Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Central Regional Health AuthorityMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Health region]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	88,744	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	52,457	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	39,640	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	...	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	...	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	88,745	43,555	45,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10,540	5,415	5,120	11.9	12.4	11.3
0 to 4 years	2,870	1,475	1,395	3.2	3.4	3.1
5 to 9 years	3,405	1,750	1,655	3.8	4.0	3.7
10 to 14 years	4,265	2,195	2,075	4.8	5.0	4.6
15 to 64 years	52,705	25,965	26,745	59.4	59.6	59.2
15 to 19 years	4,235	2,245	1,995	4.8	5.2	4.4
20 to 24 years	3,500	1,800	1,695	3.9	4.1	3.8
25 to 29 years	3,210	1,605	1,600	3.6	3.7	3.5
30 to 34 years	3,515	1,710	1,795	4.0	3.9	4.0
35 to 39 years	4,025	1,900	2,125	4.5	4.4	4.7
40 to 44 years	4,725	2,230	2,495	5.3	5.1	5.5
45 to 49 years	5,905	2,830	3,070	6.7	6.5	6.8
50 to 54 years	7,210	3,565	3,650	8.1	8.2	8.1
55 to 59 years	7,855	3,895	3,965	8.9	8.9	8.8
60 to 64 years	8,535	4,180	4,350	9.6	9.6	9.6
65 years and over	25,490	12,175	13,320	28.7	28.0	29.5
65 to 69 years	8,435	4,120	4,315	9.5	9.5	9.5
70 to 74 years	7,235	3,535	3,700	8.2	8.1	8.2
75 to 79 years	4,715	2,290	2,425	5.3	5.3	5.4
80 to 84 years	2,955	1,355	1,595	3.3	3.1	3.5
85 years and over	2,155	875	1,280	2.4	2.0	2.8
85 to 89 years	1,480	650	830	1.7	1.5	1.8
90 to 94 years	565	205	360	0.6	0.5	0.8
95 to 99 years	100	20	75	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.9	12.4	11.3	11.9	12.4	11.3
15 to 64 years	59.4	59.6	59.2	59.4	59.6	59.2
65 years and over	28.7	28.0	29.5	28.7	28.0	29.5
85 years and over	2.4	2.0	2.8	2.4	2.0	2.8
Average age of the population	48.8	48.1	49.4	48.8	48.1	49.4
Median age of the population	53.2	52.8	54.0	53.2	52.8	54.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	39,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	33,210	...	...	83.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,405	...	...	3.5	...	...
Row house	1,570	...	...	4.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,565	...	...	3.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,585	...	...	4.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	235	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	39,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	10,240	...	...	25.8	...	...
2 persons	18,310	...	...	46.2	...	...
3 persons	5,850	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	3,795	...	...	9.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,445	...	...	3.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	87,295	43,035	44,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	78,200	38,135	40,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	51,200	25,600	25,600	65.5	67.1	63.9
Married	43,060	21,535	21,530	55.1	56.5	53.7
Living common-law	8,140	4,070	4,075	10.4	10.7	10.2
Living common law - Never married	5,765	2,905	2,865	7.4	7.6	7.2
Living common law - Separated	295	145	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	1,750	870	880	2.2	2.3	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	325	145	180	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	27,000	12,535	14,460	34.5	32.9	36.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	15,470	8,590	6,885	19.8	22.5	17.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,485	710	770	1.9	1.9	1.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,745	1,850	1,895	4.8	4.9	4.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	6,300	1,390	4,910	8.1	3.6	12.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	28,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	18,850	...	...	65.1	...	...
3 persons	5,570	...	...	19.2	...	...
4 persons	3,505	...	...	12.1	...	...
5 or more persons	1,035	...	...	3.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	28,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	25,260	...	...	87.2	...	...
Married couples	21,185	...	...	73.1	...	...
With children⁶	7,020	...	...	24.2	...	...
Without children	14,170	...	...	48.9	...	...
Common-law couples	4,070	...	...	14.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,790	...	...	6.2	...	...
Without children	2,280	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,705	...	...	12.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,860	...	...	9.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	850	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	87,295	43,035	44,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	73,850	36,945	36,900	84.6	85.8	83.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	50,515	25,255	25,265	57.9	58.7	57.1
Parents in one-parent families	3,705	850	2,855	4.2	2.0	6.5
Children⁶	19,625	10,840	8,785	22.5	25.2	19.8
In a two-parent family	14,235	7,800	6,435	16.3	18.1	14.5
In a one-parent family	5,385	3,035	2,350	6.2	7.1	5.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,445	6,095	7,350	15.4	14.2	16.6
Living alone	10,240	4,555	5,685	11.7	10.6	12.8
Living with other relatives⁷	1,545	655	890	1.8	1.5	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	1,655	885	780	1.9	2.1	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	39,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	26,935	...	...	67.9	...	...
Couple-family households	23,900	...	...	60.3	...	...
With children⁶	8,315	...	...	21.0	...	...
Without children	15,585	...	...	39.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,035	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	630	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	115	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	820	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	895	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	10,245	...	...	25.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	76,755	37,620	39,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	74,435	36,560	37,880	97.0	97.2	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,400	27,400	32,000	38,400	27,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	74,470	36,575	37,895	97.0	97.2	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	34,400	25,600	29,400	34,400	25,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	57,135	29,480	27,655	74.4	78.4	70.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,600	29,000	18,200	23,600	29,000	18,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45,135	23,605	21,530	58.8	62.7	55.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,000	29,200	19,400	24,000	29,200	19,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	65,350	31,155	34,195	85.1	82.8	87.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,400	16,800	14,100	15,400	16,800	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,795	12,110	9,685	28.4	32.2	24.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700	12,900	8,400	10,700	12,900	8,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,390	9,025	9,365	24.0	24.0	23.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,500	8,000	7,500	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	76,790	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	74,500	36,615	37,885	97.0	97.3	96.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,840	47,960	33,960	40,840	47,960	33,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	74,540	36,635	37,910	97.1	97.3	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,920	29,880	34,800	39,920	29,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	57,085	29,300	27,780	74.3	77.8	70.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,840	42,760	28,520	35,840	42,760	28,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45,180	23,440	21,740	58.8	62.3	55.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,480	43,200	29,240	36,480	43,200	29,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	65,425	31,165	34,265	85.2	82.8	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,240	16,140	14,420	15,240	16,140	14,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,960	12,200	9,760	28.6	32.4	24.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,540	12,690	10,100	11,540	12,690	10,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,330	8,845	9,485	23.9	23.5	24.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,930	8,260	8,100	7,930	8,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	76,790	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,595	7,150	7,445	19.0	19.0	19.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	64,000	46,400	55,200	64,000	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,800	76,100	53,900	64,800	76,100	53,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	23,960	12,745	11,215	31.2	33.9	28.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	20,600	13,500	16,200	20,600	13,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,640	32,280	18,040	25,640	32,280	18,040
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	67.2	71.4	61.6	67.2	71.4	61.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.2	57.6	49.4	54.2	57.6	49.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	32.8	28.7	38.4	32.8	28.7	38.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.3	8.8	7.7	8.3	8.8	7.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	4.7	7.5	5.9	4.7	7.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.0	6.1	4.9	4.0	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	76,760	37,620	39,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	2,320	1,065	1,255	3.0	2.8	3.2
With total income	74,440	36,560	37,880	97.0	97.2	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,565	2,345	4,215	8.8	6.4	11.1
$10,000 to $19,999	12,705	4,750	7,965	17.1	13.0	21.0
$20,000 to $29,999	15,290	6,630	8,660	20.5	18.1	22.9
$30,000 to $39,999	11,830	5,480	6,350	15.9	15.0	16.8
$40,000 to $49,999	8,875	4,780	4,095	11.9	13.1	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	5,680	3,390	2,290	7.6	9.3	6.0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,725	2,465	1,260	5.0	6.8	3.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,550	1,715	835	3.4	4.7	2.2
$80,000 to $89,999	1,750	1,180	570	2.4	3.2	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,610	945	665	2.2	2.6	1.8
$100,000 and over	3,860	2,880	980	5.2	7.9	2.6
$100,000 to $149,999	2,760	1,980	775	3.7	5.4	2.0
$150,000 and over	1,100	895	200	1.5	2.4	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	76,760	37,620	39,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	2,290	1,045	1,240	3.0	2.8	3.2
With after-tax income	74,470	36,575	37,895	97.0	97.2	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,880	2,430	4,450	9.2	6.6	11.7
$10,000 to $19,999	13,205	4,935	8,270	17.7	13.5	21.8
$20,000 to $29,999	18,145	7,935	10,210	24.4	21.7	26.9
$30,000 to $39,999	13,215	6,695	6,515	17.7	18.3	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	8,990	5,240	3,750	12.1	14.3	9.9
$50,000 to $59,999	5,235	3,370	1,860	7.0	9.2	4.9
$60,000 to $69,999	2,960	1,960	1,005	4.0	5.3	2.7
$70,000 to $79,999	2,255	1,365	890	3.0	3.7	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,300	855	445	1.7	2.4	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	760	565	195	1.0	1.5	0.5
$100,000 and over	1,540	1,230	310	2.1	3.3	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	800	635	160	1.1	1.7	0.4
$125,000 and over	740	590	150	1.0	1.6	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	76,760	37,620	39,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	31,620	14,020	17,600	41.2	37.3	45.0
With employment income	45,135	23,600	21,535	58.8	62.7	55.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,865	3,720	4,140	17.4	15.8	19.2
$5,000 to $9,999	4,490	1,895	2,595	9.9	8.0	12.1
$10,000 to $19,999	7,880	3,630	4,255	17.5	15.4	19.7
$20,000 to $29,999	5,735	2,765	2,970	12.7	11.7	13.8
$30,000 to $39,999	4,125	2,085	2,045	9.1	8.8	9.5
$40,000 to $49,999	3,355	1,815	1,550	7.4	7.7	7.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,610	1,625	980	5.8	6.9	4.6
$60,000 to $69,999	2,025	1,305	715	4.5	5.6	3.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,610	1,065	550	3.6	4.5	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,195	755	440	2.7	3.2	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,275	685	585	2.8	2.9	2.7
$100,000 and over	2,965	2,250	715	6.6	9.5	3.3
$100,000 to $124,999	1,540	1,060	480	3.4	4.5	2.2
$125,000 and over	1,425	1,190	235	3.2	5.0	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	76,755	37,620	39,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	73,380	36,020	37,355	95.6	95.7	95.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	38,400	24,400	30,200	38,400	24,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	73,445	36,020	37,430	95.7	95.7	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	34,800	23,200	27,800	34,800	23,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	57,375	29,580	27,795	74.8	78.6	71.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,400	32,800	19,600	25,400	32,800	19,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,355	24,160	22,190	60.4	64.2	56.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,200	34,400	20,600	26,200	34,400	20,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	61,175	28,820	32,350	79.7	76.6	82.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,200	15,100	11,700	13,200	15,100	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	21,350	11,895	9,460	27.8	31.6	24.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,900	12,800	9,000	10,900	12,800	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	76,790	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	73,260	35,950	37,310	95.4	95.5	95.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,680	49,400	32,240	40,680	49,400	32,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	73,300	35,950	37,350	95.5	95.5	95.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,240	40,440	28,280	34,240	40,440	28,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	57,150	29,405	27,745	74.4	78.1	70.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,360	46,680	29,560	38,360	46,680	29,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,160	23,940	22,215	60.1	63.6	56.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,640	48,280	30,320	39,640	48,280	30,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	61,010	28,690	32,325	79.5	76.2	82.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,900	14,080	11,860	12,900	14,080	11,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,365	11,790	9,575	27.8	31.3	24.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,500	12,710	10,020	11,500	12,710	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	76,790	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,530	7,160	7,365	18.9	19.0	18.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	62,000	43,600	52,400	62,000	43,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,600	74,600	52,900	63,600	74,600	52,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	22,530	12,090	10,440	29.3	32.1	26.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	27,800	15,900	20,400	27,800	15,900
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,720	42,280	21,600	32,720	42,280	21,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	73.6	77.2	68.2	73.6	77.2	68.2
Employment income (%)	61.4	65.0	56.0	61.4	65.0	56.0
Government transfers (%)	26.5	22.8	31.9	26.5	22.8	31.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.2	8.4	8.0	8.2	8.4	8.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	39,640	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	10,245	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600	...	...	28,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,400	...	...	27,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	29,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	39,650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,700	...	...	76,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,400	...	...	65,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,840	...	...	38,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,680	...	...	33,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	29,430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	89,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	39,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	325	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	795	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	790	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,845	...	...	7.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,710	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,605	...	...	6.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,760	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,025	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,780	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,370	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,135	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,925	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,485	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,195	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,735	...	...	24.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,785	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,320	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,235	...	...	5.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,400	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	39,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	335	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	805	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	825	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,010	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,025	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,775	...	...	7.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,045	...	...	7.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,255	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,050	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,135	...	...	10.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,815	...	...	9.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,225	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,590	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,980	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,590	...	...	16.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,235	...	...	8.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,660	...	...	4.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,695	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	28,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	15,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	8,980	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,430	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	48,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	11,905	5,440	6,460	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	32,400	26,800	28,800	32,400	26,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,400	29,400	26,000	27,400	29,400	26,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	28,835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,700	...	...	89,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,300	...	...	76,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15,640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,900	...	...	75,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,400	...	...	65,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	9,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,200	...	...	124,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,800	...	...	102,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,500	...	...	60,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,450	...	...	54,450	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	11,905	5,395	6,510	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,240	42,240	34,960	38,240	42,240	34,960
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,240	35,720	31,200	33,240	35,720	31,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	87,295	43,040	44,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	13,135	6,820	6,315	15.0	15.8	14.3
0 to 5 years	3,555	1,830	1,735	4.1	4.3	3.9
18 to 64 years	49,970	24,450	25,520	57.2	56.8	57.7
65 years and over	24,190	11,770	12,420	27.7	27.3	28.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	16,835	7,665	9,170	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	2,425	1,250	1,175	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	785	410	380	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	6,655	3,010	3,645	...	...	...
65 years and over	7,755	3,410	4,350	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.3	17.8	20.7	19.3	17.8	20.7
0 to 17 years (%)	18.4	18.3	18.6	18.4	18.3	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.2	22.3	22.0	22.2	22.3	22.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.3	12.3	14.3	13.3	12.3	14.3
65 years and over (%)	32.0	29.0	35.0	32.0	29.0	35.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	86,340	42,525	43,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	12,925	6,700	6,230	15.0	15.8	14.2
0 to 5 years	3,485	1,785	1,700	4.0	4.2	3.9
18 to 64 years	49,310	24,110	25,200	57.1	56.7	57.5
65 years and over	24,105	11,720	12,385	27.9	27.6	28.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,560	1,295	1,265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	335	180	160	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	100	50	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,025	1,050	975	...	...	...
65 years and over	195	70	130	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.1	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.4	3.9	4.1	4.4	3.9
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	87,295	43,040	44,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	59,105	28,530	30,575	67.7	66.3	69.1
In bottom decile	12,170	5,505	6,670	13.9	12.8	15.1
In second decile	15,210	7,165	8,040	17.4	16.6	18.2
In third decile	11,785	5,805	5,985	13.5	13.5	13.5
In fourth decile	10,670	5,345	5,325	12.2	12.4	12.0
In fifth decile	9,270	4,710	4,560	10.6	10.9	10.3
In top half of the distribution	28,190	14,510	13,680	32.3	33.7	30.9
In sixth decile	8,005	4,125	3,880	9.2	9.6	8.8
In seventh decile	6,805	3,475	3,330	7.8	8.1	7.5
In eighth decile	5,855	3,010	2,845	6.7	7.0	6.4
In ninth decile	4,460	2,295	2,170	5.1	5.3	4.9
In top decile	3,060	1,605	1,450	3.5	3.7	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	87,295	...	...	87,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.317	...	...	0.317	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.526	...	...	0.526	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.272	...	...	0.272	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	87,930	43,265	44,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	85,715	42,320	43,395	97.5	97.8	97.2
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,155	905	1,245	2.5	2.1	2.8
Neither English nor French	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	87,930	43,265	44,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	87,700	43,145	44,555	99.7	99.7	99.8
French	175	90	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	87,930	43,265	44,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	87,695	43,155	44,540	99.7	99.7	99.7
Official languages	87,060	42,845	44,215	99.0	99.0	99.0
English	86,875	42,755	44,120	98.8	98.8	98.8
French	185	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	635	310	325	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	620	305	315	0.7	0.7	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	105	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	95	35	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	135	130	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	115	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	20	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	235	110	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	87,930	43,265	44,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	86,970	42,775	44,190	98.9	98.9	98.9
French	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	155	85	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	155	85	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	190	95	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	530	260	270	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	87,930	43,265	44,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	87,790	43,195	44,595	99.8	99.8	99.8
Official languages	87,480	43,020	44,460	99.5	99.4	99.5
English	87,410	42,985	44,430	99.4	99.4	99.5
French	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	310	175	135	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	175	135	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	65	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	140	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	87,930	43,265	44,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	87,305	42,960	44,345	99.3	99.3	99.3
English	135	80	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
French	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	260	120	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	240	115	130	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	87,330	43,060	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	87,300	43,035	44,260	100.0	99.9	100.0
English	87,280	43,030	44,250	99.9	99.9	100.0
French	2,140	860	1,275	2.5	2.0	2.9
Non-official languages	1,165	545	620	1.3	1.3	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,110	520	595	1.3	1.2	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	20	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	585	270	315	0.7	0.6	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	140	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	215	120	100	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	185	110	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	70	65	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	130	70	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	50	120	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	110	35	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	85	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	87,330	43,055	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	5,650	2,760	2,895	6.5	6.4	6.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	5,295	2,610	2,680	6.1	6.1	6.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,910	1,920	1,990	4.5	4.5	4.5
Métis	990	510	475	1.1	1.2	1.1
Inuk (Inuit)	395	180	215	0.5	0.4	0.5
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	330	130	200	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-Indigenous identity	81,675	40,300	41,375	93.5	93.6	93.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	87,330	43,055	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,395	1,635	1,760	3.9	3.8	4.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	83,935	41,420	42,510	96.1	96.2	96.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	31,395	...	...	79.2	...	...
Renter	8,090	...	...	20.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	160	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	485	...	...	1.2	...	...
Not condominium	39,165	...	...	98.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,615	...	...	4.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,400	...	...	26.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,560	...	...	46.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,030	...	...	22.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,095	...	...	15.4	...	...
5 rooms	6,720	...	...	16.9	...	...
6 rooms	7,300	...	...	18.4	...	...
7 rooms	6,325	...	...	16.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,205	...	...	33.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,470	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	185	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	39,135	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	515	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	8,525	...	...	21.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,090	...	...	35.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,940	...	...	15.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,230	...	...	10.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,555	...	...	3.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,925	...	...	4.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,060	...	...	5.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,325	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	37,120	...	...	93.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,535	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	21,120	...	...	53.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	17,800	...	...	44.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	735	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	675	...	...	1.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,170	...	...	8.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,580	...	...	11.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,905	...	...	17.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,120	...	...	23.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,240	...	...	23.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,840	...	...	12.2	...	...
85 years and over	1,130	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	39,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,485	...	...	87.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,765	...	...	12.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,505	...	...	11.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	39,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	7,320	...	...	18.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,320	...	...	10.9	...	...
Not suitable only	435	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,060	...	...	5.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	420	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	32,335	...	...	81.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	38,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	3,120	...	...	8.0	...	...
Not in core need	35,875	...	...	92.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	31,220	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	38.1	...	...	38.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	532	...	...	532	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	760	...	...	760	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	174,800	...	...	174,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,070	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.2	...	...	19.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.0	...	...	33.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.5	...	...	21.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	814	...	...	814	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	165	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	388	...	...	388	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	432	...	...	432	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	87,330	43,055	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	4,100	2,020	2,080	4.7	4.7	4.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	4,030	1,980	2,045	4.6	4.6	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,290	1,605	1,685	3.8	3.7	3.8
Métis single ancestry	455	245	205	0.5	0.6	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	285	125	155	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,370	1,595	1,770	3.9	3.7	4.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,305	1,560	1,745	3.8	3.6	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,605	1,245	1,360	3.0	2.9	3.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	425	190	240	0.5	0.4	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	275	130	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	79,855	39,440	40,420	91.4	91.6	91.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	87,330	43,055	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	86,765	42,745	44,025	99.4	99.3	99.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,145	6,920	6,225	15.1	16.1	14.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,620	35,830	37,795	84.3	83.2	85.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	560	310	250	0.6	0.7	0.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	87,330	43,055	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	86,120	42,455	43,665	98.6	98.6	98.6
Immigrants⁸¹	995	485	520	1.1	1.1	1.2
Before 1980	340	135	205	0.4	0.3	0.5
1980 to 1990	90	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	175	90	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	345	190	150	0.4	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2015	115	75	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
2016 to 2021	225	115	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	215	125	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	995	485	515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	130	45	90	13.1	9.3	17.5
5 to 14 years	115	50	65	11.6	10.3	12.6
15 to 24 years	255	110	145	25.6	22.7	28.2
25 to 44 years	385	205	180	38.7	42.3	35.0
45 years and over	110	70	35	11.1	14.4	6.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	995	485	515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	205	90	120	20.6	18.6	23.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	15	25	3.5	3.1	4.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	115	55	65	11.6	11.3	12.6
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	20	3.0	2.1	3.9
Europe	385	205	180	38.7	42.3	35.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	20	0	2.0	4.1	0.0
Greece	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	1.9
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	240	135	105	24.1	27.8	20.4
Other places of birth in Europe	50	35	15	5.0	7.2	2.9
Africa	75	50	25	7.5	10.3	4.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	20	0	2.5	4.1	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	1.5	2.1	1.9
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0	2.0	3.1	0.0
Asia	305	130	180	30.7	26.8	35.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	35	20	15	3.5	4.1	2.9
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	20	25	4.5	4.1	4.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	80	20	60	8.0	4.1	11.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	20	15	4.0	4.1	2.9
Pakistan	25	10	10	2.5	2.1	1.9
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	15	35	5.0	3.1	6.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	10	20	2.5	2.1	3.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	225	110	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	45	20	20	20.0	18.2	18.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	30	10	15	13.3	9.1	13.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	0	6.7	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	35	15	22.2	31.8	13.6
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	6.7	13.6	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	6.7	9.1	9.1
Africa	35	20	15	15.6	18.2	13.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	35	60	42.2	31.8	54.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	10	8.9	9.1	9.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	0	0	4.4	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	15	35	22.2	13.6	31.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	4.4	9.1	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	87,330	43,055	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,355	685	675	1.6	1.6	1.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,915	945	975	2.2	2.2	2.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	84,060	41,430	42,625	96.3	96.2	96.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	660	350	310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	335	185	155	50.8	52.9	50.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	155	105	50	23.5	30.0	16.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	180	80	100	27.3	22.9	32.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	270	145	135	40.9	41.4	43.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	25	30	8.3	7.1	9.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	660	350	310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	3.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	175	100	80	26.5	28.6	25.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	20	0	3.8	5.7	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	30	15	6.8	8.6	4.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	400	195	205	60.6	55.7	66.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	87,325	43,060	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	975	475	505	1.1	1.1	1.1
South Asian	300	155	150	0.3	0.4	0.3
Chinese	105	40	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	220	130	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
Filipino	125	30	90	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin American	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	86,355	42,585	43,770	98.9	98.9	98.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	87,330	43,055	44,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	26,250	12,760	13,490	30.1	29.6	30.5
English	31,370	15,305	16,060	35.9	35.5	36.3
Irish	12,740	6,255	6,485	14.6	14.5	14.6
Scottish	4,420	2,065	2,355	5.1	4.8	5.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,145	905	1,235	2.5	2.1	2.8
German	955	515	440	1.1	1.2	1.0
Chinese	180	80	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	215	100	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indian (India)	225	120	105	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ukrainian	170	80	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	220	120	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
Polish	140	35	100	0.2	0.1	0.2
Québécois	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	3,645	1,900	1,745	4.2	4.4	3.9
Filipino	110	30	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	65	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	5,595	2,755	2,840	6.4	6.4	6.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,550	750	805	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis	965	490	480	1.1	1.1	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,640	785	850	1.9	1.8	1.9
Russian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	210	95	115	0.2	0.2	0.3
Welsh	670	345	320	0.8	0.8	0.7
Portuguese	95	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	285	145	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	90	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	165	60	105	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Acadian	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistani	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	385	175	210	0.4	0.4	0.5
Danish	75	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	420	190	230	0.5	0.4	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	35	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belgian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	2,940	1,500	1,445	3.4	3.5	3.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	175	105	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	6,840	3,485	3,355	7.8	8.1	7.6
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	55	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	575	255	320	0.7	0.6	0.7
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	75	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	105	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	45	20	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	140	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	795	345	445	0.9	0.8	1.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	87,330	43,060	44,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	75,370	36,615	38,760	86.3	85.0	87.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,575	1,760	1,815	4.1	4.1	4.1
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	16,385	7,980	8,405	18.8	18.5	19.0
Baptist	130	65	65	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catholic	14,765	6,820	7,940	16.9	15.8	17.9
Christian Orthodox	60	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	320	145	175	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	13,275	6,685	6,590	15.2	15.5	14.9
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	13,700	6,665	7,035	15.7	15.5	15.9
Presbyterian	125	50	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	12,420	6,135	6,285	14.2	14.2	14.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	585	265	325	0.7	0.6	0.7
Hindu	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	140	65	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	105	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	11,545	6,230	5,320	13.2	14.5	12.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	86,730	42,715	44,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	80,155	39,515	40,640	92.4	92.5	92.3
Movers	6,575	3,205	3,370	7.6	7.5	7.7
Non-migrants	3,185	1,555	1,630	3.7	3.6	3.7
Migrants	3,390	1,645	1,740	3.9	3.9	4.0
Internal migrants	3,345	1,635	1,710	3.9	3.8	3.9
Intraprovincial migrants	2,090	995	1,095	2.4	2.3	2.5
Interprovincial migrants	1,255	635	615	1.4	1.5	1.4
External migrants	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	84,445	41,560	42,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	62,665	31,220	31,440	74.2	75.1	73.3
Movers	21,780	10,335	11,440	25.8	24.9	26.7
Non-migrants	7,705	3,560	4,140	9.1	8.6	9.7
Migrants	14,070	6,775	7,300	16.7	16.3	17.0
Internal migrants	13,675	6,560	7,115	16.2	15.8	16.6
Intraprovincial migrants	9,590	4,585	5,000	11.4	11.0	11.7
Interprovincial migrants	4,085	1,970	2,115	4.8	4.7	4.9
External migrants	400	215	185	0.5	0.5	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	76,795	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	23,840	12,700	11,140	31.0	33.7	28.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	52,955	24,940	28,015	69.0	66.3	71.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	44,860	21,750	23,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,995	5,725	4,265	22.3	26.3	18.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	34,865	16,025	18,845	77.7	73.7	81.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	76,795	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,110	11,265	10,850	28.8	29.9	27.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	22,560	10,010	12,555	29.4	26.6	32.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,120	16,365	15,755	41.8	43.5	40.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25,340	13,615	11,730	33.0	36.2	30.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,890	5,870	2,020	10.3	15.6	5.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,290	2,695	1,595	5.6	7.2	4.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,600	3,170	425	4.7	8.4	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	16,485	7,335	9,150	21.5	19.5	23.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	965	415	550	1.3	1.1	1.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,775	2,750	4,025	8.8	7.3	10.3
Bachelor's degree	4,560	1,795	2,765	5.9	4.8	7.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	315	125	190	0.4	0.3	0.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	245	165	80	0.3	0.4	0.2
Master's degree	1,600	630	970	2.1	1.7	2.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	44,860	21,750	23,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,925	4,845	4,085	19.9	22.3	17.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	12,875	5,750	7,130	28.7	26.4	30.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,060	11,160	11,895	51.4	51.3	51.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,170	9,430	8,745	40.5	43.4	37.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,405	4,010	1,390	12.0	18.4	6.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,985	1,900	1,080	6.7	8.7	4.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,425	2,115	305	5.4	9.7	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	12,200	5,150	7,045	27.2	23.7	30.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	575	265	305	1.3	1.2	1.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,890	1,730	3,155	10.9	8.0	13.6
Bachelor's degree	3,165	1,105	2,055	7.1	5.1	8.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220	75	145	0.5	0.3	0.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	200	120	75	0.4	0.6	0.3
Master's degree	1,270	415	860	2.8	1.9	3.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	76,795	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	44,675	21,275	23,400	58.2	56.5	59.8
Education	2,965	1,030	1,935	3.9	2.7	4.9
13. Education	2,965	1,030	1,935	3.9	2.7	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	370	155	215	0.5	0.4	0.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	60	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	290	90	195	0.4	0.2	0.5
Humanities	785	400	390	1.0	1.1	1.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	60	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	105	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	275	175	105	0.4	0.5	0.3
54. History	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,425	330	1,100	1.9	0.9	2.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	570	25	545	0.7	0.1	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	170	35	130	0.2	0.1	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	255	70	190	0.3	0.2	0.5
45. Social sciences	360	165	190	0.5	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	6,210	1,205	5,000	8.1	3.2	12.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	360	65	295	0.5	0.2	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,850	1,140	4,710	7.6	3.0	12.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	520	295	230	0.7	0.8	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	95	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	60	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	140	105	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	725	375	350	0.9	1.0	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	590	305	285	0.8	0.8	0.7
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	70	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	8,625	8,230	395	11.2	21.9	1.0
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	245	220	25	0.3	0.6	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,800	1,615	180	2.3	4.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,840	2,770	75	3.7	7.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,660	2,570	90	3.5	6.8	0.2
48. Precision production	1,080	1,055	25	1.4	2.8	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	660	470	190	0.9	1.2	0.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	210	80	130	0.3	0.2	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	450	395	60	0.6	1.0	0.2
Health and related fields	5,370	845	4,525	7.0	2.2	11.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	165	90	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,070	665	4,405	6.6	1.8	11.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	115	85	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,445	3,025	1,420	5.8	8.0	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,715	415	1,295	2.2	1.1	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	165	130	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,515	2,440	75	3.3	6.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	44,860	21,750	23,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	21,805	10,585	11,210	48.6	48.7	48.5
Education	1,740	465	1,275	3.9	2.1	5.5
13. Education	1,740	465	1,275	3.9	2.1	5.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	250	75	175	0.6	0.3	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	225	60	160	0.5	0.3	0.7
Humanities	480	220	260	1.1	1.0	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	90	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	35	60	0.2	0.2	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	105	70	0.4	0.5	0.3
54. History	25	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,100	200	900	2.5	0.9	3.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	465	20	445	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	135	15	110	0.3	0.1	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	185	35	145	0.4	0.2	0.6
45. Social sciences	260	105	150	0.6	0.5	0.6
Business, management and public administration	4,605	825	3,780	10.3	3.8	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	295	45	245	0.7	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,310	780	3,535	9.6	3.6	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	355	200	150	0.8	0.9	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	75	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	620	310	305	1.4	1.4	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	550	285	265	1.2	1.3	1.1
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,765	5,435	330	12.9	25.0	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	170	150	25	0.4	0.7	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,260	1,085	165	2.8	5.0	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,965	1,915	50	4.4	8.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,655	1,580	75	3.7	7.3	0.3
48. Precision production	710	690	20	1.6	3.2	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	525	365	160	1.2	1.7	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	65	110	0.4	0.3	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	350	295	50	0.8	1.4	0.2
Health and related fields	4,010	615	3,390	8.9	2.8	14.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	75	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,775	480	3,295	8.4	2.2	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	55	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,605	2,445	1,165	8.0	11.2	5.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,380	310	1,065	3.1	1.4	4.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	130	105	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,060	2,000	60	4.6	9.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	44,860	21,750	23,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,805	10,585	11,210	48.6	48.7	48.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	23,055	11,165	11,900	51.4	51.3	51.5
Location of study inside Canada	22,645	10,945	11,695	50.5	50.3	50.6
Same as province or territory of residence	19,210	9,340	9,870	42.8	42.9	42.7
Different than province or territory of residence	3,435	1,605	1,830	7.7	7.4	7.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	415	215	200	0.9	1.0	0.9
Americas	125	65	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
United States of America	100	55	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	65	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	170	75	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	76,795	37,640	39,155	...	...	...
In the labour force	37,535	19,155	18,380	...	...	...
Employed	29,685	14,500	15,180	...	...	...
Unemployed	7,845	4,645	3,195	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	39,260	18,490	20,775	...	...	...
Participation rate	48.9	50.9	46.9	48.9	50.9	46.9
Employment rate	38.7	38.5	38.8	38.7	38.5	38.8
Unemployment rate	20.9	24.2	17.4	20.9	24.2	17.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	76,795	37,640	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	37,100	17,165	19,935	48.3	45.6	50.9
Worked	39,695	20,475	19,225	51.7	54.4	49.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	14,850	7,265	7,585	19.3	19.3	19.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	24,840	13,205	11,635	32.3	35.1	29.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	33.6	32.2	35.1	33.6	32.2	35.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	37,530	19,155	18,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,240	605	635	3.3	3.2	3.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	36,290	18,545	17,740	96.7	96.8	96.5
Employee	33,755	16,945	16,810	89.9	88.5	91.5
Permanent position	21,735	10,110	11,625	57.9	52.8	63.3
Temporary position	12,015	6,835	5,185	32.0	35.7	28.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,515	740	780	4.0	3.9	4.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	10,500	6,095	4,405	28.0	31.8	24.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,535	1,605	935	6.8	8.4	5.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	37,530	19,155	18,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,240	605	635	3.3	3.2	3.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	36,290	18,545	17,740	96.7	96.8	96.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	245	120	125	0.7	0.6	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,410	805	2,605	9.1	4.2	14.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,215	1,035	180	3.2	5.4	1.0
3 Health occupations	3,555	540	3,015	9.5	2.8	16.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,285	1,265	4,015	14.1	6.6	21.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	360	140	225	1.0	0.7	1.2
6 Sales and service occupations	8,570	3,085	5,485	22.8	16.1	29.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,555	7,930	630	22.8	41.4	3.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,985	2,390	600	8.0	12.5	3.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,105	1,240	865	5.6	6.5	4.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	37,530	19,155	18,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,240	605	635	3.3	3.2	3.5
All industries¹⁹¹	36,290	18,545	17,740	96.7	96.8	96.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,665	1,985	685	7.1	10.4	3.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,590	1,490	100	4.2	7.8	0.5
22 Utilities	380	350	25	1.0	1.8	0.1
23 Construction	3,205	2,930	275	8.5	15.3	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	2,340	1,355	990	6.2	7.1	5.4
41 Wholesale trade	520	395	125	1.4	2.1	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	4,905	2,025	2,875	13.1	10.6	15.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,100	1,610	495	5.6	8.4	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	210	110	100	0.6	0.6	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	460	150	310	1.2	0.8	1.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	215	135	75	0.6	0.7	0.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	780	410	365	2.1	2.1	2.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	865	550	315	2.3	2.9	1.7
61 Educational services	2,130	600	1,530	5.7	3.1	8.3
62 Health care and social assistance	7,075	1,065	6,010	18.9	5.6	32.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	435	230	200	1.2	1.2	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	2,140	705	1,430	5.7	3.7	7.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,500	790	710	4.0	4.1	3.9
91 Public administration	2,750	1,650	1,105	7.3	8.6	6.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	42,825	22,065	20,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	42,535	21,965	20,570	99.3	99.5	99.1
French	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	190	45	145	0.4	0.2	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	60	35	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	42,825	22,065	20,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	42,805	22,060	20,750	100.0	100.0	99.9
Official languages	42,785	22,040	20,745	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	42,725	22,025	20,695	99.8	99.8	99.7
French	55	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official languages	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	42,825	22,065	20,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	42,600	21,985	20,610	99.5	99.6	99.3
English	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French	145	40	105	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-official language	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	29,685	14,505	15,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,065	855	1,210	7.0	5.9	8.0
Worked outside Canada	50	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	5,925	4,390	1,540	20.0	30.3	10.1
Usual place of work	21,645	9,220	12,425	72.9	63.6	81.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	21,645	9,220	12,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,055	5,505	8,550	64.9	59.7	68.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,455	1,850	2,600	20.6	20.1	20.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,510	1,340	1,170	11.6	14.5	9.4
Commute to a different province or territory	630	525	110	2.9	5.7	0.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	27,575	13,610	13,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	24,640	11,895	12,745	89.4	87.4	91.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	22,295	10,810	11,485	80.9	79.4	82.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,345	1,080	1,265	8.5	7.9	9.1
Public transit	265	215	50	1.0	1.6	0.4
Walked	1,400	500	900	5.1	3.7	6.4
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other method	1,245	980	260	4.5	7.2	1.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	27,575	13,610	13,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	17,185	7,570	9,615	62.3	55.6	68.9
15 to 29 minutes	4,815	2,445	2,370	17.5	18.0	17.0
30 to 44 minutes	2,480	1,420	1,060	9.0	10.4	7.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,030	555	470	3.7	4.1	3.4
60 minutes and over	2,065	1,620	450	7.5	11.9	3.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	27,575	13,610	13,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,595	1,265	325	5.8	9.3	2.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,485	2,485	1,005	12.6	18.3	7.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,615	4,060	3,555	27.6	29.8	25.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,485	2,815	4,670	27.1	20.7	33.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,375	925	2,450	12.2	6.8	17.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,020	2,055	1,965	14.6	15.1	14.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	13,430	6,965	6,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	320	180	140	2.4	2.6	2.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	13,110	6,785	6,330	97.6	97.4	97.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	10,350	5,385	4,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	260	145	110	2.5	2.7	2.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	75	50	1.3	1.4	1.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	65	65	1.3	1.2	1.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,090	5,235	4,850	97.5	97.2	97.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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