Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cantley, Municipalité (MÉ)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,449	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,699	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,289	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,109	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	90.8	...	...	90.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	126.12	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,450	5,830	5,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,445	1,275	1,170	21.4	21.9	20.8
0 to 4 years	630	345	285	5.5	5.9	5.1
5 to 9 years	845	440	405	7.4	7.5	7.2
10 to 14 years	970	485	480	8.5	8.3	8.5
15 to 64 years	7,780	3,940	3,845	67.9	67.6	68.4
15 to 19 years	720	370	355	6.3	6.3	6.3
20 to 24 years	485	250	235	4.2	4.3	4.2
25 to 29 years	490	245	245	4.3	4.2	4.4
30 to 34 years	730	345	385	6.4	5.9	6.9
35 to 39 years	885	415	465	7.7	7.1	8.3
40 to 44 years	925	475	450	8.1	8.1	8.0
45 to 49 years	1,010	535	470	8.8	9.2	8.4
50 to 54 years	870	440	430	7.6	7.5	7.7
55 to 59 years	875	445	430	7.6	7.6	7.7
60 to 64 years	785	410	375	6.9	7.0	6.7
65 years and over	1,225	620	600	10.7	10.6	10.7
65 to 69 years	475	220	255	4.1	3.8	4.5
70 to 74 years	365	205	160	3.2	3.5	2.8
75 to 79 years	215	110	105	1.9	1.9	1.9
80 to 84 years	100	65	35	0.9	1.1	0.6
85 years and over	65	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
85 to 89 years	50	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
90 to 94 years	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.4	21.9	20.8	21.4	21.9	20.8
15 to 64 years	67.9	67.6	68.4	67.9	67.6	68.4
65 years and over	10.7	10.6	10.7	10.7	10.6	10.7
85 years and over	0.6	0.3	0.8	0.6	0.3	0.8
Average age of the population	38.0	37.9	38.1	38.0	37.9	38.1
Median age of the population	40.0	40.0	39.6	40.0	40.0	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,620	...	...	88.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	55	...	...	1.3	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	375	...	...	9.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	55	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	610	...	...	14.8	...	...
2 persons	1,495	...	...	36.4	...	...
3 persons	755	...	...	18.4	...	...
4 persons	825	...	...	20.1	...	...
5 or more persons	430	...	...	10.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,435	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,005	4,560	4,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,375	3,175	3,200	70.8	69.6	71.9
Married	3,800	1,895	1,905	42.2	41.6	42.8
Living common-law	2,580	1,285	1,295	28.7	28.2	29.1
Living common law - Never married	2,060	1,010	1,045	22.9	22.1	23.5
Living common law - Separated	45	25	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	445	225	220	4.9	4.9	4.9
Living common law - Widowed	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	2,630	1,380	1,250	29.2	30.3	28.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,005	1,115	890	22.3	24.5	20.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	100	55	50	1.1	1.2	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	310	155	160	3.4	3.4	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	215	60	155	2.4	1.3	3.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,605	...	...	45.7	...	...
3 persons	750	...	...	21.4	...	...
4 persons	830	...	...	23.6	...	...
5 or more persons	325	...	...	9.3	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,170	...	...	90.3	...	...
Married couples	1,880	...	...	53.6	...	...
With children⁶	970	...	...	27.6	...	...
Without children	910	...	...	25.9	...	...
Common-law couples	1,285	...	...	36.6	...	...
With children⁶	780	...	...	22.2	...	...
Without children	505	...	...	14.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	340	...	...	9.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	220	...	...	6.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	125	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,435	5,825	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,485	5,315	5,165	91.7	91.2	92.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,340	3,165	3,180	55.4	54.3	56.8
Parents in one-parent families	340	120	220	3.0	2.1	3.9
Children⁶	3,800	2,035	1,765	33.2	34.9	31.5
In a two-parent family	3,275	1,740	1,540	28.6	29.9	27.5
In a one-parent family	525	295	230	4.6	5.1	4.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	950	515	440	8.3	8.8	7.9
Living alone	610	360	250	5.3	6.2	4.5
Living with other relatives⁷	210	85	125	1.8	1.5	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	130	70	60	1.1	1.2	1.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,200	...	...	77.9	...	...
Couple-family households	2,930	...	...	71.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,635	...	...	39.8	...	...
Without children	1,295	...	...	31.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	270	...	...	6.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	2.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90	...	...	2.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...	1.5	...	...
One-person households	610	...	...	14.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,735	4,435	4,300	97.2	97.4	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,600	63,200	56,400	59,600	63,200	56,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,745	4,435	4,310	97.3	97.4	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	51,200	47,600	49,200	51,200	47,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,345	4,250	4,100	92.8	93.3	92.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,800	59,600	49,200	54,800	59,600	49,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,135	3,640	3,500	79.4	79.9	78.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,000	60,800	51,600	56,000	60,800	51,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,130	2,820	3,315	68.2	61.9	74.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	7,750	8,900	8,400	7,750	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	815	410	410	9.1	9.0	9.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,960	5,600	6,280	5,960	5,600	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,055	1,175	880	22.9	25.8	19.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,250	6,000	6,000	7,250
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,700	4,410	4,290	96.8	96.8	96.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,700	68,900	62,400	65,700	68,900	62,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,715	4,410	4,305	96.9	96.8	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,100	54,050	50,080	52,100	54,050	50,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,320	4,245	4,080	92.5	93.2	92.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,900	64,900	56,650	60,900	64,900	56,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,135	3,660	3,475	79.4	80.4	78.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,050	63,750	56,100	60,050	63,750	56,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,200	2,850	3,350	69.0	62.6	75.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,490	9,930	10,960	10,490	9,930	10,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	875	450	415	9.7	9.9	9.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800	5,260	10,560	7,800	5,260	10,560
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,125	1,255	875	23.6	27.6	19.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,390	7,300	7,520	7,390	7,300	7,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,090	2,155	1,935	45.5	47.3	43.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	78,000	84,000	72,500	78,000	84,000	72,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,900	86,500	76,800	81,900	86,500	76,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,380	1,210	1,170	26.5	26.6	26.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	24,200	22,200	22,800	24,200	22,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,520	34,600	32,400	33,520	34,600	32,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.6	90.6	86.2	88.6	90.6	86.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.8	76.8	72.8	74.8	76.8	72.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.4	9.3	13.7	11.4	9.3	13.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.8	1.6	1.2	0.8	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8	3.0	2.5	2.8	3.0	2.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,990	4,550	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	255	120	135	2.8	2.6	3.0
With total income	8,740	4,430	4,305	97.2	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	260	295	6.4	5.9	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	690	345	350	7.9	7.8	8.1
$20,000 to $29,999	830	390	440	9.5	8.8	10.2
$30,000 to $39,999	715	355	365	8.2	8.0	8.5
$40,000 to $49,999	805	360	445	9.2	8.1	10.3
$50,000 to $59,999	790	395	395	9.0	8.9	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	825	385	440	9.4	8.7	10.2
$70,000 to $79,999	730	370	365	8.4	8.4	8.5
$80,000 to $89,999	665	325	335	7.6	7.3	7.8
$90,000 to $99,999	540	275	265	6.2	6.2	6.2
$100,000 and over	1,585	975	610	18.1	22.0	14.2
$100,000 to $149,999	1,210	710	495	13.8	16.0	11.5
$150,000 and over	380	265	115	4.3	6.0	2.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,990	4,550	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	245	120	125	2.7	2.6	2.8
With after-tax income	8,745	4,435	4,310	97.3	97.5	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	610	280	330	7.0	6.3	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	760	375	385	8.7	8.5	8.9
$20,000 to $29,999	980	470	515	11.2	10.6	11.9
$30,000 to $39,999	945	470	475	10.8	10.6	11.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,150	565	585	13.2	12.7	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,110	535	580	12.7	12.1	13.5
$60,000 to $69,999	940	475	470	10.7	10.7	10.9
$70,000 to $79,999	780	390	395	8.9	8.8	9.2
$80,000 to $89,999	580	325	260	6.6	7.3	6.0
$90,000 to $99,999	335	210	130	3.8	4.7	3.0
$100,000 and over	545	355	185	6.2	8.0	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	330	200	130	3.8	4.5	3.0
$125,000 and over	210	160	55	2.4	3.6	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,990	4,550	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,855	915	940	20.6	20.1	21.2
With employment income	7,135	3,640	3,495	79.4	80.0	78.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	745	365	375	10.4	10.0	10.7
$5,000 to $9,999	415	180	235	5.8	4.9	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	635	310	325	8.9	8.5	9.3
$20,000 to $29,999	485	220	265	6.8	6.0	7.6
$30,000 to $39,999	430	200	230	6.0	5.5	6.6
$40,000 to $49,999	545	255	290	7.6	7.0	8.3
$50,000 to $59,999	515	265	245	7.2	7.3	7.0
$60,000 to $69,999	605	260	345	8.5	7.1	9.9
$70,000 to $79,999	540	255	280	7.6	7.0	8.0
$80,000 to $89,999	550	280	270	7.7	7.7	7.7
$90,000 to $99,999	410	235	175	5.7	6.5	5.0
$100,000 and over	1,270	805	470	17.8	22.1	13.4
$100,000 to $124,999	705	420	285	9.9	11.5	8.2
$125,000 and over	560	385	180	7.8	10.6	5.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,560	4,345	4,220	95.2	95.4	95.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,800	62,400	54,800	58,800	62,400	54,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,575	4,345	4,230	95.4	95.4	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	51,200	46,400	48,800	51,200	46,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,240	4,195	4,045	91.7	92.1	91.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	60,800	49,200	55,200	60,800	49,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,135	3,645	3,485	79.4	80.0	78.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,800	61,600	51,600	56,800	61,600	51,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,415	2,370	3,040	60.2	52.0	68.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,360	4,320	6,200	5,360	4,320	6,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	795	420	375	8.8	9.2	8.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,000	8,500	5,600	5,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,570	4,345	4,220	95.3	95.4	95.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,500	66,800	60,150	63,500	66,800	60,150
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,595	4,355	4,240	95.6	95.6	95.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,040	52,100	47,960	50,040	52,100	47,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,260	4,220	4,035	91.9	92.6	91.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,400	64,600	56,050	60,400	64,600	56,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,195	3,700	3,490	80.0	81.2	78.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,250	62,050	56,300	59,250	62,050	56,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,520	2,425	3,095	61.4	53.2	69.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,250	7,350	8,960	8,250	7,350	8,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	845	455	390	9.4	10.0	8.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	5,900	13,500	9,400	5,900	13,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,100	2,155	1,945	45.6	47.3	43.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	81,000	67,500	74,500	81,000	67,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,200	82,300	71,500	77,200	82,300	71,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,295	1,160	1,135	25.5	25.5	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	30,000	25,800	26,800	30,000	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,720	40,100	39,300	39,720	40,100	39,300
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.6	93.8	89.0	91.6	93.8	89.0
Employment income (%)	78.2	79.0	77.4	78.2	79.0	77.4
Government transfers (%)	8.4	6.1	10.9	8.4	6.1	10.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	0.9	2.1	1.5	0.9	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...	139,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	110,500	...	...	110,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	67,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,000	...	...	53,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	151,800	...	...	151,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,500	...	...	120,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	1.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	1.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	1.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	1.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	1.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	1.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	180	...	...	4.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	3.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	4.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...	5.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	190	...	...	4.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,770	...	...	67.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	600	...	...	14.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	520	...	...	12.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	850	...	...	20.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	790	...	...	19.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	1.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	1.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	1.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	2.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	85	...	...	2.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	2.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	220	...	...	5.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	240	...	...	5.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	275	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	335	...	...	8.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,200	...	...	53.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	680	...	...	16.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	620	...	...	15.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	900	...	...	21.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,310	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,760	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	740	430	315	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,000	56,000	50,400	54,000	56,000	50,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	46,800	43,200	45,200	46,800	43,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	151,200	...	...	151,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,290	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	126,100	...	...	126,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,300	...	...	100,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,785	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	180,400	...	...	180,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,200	...	...	142,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	750	445	305	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	63,900	63,800	64,000	63,900	63,800	64,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,900	51,000	50,800	50,900	51,000	50,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,435	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,915	1,510	1,405	25.5	25.9	25.1
0 to 5 years	790	425	360	6.9	7.3	6.4
18 to 64 years	7,310	3,705	3,610	63.9	63.6	64.4
65 years and over	1,210	620	595	10.6	10.6	10.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	390	205	185	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	40	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	235	125	110	...	...	...
65 years and over	85	40	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.5	2.7	2.2	2.5	2.7	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.0	2.6	2.8	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	3.5	3.0	3.2	3.5	3.0
65 years and over (%)	6.8	6.0	7.4	6.8	6.0	7.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,430	5,825	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,910	1,505	1,405	25.5	25.8	25.1
0 to 5 years	785	430	360	6.9	7.4	6.4
18 to 64 years	7,310	3,705	3,605	64.0	63.6	64.4
65 years and over	1,210	615	590	10.6	10.6	10.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	85	70	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	115	65	45	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	10	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	1.5	1.9	1.2	1.5	1.9	1.2
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.2	2.0	1.7	1.2	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,435	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	3,095	1,555	1,540	27.1	26.7	27.5
In bottom decile	305	165	140	2.7	2.8	2.5
In second decile	445	235	205	3.9	4.0	3.7
In third decile	610	310	300	5.3	5.3	5.4
In fourth decile	760	375	385	6.6	6.4	6.9
In fifth decile	975	475	505	8.5	8.1	9.0
In top half of the distribution	8,335	4,270	4,065	72.9	73.2	72.5
In sixth decile	1,295	685	610	11.3	11.7	10.9
In seventh decile	1,620	830	785	14.2	14.2	14.0
In eighth decile	1,840	945	895	16.1	16.2	16.0
In ninth decile	2,070	1,030	1,045	18.1	17.7	18.6
In top decile	1,510	785	725	13.2	13.5	12.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,430	...	...	11,430	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.260	...	...	0.260	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.323	...	...	0.323	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.226	...	...	0.226	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,440	5,830	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	690	370	320	6.0	6.3	5.7
French only	2,975	1,465	1,505	26.0	25.1	26.8
English and French	7,775	3,995	3,780	68.0	68.5	67.4
Neither English nor French	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,440	5,830	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,650	845	800	14.4	14.5	14.3
French	9,550	4,860	4,695	83.5	83.4	83.7
English and French	235	130	110	2.1	2.2	2.0
Neither English nor French	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,440	5,830	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,030	5,615	5,420	96.4	96.3	96.6
Official languages	10,590	5,405	5,190	92.6	92.7	92.5
English	1,360	705	655	11.9	12.1	11.7
French	9,230	4,695	4,535	80.7	80.5	80.8
Non-official languages	440	215	225	3.8	3.7	4.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	435	215	225	3.8	3.7	4.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	325	155	165	2.8	2.7	2.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	55	0.9	0.9	1.0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.4
German	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	85	85	1.4	1.5	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	65	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Romanian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	80	35	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	410	220	195	3.6	3.8	3.5
English and French	330	175	160	2.9	3.0	2.9
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,440	5,830	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,160	595	560	10.1	10.2	10.0
French	8,450	4,305	4,140	73.9	73.8	73.8
Non-official language	75	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	75	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	1,355	680	675	11.8	11.7	12.0
English and non-official language(s)	120	70	55	1.0	1.2	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	110	50	55	1.0	0.9	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	165	90	80	1.4	1.5	1.4
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,440	5,830	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,040	5,615	5,425	96.5	96.3	96.7
Official languages	10,860	5,525	5,335	94.9	94.8	95.1
English	1,625	830	790	14.2	14.2	14.1
French	9,235	4,690	4,545	80.7	80.4	81.0
Non-official languages	180	85	90	1.6	1.5	1.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	85	90	1.6	1.5	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	55	65	1.1	0.9	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	25	0.5	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	220	185	3.5	3.8	3.3
English and French	330	180	155	2.9	3.1	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,440	5,835	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,040	5,140	4,905	87.8	88.1	87.4
English	720	355	365	6.3	6.1	6.5
French	395	195	200	3.5	3.3	3.6
Non-official language	160	85	75	1.4	1.5	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	160	85	75	1.4	1.5	1.3
English and French	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,430	5,830	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,425	5,830	5,595	100.0	100.0	99.9
English	8,345	4,260	4,085	73.0	73.1	72.9
French	10,850	5,495	5,355	94.9	94.3	95.6
Non-official languages	925	435	480	8.1	7.5	8.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	925	435	480	8.1	7.5	8.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	795	380	415	7.0	6.5	7.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	70	60	1.1	1.2	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	120	65	55	1.0	1.1	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Czech	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Russian	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Serbian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
German	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	610	290	320	5.3	5.0	5.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Portuguese	120	80	40	1.0	1.4	0.7
Romanian	50	30	30	0.4	0.5	0.5
Spanish	430	180	255	3.8	3.1	4.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,430	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	600	290	315	5.2	5.0	5.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	565	280	290	4.9	4.8	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	285	135	155	2.5	2.3	2.8
Métis	265	130	135	2.3	2.2	2.4
Inuk (Inuit)	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,835	5,540	5,290	94.8	95.0	94.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,430	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	110	55	50	1.0	0.9	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,325	5,770	5,555	99.1	99.0	99.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,810	...	...	92.7	...	...
Renter	300	...	...	7.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
Not condominium	4,080	...	...	99.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	180	...	...	4.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	700	...	...	17.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,740	...	...	42.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,490	...	...	36.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	435	...	...	10.6	...	...
5 rooms	345	...	...	8.4	...	...
6 rooms	545	...	...	13.3	...	...
7 rooms	680	...	...	16.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,110	...	...	51.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,085	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,035	...	...	98.2	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	195	...	...	4.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	645	...	...	15.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	600	...	...	14.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	610	...	...	14.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	585	...	...	14.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	635	...	...	15.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	525	...	...	12.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	305	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,910	...	...	95.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	195	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,300	...	...	31.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,730	...	...	66.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	80	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	530	...	...	12.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	970	...	...	23.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	940	...	...	22.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	925	...	...	22.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	475	...	...	11.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	195	...	...	4.7	...	...
85 years and over	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,085	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,775	...	...	92.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	305	...	...	7.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	295	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	540	...	...	13.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	275	...	...	6.7	...	...
Not suitable only	70	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	155	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,570	...	...	86.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	45	...	...	1.1	...	...
Not in core need	4,025	...	...	99.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,800	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	74.6	...	...	74.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.4	...	...	7.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,580	...	...	1,580	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,554	...	...	1,554	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	467,200	...	...	467,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	300	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.3	...	...	8.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,435	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	335	185	145	2.9	3.2	2.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	335	185	145	2.9	3.2	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	275	155	120	2.4	2.7	2.1
Métis single ancestry	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	820	405	415	7.2	6.9	7.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	800	400	400	7.0	6.9	7.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	680	350	335	5.9	6.0	6.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,275	5,235	5,045	89.9	89.8	90.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,435	5,825	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,315	5,765	5,550	99.0	99.0	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,935	1,505	1,430	25.7	25.8	25.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,380	4,260	4,120	73.3	73.1	73.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	120	60	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,435	5,825	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,795	5,515	5,280	94.4	94.7	94.2
Immigrants⁸¹	620	300	320	5.4	5.2	5.7
Before 1980	110	70	45	1.0	1.2	0.8
1980 to 1990	100	45	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
1991 to 2000	130	55	70	1.1	0.9	1.2
2001 to 2010	200	80	120	1.7	1.4	2.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	55	30	0.7	0.9	0.5
2011 to 2015	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
2016 to 2021	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	625	300	320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	65	35	30	10.4	11.7	9.4
5 to 14 years	120	50	70	19.2	16.7	21.9
15 to 24 years	135	70	70	21.6	23.3	21.9
25 to 44 years	275	140	130	44.0	46.7	40.6
45 years and over	30	10	20	4.8	3.3	6.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	625	300	320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	125	35	90	20.0	11.7	28.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	15	0	15	2.4	0.0	4.7
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	0	15	3.2	0.0	4.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	0	25	4.8	0.0	7.8
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	15	5.6	5.0	4.7
Europe	360	190	170	57.6	63.3	53.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	15	0	2.4	5.0	0.0
France	110	60	50	17.6	20.0	15.6
Germany	20	0	20	3.2	0.0	6.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Portugal	40	30	15	6.4	10.0	4.7
Romania	40	20	20	6.4	6.7	6.3
Russian Federation	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	20	10	5.6	6.7	3.1
Other places of birth in Europe	65	40	25	10.4	13.3	7.8
Africa	95	60	35	15.2	20.0	10.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	50	25	12.8	16.7	7.8
Asia	40	15	25	6.4	5.0	7.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	10	10	3.2	3.3	3.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	30	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	30	20	90.9	100.0	80.0
France	40	25	15	72.7	83.3	60.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	0	0	18.2	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	18.2	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,430	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	700	345	360	6.1	5.9	6.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	835	450	390	7.3	7.7	7.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,895	5,035	4,855	86.6	86.4	86.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	510	240	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	275	130	145	53.9	54.2	52.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	115	65	45	22.5	27.1	16.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165	60	105	32.4	25.0	38.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	150	75	75	29.4	31.3	27.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85	35	50	16.7	14.6	18.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	510	240	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	4.9	4.2	5.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	35	35	13.7	14.6	12.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	15	15	6.9	6.3	5.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	25	20	6.9	10.4	7.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	2.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	335	150	185	65.7	62.5	67.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,430	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	415	190	220	3.6	3.3	3.9
South Asian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Black	115	75	45	1.0	1.3	0.8
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latin American	80	15	65	0.7	0.3	1.2
Southeast Asian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	60	40	30	0.5	0.7	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,020	5,640	5,385	96.4	96.7	96.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,435	5,830	5,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,165	2,075	2,090	36.4	35.6	37.3
English	640	340	305	5.6	5.8	5.4
Irish	1,090	530	560	9.5	9.1	10.0
Scottish	530	265	270	4.6	4.5	4.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,325	1,730	1,600	29.1	29.7	28.6
German	390	205	185	3.4	3.5	3.3
Chinese	100	55	40	0.9	0.9	0.7
Italian	250	120	130	2.2	2.1	2.3
Indian (India)	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Dutch	65	45	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Polish	125	55	60	1.1	0.9	1.1
Québécois	915	445	470	8.0	7.6	8.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	110	35	75	1.0	0.6	1.3
Filipino	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	705	405	305	6.2	6.9	5.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	365	180	175	3.2	3.1	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	480	260	220	4.2	4.5	3.9
Métis	170	80	90	1.5	1.4	1.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	290	160	130	2.5	2.7	2.3
Russian	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Welsh	65	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Portuguese	220	135	90	1.9	2.3	1.6
American	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Spanish	70	45	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Swedish	65	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hungarian	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.6
Acadian	220	110	105	1.9	1.9	1.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Jewish	65	25	35	0.6	0.4	0.6
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	65	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Lebanese	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.9
Danish	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	120	60	60	1.0	1.0	1.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	45	30	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Belgian	130	80	50	1.1	1.4	0.9
Haitian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	55	45	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	70	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Czech	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	205	110	100	1.8	1.9	1.8
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,430	5,830	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	7,180	3,565	3,615	62.8	61.1	64.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	590	310	285	5.2	5.3	5.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Baptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catholic	6,165	3,060	3,100	53.9	52.5	55.3
Christian Orthodox	60	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.3
Presbyterian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	45	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	160	70	90	1.4	1.2	1.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	30	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Muslim	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	4,120	2,210	1,905	36.0	37.9	34.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,300	5,760	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,265	5,245	5,020	90.8	91.1	90.6
Movers	1,040	515	525	9.2	8.9	9.5
Non-migrants	495	230	260	4.4	4.0	4.7
Migrants	545	285	260	4.8	4.9	4.7
Internal migrants	545	285	260	4.8	4.9	4.7
Intraprovincial migrants	395	205	190	3.5	3.6	3.4
Interprovincial migrants	150	85	70	1.3	1.5	1.3
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,795	5,465	5,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,220	3,665	3,555	66.9	67.1	66.6
Movers	3,575	1,800	1,775	33.1	32.9	33.3
Non-migrants	460	260	200	4.3	4.8	3.7
Migrants	3,115	1,540	1,575	28.9	28.2	29.5
Internal migrants	3,055	1,500	1,550	28.3	27.4	29.1
Intraprovincial migrants	2,490	1,220	1,270	23.1	22.3	23.8
Interprovincial migrants	565	280	285	5.2	5.1	5.3
External migrants	65	40	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,635	1,010	625	18.2	22.2	14.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,355	3,545	3,810	81.8	77.8	85.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,565	3,295	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	775	565	210	11.8	17.1	6.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,795	2,730	3,065	88.3	82.9	93.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,990	4,555	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,415	865	550	15.7	19.0	12.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,780	900	875	19.8	19.8	19.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,800	2,790	3,010	64.5	61.3	67.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,225	1,675	1,540	35.9	36.8	34.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,150	705	445	12.8	15.5	10.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	795	410	385	8.8	9.0	8.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	360	295	60	4.0	6.5	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,875	895	985	20.9	19.6	22.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195	80	115	2.2	1.8	2.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,575	1,105	1,470	28.6	24.3	33.1
Bachelor's degree	1,610	665	945	17.9	14.6	21.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	205	90	115	2.3	2.0	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
Master's degree	600	265	335	6.7	5.8	7.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	55	40	1.1	1.2	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,565	3,290	3,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	615	460	150	9.4	14.0	4.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,135	580	555	17.3	17.6	17.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,815	2,250	2,565	73.3	68.4	78.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,585	1,350	1,240	39.4	41.0	37.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	925	575	350	14.1	17.5	10.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	640	335	310	9.7	10.2	9.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	285	240	45	4.3	7.3	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,530	730	800	23.3	22.2	24.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	45	90	2.0	1.4	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,225	900	1,325	33.9	27.4	40.5
Bachelor's degree	1,370	545	825	20.9	16.6	25.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	80	115	3.0	2.4	3.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	30	0.8	0.8	0.9
Master's degree	535	210	320	8.1	6.4	9.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	35	40	1.1	1.1	1.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,985	4,550	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,195	1,770	1,425	35.6	38.9	32.1
Education	480	130	355	5.3	2.9	8.0
13. Education	480	130	355	5.3	2.9	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	85	135	2.4	1.9	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	185	60	125	2.1	1.3	2.8
Humanities	300	95	205	3.3	2.1	4.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	10	50	0.6	0.2	1.1
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	30	90	1.3	0.7	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	45	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	645	215	430	7.2	4.7	9.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	45	80	1.4	1.0	1.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	10	70	0.9	0.2	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	90	25	60	1.0	0.5	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	125	20	105	1.4	0.4	2.4
45. Social sciences	225	120	105	2.5	2.6	2.4
Business, management and public administration	1,385	480	895	15.4	10.5	20.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	40	130	1.8	0.9	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,210	445	770	13.5	9.8	17.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	130	100	2.6	2.9	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	30	65	1.1	0.7	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
40. Physical sciences	50	45	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	145	70	2.4	3.2	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	185	140	45	2.1	3.1	1.0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,105	1,030	75	12.3	22.6	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	60	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
14. Engineering	170	155	15	1.9	3.4	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	165	10	2.0	3.6	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	390	380	20	4.3	8.4	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	220	210	0	2.4	4.6	0.0
48. Precision production	85	85	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	70	75	1.7	1.5	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	30	45	0.8	0.7	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	45	30	0.8	1.0	0.7
Health and related fields	620	150	470	6.9	3.3	10.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	580	120	455	6.5	2.6	10.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	450	250	205	5.0	5.5	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	40	140	1.9	0.9	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	205	155	50	2.3	3.4	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	55	15	0.7	1.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,565	3,290	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,750	1,045	710	26.7	31.8	21.7
Education	365	80	285	5.6	2.4	8.7
13. Education	365	80	285	5.6	2.4	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	75	115	2.9	2.3	3.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	165	50	110	2.5	1.5	3.4
Humanities	205	65	140	3.1	2.0	4.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	20	50	0.9	0.6	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	575	195	385	8.8	5.9	11.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	35	80	1.8	1.1	2.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	10	55	1.0	0.3	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	80	20	60	1.2	0.6	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	110	20	90	1.7	0.6	2.7
45. Social sciences	190	105	85	2.9	3.2	2.6
Business, management and public administration	1,190	395	795	18.1	12.0	24.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	20	115	2.1	0.6	3.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,045	375	680	15.9	11.4	20.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	70	80	2.2	2.1	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	20	65	1.3	0.6	2.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	40	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	110	65	2.7	3.3	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	110	45	2.3	3.3	1.4
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.8
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	930	860	75	14.2	26.1	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	50	20	25	0.8	0.6	0.8
14. Engineering	135	120	15	2.1	3.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	145	10	2.4	4.4	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	325	310	15	5.0	9.4	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	185	10	2.9	5.6	0.3
48. Precision production	80	80	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	65	70	2.0	2.0	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	60	25	40	0.9	0.8	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	40	30	1.1	1.2	0.9
Health and related fields	525	125	400	8.0	3.8	12.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	490	100	390	7.5	3.0	11.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	380	220	160	5.8	6.7	4.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	120	25	95	1.8	0.8	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	145	50	2.9	4.4	1.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	45	10	0.8	1.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,565	3,290	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,750	1,045	710	26.7	31.8	21.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,815	2,255	2,560	73.3	68.5	78.2
Location of study inside Canada	4,620	2,145	2,475	70.4	65.2	75.6
Same as province or territory of residence	3,120	1,495	1,620	47.5	45.4	49.5
Different than province or territory of residence	1,505	650	855	22.9	19.8	26.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	190	100	85	2.9	3.0	2.6
Americas	30	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
United States of America	25	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	140	65	70	2.1	2.0	2.1
Belgium	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
France	80	45	35	1.2	1.4	1.1
Germany	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
Africa	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,990	4,555	4,435	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,625	3,430	3,190	...	...	...
Employed	6,255	3,230	3,020	...	...	...
Unemployed	365	195	170	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,370	1,125	1,245	...	...	...
Participation rate	73.7	75.3	71.9	73.7	75.3	71.9
Employment rate	69.6	70.9	68.1	69.6	70.9	68.1
Unemployment rate	5.5	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.7	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,985	4,550	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,255	1,035	1,215	25.1	22.7	27.4
Worked	6,735	3,515	3,220	75.0	77.3	72.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,235	2,255	1,980	47.1	49.6	44.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,500	1,265	1,240	27.8	27.8	28.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	43.9	44.0	44.0	43.9	44.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,625	3,425	3,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	15	35	0.8	0.4	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,575	3,415	3,155	99.2	99.7	98.7
Employee	5,580	2,740	2,835	84.2	80.0	88.7
Permanent position	4,755	2,375	2,380	71.8	69.3	74.5
Temporary position	825	365	455	12.5	10.7	14.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	305	125	180	4.6	3.6	5.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	520	240	280	7.8	7.0	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	995	675	320	15.0	19.7	10.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,625	3,425	3,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	15	35	0.8	0.4	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,575	3,415	3,155	99.2	99.7	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	170	110	60	2.6	3.2	1.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,460	355	1,105	22.0	10.4	34.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	540	375	170	8.2	10.9	5.3
3 Health occupations	455	105	355	6.9	3.1	11.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,300	515	785	19.6	15.0	24.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	95	80	2.6	2.8	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,095	575	515	16.5	16.8	16.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,170	1,105	65	17.7	32.3	2.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	100	10	1.7	2.9	0.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	95	80	15	1.4	2.3	0.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,625	3,425	3,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	15	35	0.8	0.4	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	6,575	3,415	3,155	99.2	99.7	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
22 Utilities	75	65	10	1.1	1.9	0.3
23 Construction	820	740	85	12.4	21.6	2.7
31-33 Manufacturing	170	140	40	2.6	4.1	1.3
41 Wholesale trade	55	35	15	0.8	1.0	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	495	275	220	7.5	8.0	6.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	175	145	30	2.6	4.2	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	45	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	130	60	70	2.0	1.8	2.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	75	65	2.1	2.2	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	405	230	175	6.1	6.7	5.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	180	30	3.2	5.3	0.9
61 Educational services	580	155	425	8.8	4.5	13.3
62 Health care and social assistance	705	130	575	10.6	3.8	18.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	80	65	2.2	2.3	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	215	85	125	3.2	2.5	3.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	245	110	135	3.7	3.2	4.2
91 Public administration	1,910	860	1,050	28.8	25.1	32.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,050	3,685	3,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,025	610	415	14.5	16.6	12.4
French	3,025	1,570	1,455	42.9	42.6	43.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,945	1,470	1,470	41.8	39.9	43.8
English and non-official language(s)	25	20	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,050	3,685	3,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,535	3,445	3,090	92.7	93.5	92.0
Official languages	6,535	3,445	3,090	92.7	93.5	92.0
English	2,145	1,140	1,005	30.4	30.9	29.9
French	4,395	2,300	2,085	62.3	62.4	62.1
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	515	240	270	7.3	6.5	8.0
English and French	500	230	270	7.1	6.2	8.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,050	3,685	3,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,560	2,415	2,145	64.7	65.5	63.8
English	1,365	740	625	19.4	20.1	18.6
French	1,085	505	580	15.4	13.7	17.3
Non-official language	25	20	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	20	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,255	3,235	3,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,185	965	1,220	34.9	29.8	40.4
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	855	740	115	13.7	22.9	3.8
Usual place of work	3,205	1,525	1,685	51.2	47.1	55.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,210	1,525	1,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	515	250	270	16.0	16.4	16.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	125	55	70	3.9	3.6	4.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,815	840	975	56.5	55.1	57.9
Commute to a different province or territory	750	380	370	23.4	24.9	22.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,065	2,260	1,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,780	2,175	1,600	93.0	96.2	88.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,570	2,060	1,505	87.8	91.2	83.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	210	115	95	5.2	5.1	5.3
Public transit	105	20	90	2.6	0.9	5.0
Walked	100	40	60	2.5	1.8	3.3
Bicycle	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.6
Other method	60	20	40	1.5	0.9	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,065	2,260	1,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	650	345	305	16.0	15.3	16.9
15 to 29 minutes	1,755	885	875	43.2	39.2	48.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,090	675	410	26.8	29.9	22.8
45 to 59 minutes	370	225	140	9.1	10.0	7.8
60 minutes and over	195	130	70	4.8	5.8	3.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,065	2,260	1,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	360	310	55	8.9	13.7	3.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,025	670	355	25.2	29.6	19.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,255	625	630	30.9	27.7	35.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	665	280	380	16.4	12.4	21.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	380	155	225	9.3	6.9	12.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	375	215	160	9.2	9.5	8.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,960	1,530	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	615	320	295	20.8	20.9	20.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,345	1,210	1,135	79.2	79.1	79.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,270	1,155	1,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	465	240	225	20.5	20.8	20.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	225	110	110	9.9	9.5	9.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	245	130	115	10.8	11.3	10.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,800	915	890	79.3	79.2	79.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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