Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Châteauguay, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	50,815	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	47,906	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	20,412	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	19,917	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,481.2	...	...	1,481.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	34.31	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	50,815	24,865	25,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9,335	4,815	4,520	18.4	19.4	17.4
0 to 4 years	2,735	1,405	1,335	5.4	5.7	5.1
5 to 9 years	3,185	1,645	1,540	6.3	6.6	5.9
10 to 14 years	3,410	1,770	1,645	6.7	7.1	6.3
15 to 64 years	31,530	15,630	15,900	62.0	62.9	61.3
15 to 19 years	3,045	1,585	1,455	6.0	6.4	5.6
20 to 24 years	2,635	1,395	1,245	5.2	5.6	4.8
25 to 29 years	2,480	1,290	1,190	4.9	5.2	4.6
30 to 34 years	2,740	1,300	1,445	5.4	5.2	5.6
35 to 39 years	3,175	1,535	1,640	6.2	6.2	6.3
40 to 44 years	3,550	1,690	1,860	7.0	6.8	7.2
45 to 49 years	3,305	1,615	1,685	6.5	6.5	6.5
50 to 54 years	3,300	1,620	1,680	6.5	6.5	6.5
55 to 59 years	3,715	1,835	1,880	7.3	7.4	7.2
60 to 64 years	3,590	1,760	1,825	7.1	7.1	7.0
65 years and over	9,955	4,425	5,525	19.6	17.8	21.3
65 to 69 years	2,875	1,355	1,520	5.7	5.4	5.9
70 to 74 years	2,460	1,140	1,315	4.8	4.6	5.1
75 to 79 years	1,770	790	980	3.5	3.2	3.8
80 to 84 years	1,425	575	850	2.8	2.3	3.3
85 years and over	1,415	560	860	2.8	2.3	3.3
85 to 89 years	955	380	575	1.9	1.5	2.2
90 to 94 years	395	165	225	0.8	0.7	0.9
95 to 99 years	65	10	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	19.4	17.4	18.4	19.4	17.4
15 to 64 years	62.0	62.9	61.3	62.0	62.9	61.3
65 years and over	19.6	17.8	21.3	19.6	17.8	21.3
85 years and over	2.8	2.3	3.3	2.8	2.3	3.3
Average age of the population	42.0	40.8	43.2	42.0	40.8	43.2
Median age of the population	42.8	41.6	44.0	42.8	41.6	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	19,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	12,585	...	...	63.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,085	...	...	5.4	...	...
Row house	270	...	...	1.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	705	...	...	3.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,170	...	...	26.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75	...	...	0.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,540	...	...	27.8	...	...
2 persons	6,435	...	...	32.3	...	...
3 persons	3,085	...	...	15.5	...	...
4 persons	2,945	...	...	14.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,905	...	...	9.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	49,995	24,510	25,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	41,480	20,050	21,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	23,440	11,685	11,755	56.5	58.3	54.9
Married	16,030	7,980	8,050	38.6	39.8	37.6
Living common-law	7,405	3,700	3,705	17.9	18.5	17.3
Living common law - Never married	5,755	2,860	2,895	13.9	14.3	13.5
Living common law - Separated	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,415	730	685	3.4	3.6	3.2
Living common law - Widowed	150	70	85	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	18,040	8,370	9,675	43.5	41.7	45.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	11,980	6,465	5,520	28.9	32.2	25.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	675	280	395	1.6	1.4	1.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,720	995	1,725	6.6	5.0	8.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,665	625	2,035	6.4	3.1	9.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	14,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,740	...	...	47.5	...	...
3 persons	3,060	...	...	21.6	...	...
4 persons	2,860	...	...	20.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,515	...	...	10.7	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	14,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	11,515	...	...	81.2	...	...
Married couples	7,810	...	...	55.1	...	...
With children⁶	4,265	...	...	30.1	...	...
Without children	3,545	...	...	25.0	...	...
Common-law couples	3,700	...	...	26.1	...	...
With children⁶	2,035	...	...	14.4	...	...
Without children	1,670	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,660	...	...	18.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,030	...	...	14.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	630	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	49,995	24,510	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	42,235	21,040	21,195	84.5	85.8	83.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	23,030	11,495	11,530	46.1	46.9	45.2
Parents in one-parent families	2,660	630	2,030	5.3	2.6	8.0
Children⁶	16,545	8,915	7,630	33.1	36.4	29.9
In a two-parent family	12,245	6,520	5,720	24.5	26.6	22.4
In a one-parent family	4,305	2,395	1,910	8.6	9.8	7.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,765	3,470	4,290	15.5	14.2	16.8
Living alone	5,540	2,385	3,155	11.1	9.7	12.4
Living with other relatives⁷	1,210	510	700	2.4	2.1	2.7
Living with non-relatives only	1,015	580	435	2.0	2.4	1.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	19,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	12,700	...	...	63.8	...	...
Couple-family households	10,540	...	...	52.9	...	...
With children⁶	5,745	...	...	28.8	...	...
Without children	4,795	...	...	24.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,160	...	...	10.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	515	...	...	2.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	80	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	580	...	...	2.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	505	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	5,540	...	...	27.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	40,665	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,240	19,010	20,225	96.5	96.5	96.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	43,600	36,400	39,600	43,600	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,250	19,015	20,230	96.5	96.5	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	38,000	32,800	35,600	38,000	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	34,635	17,150	17,480	85.2	87.1	83.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,400	26,200	32,000	38,400	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,960	14,360	13,605	68.8	72.9	64.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,200	31,400	36,000	41,200	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	32,925	15,075	17,850	81.0	76.5	85.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	10,500	13,400	12,100	10,500	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,665	2,335	2,325	11.5	11.9	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,405	5,885	5,520	28.0	29.9	26.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	40,660	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,255	19,030	20,225	96.5	96.6	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,600	50,680	42,760	46,600	50,680	42,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,280	19,035	20,240	96.6	96.6	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,120	41,520	36,840	39,120	41,520	36,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	34,695	17,045	17,645	85.3	86.5	84.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,360	46,400	34,560	40,360	46,400	34,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,960	14,335	13,620	68.8	72.8	65.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,320	46,720	37,640	42,320	46,720	37,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,075	15,110	17,975	81.3	76.7	85.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,960	11,480	14,200	12,960	11,480	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,750	2,415	2,335	11.7	12.3	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,620	5,620	7,660	6,620	5,620	7,660
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,405	5,935	5,475	28.0	30.1	26.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,600	8,340	8,890	8,600	8,340	8,890
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	40,660	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,555	7,245	6,310	33.3	36.8	30.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	61,600	52,800	56,800	61,600	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,800	68,500	58,500	63,800	68,500	58,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,155	5,375	5,780	27.4	27.3	27.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,200	19,800	15,500	17,200	19,800	15,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,120	28,680	21,800	25,120	28,680	21,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.6	82.0	70.4	76.6	82.0	70.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.6	69.4	59.3	64.6	69.4	59.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.4	18.0	29.5	23.4	18.0	29.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.4	2.1	1.7	1.4	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.2	5.7	6.8	6.2	5.7	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.4	5.1	5.6	5.4	5.1	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	40,665	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,430	690	740	3.5	3.5	3.5
With total income	39,235	19,010	20,225	96.5	96.5	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,955	1,340	1,615	7.5	7.0	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	4,830	1,975	2,855	12.3	10.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	6,625	2,845	3,775	16.9	15.0	18.7
$30,000 to $39,999	5,345	2,450	2,890	13.6	12.9	14.3
$40,000 to $49,999	5,105	2,490	2,620	13.0	13.1	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	4,095	2,010	2,085	10.4	10.6	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,090	1,670	1,425	7.9	8.8	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,235	1,240	995	5.7	6.5	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,660	940	725	4.2	4.9	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,070	605	465	2.7	3.2	2.3
$100,000 and over	2,225	1,450	770	5.7	7.6	3.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,755	1,135	625	4.5	6.0	3.1
$150,000 and over	465	320	150	1.2	1.7	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	40,665	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,415	680	730	3.5	3.5	3.5
With after-tax income	39,250	19,020	20,235	96.5	96.5	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,130	1,390	1,735	8.0	7.3	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	5,095	2,115	2,985	13.0	11.1	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	7,690	3,350	4,345	19.6	17.6	21.5
$30,000 to $39,999	6,725	3,320	3,400	17.1	17.5	16.8
$40,000 to $49,999	5,970	2,965	3,005	15.2	15.6	14.9
$50,000 to $59,999	4,280	2,285	1,995	10.9	12.0	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	2,745	1,465	1,280	7.0	7.7	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,615	885	735	4.1	4.7	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	835	485	345	2.1	2.5	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	470	300	175	1.2	1.6	0.9
$100,000 and over	690	460	235	1.8	2.4	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	400	270	125	1.0	1.4	0.6
$125,000 and over	290	185	105	0.7	1.0	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	40,665	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,700	5,345	7,360	31.2	27.1	35.1
With employment income	27,960	14,360	13,605	68.8	72.9	64.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,895	2,000	1,890	13.9	13.9	13.9
$5,000 to $9,999	2,340	1,020	1,315	8.4	7.1	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	3,355	1,470	1,890	12.0	10.2	13.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,705	1,205	1,500	9.7	8.4	11.0
$30,000 to $39,999	2,825	1,335	1,490	10.1	9.3	11.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,995	1,490	1,510	10.7	10.4	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	2,485	1,320	1,165	8.9	9.2	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	2,080	1,240	840	7.4	8.6	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,560	925	635	5.6	6.4	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	720	525	4.5	5.0	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	780	475	310	2.8	3.3	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,710	1,170	540	6.1	8.1	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,000	665	330	3.6	4.6	2.4
$125,000 and over	715	500	210	2.6	3.5	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	40,665	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,350	18,535	19,810	94.3	94.1	94.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,000	33,600	37,600	42,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,365	18,535	19,825	94.3	94.1	94.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	30,600	34,000	37,200	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	34,190	16,950	17,240	84.1	86.0	82.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,600	27,800	33,200	39,600	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,975	14,360	13,610	68.8	72.9	64.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	42,000	32,000	36,800	42,000	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,830	13,265	16,565	73.4	67.3	79.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	5,480	10,400	8,700	5,480	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,015	2,055	1,960	9.9	10.4	9.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,480	4,280	4,800	4,480	4,280	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	40,660	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,430	18,585	19,845	94.5	94.3	94.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,920	48,440	39,720	43,920	48,440	39,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,440	18,585	19,860	94.5	94.3	94.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	39,640	34,120	36,800	39,640	34,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	34,285	16,900	17,380	84.3	85.8	82.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,560	46,640	34,600	40,560	46,640	34,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,130	14,400	13,730	69.2	73.1	65.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	47,240	37,320	42,400	47,240	37,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,080	13,390	16,690	74.0	68.0	79.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,920	8,340	11,190	9,920	8,340	11,190
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,980	2,125	1,860	9.8	10.8	8.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,670	5,565	7,940	6,670	5,565	7,940
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	40,660	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,505	7,230	6,275	33.2	36.7	29.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	58,400	48,000	53,200	58,400	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,950	65,000	54,100	59,950	65,000	54,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	10,535	5,110	5,420	25.9	25.9	25.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	27,000	21,800	23,800	27,000	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,480	35,000	26,200	30,480	35,000	26,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.4	87.6	76.4	82.4	87.6	76.4
Employment income (%)	70.6	75.6	65.0	70.6	75.6	65.0
Government transfers (%)	17.7	12.4	23.7	17.7	12.4	23.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	1.9	1.6	1.3	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	19,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	14,375	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	19,915	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,800	...	...	91,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,100	...	...	77,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,525	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,920	...	...	37,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	14,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,900	...	...	109,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,200	...	...	92,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	365	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	940	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	720	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	630	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	800	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	870	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	840	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,590	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,560	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,360	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,240	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,260	...	...	36.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,605	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,835	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,855	...	...	9.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	955	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	220	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	390	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,005	...	...	5.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	865	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	785	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,015	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,005	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	950	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,955	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,780	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,625	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,540	...	...	7.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,340	...	...	6.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,235	...	...	26.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,550	...	...	12.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,400	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,280	...	...	6.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	14,045	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	6,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,485	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,555	2,965	3,590	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	40,400	33,600	36,800	40,400	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	35,600	31,000	32,800	35,600	31,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	14,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,600	...	...	109,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,700	...	...	91,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,400	...	...	134,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,485	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,200	...	...	80,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,490	2,820	3,670	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,240	48,520	40,960	44,240	48,520	40,960
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,360	39,400	35,800	37,360	39,400	35,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	49,995	24,510	25,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,210	5,790	5,420	22.4	23.6	21.3
0 to 5 years	3,305	1,685	1,620	6.6	6.9	6.4
18 to 64 years	29,555	14,595	14,960	59.1	59.5	58.7
65 years and over	9,230	4,130	5,100	18.5	16.9	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,785	2,085	2,705	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,035	550	485	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	355	185	175	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,345	1,080	1,265	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,410	455	960	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.6	8.5	10.6	9.6	8.5	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.5	8.9	9.2	9.5	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	10.9	10.8	10.9	10.9	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.4	8.4	7.9	7.4	8.4
65 years and over (%)	15.3	11.0	18.8	15.3	11.0	18.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	49,995	24,510	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,205	5,790	5,420	22.4	23.6	21.3
0 to 5 years	3,305	1,685	1,620	6.6	6.9	6.4
18 to 64 years	29,560	14,595	14,965	59.1	59.5	58.7
65 years and over	9,230	4,130	5,100	18.5	16.9	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,550	745	810	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	280	145	135	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	50	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,110	530	575	...	...	...
65 years and over	165	65	95	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.6	3.9	3.8	3.6	3.9
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	1.8	1.6	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	49,995	24,510	25,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	28,840	13,745	15,095	57.7	56.1	59.2
In bottom decile	3,940	1,760	2,185	7.9	7.2	8.6
In second decile	5,190	2,340	2,850	10.4	9.5	11.2
In third decile	6,305	3,050	3,255	12.6	12.4	12.8
In fourth decile	6,610	3,230	3,380	13.2	13.2	13.3
In fifth decile	6,795	3,370	3,430	13.6	13.7	13.5
In top half of the distribution	21,155	10,770	10,390	42.3	43.9	40.8
In sixth decile	6,045	3,080	2,965	12.1	12.6	11.6
In seventh decile	5,560	2,790	2,770	11.1	11.4	10.9
In eighth decile	4,525	2,300	2,220	9.1	9.4	8.7
In ninth decile	3,360	1,740	1,620	6.7	7.1	6.4
In top decile	1,675	855	815	3.4	3.5	3.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	49,995	...	...	49,995	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.407	...	...	0.407	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.233	...	...	0.233	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	50,440	24,715	25,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	6,180	3,050	3,125	12.3	12.3	12.1
French only	14,395	6,525	7,875	28.5	26.4	30.6
English and French	29,460	14,970	14,490	58.4	60.6	56.3
Neither English nor French	405	160	245	0.8	0.6	1.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	50,440	24,715	25,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,675	7,710	7,965	31.1	31.2	31.0
French	31,380	15,290	16,090	62.2	61.9	62.5
English and French	3,000	1,560	1,440	5.9	6.3	5.6
Neither English nor French	385	150	230	0.8	0.6	0.9
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	50,440	24,715	25,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	47,700	23,380	24,320	94.6	94.6	94.5
Official languages	39,595	19,365	20,230	78.5	78.4	78.6
English	12,645	6,190	6,455	25.1	25.0	25.1
French	26,950	13,180	13,775	53.4	53.3	53.5
Non-official languages	8,105	4,015	4,090	16.1	16.2	15.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,090	4,015	4,075	16.0	16.2	15.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,310	685	630	2.6	2.8	2.4
Berber languages	300	165	135	0.6	0.7	0.5
Kabyle	285	150	130	0.6	0.6	0.5
Tamazight	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	985	510	475	2.0	2.1	1.8
Amharic	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	950	495	460	1.9	2.0	1.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	200	80	125	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	50	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	285	150	140	0.6	0.6	0.5
Haitian Creole	175	90	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	5,180	2,565	2,615	10.3	10.4	10.2
Albanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,560	765	795	3.1	3.1	3.1
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	1,555	765	790	3.1	3.1	3.1
Belarusian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Czech	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	230	115	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Russian	1,030	515	520	2.0	2.1	2.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	85	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	160	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	115	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	130	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	480	245	240	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	335	170	170	0.7	0.7	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	140	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	150	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	145	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	125	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,825	1,395	1,430	5.6	5.6	5.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	440	220	220	0.9	0.9	0.9
Portuguese	230	110	125	0.5	0.4	0.5
Romanian	585	290	290	1.2	1.2	1.1
Spanish	1,560	770	790	3.1	3.1	3.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	470	230	240	0.9	0.9	0.9
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lingala	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	100	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Shona	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	280	130	150	0.6	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	280	130	145	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	225	105	120	0.4	0.4	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uzbek	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,735	1,330	1,405	5.4	5.4	5.5
English and French	1,495	740	755	3.0	3.0	2.9
English and non-official language(s)	370	185	180	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	580	270	310	1.1	1.1	1.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	210	100	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	85	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	50,440	24,715	25,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,335	6,065	6,265	24.5	24.5	24.4
French	24,905	12,220	12,690	49.4	49.4	49.3
Non-official language	2,475	1,205	1,275	4.9	4.9	5.0
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	2,470	1,205	1,270	4.9	4.9	4.9
English and French	4,505	2,175	2,330	8.9	8.8	9.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,220	585	640	2.4	2.4	2.5
French and non-official language(s)	2,745	1,325	1,420	5.4	5.4	5.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	2,110	1,070	1,040	4.2	4.3	4.0
Multiple non-official languages	145	70	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	50,440	24,715	25,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	47,565	23,360	24,205	94.3	94.5	94.1
Official languages	42,915	21,085	21,830	85.1	85.3	84.9
English	14,840	7,285	7,555	29.4	29.5	29.4
French	28,075	13,805	14,275	55.7	55.9	55.5
Non-official languages	4,645	2,270	2,375	9.2	9.2	9.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,640	2,270	2,375	9.2	9.2	9.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	595	290	305	1.2	1.2	1.2
Berber languages	125	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kabyle	115	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	460	220	240	0.9	0.9	0.9
Amharic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	450	215	230	0.9	0.9	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	115	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,295	1,625	1,670	6.5	6.6	6.5
Albanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,270	640	635	2.5	2.6	2.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	1,270	635	635	2.5	2.6	2.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	120	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	955	475	480	1.9	1.9	1.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	320	160	160	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	220	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,640	795	840	3.3	3.2	3.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	125	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	405	195	210	0.8	0.8	0.8
Spanish	1,035	510	530	2.1	2.1	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	115	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	25	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	225	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	220	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	180	85	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,870	1,355	1,515	5.7	5.5	5.9
English and French	1,315	625	685	2.6	2.5	2.7
English and non-official language(s)	395	185	210	0.8	0.7	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	840	390	445	1.7	1.6	1.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	310	145	170	0.6	0.6	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	50,440	24,715	25,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	41,990	20,545	21,450	83.2	83.1	83.4
English	2,280	1,115	1,160	4.5	4.5	4.5
French	2,675	1,285	1,390	5.3	5.2	5.4
Non-official language	1,910	955	960	3.8	3.9	3.7
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,895	950	950	3.8	3.8	3.7
English and French	555	285	270	1.1	1.2	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	415	225	195	0.8	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	435	220	215	0.9	0.9	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	125	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	49,995	24,510	25,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	49,605	24,345	25,265	99.2	99.3	99.2
English	35,415	17,875	17,540	70.8	72.9	68.8
French	43,480	21,285	22,200	87.0	86.8	87.1
Non-official languages	12,270	5,970	6,295	24.5	24.4	24.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	12,245	5,970	6,275	24.5	24.4	24.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,300	1,130	1,170	4.6	4.6	4.6
Berber languages	500	245	255	1.0	1.0	1.0
Kabyle	465	225	240	0.9	0.9	0.9
Tamazight	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	2,000	985	1,020	4.0	4.0	4.0
Amharic	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arabic	1,825	920	910	3.7	3.8	3.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	145	60	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	90	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	355	160	195	0.7	0.7	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Merina	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	110	145	0.5	0.4	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	705	330	375	1.4	1.3	1.5
Haitian Creole	430	190	240	0.9	0.8	0.9
Jamaican English Creole	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	95	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sango	65	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dravidian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	7,550	3,660	3,890	15.1	14.9	15.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,000	995	1,005	4.0	4.1	3.9
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	1,995	990	1,010	4.0	4.0	4.0
Belarusian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	130	80	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
Czech	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	240	95	145	0.5	0.4	0.6
Russian	1,465	735	730	2.9	3.0	2.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	265	145	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	315	145	165	0.6	0.6	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	265	125	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
German	255	125	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	175	85	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	760	410	345	1.5	1.7	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	565	310	255	1.1	1.3	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	225	125	100	0.5	0.5	0.4
Gujarati	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	135	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	185	110	75	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	200	105	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	195	105	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dari	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	150	95	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,755	2,240	2,515	9.5	9.1	9.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	870	455	410	1.7	1.9	1.6
Portuguese	460	225	235	0.9	0.9	0.9
Romanian	840	385	460	1.7	1.6	1.8
Spanish	2,855	1,315	1,540	5.7	5.4	6.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	905	435	475	1.8	1.8	1.9
Akan (Twi)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Edo	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	80	30	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Lingala	135	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Luba-Kasai	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	135	55	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Wojenaka	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wolof	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	220	100	125	0.4	0.4	0.5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	410	205	200	0.8	0.8	0.8
Chinese languages	410	205	200	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	335	160	170	0.7	0.7	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	105	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	165	75	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	85	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	80	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	49,995	24,515	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,355	605	755	2.7	2.5	3.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,270	575	695	2.5	2.3	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	820	380	445	1.6	1.6	1.7
Métis	430	190	235	0.9	0.8	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	48,645	23,910	24,730	97.3	97.5	97.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	49,995	24,515	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	585	255	335	1.2	1.0	1.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	49,410	24,260	25,150	98.8	99.0	98.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	14,315	...	...	71.9	...	...
Renter	5,600	...	...	28.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,605	...	...	8.1	...	...
Not condominium	18,310	...	...	91.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	85	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	2,175	...	...	10.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,565	...	...	22.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,495	...	...	37.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,600	...	...	28.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,145	...	...	25.8	...	...
5 rooms	2,865	...	...	14.4	...	...
6 rooms	2,675	...	...	13.4	...	...
7 rooms	3,145	...	...	15.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,090	...	...	30.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,700	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	215	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	19,270	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	645	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,545	...	...	17.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,405	...	...	37.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,550	...	...	12.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,705	...	...	8.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	925	...	...	4.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,535	...	...	7.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,295	...	...	6.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	950	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	18,700	...	...	93.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,215	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	10,030	...	...	50.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,125	...	...	45.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	765	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	245	...	...	1.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,925	...	...	9.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,560	...	...	17.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,765	...	...	18.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,385	...	...	22.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,280	...	...	16.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,980	...	...	9.9	...	...
85 years and over	780	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	19,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,370	...	...	82.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,525	...	...	17.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,305	...	...	16.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	19,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	5,000	...	...	25.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,205	...	...	16.1	...	...
Not suitable only	530	...	...	2.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	880	...	...	4.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	265	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	14,920	...	...	74.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	19,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,355	...	...	6.9	...	...
Not in core need	18,320	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,315	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	68.1	...	...	68.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,290	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,294	...	...	1,294	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	340,000	...	...	340,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	351,200	...	...	351,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,605	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.1	...	...	33.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.9	...	...	17.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	961	...	...	961	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	49,995	24,515	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	770	325	445	1.5	1.3	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	765	325	445	1.5	1.3	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	670	280	385	1.3	1.1	1.5
Métis single ancestry	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,360	640	720	2.7	2.6	2.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,360	640	720	2.7	2.6	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,255	595	665	2.5	2.4	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	47,865	23,550	24,320	95.7	96.1	95.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	49,995	24,510	25,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	47,640	23,365	24,275	95.3	95.3	95.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,740	5,580	5,165	21.5	22.8	20.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	36,895	17,785	19,115	73.8	72.6	75.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,360	1,150	1,205	4.7	4.7	4.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	49,995	24,510	25,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	39,190	19,180	20,010	78.4	78.3	78.5
Immigrants⁸¹	10,430	5,125	5,305	20.9	20.9	20.8
Before 1980	1,530	815	715	3.1	3.3	2.8
1980 to 1990	850	365	490	1.7	1.5	1.9
1991 to 2000	1,595	810	785	3.2	3.3	3.1
2001 to 2010	3,460	1,700	1,755	6.9	6.9	6.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,995	1,430	1,560	6.0	5.8	6.1
2011 to 2015	1,885	915	970	3.8	3.7	3.8
2016 to 2021	1,115	515	595	2.2	2.1	2.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	380	210	165	0.8	0.9	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	10,430	5,120	5,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	1,030	590	440	9.9	11.5	8.3
5 to 14 years	1,900	990	910	18.2	19.3	17.1
15 to 24 years	1,700	675	1,025	16.3	13.2	19.3
25 to 44 years	5,195	2,585	2,610	49.8	50.5	49.2
45 years and over	605	285	315	5.8	5.6	5.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	10,430	5,120	5,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	2,845	1,295	1,555	27.3	25.3	29.3
Brazil	170	80	90	1.6	1.6	1.7
Colombia	170	95	75	1.6	1.9	1.4
El Salvador	195	80	110	1.9	1.6	2.1
Guyana	80	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Haiti	375	160	210	3.6	3.1	4.0
Jamaica	270	125	145	2.6	2.4	2.7
Mexico	200	95	100	1.9	1.9	1.9
Peru	95	45	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Trinidad and Tobago	150	45	105	1.4	0.9	2.0
United States of America	200	80	125	1.9	1.6	2.4
Other places of birth in Americas	940	440	500	9.0	8.6	9.4
Europe	2,905	1,465	1,435	27.9	28.6	27.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Croatia	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
France	260	140	125	2.5	2.7	2.4
Germany	105	70	40	1.0	1.4	0.8
Greece	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Hungary	45	40	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Italy	270	150	115	2.6	2.9	2.2
Netherlands	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Poland	155	55	100	1.5	1.1	1.9
Portugal	80	40	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Romania	350	160	195	3.4	3.1	3.7
Russian Federation	260	135	125	2.5	2.6	2.4
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	300	155	145	2.9	3.0	2.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	110	60	50	1.1	1.2	0.9
Other places of birth in Europe	835	405	430	8.0	7.9	8.1
Africa	3,205	1,620	1,585	30.7	31.6	29.8
Algeria	700	350	350	6.7	6.8	6.6
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	165	85	80	1.6	1.7	1.5
Egypt	115	80	35	1.1	1.6	0.7
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Morocco	500	260	240	4.8	5.1	4.5
Nigeria	210	120	90	2.0	2.3	1.7
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other places of birth in Africa	1,485	725	760	14.2	14.2	14.3
Asia	1,465	730	735	14.0	14.3	13.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	135	75	65	1.3	1.5	1.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	80	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
Syria⁸⁹	60	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Turkey	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
China⁹⁰	200	95	105	1.9	1.9	2.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	235	90	145	2.3	1.8	2.7
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bangladesh	105	50	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
India	95	55	45	0.9	1.1	0.8
Pakistan	95	50	45	0.9	1.0	0.8
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	335	170	160	3.2	3.3	3.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,110	520	595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	170	80	90	15.3	15.4	15.1
Brazil	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	40	15	20	3.6	2.9	3.4
Jamaica	15	15	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	1.7
United States of America	30	10	20	2.7	1.9	3.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	25	30	5.0	4.8	5.0
Europe	275	125	155	24.8	24.0	26.1
France	25	10	10	2.3	1.9	1.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	50	25	20	4.5	4.8	3.4
Ukraine	65	30	35	5.9	5.8	5.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	135	55	80	12.2	10.6	13.4
Africa	525	255	265	47.3	49.0	44.5
Algeria	105	45	55	9.5	8.7	9.2
Burundi	70	25	45	6.3	4.8	7.6
Cameroon	105	50	50	9.5	9.6	8.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	30	0	3.2	5.8	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	30	10	20	2.7	1.9	3.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	10	15	2.3	1.9	2.5
Nigeria	25	15	15	2.3	2.9	2.5
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	40	45	7.2	7.7	7.6
Asia	140	60	85	12.6	11.5	14.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	20	25	4.1	3.8	4.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	20	0	15	1.8	0.0	2.5
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	1.7
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	15	1.8	0.0	2.5
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	49,995	24,510	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	11,075	5,440	5,635	22.2	22.2	22.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	8,180	4,095	4,090	16.4	16.7	16.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	30,740	14,980	15,760	61.5	61.1	61.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	8,900	4,305	4,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	4,805	2,410	2,390	54.0	56.0	52.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	2,010	1,155	860	22.6	26.8	18.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	2,790	1,255	1,535	31.3	29.2	33.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,300	1,010	1,295	25.8	23.5	28.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	1,620	795	825	18.2	18.5	18.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	170	85	85	1.9	2.0	1.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	8,900	4,305	4,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	1,260	610	650	14.2	14.2	14.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	700	340	360	7.9	7.9	7.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	145	55	90	1.6	1.3	2.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	180	75	100	2.0	1.7	2.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	6,560	3,195	3,365	73.7	74.2	73.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	49,995	24,515	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	11,510	5,770	5,745	23.0	23.5	22.5
South Asian	770	420	350	1.5	1.7	1.4
Chinese	405	220	185	0.8	0.9	0.7
Black	5,760	2,825	2,930	11.5	11.5	11.5
Filipino	310	140	165	0.6	0.6	0.6
Arab	1,650	875	780	3.3	3.6	3.1
Latin American	1,550	785	770	3.1	3.2	3.0
Southeast Asian	235	120	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
West Asian	200	120	85	0.4	0.5	0.3
Korean	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	200	90	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple visible minorities	365	155	220	0.7	0.6	0.9
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	38,485	18,745	19,740	77.0	76.5	77.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	49,995	24,510	25,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	12,020	5,785	6,230	24.0	23.6	24.5
English	2,745	1,415	1,330	5.5	5.8	5.2
Irish	5,180	2,585	2,595	10.4	10.5	10.2
Scottish	3,120	1,525	1,595	6.2	6.2	6.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,540	4,255	4,285	17.1	17.4	16.8
German	1,215	625	590	2.4	2.5	2.3
Chinese	520	250	270	1.0	1.0	1.1
Italian	2,480	1,365	1,115	5.0	5.6	4.4
Indian (India)	495	255	235	1.0	1.0	0.9
Ukrainian	960	430	530	1.9	1.8	2.1
Dutch	255	110	150	0.5	0.4	0.6
Polish	665	345	320	1.3	1.4	1.3
Québécois	4,015	2,070	1,940	8.0	8.4	7.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	560	260	295	1.1	1.1	1.2
Filipino	310	145	170	0.6	0.6	0.7
French Canadian	2,425	1,110	1,310	4.9	4.5	5.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	655	375	280	1.3	1.5	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	855	405	450	1.7	1.7	1.8
Métis	180	80	100	0.4	0.3	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	510	230	280	1.0	0.9	1.1
Russian	745	375	370	1.5	1.5	1.5
Norwegian	90	30	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Welsh	245	100	145	0.5	0.4	0.6
Portuguese	445	240	200	0.9	1.0	0.8
American	380	140	235	0.8	0.6	0.9
Spanish	655	280	375	1.3	1.1	1.5
Swedish	135	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hungarian	205	130	75	0.4	0.5	0.3
Acadian	630	285	340	1.3	1.2	1.3
Pakistani	190	110	80	0.4	0.4	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	860	455	415	1.7	1.9	1.6
Jewish	265	135	125	0.5	0.6	0.5
Punjabi	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	720	350	365	1.4	1.4	1.4
Greek	400	170	225	0.8	0.7	0.9
Jamaican	600	305	300	1.2	1.2	1.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	710	335	375	1.4	1.4	1.5
Lebanese	220	130	90	0.4	0.5	0.4
Iranian	160	95	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	505	260	250	1.0	1.1	1.0
Danish	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	200	110	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	95	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belgian	280	155	125	0.6	0.6	0.5
Haitian	830	370	460	1.7	1.5	1.8
Hindu	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexican	320	150	170	0.6	0.6	0.7
Mennonite	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	125	55	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Finnish	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sri Lankan	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	45	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	130	75	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	150	65	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Egyptian	150	90	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	340	155	185	0.7	0.6	0.7
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	170	90	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
Moroccan	510	260	255	1.0	1.1	1.0
Czech	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Syrian	90	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guyanese	130	80	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	395	190	205	0.8	0.8	0.8
Serbian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Persian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	195	95	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Turkish	110	40	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	150	85	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algerian	515	265	260	1.0	1.1	1.0
Brazilian	210	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
Nigerian	220	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
Armenian	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	100	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	335	160	170	0.7	0.7	0.7
African Caribbean	230	90	140	0.5	0.4	0.5
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	260	145	115	0.5	0.6	0.5
Algonquin	135	35	90	0.3	0.1	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	110	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lithuanian	70	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
South African	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chilean	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	290	150	140	0.6	0.6	0.5
Nova Scotian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	95	70	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber	430	210	225	0.9	0.9	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
African Canadian	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Israeli	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mohawk	290	100	195	0.6	0.4	0.8
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	130	80	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Barbadian	335	170	165	0.7	0.7	0.6
African American	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	130	60	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cameroonian	335	170	160	0.7	0.7	0.6
Guatemalan	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kurdish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	230	105	120	0.5	0.4	0.5
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Byelorussian	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	330	130	200	0.7	0.5	0.8
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	105	35	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	25	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norman	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	125	55	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	155	65	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mauritian	115	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kenyan	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	145	70	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	135	55	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Grenadian	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Honduran	120	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	40	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	125	60	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	75	35	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	120	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	49,995	24,515	25,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	190	95	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Christian	33,145	15,650	17,495	66.3	63.8	68.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,605	1,845	1,760	7.2	7.5	6.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,075	455	615	2.2	1.9	2.4
Baptist	270	125	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catholic	23,270	10,960	12,310	46.5	44.7	48.3
Christian Orthodox	1,550	705	845	3.1	2.9	3.3
Jehovah's Witness	370	150	215	0.7	0.6	0.8
Latter Day Saints	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lutheran	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	685	315	370	1.4	1.3	1.5
Presbyterian	140	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Reformed	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	475	245	230	1.0	1.0	0.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,535	695	845	3.1	2.8	3.3
Hindu	190	95	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	180	95	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Muslim	3,260	1,620	1,645	6.5	6.6	6.5
Sikh	115	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	100	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	12,815	6,850	5,970	25.6	27.9	23.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	49,540	24,325	25,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	44,700	21,945	22,755	90.2	90.2	90.2
Movers	4,840	2,375	2,465	9.8	9.8	9.8
Non-migrants	2,160	1,080	1,085	4.4	4.4	4.3
Migrants	2,680	1,300	1,375	5.4	5.3	5.5
Internal migrants	2,535	1,235	1,300	5.1	5.1	5.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,435	1,200	1,235	4.9	4.9	4.9
Interprovincial migrants	100	35	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
External migrants	140	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	47,285	23,110	24,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,945	14,725	15,225	63.3	63.7	63.0
Movers	17,340	8,385	8,955	36.7	36.3	37.0
Non-migrants	5,630	2,660	2,970	11.9	11.5	12.3
Migrants	11,710	5,720	5,985	24.8	24.8	24.8
Internal migrants	10,725	5,235	5,490	22.7	22.7	22.7
Intraprovincial migrants	10,295	5,035	5,265	21.8	21.8	21.8
Interprovincial migrants	425	200	230	0.9	0.9	1.0
External migrants	985	490	505	2.1	2.1	2.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,660	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,630	4,510	4,125	21.2	22.9	19.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	32,030	15,190	16,840	78.8	77.1	80.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,800	12,645	13,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,620	2,115	1,500	14.0	16.7	11.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	22,185	10,530	11,655	86.0	83.3	88.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,665	19,700	20,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,705	3,945	3,765	18.9	20.0	18.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,310	5,585	5,720	27.8	28.4	27.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,645	10,170	11,480	53.2	51.6	54.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15,010	7,325	7,690	36.9	37.2	36.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,600	3,925	2,675	16.2	19.9	12.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,655	2,365	2,295	11.4	12.0	10.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,945	1,555	380	4.8	7.9	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,135	2,840	4,300	17.5	14.4	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,280	565	715	3.1	2.9	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,635	2,845	3,785	16.3	14.4	18.1
Bachelor's degree	4,590	1,895	2,695	11.3	9.6	12.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	690	310	375	1.7	1.6	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	35	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	1,100	530	570	2.7	2.7	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	75	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,800	12,645	13,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,015	1,760	1,255	11.7	13.9	9.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,200	3,200	2,995	24.0	25.3	22.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,590	7,680	8,905	64.3	60.7	67.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,030	5,380	5,650	42.8	42.5	42.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,010	2,915	2,095	19.4	23.1	15.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,565	1,775	1,790	13.8	14.0	13.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,450	1,145	305	5.6	9.1	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,065	2,025	3,045	19.6	16.0	23.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	950	440	510	3.7	3.5	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,560	2,305	3,255	21.6	18.2	24.7
Bachelor's degree	3,815	1,520	2,295	14.8	12.0	17.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	560	245	315	2.2	1.9	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	25	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	965	450	510	3.7	3.6	3.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	145	65	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	40,665	19,700	20,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	19,015	9,530	9,485	46.8	48.4	45.3
Education	1,315	265	1,045	3.2	1.3	5.0
13. Education	1,315	265	1,045	3.2	1.3	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	780	365	415	1.9	1.9	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	95	35	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	650	270	380	1.6	1.4	1.8
Humanities	1,005	360	640	2.5	1.8	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	135	35	95	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	70	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	485	175	315	1.2	0.9	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	55	35	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	95	30	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,485	720	1,770	6.1	3.7	8.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	195	65	130	0.5	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	560	20	540	1.4	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	370	140	235	0.9	0.7	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	285	60	230	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	1,000	415	580	2.5	2.1	2.8
Business, management and public administration	4,610	1,465	3,145	11.3	7.4	15.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	275	35	235	0.7	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,325	1,430	2,900	10.6	7.3	13.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	705	350	360	1.7	1.8	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	225	65	160	0.6	0.3	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	245	160	90	0.6	0.8	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	895	675	215	2.2	3.4	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	800	630	170	2.0	3.2	0.8
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,010	4,580	425	12.3	23.2	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	140	85	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	795	635	160	2.0	3.2	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	950	870	85	2.3	4.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,245	1,195	45	3.1	6.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,235	1,185	50	3.0	6.0	0.2
48. Precision production	645	615	25	1.6	3.1	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	115	180	0.7	0.6	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	235	75	155	0.6	0.4	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	35	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	2,970	445	2,520	7.3	2.3	12.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	190	90	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,765	355	2,405	6.8	1.8	11.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,575	825	750	3.9	4.2	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	825	185	640	2.0	0.9	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	335	270	65	0.8	1.4	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	410	365	45	1.0	1.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	25,800	12,645	13,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,210	4,965	4,250	35.7	39.3	32.3
Education	910	180	735	3.5	1.4	5.6
13. Education	910	180	735	3.5	1.4	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	575	240	335	2.2	1.9	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	60	30	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	495	185	305	1.9	1.5	2.3
Humanities	680	255	425	2.6	2.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	320	120	200	1.2	0.9	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,925	540	1,385	7.5	4.3	10.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	60	105	0.6	0.5	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	435	0	430	1.7	0.0	3.3
22. Legal professions and studies	320	120	200	1.2	0.9	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	220	50	175	0.9	0.4	1.3
45. Social sciences	740	310	430	2.9	2.5	3.3
Business, management and public administration	3,555	1,070	2,485	13.8	8.5	18.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	230	30	200	0.9	0.2	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,325	1,040	2,280	12.9	8.2	17.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	510	245	265	2.0	1.9	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	50	140	0.7	0.4	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	195	115	75	0.8	0.9	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	740	565	180	2.9	4.5	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	670	530	140	2.6	4.2	1.1
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,885	3,500	385	15.1	27.7	2.9
04. Architecture and related services	105	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
14. Engineering	690	545	145	2.7	4.3	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	700	635	65	2.7	5.0	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	910	865	45	3.5	6.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,005	960	45	3.9	7.6	0.3
48. Precision production	475	450	25	1.8	3.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	75	145	0.9	0.6	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	180	55	125	0.7	0.4	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	2,345	365	1,980	9.1	2.9	15.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	60	90	0.6	0.5	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,185	305	1,885	8.5	2.4	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,225	635	585	4.7	5.0	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	635	140	495	2.5	1.1	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	245	195	45	0.9	1.5	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	340	300	40	1.3	2.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	25,800	12,645	13,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,210	4,965	4,250	35.7	39.3	32.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	16,585	7,685	8,905	64.3	60.8	67.7
Location of study inside Canada	13,670	6,215	7,460	53.0	49.1	56.7
Same as province or territory of residence	13,275	6,045	7,230	51.5	47.8	55.0
Different than province or territory of residence	395	165	230	1.5	1.3	1.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,915	1,470	1,445	11.3	11.6	11.0
Americas	645	350	295	2.5	2.8	2.2
United States of America	115	75	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mexico	120	45	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Cuba	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haiti	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaica	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazil	105	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Colombia	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Peru	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	100	65	30	0.4	0.5	0.2
Europe	980	495	485	3.8	3.9	3.7
Belgium	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	170	100	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Germany	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	220	105	120	0.9	0.8	0.9
Poland	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romania	130	75	45	0.5	0.6	0.3
Russian Federation	140	70	75	0.5	0.6	0.6
Ukraine	105	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Africa	800	380	425	3.1	3.0	3.2
Nigeria	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algeria	275	130	145	1.1	1.0	1.1
Morocco	130	55	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Tunisia	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egypt	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	265	125	140	1.0	1.0	1.1
Asia	475	230	245	1.8	1.8	1.9
Iran⁸⁸	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	130	50	80	0.5	0.4	0.6
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	115	35	80	0.4	0.3	0.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistan	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	65	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Oceania	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australia	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	40,665	19,700	20,965	...	...	...
In the labour force	25,900	13,290	12,615	...	...	...
Employed	23,730	12,150	11,575	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,170	1,130	1,040	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	14,760	6,415	8,345	...	...	...
Participation rate	63.7	67.5	60.2	63.7	67.5	60.2
Employment rate	58.4	61.7	55.2	58.4	61.7	55.2
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.5	8.2	8.4	8.5	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	40,665	19,700	20,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	15,135	6,590	8,550	37.2	33.5	40.8
Worked	25,530	13,110	12,415	62.8	66.5	59.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,790	7,400	6,390	33.9	37.6	30.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	11,740	5,715	6,025	28.9	29.0	28.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.8	40.9	41.4	41.8	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	25,905	13,285	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	645	310	330	2.5	2.3	2.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	25,260	12,975	12,285	97.5	97.7	97.4
Employee	22,735	11,540	11,190	87.8	86.9	88.7
Permanent position	19,655	10,165	9,490	75.9	76.5	75.2
Temporary position	3,080	1,375	1,705	11.9	10.4	13.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	935	405	530	3.6	3.0	4.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,145	970	1,175	8.3	7.3	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,530	1,435	1,090	9.8	10.8	8.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	25,905	13,285	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	645	310	330	2.5	2.3	2.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	25,260	12,975	12,285	97.5	97.7	97.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	240	170	70	0.9	1.3	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,595	1,475	3,120	17.7	11.1	24.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,735	1,380	355	6.7	10.4	2.8
3 Health occupations	2,330	385	1,945	9.0	2.9	15.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,870	680	2,190	11.1	5.1	17.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	610	275	335	2.4	2.1	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	6,545	3,005	3,540	25.3	22.6	28.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,065	4,660	405	19.6	35.1	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	180	135	45	0.7	1.0	0.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,090	820	275	4.2	6.2	2.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	25,905	13,285	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	645	310	330	2.5	2.3	2.6
All industries¹⁹¹	25,260	12,975	12,285	97.5	97.7	97.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	55	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
22 Utilities	130	110	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
23 Construction	1,850	1,655	200	7.1	12.5	1.6
31-33 Manufacturing	2,640	1,850	785	10.2	13.9	6.2
41 Wholesale trade	995	650	350	3.8	4.9	2.8
44-45 Retail trade	3,170	1,560	1,615	12.2	11.7	12.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,055	1,545	510	7.9	11.6	4.0
51 Information and cultural industries	530	255	270	2.0	1.9	2.1
52 Finance and insurance	1,000	360	640	3.9	2.7	5.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	385	200	185	1.5	1.5	1.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,670	920	745	6.4	6.9	5.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,140	680	465	4.4	5.1	3.7
61 Educational services	1,800	465	1,340	6.9	3.5	10.6
62 Health care and social assistance	4,015	740	3,280	15.5	5.6	26.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	175	160	1.3	1.3	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	1,240	605	640	4.8	4.6	5.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,075	550	525	4.1	4.1	4.2
91 Public administration	1,090	595	495	4.2	4.5	3.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	27,190	13,935	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,725	1,970	1,760	13.7	14.1	13.3
French	11,465	5,835	5,625	42.2	41.9	42.5
Non-official language	85	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	11,450	5,880	5,570	42.1	42.2	42.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	305	150	160	1.1	1.1	1.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	27,190	13,935	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	24,245	12,450	11,795	89.2	89.3	89.0
Official languages	24,090	12,375	11,715	88.6	88.8	88.4
English	6,660	3,430	3,230	24.5	24.6	24.4
French	17,435	8,945	8,490	64.1	64.2	64.1
Non-official languages	155	70	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	70	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,940	1,485	1,455	10.8	10.7	11.0
English and French	2,855	1,440	1,415	10.5	10.3	10.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	27,190	13,935	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,130	9,290	8,845	66.7	66.7	66.8
English	5,875	3,065	2,810	21.6	22.0	21.2
French	2,850	1,435	1,410	10.5	10.3	10.6
Non-official language	145	65	80	0.5	0.5	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	145	65	80	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and French	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	90	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	70	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	23,730	12,150	11,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,250	1,805	2,445	17.9	14.9	21.1
Worked outside Canada	40	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
No fixed workplace address	2,750	2,075	675	11.6	17.1	5.8
Usual place of work	16,690	8,245	8,445	70.3	67.9	73.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	16,690	8,245	8,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,140	2,485	3,655	36.8	30.1	43.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,405	725	675	8.4	8.8	8.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	9,135	5,030	4,105	54.7	61.0	48.6
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	19,435	10,315	9,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	16,785	9,275	7,515	86.4	89.9	82.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	15,565	8,755	6,815	80.1	84.9	74.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,220	525	695	6.3	5.1	7.6
Public transit	1,480	550	925	7.6	5.3	10.1
Walked	685	275	410	3.5	2.7	4.5
Bicycle	160	90	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Other method	325	125	200	1.7	1.2	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	19,435	10,315	9,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,270	2,165	3,105	27.1	21.0	34.0
15 to 29 minutes	5,410	3,040	2,365	27.8	29.5	25.9
30 to 44 minutes	5,515	3,330	2,190	28.4	32.3	24.0
45 to 59 minutes	1,810	1,040	770	9.3	10.1	8.4
60 minutes and over	1,425	740	685	7.3	7.2	7.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	19,435	10,315	9,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,255	1,695	565	11.6	16.4	6.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,815	2,250	1,565	19.6	21.8	17.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,835	2,175	2,665	24.9	21.1	29.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,925	1,180	1,745	15.1	11.4	19.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,930	825	1,105	9.9	8.0	12.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,680	2,200	1,480	18.9	21.3	16.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	11,415	5,890	5,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,845	2,000	1,845	33.7	34.0	33.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,565	3,890	3,680	66.3	66.0	66.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,460	4,385	4,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,855	1,475	1,380	33.7	33.6	33.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	2,380	1,230	1,150	28.1	28.1	28.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	475	245	230	5.6	5.6	5.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,605	2,910	2,700	66.3	66.4	66.2

Symbol legend

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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