Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	BuckinghamMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	17,407	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	16,791^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,012	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,746	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	881.7	...	...	881.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	19.74	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	17,410	8,370	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,180	1,610	1,570	18.3	19.2	17.4
0 to 4 years	1,030	500	525	5.9	6.0	5.8
5 to 9 years	1,095	570	525	6.3	6.8	5.8
10 to 14 years	1,055	540	520	6.1	6.5	5.8
15 to 64 years	10,860	5,255	5,610	62.4	62.8	62.1
15 to 19 years	845	430	415	4.9	5.1	4.6
20 to 24 years	840	415	425	4.8	5.0	4.7
25 to 29 years	1,205	575	630	6.9	6.9	7.0
30 to 34 years	1,180	560	620	6.8	6.7	6.9
35 to 39 years	1,140	565	570	6.5	6.8	6.3
40 to 44 years	1,035	515	525	5.9	6.2	5.8
45 to 49 years	940	470	475	5.4	5.6	5.3
50 to 54 years	1,035	480	550	5.9	5.7	6.1
55 to 59 years	1,330	630	695	7.6	7.5	7.7
60 to 64 years	1,315	605	710	7.6	7.2	7.9
65 years and over	3,360	1,505	1,860	19.3	18.0	20.6
65 to 69 years	1,110	530	575	6.4	6.3	6.4
70 to 74 years	910	410	500	5.2	4.9	5.5
75 to 79 years	620	290	330	3.6	3.5	3.7
80 to 84 years	360	155	210	2.1	1.9	2.3
85 years and over	360	115	245	2.1	1.4	2.7
85 to 89 years	230	80	150	1.3	1.0	1.7
90 to 94 years	95	30	65	0.5	0.4	0.7
95 to 99 years	35	5	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.3	19.2	17.4	18.3	19.2	17.4
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.8	62.1	62.4	62.8	62.1
65 years and over	19.3	18.0	20.6	19.3	18.0	20.6
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.7	2.1	1.4	2.7
Average age of the population	41.6	40.6	42.6	41.6	40.6	42.6
Median age of the population	41.6	40.4	42.8	41.6	40.4	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,370	...	...	43.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,780	...	...	23.0	...	...
Row house	640	...	...	8.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	450	...	...	5.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,470	...	...	19.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,560	...	...	33.1	...	...
2 persons	2,840	...	...	36.7	...	...
3 persons	1,100	...	...	14.2	...	...
4 persons	775	...	...	10.0	...	...
5 or more persons	465	...	...	6.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,255	8,310	8,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	14,225	6,755	7,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,875	3,910	3,970	55.4	57.9	53.1
Married	4,205	2,090	2,115	29.6	30.9	28.3
Living common-law	3,670	1,820	1,850	25.8	26.9	24.8
Living common law - Never married	3,000	1,500	1,500	21.1	22.2	20.1
Living common law - Separated	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	550	275	275	3.9	4.1	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	70	25	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	6,350	2,850	3,505	44.6	42.2	46.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,105	2,090	2,010	28.9	30.9	26.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	240	120	125	1.7	1.8	1.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,195	435	760	8.4	6.4	10.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	810	205	605	5.7	3.0	8.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,860	...	...	57.3	...	...
3 persons	1,045	...	...	20.9	...	...
4 persons	745	...	...	14.9	...	...
5 or more persons	355	...	...	7.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,875	...	...	77.6	...	...
Married couples	2,045	...	...	40.9	...	...
With children⁶	720	...	...	14.4	...	...
Without children	1,320	...	...	26.4	...	...
Common-law couples	1,835	...	...	36.7	...	...
With children⁶	960	...	...	19.2	...	...
Without children	875	...	...	17.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,120	...	...	22.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	815	...	...	16.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	305	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,255	8,310	8,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	13,735	6,710	7,020	79.6	80.7	78.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,750	3,850	3,900	44.9	46.3	43.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,120	305	810	6.5	3.7	9.1
Children⁶	4,865	2,550	2,310	28.2	30.7	25.8
In a two-parent family	3,125	1,610	1,515	18.1	19.4	16.9
In a one-parent family	1,740	940	795	10.1	11.3	8.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,520	1,600	1,925	20.4	19.3	21.5
Living alone	2,560	1,125	1,435	14.8	13.5	16.0
Living with other relatives⁷	380	170	215	2.2	2.0	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	580	305	275	3.4	3.7	3.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,530	...	...	58.5	...	...
Couple-family households	3,585	...	...	46.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,550	...	...	20.0	...	...
Without children	2,040	...	...	26.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	945	...	...	12.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	150	...	...	1.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	205	...	...	2.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	275	...	...	3.6	...	...
One-person households	2,560	...	...	33.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	14,075	6,700	7,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,775	6,545	7,225	97.9	97.7	98.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	45,600	38,800	42,400	45,600	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,775	6,550	7,225	97.9	97.8	98.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	39,600	34,800	37,200	39,600	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,110	5,915	6,195	86.0	88.3	84.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,400	30,600	35,200	40,400	30,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,675	4,890	4,790	68.7	73.0	64.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,600	34,000	37,600	41,600	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,625	5,290	6,330	82.6	79.0	85.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	10,500	13,000	12,000	10,500	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,760	945	810	12.5	14.1	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,440	5,480	5,480	5,440	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,570	1,865	1,705	25.4	27.8	23.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,650	6,000	7,500	6,650	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,980	6,635	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,690	6,525	7,170	97.9	98.3	97.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,760	49,760	44,000	46,760	49,760	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,690	6,525	7,170	97.9	98.3	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,520	41,280	37,880	39,520	41,280	37,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,105	5,900	6,210	86.6	88.9	84.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,520	44,280	36,920	40,520	44,280	36,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,620	4,870	4,750	68.8	73.4	64.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	44,120	39,040	41,600	44,120	39,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,610	5,345	6,270	83.0	80.6	85.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,880	11,840	13,760	12,880	11,840	13,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,910	1,035	875	13.7	15.6	11.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,980	6,020	8,120	6,980	6,020	8,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,550	1,925	1,620	25.4	29.0	22.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,150	7,970	8,360	8,150	7,970	8,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,980	6,640	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,065	2,610	2,455	36.2	39.3	33.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	56,800	53,200	55,600	56,800	53,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,000	60,500	55,350	58,000	60,500	55,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,410	1,655	1,750	24.4	24.9	23.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	21,600	18,000	19,200	21,600	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,960	28,320	23,680	25,960	28,320	23,680
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.6	80.6	72.6	76.6	80.6	72.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.6	66.2	58.8	62.6	66.2	58.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.4	19.5	27.4	23.4	19.5	27.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	1.9	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.5	4.7	4.3	4.5	4.7	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	14,070	6,695	7,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	300	150	145	2.1	2.2	2.0
With total income	13,775	6,550	7,230	97.9	97.8	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	785	345	445	5.7	5.3	6.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,635	645	990	11.9	9.8	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,185	895	1,290	15.9	13.7	17.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,855	865	995	13.5	13.2	13.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,915	920	1,000	13.9	14.0	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,590	785	805	11.5	12.0	11.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,240	620	620	9.0	9.5	8.6
$70,000 to $79,999	920	505	415	6.7	7.7	5.7
$80,000 to $89,999	615	340	275	4.5	5.2	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	375	210	165	2.7	3.2	2.3
$100,000 and over	665	425	245	4.8	6.5	3.4
$100,000 to $149,999	555	350	205	4.0	5.3	2.8
$150,000 and over	105	70	35	0.8	1.1	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	14,070	6,695	7,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	295	150	145	2.1	2.2	2.0
With after-tax income	13,780	6,550	7,230	97.9	97.8	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	845	360	490	6.1	5.5	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,705	680	1,020	12.4	10.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	2,635	1,130	1,510	19.1	17.3	20.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,400	1,155	1,245	17.4	17.6	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,295	1,140	1,155	16.7	17.4	16.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,690	860	830	12.3	13.1	11.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,045	565	480	7.6	8.6	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	565	295	270	4.1	4.5	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	275	170	105	2.0	2.6	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	135	75	55	1.0	1.1	0.8
$100,000 and over	175	110	65	1.3	1.7	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	115	70	50	0.8	1.1	0.7
$125,000 and over	60	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	14,070	6,695	7,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,400	1,815	2,585	31.3	27.1	35.1
With employment income	9,675	4,885	4,785	68.8	73.0	64.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,125	580	550	11.6	11.9	11.5
$5,000 to $9,999	705	305	400	7.3	6.2	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,130	485	645	11.7	9.9	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,075	490	585	11.1	10.0	12.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,035	500	530	10.7	10.2	11.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	530	555	11.3	10.8	11.6
$50,000 to $59,999	940	520	420	9.7	10.6	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	815	435	380	8.4	8.9	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	605	355	250	6.3	7.3	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	440	240	205	4.5	4.9	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	250	150	100	2.6	3.1	2.1
$100,000 and over	465	300	170	4.8	6.1	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	315	205	115	3.3	4.2	2.4
$125,000 and over	150	95	50	1.6	1.9	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	14,075	6,700	7,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,570	6,435	7,135	96.4	96.0	96.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,000	35,600	40,000	44,000	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,580	6,435	7,140	96.5	96.0	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,000	32,000	35,200	38,000	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,960	5,835	6,125	85.0	87.1	83.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,800	31,200	36,000	40,800	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,715	4,900	4,825	69.0	73.1	65.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,600	33,600	37,600	41,600	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,660	4,760	5,895	75.7	71.0	79.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	7,650	10,300	9,000	7,650	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,595	865	725	11.3	12.9	9.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	4,720	5,160	4,880	4,720	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,980	6,635	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,520	6,400	7,120	96.7	96.5	96.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,160	48,040	40,680	44,160	48,040	40,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,525	6,405	7,125	96.7	96.5	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,120	39,600	34,880	37,120	39,600	34,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,040	5,825	6,215	86.1	87.8	84.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,600	45,200	36,240	40,600	45,200	36,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,765	4,905	4,865	69.8	73.9	66.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,320	44,600	38,000	41,320	44,600	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,670	4,855	5,815	76.3	73.2	79.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,170	9,080	11,070	10,170	9,080	11,070
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,710	955	755	12.2	14.4	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,850	6,030	7,900	6,850	6,030	7,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,980	6,640	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,035	2,590	2,445	36.0	39.0	33.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	54,800	50,000	52,000	54,800	50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,500	57,950	50,800	54,500	57,950	50,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,225	1,570	1,650	23.1	23.6	22.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	28,800	23,600	26,000	28,800	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,880	35,360	28,600	31,880	35,360	28,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.8	85.6	77.8	81.8	85.6	77.8
Employment income (%)	67.6	71.2	63.8	67.6	71.2	63.8
Government transfers (%)	18.2	14.4	22.2	18.2	14.4	22.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,745	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,560	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,800	...	...	82,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,840	...	...	44,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,920	...	...	37,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,500	...	...	101,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,800	...	...	85,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	215	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	440	...	...	5.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	245	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	275	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	360	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	660	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	670	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	605	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	525	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	450	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,430	...	...	31.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	985	...	...	12.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	655	...	...	8.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	545	...	...	7.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	255	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	465	...	...	6.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	310	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	350	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	450	...	...	5.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	440	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	420	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	825	...	...	10.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	785	...	...	10.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	645	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	560	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,610	...	...	20.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	880	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	400	...	...	5.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	330	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,980	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,705	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,140	1,430	1,710	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	42,800	36,000	38,800	42,800	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	37,600	32,400	34,800	37,600	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,970	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,500	...	...	101,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,700	...	...	85,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,900	...	...	110,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,200	...	...	71,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,200	...	...	62,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,090	1,440	1,650	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,840	46,320	41,680	43,840	46,320	41,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	38,880	35,680	37,200	38,880	35,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,255	8,305	8,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,705	1,875	1,825	21.5	22.6	20.4
0 to 5 years	1,245	625	625	7.2	7.5	7.0
18 to 64 years	10,325	4,985	5,350	59.8	60.0	59.8
65 years and over	3,220	1,450	1,770	18.7	17.5	19.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,115	890	1,220	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	475	240	235	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	95	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	990	435	550	...	...	...
65 years and over	655	215	435	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	10.7	13.7	12.3	10.7	13.7
0 to 17 years (%)	12.9	12.7	12.9	12.9	12.7	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	13.6	14.6	12.4	13.6	14.6	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.8	10.3	9.6	8.8	10.3
65 years and over (%)	20.3	14.8	24.8	20.3	14.8	24.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,255	8,310	8,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,700	1,875	1,830	21.4	22.6	20.5
0 to 5 years	1,245	620	620	7.2	7.5	6.9
18 to 64 years	10,330	4,980	5,345	59.9	59.9	59.8
65 years and over	3,220	1,455	1,765	18.7	17.5	19.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	520	240	285	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	80	35	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	390	185	200	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	15	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.9	3.2	3.0	2.9	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	1.8	2.6	2.2	1.8	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.4	2.8	2.6	2.4	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.2	2.0	1.7	1.2	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,255	8,305	8,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,385	4,860	5,520	60.2	58.5	61.7
In bottom decile	1,830	770	1,060	10.6	9.3	11.9
In second decile	1,960	920	1,040	11.4	11.1	11.6
In third decile	2,150	1,010	1,145	12.5	12.2	12.8
In fourth decile	2,260	1,085	1,175	13.1	13.1	13.1
In fifth decile	2,180	1,075	1,105	12.6	12.9	12.4
In top half of the distribution	6,870	3,450	3,425	39.8	41.5	38.3
In sixth decile	1,990	1,000	990	11.5	12.0	11.1
In seventh decile	1,880	925	955	10.9	11.1	10.7
In eighth decile	1,410	695	710	8.2	8.4	7.9
In ninth decile	1,115	570	545	6.5	6.9	6.1
In top decile	485	255	230	2.8	3.1	2.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,255	...	...	17,255	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.271	...	...	0.271	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.405	...	...	0.405	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.236	...	...	0.236	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	17,275	8,325	8,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	460	215	250	2.7	2.6	2.8
French only	6,965	3,080	3,890	40.3	37.0	43.4
English and French	9,840	5,025	4,810	57.0	60.4	53.7
Neither English nor French	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	17,275	8,325	8,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,340	645	690	7.8	7.7	7.7
French	15,740	7,585	8,155	91.1	91.1	91.1
English and French	185	85	100	1.1	1.0	1.1
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	17,275	8,325	8,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,805	8,090	8,720	97.3	97.2	97.4
Official languages	16,555	7,975	8,580	95.8	95.8	95.8
English	1,205	580	630	7.0	7.0	7.0
French	15,350	7,400	7,955	88.9	88.9	88.8
Non-official languages	250	115	135	1.4	1.4	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	250	115	135	1.4	1.4	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	60	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	50	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	470	230	240	2.7	2.8	2.7
English and French	430	215	215	2.5	2.6	2.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	17,275	8,325	8,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	930	445	490	5.4	5.3	5.5
French	14,590	7,000	7,585	84.5	84.1	84.7
Non-official language	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	1,495	750	740	8.7	9.0	8.3
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	95	50	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	90	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	17,275	8,325	8,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,840	8,120	8,720	97.5	97.5	97.4
Official languages	16,750	8,075	8,675	97.0	97.0	96.9
English	1,220	580	635	7.1	7.0	7.1
French	15,535	7,495	8,040	89.9	90.0	89.8
Non-official languages	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	435	200	235	2.5	2.4	2.6
English and French	385	180	205	2.2	2.2	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	17,275	8,320	8,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,975	7,655	8,315	92.5	92.0	92.9
English	875	455	420	5.1	5.5	4.7
French	280	135	150	1.6	1.6	1.7
Non-official language	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,150	8,235	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,140	8,230	8,910	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	10,145	5,175	4,970	59.2	62.8	55.7
French	16,790	8,095	8,695	97.9	98.3	97.5
Non-official languages	685	280	405	4.0	3.4	4.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	675	280	400	3.9	3.4	4.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Haitian Creole	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	440	175	265	2.6	2.1	3.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	30	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	370	140	225	2.2	1.7	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	40	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	330	130	200	1.9	1.6	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,150	8,235	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	930	435	495	5.4	5.3	5.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	875	420	460	5.1	5.1	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	575	290	280	3.4	3.5	3.1
Métis	305	125	175	1.8	1.5	2.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	40	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	16,220	7,800	8,420	94.6	94.7	94.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,150	8,235	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	120	60	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,030	8,180	8,850	99.3	99.3	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,875	...	...	63.1	...	...
Renter	2,850	...	...	36.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	475	...	...	6.1	...	...
Not condominium	7,250	...	...	93.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	755	...	...	9.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,685	...	...	34.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,865	...	...	37.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,385	...	...	17.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,100	...	...	27.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,385	...	...	17.9	...	...
6 rooms	1,230	...	...	15.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,070	...	...	13.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,935	...	...	25.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,670	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,475	...	...	96.8	...	...
Not suitable	245	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,555	...	...	20.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,690	...	...	21.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,270	...	...	16.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,465	...	...	19.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	240	...	...	3.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	465	...	...	6.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	505	...	...	6.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	535	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,215	...	...	93.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	510	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,210	...	...	54.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,340	...	...	43.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	170	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	220	...	...	2.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,265	...	...	16.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,290	...	...	16.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,250	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,605	...	...	20.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,210	...	...	15.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	665	...	...	8.6	...	...
85 years and over	220	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,400	...	...	82.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,320	...	...	17.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,225	...	...	15.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,945	...	...	25.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,220	...	...	15.8	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...	2.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	405	...	...	5.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,780	...	...	74.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	565	...	...	7.4	...	...
Not in core need	7,055	...	...	92.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,875	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.2	...	...	72.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.1	...	...	10.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,088	...	...	1,088	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	272,400	...	...	272,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,850	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.0	...	...	29.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	927	...	...	927	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,150	8,240	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	730	330	395	4.3	4.0	4.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	730	330	395	4.3	4.0	4.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	560	265	295	3.3	3.2	3.3
Métis single ancestry	160	60	100	0.9	0.7	1.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	785	330	455	4.6	4.0	5.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	765	325	445	4.5	3.9	5.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	695	280	415	4.1	3.4	4.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	15,640	7,575	8,065	91.2	91.9	90.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,155	8,235	8,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,000	8,155	8,840	99.1	99.0	99.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,645	1,810	1,835	21.2	22.0	20.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,350	6,345	7,005	77.8	77.0	78.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	150	75	75	0.9	0.9	0.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,155	8,235	8,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	16,695	8,030	8,665	97.3	97.5	97.3
Immigrants⁸¹	415	180	235	2.4	2.2	2.6
Before 1980	50	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
1980 to 1990	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
2001 to 2010	170	85	85	1.0	1.0	1.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	50	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
2011 to 2015	70	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
2016 to 2021	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	415	180	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	30	15	15	7.2	8.3	6.4
5 to 14 years	95	55	45	22.9	30.6	19.1
15 to 24 years	65	15	50	15.7	8.3	21.3
25 to 44 years	200	85	115	48.2	47.2	48.9
45 years and over	25	15	10	6.0	8.3	4.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	415	180	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	115	45	70	27.7	25.0	29.8
Brazil	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	15	10	6.0	8.3	4.3
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	20	0	15	4.8	0.0	6.4
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	15	0	10	3.6	0.0	4.3
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	15	6.0	5.6	6.4
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	15	4.8	5.6	6.4
Europe	95	35	60	22.9	19.4	25.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	25	20	10	6.0	11.1	4.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	20	6.0	5.6	8.5
Africa	155	85	75	37.3	47.2	31.9
Algeria	15	10	0	3.6	5.6	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	20	15	8.4	11.1	6.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	20	0	4.8	11.1	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	30	45	19.3	16.7	19.1
Asia	55	15	35	13.3	8.3	14.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	15	3.6	0.0	6.4
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	15	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	10	25.0	0.0	33.3
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	10	0	50.0	66.7	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	10	0	0	25.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	25.0	0.0	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,150	8,235	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	530	235	300	3.1	2.9	3.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	540	255	285	3.1	3.1	3.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	16,080	7,750	8,330	93.8	94.1	93.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	370	170	200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	130	70	60	35.1	41.2	30.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	30	35	17.6	17.6	17.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	35	25	16.2	20.6	12.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	145	50	95	39.2	29.4	47.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	50	40	24.3	29.4	20.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	370	170	200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	6.8	5.9	7.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	0	10	4.1	0.0	5.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	0	15	5.4	0.0	7.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	310	155	160	83.8	91.2	80.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,150	8,235	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	605	265	345	3.5	3.2	3.9
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	315	130	185	1.8	1.6	2.1
Filipino	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arab	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latin American	95	45	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	16,545	7,975	8,575	96.5	96.8	96.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,150	8,235	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	7,310	3,560	3,750	42.6	43.2	42.1
English	385	185	200	2.2	2.2	2.2
Irish	1,220	580	645	7.1	7.0	7.2
Scottish	635	315	320	3.7	3.8	3.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,715	1,805	1,915	21.7	21.9	21.5
German	300	125	175	1.7	1.5	2.0
Chinese	50	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italian	130	55	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Dutch	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Polish	65	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Québécois	1,745	855	895	10.2	10.4	10.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Filipino	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
French Canadian	1,245	605	635	7.3	7.3	7.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	675	330	345	3.9	4.0	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	625	285	345	3.6	3.5	3.9
Métis	245	105	130	1.4	1.3	1.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	260	135	125	1.5	1.6	1.4
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Welsh	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	60	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
American	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Spanish	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Swedish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Acadian	135	55	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Greek	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lebanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	305	150	165	1.8	1.8	1.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	140	55	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	95	35	60	0.6	0.4	0.7
Haitian	50	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Moroccan	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	90	35	60	0.5	0.4	0.7
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	280	95	190	1.6	1.2	2.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	80	25	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,150	8,235	8,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	11,835	5,470	6,370	69.0	66.4	71.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,015	465	550	5.9	5.6	6.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baptist	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catholic	10,435	4,810	5,620	60.8	58.4	63.0
Christian Orthodox	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Presbyterian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	70	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	80	50	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	5,175	2,700	2,475	30.2	32.8	27.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	16,915	8,120	8,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,650	7,030	7,625	86.6	86.6	86.7
Movers	2,260	1,090	1,170	13.4	13.4	13.3
Non-migrants	1,770	870	900	10.5	10.7	10.2
Migrants	490	225	265	2.9	2.8	3.0
Internal migrants	485	220	260	2.9	2.7	3.0
Intraprovincial migrants	415	180	235	2.5	2.2	2.7
Interprovincial migrants	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
External migrants	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	16,095	7,715	8,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,955	4,455	4,500	55.6	57.7	53.7
Movers	7,140	3,265	3,875	44.4	42.3	46.3
Non-migrants	4,645	2,065	2,580	28.9	26.8	30.8
Migrants	2,485	1,190	1,295	15.4	15.4	15.5
Internal migrants	2,455	1,170	1,285	15.3	15.2	15.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,160	995	1,165	13.4	12.9	13.9
Interprovincial migrants	295	175	125	1.8	2.3	1.5
External migrants	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,980	6,635	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,945	2,180	1,765	28.2	32.9	24.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,035	4,455	5,580	71.8	67.1	76.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,155	4,320	4,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,115	1,275	845	23.1	29.5	17.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,035	3,050	3,990	76.8	70.6	82.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,980	6,635	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,385	1,840	1,540	24.2	27.7	21.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,505	1,550	1,955	25.1	23.4	26.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,095	3,245	3,850	50.8	48.9	52.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,550	2,635	2,915	39.7	39.7	39.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,880	1,610	1,270	20.6	24.3	17.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,975	935	1,040	14.1	14.1	14.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	905	675	230	6.5	10.2	3.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,325	910	1,410	16.6	13.7	19.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	115	235	2.5	1.7	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,545	605	935	11.1	9.1	12.7
Bachelor's degree	1,090	380	705	7.8	5.7	9.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	60	90	1.1	0.9	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	250	130	120	1.8	2.0	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	20	10	0.1	0.3	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,155	4,320	4,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,695	1,010	685	18.5	23.4	14.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,975	900	1,080	21.6	20.8	22.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,480	2,415	3,070	59.9	55.9	63.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,290	1,990	2,300	46.9	46.1	47.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,270	1,220	1,045	24.8	28.2	21.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,565	690	880	17.1	16.0	18.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	705	535	170	7.7	12.4	3.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,785	695	1,090	19.5	16.1	22.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	70	165	2.6	1.6	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,195	425	770	13.1	9.8	15.9
Bachelor's degree	860	270	585	9.4	6.3	12.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	45	70	1.3	1.0	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	190	85	105	2.1	2.0	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,980	6,635	7,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,880	3,395	3,495	49.2	51.2	47.6
Education	640	145	495	4.6	2.2	6.7
13. Education	640	145	495	4.6	2.2	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	80	85	1.1	1.2	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	130	55	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
Humanities	275	110	160	2.0	1.7	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	55	85	1.0	0.8	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	605	150	450	4.3	2.3	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165	10	150	1.2	0.2	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	95	20	75	0.7	0.3	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	95	20	75	0.7	0.3	1.0
45. Social sciences	180	70	105	1.3	1.1	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,695	460	1,230	12.1	6.9	16.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	15	55	0.5	0.2	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,620	445	1,180	11.6	6.7	16.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	55	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	10	0.1	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	280	195	85	2.0	2.9	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	175	50	1.7	2.6	0.7
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,560	1,455	100	11.2	21.9	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	80	75	10	0.6	1.1	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	275	235	40	2.0	3.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	540	515	25	3.9	7.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	395	390	0	2.8	5.9	0.0
48. Precision production	225	225	0	1.6	3.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	180	110	75	1.3	1.7	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	35	65	0.7	0.5	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	75	10	0.6	1.1	0.1
Health and related fields	950	160	795	6.8	2.4	10.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	915	155	760	6.5	2.3	10.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	660	330	330	4.7	5.0	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	425	155	270	3.0	2.3	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	145	90	50	1.0	1.4	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	80	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,155	4,320	4,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,670	1,910	1,765	40.1	44.2	36.5
Education	440	85	350	4.8	2.0	7.2
13. Education	440	85	350	4.8	2.0	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	55	75	1.4	1.3	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	100	40	60	1.1	0.9	1.2
Humanities	175	65	110	1.9	1.5	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	500	120	380	5.5	2.8	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	15	125	1.5	0.3	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	65	15	50	0.7	0.3	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	85	0	75	0.9	0.0	1.6
45. Social sciences	145	50	95	1.6	1.2	2.0
Business, management and public administration	1,335	315	1,015	14.6	7.3	21.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	50	0.7	0.3	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,265	300	970	13.8	6.9	20.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	45	25	0.7	1.0	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	155	60	2.3	3.6	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	145	35	2.0	3.4	0.7
25. Library science	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,200	1,105	95	13.1	25.6	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
14. Engineering	60	50	10	0.7	1.2	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	205	175	30	2.2	4.1	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	445	420	25	4.9	9.7	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	310	0	3.4	7.2	0.0
48. Precision production	130	130	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	90	60	1.6	2.1	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	35	55	0.9	0.8	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	60	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Health and related fields	760	120	640	8.3	2.8	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	730	120	610	8.0	2.8	12.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	520	255	265	5.7	5.9	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	340	115	225	3.7	2.7	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	105	75	30	1.1	1.7	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	70	0	0.9	1.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,155	4,320	4,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,670	1,910	1,765	40.1	44.2	36.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,480	2,410	3,070	59.9	55.8	63.5
Location of study inside Canada	5,355	2,350	3,005	58.5	54.4	62.2
Same as province or territory of residence	4,345	1,900	2,445	47.5	44.0	50.6
Different than province or territory of residence	1,015	450	560	11.1	10.4	11.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	125	60	65	1.4	1.4	1.3
Americas	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
United States of America	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Belgium	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,980	6,635	7,345	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,740	4,460	4,280	...	...	...
Employed	8,100	4,160	3,940	...	...	...
Unemployed	640	295	345	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,240	2,180	3,060	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.5	67.2	58.3	62.5	67.2	58.3
Employment rate	57.9	62.7	53.6	57.9	62.7	53.6
Unemployment rate	7.3	6.6	8.1	7.3	6.6	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,980	6,635	7,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,225	2,210	3,010	37.4	33.3	41.0
Worked	8,760	4,430	4,330	62.7	66.8	59.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,170	2,675	2,500	37.0	40.3	34.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,585	1,755	1,830	25.6	26.5	24.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.2	42.6	42.9	43.2	42.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,735	4,460	4,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	165	80	85	1.9	1.8	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,570	4,380	4,195	98.1	98.2	98.0
Employee	7,835	3,940	3,895	89.7	88.3	91.0
Permanent position	6,595	3,375	3,215	75.5	75.7	75.1
Temporary position	1,245	565	675	14.3	12.7	15.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	470	180	290	5.4	4.0	6.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	770	385	385	8.8	8.6	9.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	740	440	300	8.5	9.9	7.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,735	4,460	4,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	165	80	85	1.9	1.8	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,570	4,380	4,195	98.1	98.2	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	35	15	0.6	0.8	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,805	435	1,375	20.7	9.8	32.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	435	330	110	5.0	7.4	2.6
3 Health occupations	655	160	495	7.5	3.6	11.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,130	270	860	12.9	6.1	20.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	55	100	1.8	1.2	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	2,095	1,030	1,070	24.0	23.1	25.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,870	1,770	100	21.4	39.7	2.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	135	105	30	1.5	2.4	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	245	205	40	2.8	4.6	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,735	4,460	4,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	165	80	85	1.9	1.8	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	8,570	4,380	4,195	98.1	98.2	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	70	50	1.4	1.6	1.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
22 Utilities	65	55	10	0.7	1.2	0.2
23 Construction	1,075	985	90	12.3	22.1	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	530	420	110	6.1	9.4	2.6
41 Wholesale trade	115	95	20	1.3	2.1	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,070	575	495	12.2	12.9	11.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	255	205	55	2.9	4.6	1.3
51 Information and cultural industries	85	55	35	1.0	1.2	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	150	40	110	1.7	0.9	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	110	60	50	1.3	1.3	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	295	135	155	3.4	3.0	3.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	390	230	160	4.5	5.2	3.7
61 Educational services	590	135	455	6.8	3.0	10.6
62 Health care and social assistance	1,330	330	1,000	15.2	7.4	23.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	85	50	1.5	1.9	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	405	175	235	4.6	3.9	5.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	395	195	205	4.5	4.4	4.8
91 Public administration	1,415	515	895	16.2	11.5	20.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,235	4,685	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	640	355	280	6.9	7.6	6.1
French	5,400	2,675	2,725	58.5	57.1	59.8
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,170	1,640	1,530	34.3	35.0	33.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,235	4,685	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,805	4,450	4,355	95.3	95.0	95.6
Official languages	8,805	4,450	4,355	95.3	95.0	95.6
English	1,405	745	660	15.2	15.9	14.5
French	7,405	3,710	3,695	80.2	79.2	81.1
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	435	240	195	4.7	5.1	4.3
English and French	425	235	190	4.6	5.0	4.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,235	4,685	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,470	3,265	3,200	70.1	69.7	70.3
English	1,995	1,030	965	21.6	22.0	21.2
French	750	375	375	8.1	8.0	8.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,100	4,160	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,560	550	1,010	19.3	13.2	25.6
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,365	1,100	265	16.9	26.4	6.7
Usual place of work	5,170	2,510	2,665	63.8	60.3	67.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,170	2,510	2,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,070	1,915	2,155	78.7	76.3	80.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	585	320	270	11.3	12.7	10.1
Commute to a different province or territory	505	275	235	9.8	11.0	8.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,535	3,610	2,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,850	3,300	2,555	89.5	91.4	87.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,485	3,095	2,395	83.9	85.7	81.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	365	205	160	5.6	5.7	5.5
Public transit	280	135	140	4.3	3.7	4.8
Walked	245	100	145	3.7	2.8	4.9
Bicycle	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other method	150	65	85	2.3	1.8	2.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,535	3,610	2,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,060	960	1,100	31.5	26.6	37.5
15 to 29 minutes	1,685	905	780	25.8	25.1	26.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,765	1,075	690	27.0	29.8	23.5
45 to 59 minutes	570	380	190	8.7	10.5	6.5
60 minutes and over	460	290	170	7.0	8.0	5.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,535	3,610	2,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	935	760	170	14.3	21.1	5.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,645	1,030	620	25.2	28.5	21.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,850	810	1,045	28.3	22.4	35.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	870	345	525	13.3	9.6	17.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	440	195	240	6.7	5.4	8.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	795	470	330	12.2	13.0	11.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,755	1,905	1,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	495	240	250	13.2	12.6	13.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,260	1,665	1,600	86.8	87.4	86.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,635	1,350	1,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	375	180	190	14.2	13.3	14.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	250	125	125	9.5	9.3	9.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	55	75	4.9	4.1	5.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,265	1,170	1,095	86.0	86.7	85.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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