Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Central NewfoundlandMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	74,120	36,330	37,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8,950	4,590	4,360	12.1	12.6	11.5
0 to 4 years	2,420	1,245	1,175	3.3	3.4	3.1
5 to 9 years	2,910	1,475	1,435	3.9	4.1	3.8
10 to 14 years	3,620	1,870	1,750	4.9	5.1	4.6
15 to 64 years	44,340	21,820	22,525	59.8	60.1	59.6
15 to 19 years	3,565	1,895	1,665	4.8	5.2	4.4
20 to 24 years	3,055	1,575	1,480	4.1	4.3	3.9
25 to 29 years	2,770	1,400	1,370	3.7	3.9	3.6
30 to 34 years	3,020	1,455	1,565	4.1	4.0	4.1
35 to 39 years	3,460	1,635	1,825	4.7	4.5	4.8
40 to 44 years	3,950	1,850	2,095	5.3	5.1	5.5
45 to 49 years	4,980	2,375	2,605	6.7	6.5	6.9
50 to 54 years	6,020	2,985	3,045	8.1	8.2	8.1
55 to 59 years	6,465	3,195	3,270	8.7	8.8	8.7
60 to 64 years	7,055	3,455	3,600	9.5	9.5	9.5
65 years and over	20,830	9,920	10,910	28.1	27.3	28.9
65 to 69 years	6,780	3,330	3,445	9.1	9.2	9.1
70 to 74 years	5,860	2,840	3,025	7.9	7.8	8.0
75 to 79 years	3,870	1,870	2,000	5.2	5.1	5.3
80 to 84 years	2,480	1,125	1,355	3.3	3.1	3.6
85 years and over	1,845	755	1,085	2.5	2.1	2.9
85 to 89 years	1,270	550	710	1.7	1.5	1.9
90 to 94 years	485	180	305	0.7	0.5	0.8
95 to 99 years	85	20	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.1	12.6	11.5	12.1	12.6	11.5
15 to 64 years	59.8	60.1	59.6	59.8	60.1	59.6
65 years and over	28.1	27.3	28.9	28.1	27.3	28.9
85 years and over	2.5	2.1	2.9	2.5	2.1	2.9
Average age of the population	48.5	47.8	49.1	48.5	47.8	49.1
Median age of the population	52.8	52.4	53.2	52.8	52.4	53.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	33,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	27,020	...	...	81.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,290	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	1,530	...	...	4.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,520	...	...	4.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,475	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	215	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	33,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	8,665	...	...	26.2	...	...
2 persons	15,110	...	...	45.6	...	...
3 persons	4,940	...	...	14.9	...	...
4 persons	3,215	...	...	9.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,185	...	...	3.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	72,855	35,875	36,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	65,175	31,740	33,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	42,315	21,145	21,170	64.9	66.6	63.3
Married	35,565	17,775	17,790	54.6	56.0	53.2
Living common-law	6,750	3,370	3,380	10.4	10.6	10.1
Living common law - Never married	4,810	2,425	2,390	7.4	7.6	7.1
Living common law - Separated	250	125	125	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	1,435	710	730	2.2	2.2	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	250	115	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	22,860	10,590	12,265	35.1	33.4	36.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	13,225	7,305	5,920	20.3	23.0	17.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,270	595	680	1.9	1.9	2.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,195	1,550	1,640	4.9	4.9	4.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,165	1,140	4,025	7.9	3.6	12.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	24,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	15,480	...	...	64.4	...	...
3 persons	4,705	...	...	19.6	...	...
4 persons	2,980	...	...	12.4	...	...
5 or more persons	860	...	...	3.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	24,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	20,860	...	...	86.8	...	...
Married couples	17,490	...	...	72.8	...	...
With children⁶	5,940	...	...	24.7	...	...
Without children	11,550	...	...	48.1	...	...
Common-law couples	3,375	...	...	14.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,480	...	...	6.2	...	...
Without children	1,895	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,160	...	...	13.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,420	...	...	10.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	740	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	72,855	35,875	36,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	61,480	30,740	30,740	84.4	85.7	83.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	41,720	20,860	20,865	57.3	58.1	56.4
Parents in one-parent families	3,160	740	2,425	4.3	2.1	6.6
Children⁶	16,600	9,140	7,455	22.8	25.5	20.2
In a two-parent family	11,975	6,545	5,430	16.4	18.2	14.7
In a one-parent family	4,625	2,595	2,030	6.3	7.2	5.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,370	5,135	6,235	15.6	14.3	16.9
Living alone	8,665	3,835	4,830	11.9	10.7	13.1
Living with other relatives⁷	1,270	545	725	1.7	1.5	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	1,435	755	680	2.0	2.1	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	33,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	22,415	...	...	67.7	...	...
Couple-family households	19,800	...	...	59.8	...	...
With children⁶	7,035	...	...	21.2	...	...
Without children	12,770	...	...	38.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,615	...	...	7.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	500	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	85	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	670	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	775	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	8,665	...	...	26.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	63,910	31,290	32,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	61,980	30,410	31,580	97.0	97.2	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,800	27,800	32,400	38,800	27,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	62,015	30,420	31,595	97.0	97.2	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	34,800	26,000	29,600	34,800	26,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,990	24,675	23,320	75.1	78.9	71.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,400	30,200	19,000	24,400	30,200	19,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,085	19,865	18,220	59.6	63.5	55.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,000	30,400	20,200	25,000	30,400	20,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	53,930	25,550	28,380	84.4	81.7	87.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,100	16,600	13,900	15,100	16,600	13,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,355	9,580	7,770	27.2	30.6	23.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	12,400	7,950	10,200	12,400	7,950
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,405	7,505	7,900	24.1	24.0	24.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,500	8,000	7,500	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	63,915	31,290	32,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	62,040	30,475	31,560	97.1	97.4	96.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,520	48,800	34,520	41,520	48,800	34,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	62,075	30,495	31,580	97.1	97.5	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,320	40,440	30,320	35,320	40,440	30,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,925	24,510	23,415	75.0	78.3	71.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,880	44,160	29,240	36,880	44,160	29,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,205	19,800	18,410	59.8	63.3	56.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,680	44,640	30,200	37,680	44,640	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	54,100	25,610	28,485	84.6	81.8	87.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,960	15,820	14,200	14,960	15,820	14,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,660	9,755	7,905	27.6	31.2	24.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,260	12,360	9,890	11,260	12,360	9,890
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,455	7,430	8,020	24.2	23.7	24.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,150	7,960	8,330	8,150	7,960	8,330
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	63,915	31,290	32,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,005	6,430	6,580	20.3	20.5	20.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	65,000	47,600	56,000	65,000	47,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,900	77,400	54,700	65,900	77,400	54,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	19,610	10,400	9,215	30.7	33.2	28.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,400	20,600	13,600	16,400	20,600	13,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,840	32,520	18,300	25,840	32,520	18,300
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.6	72.8	62.9	68.6	72.8	62.9
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.9	59.4	51.0	55.9	59.4	51.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.4	27.3	37.1	31.4	27.3	37.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	7.7	8.1	7.2	7.7	8.1	7.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	4.7	7.5	5.9	4.7	7.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.0	6.1	4.9	4.0	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	63,905	31,290	32,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,920	880	1,040	3.0	2.8	3.2
With total income	61,980	30,410	31,580	97.0	97.2	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,465	1,960	3,505	8.8	6.5	11.1
$10,000 to $19,999	10,370	3,915	6,460	16.7	12.9	20.5
$20,000 to $29,999	12,625	5,485	7,145	20.4	18.0	22.6
$30,000 to $39,999	9,670	4,420	5,250	15.6	14.5	16.6
$40,000 to $49,999	7,265	3,865	3,400	11.7	12.7	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	4,815	2,830	1,980	7.8	9.3	6.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,185	2,090	1,095	5.1	6.9	3.5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,180	1,450	730	3.5	4.8	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,515	1,010	505	2.4	3.3	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,425	820	600	2.3	2.7	1.9
$100,000 and over	3,455	2,560	900	5.6	8.4	2.8
$100,000 to $149,999	2,455	1,745	710	4.0	5.7	2.3
$150,000 and over	1,000	810	190	1.6	2.7	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	63,905	31,290	32,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,895	865	1,025	3.0	2.8	3.1
With after-tax income	62,015	30,420	31,595	97.0	97.2	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,730	2,025	3,705	9.2	6.7	11.7
$10,000 to $19,999	10,790	4,075	6,715	17.4	13.4	21.2
$20,000 to $29,999	14,940	6,510	8,430	24.1	21.4	26.7
$30,000 to $39,999	10,820	5,405	5,420	17.5	17.8	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	7,490	4,340	3,150	12.1	14.3	10.0
$50,000 to $59,999	4,485	2,860	1,625	7.2	9.4	5.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,525	1,650	880	4.1	5.4	2.8
$70,000 to $79,999	2,000	1,200	805	3.2	3.9	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,150	755	395	1.9	2.5	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	680	500	185	1.1	1.6	0.6
$100,000 and over	1,400	1,110	290	2.2	3.6	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	720	575	155	1.2	1.9	0.5
$125,000 and over	675	535	135	1.1	1.8	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	63,905	31,290	32,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	25,820	11,425	14,405	40.4	36.5	44.1
With employment income	38,085	19,865	18,220	59.6	63.5	55.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,575	3,095	3,480	17.3	15.6	19.1
$5,000 to $9,999	3,720	1,560	2,165	9.8	7.9	11.9
$10,000 to $19,999	6,315	2,930	3,385	16.6	14.7	18.6
$20,000 to $29,999	4,810	2,265	2,545	12.6	11.4	14.0
$30,000 to $39,999	3,450	1,745	1,705	9.0	8.8	9.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,880	1,520	1,355	7.5	7.6	7.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,270	1,395	875	6.0	7.0	4.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,770	1,130	635	4.6	5.7	3.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,425	940	485	3.7	4.7	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,060	655	395	2.8	3.3	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	1,140	605	530	3.0	3.0	2.9
$100,000 and over	2,685	2,020	670	7.1	10.2	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	1,380	940	440	3.6	4.7	2.4
$125,000 and over	1,305	1,080	220	3.4	5.4	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	63,910	31,290	32,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	61,070	29,925	31,145	95.6	95.6	95.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,400	38,800	24,800	30,400	38,800	24,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	61,125	29,925	31,200	95.6	95.6	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	34,800	23,400	28,000	34,800	23,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	48,095	24,690	23,405	75.3	78.9	71.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,200	33,200	20,600	26,200	33,200	20,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,030	20,285	18,745	61.1	64.8	57.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,000	35,200	21,400	27,000	35,200	21,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	50,275	23,485	26,790	78.7	75.1	82.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,900	14,800	11,400	12,900	14,800	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	16,975	9,375	7,600	26.6	30.0	23.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	12,700	8,700	10,500	12,700	8,700
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	63,915	31,290	32,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60,950	29,885	31,065	95.4	95.5	95.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,360	50,040	32,960	41,360	50,040	32,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60,980	29,885	31,090	95.4	95.5	95.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,720	40,840	28,800	34,720	40,840	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	47,965	24,590	23,370	75.0	78.6	71.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,280	47,680	30,480	39,280	47,680	30,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,985	20,180	18,805	61.0	64.5	57.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,520	49,200	31,200	40,520	49,200	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50,135	23,380	26,760	78.4	74.7	82.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,670	13,840	11,640	12,670	13,840	11,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,090	9,325	7,770	26.7	29.8	23.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,300	12,580	9,760	11,300	12,580	9,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	63,915	31,290	32,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,935	6,435	6,500	20.2	20.6	19.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	62,400	44,000	53,200	62,400	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,700	75,800	53,600	64,700	75,800	53,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	18,435	9,845	8,590	28.8	31.5	26.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	27,400	16,000	20,600	27,400	16,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,600	41,960	21,900	32,600	41,960	21,900
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	74.8	78.4	69.6	74.8	78.4	69.6
Employment income (%)	62.7	66.4	57.3	62.7	66.4	57.3
Government transfers (%)	25.2	21.6	30.5	25.2	21.6	30.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	7.7	7.8	7.4	7.7	7.8	7.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	33,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	8,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,800	...	...	28,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,600	...	...	27,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	24,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	33,090	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,900	...	...	77,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,720	...	...	39,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,240	...	...	34,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	24,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,200	...	...	91,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	33,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	675	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	660	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,350	...	...	7.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,450	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,105	...	...	6.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,280	...	...	6.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,630	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,450	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,820	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,575	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,435	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,050	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,815	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,395	...	...	25.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,185	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,980	...	...	6.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,960	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,280	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	33,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	290	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	685	...	...	2.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	690	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,495	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,710	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,230	...	...	6.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,485	...	...	7.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,845	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,705	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,445	...	...	10.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,140	...	...	9.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,680	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,135	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,660	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,760	...	...	17.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,780	...	...	8.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,445	...	...	4.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,540	...	...	4.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	23,925	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	12,830	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	52,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	49,200	...	...	49,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10,100	4,595	5,510	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,000	32,400	27,200	29,000	32,400	27,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,600	29,600	26,200	27,600	29,600	26,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	23,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,100	...	...	91,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,300	...	...	77,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	12,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,605	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,100	...	...	104,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,925	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,400	...	...	61,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,950	...	...	54,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	10,055	4,525	5,535	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,080	43,200	35,680	39,080	43,200	35,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,760	36,280	31,720	33,760	36,280	31,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	72,855	35,875	36,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,110	5,765	5,340	15.2	16.1	14.4
0 to 5 years	3,020	1,540	1,475	4.1	4.3	4.0
18 to 64 years	42,055	20,550	21,510	57.7	57.3	58.2
65 years and over	19,690	9,565	10,125	27.0	26.7	27.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,815	6,270	7,535	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	2,030	1,035	995	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	670	335	325	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,570	2,525	3,045	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,210	2,710	3,500	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	17.5	20.4	19.0	17.5	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	18.3	18.0	18.6	18.3	18.0	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.1	22.0	22.2	22.1	22.0	22.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.3	14.1	13.2	12.3	14.1
65 years and over (%)	31.6	28.4	34.6	31.6	28.4	34.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	71,900	35,370	36,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,905	5,650	5,260	15.2	16.0	14.4
0 to 5 years	2,950	1,505	1,445	4.1	4.3	4.0
18 to 64 years	41,395	20,210	21,190	57.6	57.1	58.0
65 years and over	19,600	9,510	10,090	27.3	26.9	27.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,210	1,105	1,100	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	295	155	145	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	85	45	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,740	895	845	...	...	...
65 years and over	175	55	115	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.1	3.0	3.1	3.1	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.4	4.0	4.2	4.4	4.0
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.6	1.1	0.9	0.6	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	72,855	35,880	36,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	48,490	23,355	25,140	66.6	65.1	68.0
In bottom decile	10,055	4,525	5,520	13.8	12.6	14.9
In second decile	12,430	5,845	6,580	17.1	16.3	17.8
In third decile	9,525	4,650	4,875	13.1	13.0	13.2
In fourth decile	8,760	4,390	4,365	12.0	12.2	11.8
In fifth decile	7,730	3,935	3,795	10.6	11.0	10.3
In top half of the distribution	24,360	12,525	11,835	33.4	34.9	32.0
In sixth decile	6,685	3,455	3,230	9.2	9.6	8.7
In seventh decile	5,835	2,965	2,870	8.0	8.3	7.8
In eighth decile	5,085	2,620	2,465	7.0	7.3	6.7
In ninth decile	3,945	2,015	1,930	5.4	5.6	5.2
In top decile	2,810	1,470	1,340	3.9	4.1	3.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	72,850	...	...	72,850	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.320	...	...	0.320	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.521	...	...	0.521	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275	...	...	0.275	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	73,445	36,080	37,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	71,390	35,200	36,185	97.2	97.6	96.8
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,005	845	1,155	2.7	2.3	3.1
Neither English nor French	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	73,445	36,080	37,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	73,250	35,975	37,270	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	150	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	73,445	36,080	37,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	73,245	35,985	37,260	99.7	99.7	99.7
Official languages	72,665	35,695	36,970	98.9	98.9	98.9
English	72,510	35,620	36,885	98.7	98.7	98.7
French	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	575	285	295	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	570	280	290	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	55	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	55	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	100	55	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	30	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	240	125	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	200	95	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	73,445	36,080	37,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	72,575	35,635	36,940	98.8	98.8	98.8
French	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	140	80	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	80	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	170	85	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	475	235	240	0.6	0.7	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	73,445	36,080	37,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	73,320	36,020	37,300	99.8	99.8	99.8
Official languages	73,030	35,855	37,175	99.4	99.4	99.5
English	72,970	35,820	37,145	99.4	99.3	99.4
French	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	290	160	125	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	160	125	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	110	65	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	125	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	73,445	36,080	37,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	72,880	35,795	37,080	99.2	99.2	99.2
English	125	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
French	135	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	235	110	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	220	105	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	72,840	35,835	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	72,825	35,830	36,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	72,805	35,820	36,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
French	1,980	805	1,170	2.7	2.2	3.2
Non-official languages	995	470	520	1.4	1.3	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	950	460	495	1.3	1.3	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	15	50	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	505	245	265	0.7	0.7	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	215	120	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	190	105	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	70	65	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	130	75	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	50	100	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	25	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	85	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	5,125	2,490	2,630	7.0	6.9	7.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,820	2,380	2,445	6.6	6.6	6.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,685	1,810	1,880	5.1	5.1	5.1
Métis	825	425	400	1.1	1.2	1.1
Inuk (Inuit)	315	145	165	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	280	110	175	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-Indigenous identity	67,715	33,350	34,365	93.0	93.1	92.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,205	1,555	1,650	4.4	4.3	4.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	69,635	34,285	35,345	95.6	95.7	95.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	25,655	...	...	77.5	...	...
Renter	7,275	...	...	22.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	165	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	445	...	...	1.3	...	...
Not condominium	32,650	...	...	98.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,380	...	...	4.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,670	...	...	26.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,450	...	...	46.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,545	...	...	22.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,285	...	...	16.0	...	...
5 rooms	5,580	...	...	16.9	...	...
6 rooms	5,920	...	...	17.9	...	...
7 rooms	5,260	...	...	15.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,050	...	...	33.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	32,930	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	165	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	32,660	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	435	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	7,100	...	...	21.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,695	...	...	35.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,835	...	...	14.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,540	...	...	10.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,330	...	...	4.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,640	...	...	5.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,830	...	...	5.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,115	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	31,055	...	...	93.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,035	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	17,820	...	...	53.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	14,665	...	...	44.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	600	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	610	...	...	1.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,775	...	...	8.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,965	...	...	12.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,880	...	...	17.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,525	...	...	22.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,440	...	...	22.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,925	...	...	11.9	...	...
85 years and over	970	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	32,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,495	...	...	87.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,195	...	...	12.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,960	...	...	12.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	33,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,230	...	...	18.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,805	...	...	11.5	...	...
Not suitable only	360	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,630	...	...	4.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	360	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	26,860	...	...	81.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	32,460	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,500	...	...	7.7	...	...
Not in core need	29,965	...	...	92.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,475	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	40.1	...	...	40.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	552	...	...	552	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	794	...	...	794	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	151,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	180,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,255	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.6	...	...	19.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.1	...	...	33.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	825	...	...	825	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	165	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	388	...	...	388	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	432	...	...	432	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	3,755	1,875	1,880	5.2	5.2	5.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	3,685	1,835	1,850	5.1	5.1	5.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,020	1,505	1,520	4.1	4.2	4.1
Métis single ancestry	410	215	195	0.6	0.6	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	250	115	135	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	65	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	35	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,000	1,415	1,585	4.1	3.9	4.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,945	1,380	1,565	4.0	3.9	4.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,365	1,135	1,235	3.2	3.2	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	335	135	200	0.5	0.4	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	240	105	135	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	66,090	32,555	33,535	90.7	90.8	90.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	72,335	35,555	36,780	99.3	99.2	99.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,095	5,785	5,310	15.2	16.1	14.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	61,245	29,770	31,470	84.1	83.1	85.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	500	285	215	0.7	0.8	0.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	71,790	35,295	36,495	98.6	98.5	98.6
Immigrants⁸¹	865	435	435	1.2	1.2	1.2
Before 1980	285	115	165	0.4	0.3	0.4
1980 to 1990	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	145	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	320	180	145	0.4	0.5	0.4
2011 to 2015	115	75	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
2016 to 2021	205	105	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	180	110	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	870	435	435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	120	40	85	13.8	9.2	19.5
5 to 14 years	115	55	60	13.2	12.6	13.8
15 to 24 years	220	100	115	25.3	23.0	26.4
25 to 44 years	335	195	140	38.5	44.8	32.2
45 years and over	85	45	35	9.8	10.3	8.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	870	435	435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	160	80	85	18.4	18.4	19.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	10	10	2.9	2.3	2.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	100	50	50	11.5	11.5	11.5
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	2.3	2.3	2.3
Europe	320	170	145	36.8	39.1	33.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	15	0	2.3	3.4	0.0
Greece	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.3
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	205	115	85	23.6	26.4	19.5
Other places of birth in Europe	35	25	10	4.0	5.7	2.3
Africa	65	45	20	7.5	10.3	4.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	20	0	2.9	4.6	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	0	2.9	3.4	0.0
Asia	300	130	170	34.5	29.9	39.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	35	20	15	4.0	4.6	3.4
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	25	5.2	3.4	5.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	70	20	55	8.0	4.6	12.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	20	15	4.6	4.6	3.4
Pakistan	25	15	10	2.9	3.4	2.3
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	35	5.7	4.6	8.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	10	20	3.4	2.3	4.6
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	205	100	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	15	15	14.6	15.0	15.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	10	15	9.8	10.0	15.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	30	15	22.0	30.0	15.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	4.9	10.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	7.3	10.0	10.0
Africa	30	20	10	14.6	20.0	10.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	35	60	46.3	35.0	60.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	12.2	10.0	15.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	0	0	4.9	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	10	35	24.4	10.0	35.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	4.9	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,165	610	555	1.6	1.7	1.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,590	810	780	2.2	2.3	2.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	70,085	34,415	35,665	96.2	96.0	96.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	585	315	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	305	175	130	52.1	55.6	48.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	135	100	35	23.1	31.7	13.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	170	75	95	29.1	23.8	35.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	235	120	115	40.2	38.1	42.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	20	25	7.7	6.3	9.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	585	315	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	155	85	70	26.5	27.0	25.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	25	0	4.3	7.9	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	35	10	6.8	11.1	3.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	350	175	175	59.8	55.6	64.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	880	430	450	1.2	1.2	1.2
South Asian	295	150	145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese	100	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	175	110	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Filipino	115	30	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arab	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	71,960	35,405	36,555	98.8	98.8	98.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	21,945	10,590	11,355	30.1	29.5	30.7
English	25,710	12,525	13,180	35.3	34.9	35.6
Irish	10,995	5,350	5,645	15.1	14.9	15.3
Scottish	3,830	1,790	2,035	5.3	5.0	5.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,950	825	1,125	2.7	2.3	3.0
German	865	475	395	1.2	1.3	1.1
Chinese	175	80	95	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italian	195	85	110	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indian (India)	205	110	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	165	85	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Polish	80	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,860	1,475	1,385	3.9	4.1	3.7
Filipino	105	30	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	4,870	2,390	2,480	6.7	6.7	6.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,460	725	735	2.0	2.0	2.0
Métis	830	405	425	1.1	1.1	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,305	625	680	1.8	1.7	1.8
Russian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	185	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Welsh	580	300	285	0.8	0.8	0.8
Portuguese	85	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	260	135	125	0.4	0.4	0.3
Spanish	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	145	60	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Acadian	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistani	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	20	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	365	165	200	0.5	0.5	0.5
Danish	70	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	370	165	205	0.5	0.5	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belgian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	2,670	1,355	1,320	3.7	3.8	3.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	65	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	5,455	2,755	2,700	7.5	7.7	7.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	55	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	500	220	280	0.7	0.6	0.8
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	70	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	85	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	35	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	105	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	740	330	405	1.0	0.9	1.1
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	72,840	35,840	37,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	62,835	30,430	32,410	86.3	84.9	87.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,015	1,465	1,545	4.1	4.1	4.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	12,320	5,985	6,335	16.9	16.7	17.1
Baptist	95	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	13,865	6,410	7,455	19.0	17.9	20.1
Christian Orthodox	65	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	270	130	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10,655	5,285	5,375	14.6	14.7	14.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	12,730	6,190	6,540	17.5	17.3	17.7
Presbyterian	110	40	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	9,205	4,610	4,595	12.6	12.9	12.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	495	210	280	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hindu	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	145	65	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	105	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	9,605	5,200	4,405	13.2	14.5	11.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	72,335	35,565	36,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	66,495	32,735	33,765	91.9	92.0	91.8
Movers	5,840	2,830	3,005	8.1	8.0	8.2
Non-migrants	2,880	1,395	1,490	4.0	3.9	4.1
Migrants	2,960	1,435	1,520	4.1	4.0	4.1
Internal migrants	2,930	1,425	1,505	4.1	4.0	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	1,790	845	940	2.5	2.4	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	1,140	575	565	1.6	1.6	1.5
External migrants	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	70,395	34,585	35,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	51,680	25,690	25,995	73.4	74.3	72.6
Movers	18,715	8,895	9,820	26.6	25.7	27.4
Non-migrants	6,890	3,185	3,700	9.8	9.2	10.3
Migrants	11,825	5,705	6,115	16.8	16.5	17.1
Internal migrants	11,480	5,510	5,970	16.3	15.9	16.7
Intraprovincial migrants	7,940	3,810	4,140	11.3	11.0	11.6
Interprovincial migrants	3,545	1,710	1,835	5.0	4.9	5.1
External migrants	340	195	145	0.5	0.6	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	63,915	31,285	32,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	19,550	10,345	9,205	30.6	33.1	28.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	44,365	20,945	23,420	69.4	66.9	71.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	37,665	18,235	19,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,265	4,680	3,585	21.9	25.7	18.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	29,400	13,555	15,845	78.1	74.3	81.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	63,910	31,290	32,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,190	9,225	8,960	28.5	29.5	27.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	18,525	8,355	10,175	29.0	26.7	31.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,200	13,705	13,485	42.6	43.8	41.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	21,245	11,285	9,965	33.2	36.1	30.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,570	4,835	1,730	10.3	15.5	5.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,605	2,235	1,365	5.6	7.1	4.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,965	2,600	365	4.6	8.3	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	13,870	6,100	7,770	21.7	19.5	23.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	810	345	465	1.3	1.1	1.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,950	2,425	3,520	9.3	7.8	10.8
Bachelor's degree	3,995	1,575	2,415	6.3	5.0	7.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	285	110	170	0.4	0.4	0.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	160	80	0.4	0.5	0.2
Master's degree	1,390	550	840	2.2	1.8	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	37,665	18,235	19,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,420	3,985	3,435	19.7	21.9	17.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,505	4,790	5,710	27.9	26.3	29.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,745	9,465	10,285	52.4	51.9	52.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15,365	7,870	7,495	40.8	43.2	38.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,525	3,320	1,205	12.0	18.2	6.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,550	1,605	945	6.8	8.8	4.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,975	1,715	260	5.2	9.4	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,345	4,335	6,015	27.5	23.8	30.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	500	220	280	1.3	1.2	1.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,385	1,590	2,790	11.6	8.7	14.4
Bachelor's degree	2,845	1,020	1,820	7.6	5.6	9.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	210	75	135	0.6	0.4	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	120	80	0.5	0.7	0.4
Master's degree	1,115	365	745	3.0	2.0	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	63,910	31,290	32,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	36,715	17,575	19,135	57.4	56.2	58.7
Education	2,420	825	1,595	3.8	2.6	4.9
13. Education	2,420	825	1,595	3.8	2.6	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	325	145	180	0.5	0.5	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	60	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	245	85	160	0.4	0.3	0.5
Humanities	710	365	350	1.1	1.2	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	140	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	50	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	255	160	95	0.4	0.5	0.3
54. History	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,225	285	945	1.9	0.9	2.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	20	480	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	145	35	110	0.2	0.1	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	210	60	150	0.3	0.2	0.5
45. Social sciences	290	140	150	0.5	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	5,340	1,050	4,295	8.4	3.4	13.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	320	65	255	0.5	0.2	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,015	985	4,035	7.8	3.1	12.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	455	250	210	0.7	0.8	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	80	70	0.2	0.3	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	50	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	135	95	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	640	330	305	1.0	1.1	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	520	280	245	0.8	0.9	0.8
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	60	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,055	6,730	320	11.0	21.5	1.0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	225	200	25	0.4	0.6	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,485	1,340	145	2.3	4.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,265	2,220	45	3.5	7.1	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,235	2,155	80	3.5	6.9	0.2
48. Precision production	840	820	25	1.3	2.6	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	560	395	160	0.9	1.3	0.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	190	65	125	0.3	0.2	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	370	335	35	0.6	1.1	0.1
Health and related fields	4,730	800	3,930	7.4	2.6	12.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	80	70	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,455	635	3,815	7.0	2.0	11.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	110	85	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,730	2,530	1,200	5.8	8.1	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,400	315	1,085	2.2	1.0	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	150	115	35	0.2	0.4	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,140	2,070	65	3.3	6.6	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	37,670	18,235	19,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	17,920	8,770	9,145	47.6	48.1	47.1
Education	1,480	390	1,090	3.9	2.1	5.6
13. Education	1,480	390	1,090	3.9	2.1	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	70	145	0.6	0.4	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	180	55	130	0.5	0.3	0.7
Humanities	440	205	240	1.2	1.1	1.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	95	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
54. History	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	945	175	770	2.5	1.0	4.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	410	15	395	1.1	0.1	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	115	15	95	0.3	0.1	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	145	35	115	0.4	0.2	0.6
45. Social sciences	210	90	120	0.6	0.5	0.6
Business, management and public administration	3,990	730	3,265	10.6	4.0	16.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	265	50	220	0.7	0.3	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,725	680	3,040	9.9	3.7	15.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	305	165	140	0.8	0.9	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	85	65	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	545	280	265	1.4	1.5	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	485	255	230	1.3	1.4	1.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,775	4,505	265	12.7	24.7	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	155	140	20	0.4	0.8	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,050	915	130	2.8	5.0	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,595	1,565	35	4.2	8.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,425	1,360	65	3.8	7.5	0.3
48. Precision production	545	530	20	1.4	2.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	450	315	135	1.2	1.7	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	160	50	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	265	30	0.8	1.5	0.2
Health and related fields	3,595	600	3,000	9.5	3.3	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	65	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,380	475	2,910	9.0	2.6	15.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	60	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,000	2,030	970	8.0	11.1	5.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,115	225	885	3.0	1.2	4.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
43. Security and protective services	120	95	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,740	1,685	55	4.6	9.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	37,670	18,235	19,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,920	8,770	9,145	47.6	48.1	47.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	19,745	9,465	10,285	52.4	51.9	52.9
Location of study inside Canada	19,370	9,265	10,105	51.4	50.8	52.0
Same as province or territory of residence	16,410	7,900	8,505	43.6	43.3	43.8
Different than province or territory of residence	2,960	1,365	1,590	7.9	7.5	8.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	380	195	185	1.0	1.1	1.0
Americas	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
United States of America	90	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	55	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	160	75	90	0.4	0.4	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	15	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Australia	15	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	63,915	31,290	32,625	...	...	...
In the labour force	32,030	16,310	15,720	...	...	...
Employed	25,570	12,475	13,095	...	...	...
Unemployed	6,455	3,830	2,630	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	31,885	14,985	16,905	...	...	...
Participation rate	50.1	52.1	48.2	50.1	52.1	48.2
Employment rate	40.0	39.9	40.1	40.0	39.9	40.1
Unemployment rate	20.2	23.5	16.7	20.2	23.5	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	63,915	31,290	32,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	30,295	13,950	16,345	47.4	44.6	50.1
Worked	33,620	17,335	16,280	52.6	55.4	49.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,240	6,535	6,710	20.7	20.9	20.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	20,375	10,805	9,575	31.9	34.5	29.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	34.5	33.1	35.9	34.5	33.1	35.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	32,030	16,305	15,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,065	525	540	3.3	3.2	3.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	30,965	15,780	15,180	96.7	96.8	96.5
Employee	28,745	14,385	14,355	89.7	88.2	91.3
Permanent position	19,150	8,985	10,165	59.8	55.1	64.6
Temporary position	9,590	5,400	4,190	29.9	33.1	26.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,290	625	660	4.0	3.8	4.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	8,300	4,770	3,530	25.9	29.3	22.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,220	1,395	820	6.9	8.6	5.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	32,030	16,305	15,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,065	525	540	3.3	3.2	3.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	30,965	15,780	15,180	96.7	96.8	96.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	205	105	95	0.6	0.6	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,945	705	2,240	9.2	4.3	14.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,075	925	155	3.4	5.7	1.0
3 Health occupations	3,205	525	2,680	10.0	3.2	17.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,530	1,115	3,415	14.1	6.8	21.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	310	135	170	1.0	0.8	1.1
6 Sales and service occupations	7,550	2,740	4,810	23.6	16.8	30.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,145	6,640	505	22.3	40.7	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,480	1,975	500	7.7	12.1	3.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,520	910	610	4.7	5.6	3.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	32,030	16,305	15,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,065	525	540	3.3	3.2	3.4
All industries¹⁹¹	30,965	15,780	15,180	96.7	96.8	96.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,220	1,635	585	6.9	10.0	3.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,445	1,360	85	4.5	8.3	0.5
22 Utilities	355	325	30	1.1	2.0	0.2
23 Construction	2,495	2,280	220	7.8	14.0	1.4
31-33 Manufacturing	1,615	935	680	5.0	5.7	4.3
41 Wholesale trade	450	350	100	1.4	2.1	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	4,300	1,805	2,490	13.4	11.1	15.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,835	1,430	405	5.7	8.8	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	190	110	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	400	125	280	1.2	0.8	1.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	195	120	75	0.6	0.7	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	685	390	290	2.1	2.4	1.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	760	475	285	2.4	2.9	1.8
61 Educational services	1,815	510	1,305	5.7	3.1	8.3
62 Health care and social assistance	6,225	970	5,250	19.4	5.9	33.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	355	205	150	1.1	1.3	1.0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,895	630	1,265	5.9	3.9	8.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,290	675	615	4.0	4.1	3.9
91 Public administration	2,420	1,445	975	7.6	8.9	6.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	36,285	18,705	17,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	36,050	18,630	17,410	99.4	99.6	99.0
French	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	175	40	135	0.5	0.2	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	36,285	18,705	17,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	36,260	18,700	17,560	99.9	100.0	99.9
Official languages	36,250	18,690	17,555	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	36,200	18,685	17,520	99.8	99.9	99.7
French	50	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	36,285	18,705	17,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	36,085	18,640	17,450	99.4	99.7	99.3
English	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French	130	35	95	0.4	0.2	0.5
Non-official language	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	25,570	12,480	13,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,790	755	1,035	7.0	6.0	7.9
Worked outside Canada	50	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	4,885	3,590	1,295	19.1	28.8	9.9
Usual place of work	18,845	8,095	10,755	73.7	64.9	82.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	18,845	8,095	10,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,710	5,045	7,670	67.4	62.3	71.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,845	1,640	2,205	20.4	20.3	20.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,775	995	775	9.4	12.3	7.2
Commute to a different province or territory	515	415	100	2.7	5.1	0.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	23,730	11,685	12,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	21,360	10,305	11,055	90.0	88.2	91.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	19,390	9,420	9,970	81.7	80.6	82.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,965	885	1,080	8.3	7.6	9.0
Public transit	220	175	45	0.9	1.5	0.4
Walked	1,130	400	730	4.8	3.4	6.1
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other method	1,005	785	215	4.2	6.7	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	23,730	11,685	12,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	15,180	6,670	8,510	64.0	57.1	70.7
15 to 29 minutes	4,130	2,080	2,055	17.4	17.8	17.1
30 to 44 minutes	1,985	1,165	820	8.4	10.0	6.8
45 to 59 minutes	785	450	340	3.3	3.9	2.8
60 minutes and over	1,645	1,320	325	6.9	11.3	2.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	23,730	11,685	12,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,350	1,060	290	5.7	9.1	2.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,865	2,010	855	12.1	17.2	7.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,625	3,525	3,100	27.9	30.2	25.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,600	2,515	4,085	27.8	21.5	33.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,955	855	2,100	12.5	7.3	17.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,340	1,715	1,625	14.1	14.7	13.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	11,365	5,885	5,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280	160	120	2.5	2.7	2.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,080	5,725	5,360	97.5	97.3	97.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,765	4,555	4,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	235	135	100	2.7	3.0	2.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	120	70	45	1.4	1.5	1.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	55	55	1.3	1.2	1.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,540	4,430	4,110	97.4	97.3	97.6

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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