.6	23.5	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	20,200	23,600	22,400	20,200	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,600	39,500	45,400	42,600	39,500	45,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.4	95.0	91.6	93.4	95.0	91.6
Employment income (%)	75.8	75.6	76.2	75.8	75.6	76.2
Government transfers (%)	6.6	5.0	8.4	6.6	5.0	8.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.4	1.6	0.9	0.4	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,045	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,450	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,045	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	164,200	...	...	164,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...	122,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	585	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	72,800	...	...	72,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,455	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	186,200	...	...	186,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,400	...	...	138,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	1.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	2.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...	3.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	110	...	...	3.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	150	...	...	4.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	4.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	90	...	...	3.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,125	...	...	69.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	320	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	11.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	620	...	...	20.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	845	...	...	27.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	2.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	1.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	1.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	1.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	2.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	2.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	145	...	...	4.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	185	...	...	6.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	160	...	...	5.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...	5.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	185	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,780	...	...	58.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	450	...	...	14.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	410	...	...	13.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	920	...	...	30.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,405	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	970	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	192,000	...	...	192,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	720	345	380	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,200	57,200	57,200	57,200	57,200	57,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,600	48,400	47,200	47,600	48,400	47,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	186,800	...	...	186,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,800	...	...	138,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	168,400	...	...	168,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	212,400	...	...	212,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	157,600	...	...	157,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	705	390	315	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,600	73,200	60,800	67,600	73,200	60,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,100	55,600	47,600	52,100	55,600	47,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,000	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,905	925	980	23.8	23.4	24.3
0 to 5 years	570	290	280	7.1	7.3	6.9
18 to 64 years	4,855	2,375	2,475	60.7	60.1	61.3
65 years and over	1,235	655	585	15.4	16.6	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	350	175	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	35	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	190	95	95	...	...	...
65 years and over	95	45	50	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	4.0	3.6	3.6	4.0	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9	4.1	3.7	3.9	4.1	3.7
65 years and over (%)	7.8	6.8	8.8	7.8	6.8	8.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,995	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,910	925	985	23.9	23.4	24.4
0 to 5 years	565	285	280	7.1	7.2	6.9
18 to 64 years	4,855	2,380	2,475	60.7	60.2	61.3
65 years and over	1,240	655	580	15.5	16.6	14.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	175	85	90	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	30	15	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	105	55	55	...	...	...
65 years and over	35	15	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.4	2.0	1.7	1.4	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	1.6	2.0	2.0	1.6	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.4	2.8	2.8	2.4	2.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,995	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	1,810	880	935	22.6	22.3	23.1
In bottom decile	355	175	180	4.4	4.4	4.5
In second decile	250	120	130	3.1	3.0	3.2
In third decile	280	135	145	3.5	3.4	3.6
In fourth decile	445	215	225	5.6	5.4	5.6
In fifth decile	480	235	245	6.0	5.9	6.1
In top half of the distribution	6,185	3,080	3,105	77.4	77.9	76.9
In sixth decile	620	300	325	7.8	7.6	8.0
In seventh decile	830	400	430	10.4	10.1	10.6
In eighth decile	1,220	615	605	15.3	15.5	15.0
In ninth decile	1,580	795	785	19.8	20.1	19.4
In top decile	1,940	980	960	24.3	24.8	23.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,995	...	...	7,995	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.312	...	...	0.312	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.364	...	...	0.364	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,000	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,660	890	775	20.8	22.5	19.2
French only	660	290	370	8.3	7.3	9.1
English and French	5,660	2,770	2,885	70.8	70.0	71.3
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,000	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,925	1,920	2,005	49.1	48.5	49.6
French	3,880	1,925	1,955	48.5	48.7	48.3
English and French	185	105	80	2.3	2.7	2.0
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,000	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,610	3,765	3,845	95.1	95.2	95.1
Official languages	7,160	3,540	3,615	89.5	89.5	89.4
English	3,450	1,710	1,740	43.1	43.2	43.0
French	3,705	1,830	1,875	46.3	46.3	46.4
Non-official languages	450	220	225	5.6	5.6	5.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	450	220	225	5.6	5.6	5.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	360	170	185	4.5	4.3	4.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	40	55	1.2	1.0	1.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	95	40	55	1.2	1.0	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Russian	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	40	40	1.1	1.0	1.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
German	45	20	20	0.6	0.5	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	70	75	1.8	1.8	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Romanian	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Spanish	65	25	40	0.8	0.6	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	385	190	200	4.8	4.8	4.9
English and French	310	160	150	3.9	4.0	3.7
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.4	0.4	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,000	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,390	1,700	1,685	42.4	43.0	41.7
French	2,860	1,415	1,445	35.8	35.8	35.7
Non-official language	65	35	30	0.8	0.9	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	35	30	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and French	1,305	625	680	16.3	15.8	16.8
English and non-official language(s)	165	75	95	2.1	1.9	2.3
French and non-official language(s)	55	35	20	0.7	0.9	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	165	80	85	2.1	2.0	2.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,000	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,635	3,785	3,855	95.4	95.7	95.3
Official languages	7,500	3,705	3,790	93.8	93.7	93.7
English	4,085	2,010	2,070	51.1	50.8	51.2
French	3,415	1,695	1,720	42.7	42.9	42.5
Non-official languages	135	75	65	1.7	1.9	1.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	135	75	65	1.7	1.9	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	60	50	1.3	1.5	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
German	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	25	0.8	0.8	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Romanian	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Spanish	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Chinese languages	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	365	180	185	4.6	4.6	4.6
English and French	295	150	145	3.7	3.8	3.6
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,000	3,955	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,640	3,310	3,330	83.0	83.7	82.3
English	535	260	270	6.7	6.6	6.7
French	540	245	295	6.8	6.2	7.3
Non-official language	155	75	80	1.9	1.9	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous	150	75	80	1.9	1.9	2.0
English and French	30	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.9	0.8	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,000	3,960	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	7,985	3,955	4,030	99.8	99.9	99.6
English	7,325	3,640	3,685	91.6	91.9	91.1
French	6,320	3,070	3,245	79.0	77.5	80.2
Non-official languages	1,100	525	575	13.8	13.3	14.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,100	525	575	13.8	13.3	14.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	45	20	0.8	1.1	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	45	20	0.8	1.1	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	35	15	0.6	0.9	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	990	460	530	12.4	11.6	13.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	60	75	1.6	1.5	1.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	60	75	1.6	1.5	1.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Russian	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30	0.8	0.8	0.7
Bosnian	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Croatian	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Serbian	60	30	30	0.8	0.8	0.7
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	160	90	70	2.0	2.3	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	115	60	60	1.4	1.5	1.5
German	115	55	60	1.4	1.4	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Danish	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	25	40	0.8	0.6	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	685	300	380	8.6	7.6	9.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	95	45	50	1.2	1.1	1.2
Portuguese	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Romanian	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.2
Spanish	570	250	320	7.1	6.3	7.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.6
Chinese languages	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,000	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	210	100	110	2.6	2.5	2.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	200	90	110	2.5	2.3	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	85	25	60	1.1	0.6	1.5
Métis	110	60	55	1.4	1.5	1.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,790	3,855	3,930	97.4	97.5	97.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,000	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,965	3,945	4,025	99.6	99.7	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,805	...	...	92.3	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	7.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
Not condominium	3,015	...	...	99.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	110	...	...	3.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	480	...	...	15.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,420	...	...	46.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,030	...	...	33.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	280	...	...	9.2	...	...
5 rooms	300	...	...	9.9	...	...
6 rooms	510	...	...	16.8	...	...
7 rooms	430	...	...	14.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,525	...	...	50.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,030	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,020	...	...	99.3	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	450	...	...	14.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	635	...	...	20.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	535	...	...	17.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	490	...	...	16.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	210	...	...	6.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	160	...	...	5.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	110	...	...	3.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	450	...	...	14.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,780	...	...	91.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,180	...	...	38.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,790	...	...	58.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	70	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	260	...	...	8.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	560	...	...	18.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	730	...	...	24.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	705	...	...	23.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	550	...	...	18.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	190	...	...	6.3	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,700	...	...	89.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	320	...	...	10.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	285	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	570	...	...	18.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	285	...	...	9.4	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	230	...	...	7.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,470	...	...	81.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	85	...	...	2.9	...	...
Not in core need	2,900	...	...	97.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,805	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.5	...	...	61.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.8	...	...	9.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440	...	...	1,440	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,666	...	...	1,666	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	634,000	...	...	634,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.6	...	...	19.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.0	...	...	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,030	...	...	1,030	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,995	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	55	15	35	0.7	0.4	0.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	55	15	35	0.7	0.4	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	35	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	440	220	220	5.5	5.6	5.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	435	220	215	5.4	5.6	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	285	135	150	3.6	3.4	3.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	85	65	1.8	2.1	1.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,505	3,725	3,785	93.9	94.2	93.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,995	3,960	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,850	3,905	3,945	98.2	98.6	97.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,890	895	990	23.6	22.6	24.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,960	3,010	2,960	74.5	76.0	73.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	145	50	95	1.8	1.3	2.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,995	3,960	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,250	3,605	3,645	90.7	91.0	90.2
Immigrants⁸¹	745	350	395	9.3	8.8	9.8
Before 1980	230	120	110	2.9	3.0	2.7
1980 to 1990	100	55	45	1.3	1.4	1.1
1991 to 2000	130	60	70	1.6	1.5	1.7
2001 to 2010	130	70	60	1.6	1.8	1.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	150	40	105	1.9	1.0	2.6
2011 to 2015	80	20	55	1.0	0.5	1.4
2016 to 2021	75	20	55	0.9	0.5	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	745	345	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	155	65	85	20.8	18.8	21.5
5 to 14 years	140	95	50	18.8	27.5	12.7
15 to 24 years	95	35	55	12.8	10.1	13.9
25 to 44 years	310	145	165	41.6	42.0	41.8
45 years and over	45	10	40	6.0	2.9	10.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	745	345	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	140	45	95	18.8	13.0	24.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	0	2.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	30	45	9.4	8.7	11.4
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.5
Europe	430	215	215	57.7	62.3	54.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	2.0	2.9	2.5
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	40	40	11.4	11.6	10.1
Germany	45	35	10	6.0	10.1	2.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	2.0	2.9	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	15	2.0	0.0	3.8
Poland	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
Portugal	10	10	0	1.3	2.9	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	0	2.0	2.9	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	0	2.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	65	70	17.4	18.8	17.7
Other places of birth in Europe	60	15	40	8.1	4.3	10.1
Africa	40	25	20	5.4	7.2	5.1
Algeria	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	2.7	2.9	2.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.3	2.9	0.0
Asia	105	50	55	14.1	14.5	13.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	2.0	2.9	2.5
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	1.3	2.9	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.5
Pakistan	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	15	4.0	2.9	3.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	10	10	3.4	2.9	2.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75	25	50	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	10	20.0	0.0	20.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	0	20	40.0	0.0	40.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	20.0	0.0	20.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	15	20.0	0.0	30.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,000	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	900	435	455	11.3	11.0	11.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,300	595	700	16.3	15.0	17.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,800	2,925	2,880	72.5	74.0	71.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	510	225	285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	260	125	130	51.0	55.6	45.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	115	50	60	22.5	22.2	21.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	145	75	75	28.4	33.3	26.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	190	65	125	37.3	28.9	43.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	40	20	11.8	17.8	7.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	510	225	285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0	2.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	65	20	40	12.7	8.9	14.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	15	20	6.9	6.7	7.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	80	30	50	15.7	13.3	17.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	325	160	170	63.7	71.1	59.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,000	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	450	195	255	5.6	4.9	6.3
South Asian	85	25	60	1.1	0.6	1.5
Chinese	55	20	35	0.7	0.5	0.9
Black	55	35	20	0.7	0.9	0.5
Filipino	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Arab	40	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Latin American	70	30	40	0.9	0.8	1.0
Southeast Asian	65	30	30	0.8	0.8	0.7
West Asian	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,550	3,760	3,785	94.4	95.1	93.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,995	3,960	4,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,730	875	860	21.6	22.1	21.3
English	1,295	680	615	16.2	17.2	15.2
Irish	1,625	750	875	20.3	18.9	21.6
Scottish	1,340	650	690	16.8	16.4	17.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,130	1,030	1,105	26.6	26.0	27.3
German	530	275	260	6.6	6.9	6.4
Chinese	75	25	55	0.9	0.6	1.4
Italian	260	125	140	3.3	3.2	3.5
Indian (India)	85	25	65	1.1	0.6	1.6
Ukrainian	100	30	70	1.3	0.8	1.7
Dutch	225	100	120	2.8	2.5	3.0
Polish	260	110	155	3.3	2.8	3.8
Québécois	420	225	195	5.3	5.7	4.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	355	180	175	4.4	4.5	4.3
Filipino	30	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.2
French Canadian	670	315	350	8.4	8.0	8.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	160	80	85	2.0	2.0	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	135	65	70	1.7	1.6	1.7
Métis	170	90	80	2.1	2.3	2.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	95	55	40	1.2	1.4	1.0
Russian	70	20	55	0.9	0.5	1.4
Norwegian	55	30	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
Welsh	145	65	80	1.8	1.6	2.0
Portuguese	55	35	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
American	120	60	60	1.5	1.5	1.5
Spanish	95	35	55	1.2	0.9	1.4
Swedish	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hungarian	80	55	30	1.0	1.4	0.7
Acadian	90	55	35	1.1	1.4	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	100	50	55	1.3	1.3	1.4
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	35	30	0.8	0.9	0.7
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jamaican	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Lebanese	110	35	70	1.4	0.9	1.7
Iranian	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Danish	65	40	30	0.8	1.0	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	65	30	35	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belgian	75	30	50	0.9	0.8	1.2
Haitian	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.7
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	110	60	45	1.4	1.5	1.1
Finnish	35	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.4
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.5
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	65	35	25	0.8	0.9	0.6
Colombian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	30	20	0.7	0.8	0.5
Syrian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Guyanese	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	45	20	20	0.6	0.5	0.5
Ojibway	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Newfoundlander	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Brazilian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	60	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.9
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	10	30	0.5	0.3	0.7
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	60	40	15	0.8	1.0	0.4
Argentinian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
New Zealander	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	35	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,000	3,955	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	3,865	1,965	1,895	48.3	49.7	46.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	305	140	165	3.8	3.5	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	265	140	130	3.3	3.5	3.2
Baptist	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catholic	2,795	1,430	1,365	34.9	36.2	33.8
Christian Orthodox	65	25	35	0.8	0.6	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Presbyterian	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	185	95	95	2.3	2.4	2.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	120	70	55	1.5	1.8	1.4
Hindu	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Jewish	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
Muslim	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	25	55	0.9	0.6	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	3,880	1,880	1,995	48.5	47.5	49.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,920	3,920	3,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,850	3,420	3,435	86.5	87.2	86.0
Movers	1,065	500	565	13.4	12.8	14.1
Non-migrants	230	130	105	2.9	3.3	2.6
Migrants	835	375	460	10.5	9.6	11.5
Internal migrants	790	350	440	10.0	8.9	11.0
Intraprovincial migrants	365	175	185	4.6	4.5	4.6
Interprovincial migrants	425	175	250	5.4	4.5	6.3
External migrants	45	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,525	3,705	3,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,585	2,300	2,285	60.9	62.1	59.8
Movers	2,940	1,400	1,540	39.1	37.8	40.3
Non-migrants	380	165	220	5.0	4.5	5.8
Migrants	2,560	1,240	1,320	34.0	33.5	34.6
Internal migrants	2,430	1,170	1,260	32.3	31.6	33.0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,460	730	730	19.4	19.7	19.1
Interprovincial migrants	970	435	535	12.9	11.7	14.0
External migrants	130	75	55	1.7	2.0	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	645	355	290	10.1	11.1	9.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,770	2,835	2,935	89.9	88.9	91.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,330	2,130	2,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	160	110	55	3.7	5.2	2.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,175	2,025	2,155	96.4	95.1	98.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,415	3,190	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	550	280	270	8.6	8.8	8.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,020	515	505	15.9	16.1	15.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,845	2,400	2,450	75.5	75.2	76.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,590	910	680	24.8	28.5	21.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375	285	95	5.8	8.9	2.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260	175	90	4.1	5.5	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	115	105	0	1.8	3.3	0.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,080	560	520	16.8	17.6	16.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	70	70	2.1	2.2	2.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,250	1,485	1,770	50.7	46.6	54.9
Bachelor's degree	1,835	820	1,020	28.6	25.7	31.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	90	75	2.6	2.8	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	40	40	1.3	1.3	1.2
Master's degree	1,015	455	565	15.8	14.3	17.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	145	80	65	2.3	2.5	2.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,335	2,130	2,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	75	45	2.9	3.5	2.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	450	235	215	10.4	11.0	9.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,760	1,815	1,940	86.7	85.2	88.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,070	620	445	24.7	29.1	20.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	285	210	80	6.6	9.9	3.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	215	140	75	5.0	6.6	3.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	70	70	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	680	355	320	15.7	16.7	14.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	55	45	2.4	2.6	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,695	1,200	1,495	62.2	56.3	67.8
Bachelor's degree	1,505	660	840	34.7	31.0	38.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	60	65	2.9	2.8	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	40	40	1.7	1.9	1.8
Master's degree	880	385	490	20.3	18.1	22.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	110	50	55	2.5	2.3	2.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,415	3,190	3,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,570	795	775	24.5	24.9	24.1
Education	260	80	185	4.1	2.5	5.7
13. Education	260	80	185	4.1	2.5	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	75	90	2.6	2.4	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	65	90	2.3	2.0	2.8
Humanities	400	180	220	6.2	5.6	6.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	15	40	0.9	0.5	1.2
23. English language and literature/letters	60	30	25	0.9	0.9	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	60	80	2.2	1.9	2.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
54. History	55	35	20	0.9	1.1	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,115	485	625	17.4	15.2	19.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	55	100	2.4	1.7	3.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	0.6	0.0	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	240	100	140	3.7	3.1	4.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	25	30	0.9	0.8	0.9
42. Psychology	95	35	65	1.5	1.1	2.0
45. Social sciences	500	265	235	7.8	8.3	7.3
Business, management and public administration	930	400	530	14.5	12.5	16.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	35	90	1.9	1.1	2.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	805	365	445	12.5	11.4	13.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	180	110	4.5	5.6	3.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	50	60	1.6	1.6	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	20	0.9	1.1	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	35	15	20	0.5	0.5	0.6
40. Physical sciences	95	80	20	1.5	2.5	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	290	180	110	4.5	5.6	3.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	205	150	60	3.2	4.7	1.9
25. Library science	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	625	530	100	9.7	16.6	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	65	40	30	1.0	1.3	0.9
14. Engineering	250	195	55	3.9	6.1	1.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	120	105	15	1.9	3.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	90	90	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	75	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
48. Precision production	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	90	65	2.4	2.8	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	45	20	1.0	1.4	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	45	45	1.4	1.4	1.4
Health and related fields	450	95	360	7.0	3.0	11.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	20	45	1.1	0.6	1.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	350	50	300	5.5	1.6	9.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	110	50	2.5	3.4	1.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	25	25	0.8	0.8	0.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	50	10	0.9	1.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,330	2,130	2,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	575	310	260	13.3	14.6	11.8
Education	200	50	150	4.6	2.3	6.8
13. Education	200	50	150	4.6	2.3	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	45	70	2.7	2.1	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	45	65	2.4	2.1	2.9
Humanities	265	120	145	6.1	5.6	6.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	15	25	0.9	0.7	1.1
23. English language and literature/letters	45	30	15	1.0	1.4	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	25	40	1.7	1.2	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
54. History	40	25	20	0.9	1.2	0.9
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.6	0.0	0.9
Social and behavioural sciences and law	890	390	500	20.6	18.3	22.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	40	85	2.9	1.9	3.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	195	80	110	4.5	3.8	5.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	20	20	0.9	0.9	0.9
42. Psychology	65	20	45	1.5	0.9	2.0
45. Social sciences	415	220	195	9.6	10.3	8.8
Business, management and public administration	770	335	430	17.8	15.7	19.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	30	70	2.3	1.4	3.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	670	305	360	15.5	14.3	16.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	190	110	80	4.4	5.2	3.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	35	60	2.2	1.6	2.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	65	50	15	1.5	2.3	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	135	65	4.7	6.3	2.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	155	115	40	3.6	5.4	1.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.5
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	480	390	90	11.1	18.3	4.1
04. Architecture and related services	55	35	20	1.3	1.6	0.9
14. Engineering	220	165	55	5.1	7.7	2.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	60	10	1.7	2.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
48. Precision production	25	20	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	65	45	2.5	3.1	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	30	10	0.9	1.4	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	35	40	1.6	1.6	1.8
Health and related fields	405	80	320	9.4	3.8	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	20	35	1.4	0.9	1.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	310	40	270	7.2	1.9	12.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.7
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	85	35	2.9	4.0	1.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	20	25	0.8	0.9	1.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	45	15	1.4	2.1	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,330	2,130	2,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	575	310	260	13.3	14.6	11.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,760	1,820	1,945	86.8	85.4	88.2
Location of study inside Canada	3,500	1,695	1,795	80.8	79.6	81.4
Same as province or territory of residence	1,550	750	795	35.8	35.2	36.1
Different than province or territory of residence	1,950	945	1,000	45.0	44.4	45.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	265	120	140	6.1	5.6	6.3
Americas	60	20	35	1.4	0.9	1.6
United States of America	60	20	35	1.4	0.9	1.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	175	85	95	4.0	4.0	4.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	20	15	0.8	0.9	0.7
Germany	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	80	45	40	1.8	2.1	1.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,410	3,190	3,225	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,435	2,245	2,190	...	...	...
Employed	4,165	2,115	2,050	...	...	...
Unemployed	270	125	140	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,975	950	1,030	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.2	70.4	67.9	69.2	70.4	67.9
Employment rate	65.0	66.3	63.6	65.0	66.3	63.6
Unemployment rate	6.1	5.6	6.4	6.1	5.6	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,415	3,190	3,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,800	870	935	28.1	27.3	29.0
Worked	4,615	2,320	2,290	71.9	72.7	71.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,720	1,400	1,320	42.4	43.9	41.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,890	920	970	29.5	28.8	30.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.3	41.5	41.9	42.3	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,435	2,245	2,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	45	1.2	0.7	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,380	2,230	2,150	98.8	99.3	97.9
Employee	3,560	1,750	1,815	80.3	78.0	82.7
Permanent position	2,905	1,450	1,450	65.5	64.6	66.1
Temporary position	660	295	360	14.9	13.1	16.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	205	100	105	4.6	4.5	4.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	455	195	255	10.3	8.7	11.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	820	480	340	18.5	21.4	15.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,435	2,245	2,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	45	1.2	0.7	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,380	2,230	2,150	98.8	99.3	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	205	140	65	4.6	6.2	3.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	855	310	545	19.3	13.8	24.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	515	390	125	11.6	17.4	5.7
3 Health occupations	305	80	225	6.9	3.6	10.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,095	410	685	24.7	18.3	31.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	230	125	105	5.2	5.6	4.8
6 Sales and service occupations	620	275	345	14.0	12.2	15.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	455	415	40	10.3	18.5	1.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	55	40	15	1.2	1.8	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	50	45	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,435	2,245	2,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	15	45	1.2	0.7	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	4,380	2,230	2,150	98.8	99.3	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	20	15	0.8	0.9	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
22 Utilities	40	20	10	0.9	0.9	0.5
23 Construction	305	275	25	6.9	12.2	1.1
31-33 Manufacturing	105	85	20	2.4	3.8	0.9
41 Wholesale trade	90	65	25	2.0	2.9	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	290	135	155	6.5	6.0	7.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	75	45	30	1.7	2.0	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	85	50	35	1.9	2.2	1.6
52 Finance and insurance	100	50	50	2.3	2.2	2.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	40	10	1.0	1.8	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	465	265	200	10.5	11.8	9.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	115	75	40	2.6	3.3	1.8
61 Educational services	390	120	275	8.8	5.3	12.5
62 Health care and social assistance	440	100	340	9.9	4.5	15.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	160	90	65	3.6	4.0	3.0
72 Accommodation and food services	170	65	105	3.8	2.9	4.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	180	75	100	4.1	3.3	4.6
91 Public administration	1,270	625	650	28.6	27.8	29.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,795	2,415	2,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,720	940	780	35.9	38.9	32.8
French	830	410	420	17.3	17.0	17.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,195	1,040	1,150	45.8	43.1	48.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	10	20	0.7	0.4	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,795	2,415	2,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,445	2,255	2,190	92.7	93.4	92.2
Official languages	4,445	2,255	2,190	92.7	93.4	92.2
English	2,935	1,560	1,375	61.2	64.6	57.9
French	1,510	695	815	31.5	28.8	34.3
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	345	165	185	7.2	6.8	7.8
English and French	345	165	180	7.2	6.8	7.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,795	2,415	2,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,895	1,510	1,375	60.4	62.5	57.9
English	670	275	390	14.0	11.4	16.4
French	1,185	605	585	24.7	25.1	24.6
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,165	2,115	2,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,940	910	1,020	46.6	43.0	49.6
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
No fixed workplace address	300	230	65	7.2	10.9	3.2
Usual place of work	1,915	950	965	46.0	44.9	47.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,915	950	965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	450	185	265	23.5	19.5	27.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	90	35	50	4.7	3.7	5.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	685	350	330	35.8	36.8	34.2
Commute to a different province or territory	695	375	320	36.3	39.5	33.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,215	1,180	1,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,990	1,085	905	89.8	91.9	87.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,785	1,015	770	80.6	86.0	74.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	205	70	135	9.3	5.9	13.1
Public transit	35	15	20	1.6	1.3	1.9
Walked	75	35	40	3.4	3.0	3.9
Bicycle	40	10	25	1.8	0.8	2.4
Other method	70	30	40	3.2	2.5	3.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,215	1,180	1,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	585	305	280	26.4	25.8	27.2
15 to 29 minutes	870	435	435	39.3	36.9	42.2
30 to 44 minutes	565	310	260	25.5	26.3	25.2
45 to 59 minutes	120	80	45	5.4	6.8	4.4
60 minutes and over	70	50	20	3.2	4.2	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,215	1,180	1,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	80	70	10	3.6	5.9	1.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	360	235	125	16.3	19.9	12.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	670	365	310	30.2	30.9	30.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	565	275	290	25.5	23.3	28.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	355	160	195	16.0	13.6	18.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	190	90	100	8.6	7.6	9.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,950	940	1,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,120	540	575	57.4	57.4	56.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	835	400	435	42.8	42.6	43.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,445	685	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	880	410	465	60.9	59.9	61.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	565	265	305	39.1	38.7	40.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	305	145	165	21.1	21.2	21.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	570	280	295	39.4	40.9	38.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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