Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Boucherville, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	41,743	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	41,671	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.2	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	17,733	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	17,291	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	587.8	...	...	587.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	71.02	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	41,745	20,090	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,510	3,330	3,180	15.6	16.6	14.7
0 to 4 years	1,705	895	815	4.1	4.5	3.8
5 to 9 years	2,175	1,135	1,040	5.2	5.6	4.8
10 to 14 years	2,625	1,300	1,325	6.3	6.5	6.1
15 to 64 years	24,850	12,115	12,740	59.5	60.3	58.8
15 to 19 years	2,615	1,355	1,265	6.3	6.7	5.8
20 to 24 years	1,880	980	895	4.5	4.9	4.1
25 to 29 years	1,370	715	655	3.3	3.6	3.0
30 to 34 years	1,700	825	875	4.1	4.1	4.0
35 to 39 years	2,165	1,015	1,145	5.2	5.1	5.3
40 to 44 years	2,755	1,310	1,450	6.6	6.5	6.7
45 to 49 years	2,945	1,395	1,555	7.1	6.9	7.2
50 to 54 years	2,920	1,430	1,485	7.0	7.1	6.9
55 to 59 years	3,285	1,575	1,705	7.9	7.8	7.9
60 to 64 years	3,220	1,515	1,705	7.7	7.5	7.9
65 years and over	10,385	4,650	5,735	24.9	23.1	26.5
65 to 69 years	2,990	1,375	1,615	7.2	6.8	7.5
70 to 74 years	2,635	1,205	1,435	6.3	6.0	6.6
75 to 79 years	2,240	1,020	1,220	5.4	5.1	5.6
80 to 84 years	1,410	635	770	3.4	3.2	3.6
85 years and over	1,110	415	695	2.7	2.1	3.2
85 to 89 years	750	315	435	1.8	1.6	2.0
90 to 94 years	310	85	220	0.7	0.4	1.0
95 to 99 years	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	16.6	14.7	15.6	16.6	14.7
15 to 64 years	59.5	60.3	58.8	59.5	60.3	58.8
65 years and over	24.9	23.1	26.5	24.9	23.1	26.5
85 years and over	2.7	2.1	3.2	2.7	2.1	3.2
Average age of the population	45.4	44.2	46.6	45.4	44.2	46.6
Median age of the population	48.0	46.8	49.2	48.0	46.8	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,215	...	...	59.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,345	...	...	7.8	...	...
Row house	810	...	...	4.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	225	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,395	...	...	25.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	290	...	...	1.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,565	...	...	26.4	...	...
2 persons	6,705	...	...	38.8	...	...
3 persons	2,460	...	...	14.2	...	...
4 persons	2,540	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,010	...	...	5.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	40,875	19,850	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	35,235	16,765	18,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	22,175	11,090	11,090	62.9	66.1	60.0
Married	13,250	6,615	6,635	37.6	39.5	35.9
Living common-law	8,925	4,470	4,460	25.3	26.7	24.1
Living common law - Never married	6,790	3,370	3,420	19.3	20.1	18.5
Living common law - Separated	85	45	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,860	965	895	5.3	5.8	4.8
Living common law - Widowed	190	90	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	13,055	5,675	7,385	37.1	33.9	40.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	8,695	4,435	4,255	24.7	26.5	23.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	375	135	235	1.1	0.8	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,120	695	1,425	6.0	4.1	7.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,875	410	1,465	5.3	2.4	7.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	12,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,730	...	...	53.7	...	...
3 persons	2,430	...	...	19.4	...	...
4 persons	2,525	...	...	20.1	...	...
5 or more persons	865	...	...	6.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	12,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	10,900	...	...	86.9	...	...
Married couples	6,435	...	...	51.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,730	...	...	21.8	...	...
Without children	3,705	...	...	29.5	...	...
Common-law couples	4,465	...	...	35.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,425	...	...	19.3	...	...
Without children	2,040	...	...	16.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,640	...	...	13.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,160	...	...	9.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	480	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	40,875	19,845	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	35,350	17,660	17,685	86.5	89.0	84.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	21,800	10,905	10,895	53.3	55.0	51.8
Parents in one-parent families	1,645	480	1,160	4.0	2.4	5.5
Children⁶	11,900	6,275	5,625	29.1	31.6	26.7
In a two-parent family	9,470	4,955	4,520	23.2	25.0	21.5
In a one-parent family	2,435	1,325	1,110	6.0	6.7	5.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,535	2,190	3,345	13.5	11.0	15.9
Living alone	4,570	1,720	2,845	11.2	8.7	13.5
Living with other relatives⁷	470	170	295	1.1	0.9	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	495	295	200	1.2	1.5	1.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	17,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	12,010	...	...	69.4	...	...
Couple-family households	10,495	...	...	60.7	...	...
With children⁶	4,950	...	...	28.6	...	...
Without children	5,545	...	...	32.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,515	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	200	...	...	1.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	195	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	285	...	...	1.6	...	...
One-person households	4,570	...	...	26.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	34,370	16,520	17,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,585	16,150	17,435	97.7	97.8	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,400	64,000	47,600	54,400	64,000	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,595	16,155	17,440	97.7	97.8	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	52,800	40,800	46,000	52,800	40,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	32,160	15,600	16,560	93.6	94.4	92.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	57,600	38,000	46,400	57,600	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,515	12,475	12,040	71.3	75.5	67.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	56,800	44,000	49,600	56,800	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,895	10,720	14,175	72.4	64.9	79.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,200	11,100	11,200	11,200	11,100	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,320	1,035	1,285	6.8	6.3	7.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	5,160	6,280	5,880	5,160	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,255	3,705	3,555	21.1	22.4	19.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	34,370	16,520	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,615	16,180	17,445	97.8	97.9	97.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	73,200	89,400	58,100	73,200	89,400	58,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,640	16,185	17,455	97.9	98.0	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	65,700	46,280	55,600	65,700	46,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	32,170	15,575	16,590	93.6	94.3	92.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	67,400	84,900	50,920	67,400	84,900	50,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,515	12,515	12,000	71.3	75.8	67.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,200	81,300	54,550	68,200	81,300	54,550
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,990	10,820	14,165	72.7	65.5	79.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,730	11,510	11,900	11,730	11,510	11,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,425	1,125	1,300	7.1	6.8	7.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,530	5,580	11,100	8,530	5,580	11,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,255	3,780	3,470	21.1	22.9	19.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,560	7,970	7,750	7,560	7,970
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	34,370	16,520	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,660	6,650	6,015	36.8	40.3	33.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	84,000	92,000	75,500	84,000	92,000	75,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	104,000	122,400	83,600	104,000	122,400	83,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,990	4,295	4,700	26.2	26.0	26.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	19,200	16,400	17,600	19,200	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,840	42,480	29,800	35,840	42,480	29,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.0	91.4	83.4	88.0	91.4	83.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.0	70.4	64.6	68.0	70.4	64.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.9	8.6	16.6	11.9	8.6	16.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.4	1.4	0.8	0.4	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.7	2.2	3.3	2.7	2.2	3.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.3	2.0	2.7	2.3	2.0	2.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	34,370	16,515	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	785	365	415	2.3	2.2	2.3
With total income	33,590	16,155	17,440	97.7	97.8	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,130	945	1,180	6.3	5.8	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	3,195	1,200	1,995	9.5	7.4	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	3,720	1,415	2,310	11.1	8.8	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	3,070	1,255	1,815	9.1	7.8	10.4
$40,000 to $49,999	3,270	1,425	1,850	9.7	8.8	10.6
$50,000 to $59,999	3,030	1,345	1,680	9.0	8.3	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	2,515	1,235	1,285	7.5	7.6	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	2,240	1,130	1,110	6.7	7.0	6.4
$80,000 to $89,999	2,160	1,095	1,070	6.4	6.8	6.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,655	890	765	4.9	5.5	4.4
$100,000 and over	6,595	4,225	2,370	19.6	26.2	13.6
$100,000 to $149,999	4,030	2,410	1,615	12.0	14.9	9.3
$150,000 and over	2,565	1,815	755	7.6	11.2	4.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	34,370	16,515	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	775	365	410	2.3	2.2	2.3
With after-tax income	33,600	16,155	17,445	97.8	97.8	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,450	1,000	1,450	7.3	6.2	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	3,455	1,285	2,175	10.3	8.0	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	4,295	1,690	2,605	12.8	10.5	14.9
$30,000 to $39,999	4,045	1,755	2,295	12.0	10.9	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	4,140	1,840	2,295	12.3	11.4	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	3,515	1,790	1,725	10.5	11.1	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	3,100	1,545	1,555	9.2	9.6	8.9
$70,000 to $79,999	2,425	1,305	1,115	7.2	8.1	6.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,670	975	690	5.0	6.0	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,205	715	485	3.6	4.4	2.8
$100,000 and over	3,305	2,255	1,050	9.8	14.0	6.0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,490	950	535	4.4	5.9	3.1
$125,000 and over	1,815	1,310	510	5.4	8.1	2.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	34,370	16,515	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	9,855	4,045	5,810	28.7	24.5	32.5
With employment income	24,515	12,475	12,040	71.3	75.5	67.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,640	1,945	1,695	14.8	15.6	14.1
$5,000 to $9,999	1,835	855	975	7.5	6.9	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,330	1,025	1,310	9.5	8.2	10.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,510	655	860	6.2	5.3	7.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,430	625	810	5.8	5.0	6.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,555	680	880	6.3	5.5	7.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,535	700	830	6.3	5.6	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,440	645	795	5.9	5.2	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,440	695	745	5.9	5.6	6.2
$80,000 to $89,999	1,535	735	800	6.3	5.9	6.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,095	580	520	4.5	4.6	4.3
$100,000 and over	5,165	3,330	1,835	21.1	26.7	15.2
$100,000 to $124,999	2,040	1,210	835	8.3	9.7	6.9
$125,000 and over	3,120	2,125	1,000	12.7	17.0	8.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	34,370	16,520	17,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,940	15,785	17,155	95.8	95.6	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,400	64,500	46,800	54,400	64,500	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,965	15,795	17,170	95.9	95.6	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	52,800	40,000	45,600	52,800	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,630	15,345	16,285	92.0	92.9	91.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	59,600	39,600	48,400	59,600	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,530	12,430	12,100	71.4	75.2	67.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	59,200	45,200	51,200	59,200	45,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,420	9,405	13,015	65.2	56.9	72.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	7,900	8,900	8,600	7,900	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,225	1,060	1,160	6.5	6.4	6.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	4,240	7,750	5,200	4,240	7,750
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	34,370	16,520	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,980	15,835	17,145	96.0	95.9	96.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	71,100	87,300	56,200	71,100	87,300	56,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	33,010	15,845	17,165	96.0	95.9	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,900	64,100	44,480	53,900	64,100	44,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,675	15,360	16,310	92.2	93.0	91.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,300	84,300	51,250	67,300	84,300	51,250
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,610	12,520	12,090	71.6	75.8	67.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,800	81,000	54,200	67,800	81,000	54,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,475	9,455	13,015	65.4	57.2	72.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,530	9,170	9,790	9,530	9,170	9,790
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,080	1,180	6.6	6.5	6.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,270	4,840	11,400	8,270	4,840	11,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	34,370	16,520	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,565	6,580	5,985	36.6	39.8	33.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	80,000	91,000	70,500	80,000	91,000	70,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	98,800	117,500	78,300	98,800	117,500	78,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,410	4,010	4,390	24.5	24.3	24.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	25,400	21,800	23,200	25,400	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,360	51,120	36,240	43,360	51,120	36,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.8	93.8	86.8	90.8	93.8	86.8
Employment income (%)	71.2	73.4	68.0	71.2	73.4	68.0
Government transfers (%)	9.1	6.3	13.2	9.1	6.3	13.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.4	1.4	0.8	0.4	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	17,290	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,570	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	12,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	17,290	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	142,200	...	...	142,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,200	...	...	108,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,570	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	62,200	...	...	62,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,840	...	...	49,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	12,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	171,000	...	...	171,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,200	...	...	129,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	430	...	...	2.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	360	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	400	...	...	2.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	485	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	490	...	...	2.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,005	...	...	5.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,000	...	...	5.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,025	...	...	5.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,000	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	975	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,520	...	...	55.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,050	...	...	11.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,760	...	...	10.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,485	...	...	14.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,225	...	...	18.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	465	...	...	2.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	445	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	440	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	605	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	620	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	630	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,300	...	...	7.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,270	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,310	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,085	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,550	...	...	43.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,315	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,700	...	...	9.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,530	...	...	20.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	12,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,170	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	182,000	...	...	182,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,065	2,020	3,045	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,200	56,800	48,000	51,200	56,800	48,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	46,800	41,200	43,200	46,800	41,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	12,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,600	...	...	129,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	140,800	...	...	140,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,600	...	...	107,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	222,000	...	...	222,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	165,400	...	...	165,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,575	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	120,300	...	...	120,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,800	...	...	91,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,130	2,075	3,055	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	60,000	65,500	56,250	60,000	65,500	56,250
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,280	51,800	45,880	48,280	51,800	45,880
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	40,875	19,850	21,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,110	4,175	3,930	19.8	21.0	18.7
0 to 5 years	2,115	1,115	1,000	5.2	5.6	4.8
18 to 64 years	23,245	11,265	11,980	56.9	56.8	57.0
65 years and over	9,525	4,410	5,115	23.3	22.2	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,735	700	1,035	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	250	120	130	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	770	365	405	...	...	...
65 years and over	715	215	505	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.3	3.5	4.9	4.3	3.5	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	2.9	3.4	3.1	2.9	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	3.4	2.6	3.0	3.4	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.4
65 years and over (%)	7.5	4.9	9.8	7.5	4.9	9.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	40,875	19,845	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,105	4,175	3,935	19.8	21.0	18.7
0 to 5 years	2,115	1,110	1,005	5.2	5.6	4.8
18 to 64 years	23,245	11,265	11,985	56.9	56.8	57.0
65 years and over	9,525	4,410	5,115	23.3	22.2	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	875	410	470	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	65	65	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	20	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	520	265	260	...	...	...
65 years and over	225	75	145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.8	0.5	1.2	1.8	0.5
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.1
65 years and over (%)	2.3	1.8	2.8	2.3	1.8	2.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	40,875	19,850	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,410	5,645	6,765	30.4	28.4	32.2
In bottom decile	1,450	620	830	3.5	3.1	3.9
In second decile	1,800	765	1,035	4.4	3.9	4.9
In third decile	2,570	1,160	1,415	6.3	5.8	6.7
In fourth decile	2,970	1,360	1,610	7.3	6.9	7.7
In fifth decile	3,615	1,740	1,875	8.8	8.8	8.9
In top half of the distribution	28,470	14,205	14,265	69.7	71.6	67.8
In sixth decile	4,165	2,020	2,145	10.2	10.2	10.2
In seventh decile	4,780	2,365	2,420	11.7	11.9	11.5
In eighth decile	5,570	2,785	2,785	13.6	14.0	13.2
In ninth decile	6,310	3,170	3,140	15.4	16.0	14.9
In top decile	7,635	3,865	3,775	18.7	19.5	18.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	40,880	...	...	40,880	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.347	...	...	0.347	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.420	...	...	0.420	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.291	...	...	0.291	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	41,145	19,915	21,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	340	170	175	0.8	0.9	0.8
French only	15,215	6,535	8,680	37.0	32.8	40.9
English and French	25,445	13,140	12,305	61.8	66.0	58.0
Neither English nor French	145	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	41,145	19,915	21,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,635	830	800	4.0	4.2	3.8
French	38,390	18,525	19,860	93.3	93.0	93.5
English and French	985	495	490	2.4	2.5	2.3
Neither English nor French	135	70	75	0.3	0.4	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	41,145	19,915	21,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	40,205	19,455	20,750	97.7	97.7	97.7
Official languages	37,220	18,005	19,210	90.5	90.4	90.5
English	1,000	525	480	2.4	2.6	2.3
French	36,215	17,480	18,735	88.0	87.8	88.2
Non-official languages	2,990	1,450	1,540	7.3	7.3	7.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,990	1,450	1,540	7.3	7.3	7.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	255	195	1.1	1.3	0.9
Berber languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	400	225	175	1.0	1.1	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	395	225	175	1.0	1.1	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,975	965	1,015	4.8	4.8	4.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	275	120	155	0.7	0.6	0.7
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	270	115	150	0.7	0.6	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	140	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	75	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	135	60	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	135	60	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Dari	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,445	715	730	3.5	3.6	3.4
Catalan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	300	165	130	0.7	0.8	0.6
Portuguese	255	120	130	0.6	0.6	0.6
Romanian	115	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	770	370	405	1.9	1.9	1.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	105	135	0.6	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	240	105	135	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	200	95	110	0.5	0.5	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	935	465	475	2.3	2.3	2.2
English and French	495	250	245	1.2	1.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	290	140	150	0.7	0.7	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	41,145	19,915	21,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	695	365	330	1.7	1.8	1.6
French	34,960	16,870	18,090	85.0	84.7	85.2
Non-official language	800	390	405	1.9	2.0	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	795	395	405	1.9	2.0	1.9
English and French	2,385	1,205	1,185	5.8	6.1	5.6
English and non-official language(s)	225	105	120	0.5	0.5	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	1,220	580	640	3.0	2.9	3.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	840	390	445	2.0	2.0	2.1
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	41,145	19,915	21,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	40,150	19,435	20,720	97.6	97.6	97.6
Official languages	38,655	18,710	19,955	93.9	93.9	94.0
English	1,265	645	620	3.1	3.2	2.9
French	37,395	18,060	19,335	90.9	90.7	91.1
Non-official languages	1,490	725	765	3.6	3.6	3.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,495	725	765	3.6	3.6	3.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	195	105	90	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	175	95	80	0.4	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	175	95	80	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	975	475	500	2.4	2.4	2.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	145	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dari	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian Persian	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	695	335	355	1.7	1.7	1.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	125	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	485	230	250	1.2	1.2	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	85	110	0.5	0.4	0.5
Chinese languages	195	85	110	0.5	0.4	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	185	85	100	0.4	0.4	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	990	485	510	2.4	2.4	2.4
English and French	490	235	250	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	335	165	165	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	100	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	41,145	19,915	21,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	37,265	18,025	19,240	90.6	90.5	90.6
English	1,750	875	870	4.3	4.4	4.1
French	745	370	375	1.8	1.9	1.8
Non-official language	710	330	375	1.7	1.7	1.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	710	330	375	1.7	1.7	1.8
English and French	190	100	90	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	280	125	155	0.7	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	140	65	80	0.3	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	40,875	19,850	21,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	40,715	19,785	20,930	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	25,730	13,325	12,405	62.9	67.1	59.0
French	40,385	19,645	20,740	98.8	99.0	98.6
Non-official languages	6,050	2,800	3,250	14.8	14.1	15.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,045	2,795	3,250	14.8	14.1	15.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	735	425	305	1.8	2.1	1.5
Berber languages	60	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	725	420	305	1.8	2.1	1.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	720	415	305	1.8	2.1	1.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	55	95	0.4	0.3	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	145	55	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	240	100	145	0.6	0.5	0.7
Haitian Creole	205	90	115	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	20	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,460	2,080	2,385	10.9	10.5	11.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	360	130	230	0.9	0.7	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	355	130	225	0.9	0.7	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	155	65	95	0.4	0.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	225	110	115	0.6	0.6	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	170	85	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
German	170	85	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	45	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	215	120	95	0.5	0.6	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	200	115	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	200	115	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
Dari	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian Persian	145	80	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,725	1,730	1,995	9.1	8.7	9.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	665	365	300	1.6	1.8	1.4
Portuguese	335	160	175	0.8	0.8	0.8
Romanian	115	55	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	2,775	1,240	1,535	6.8	6.2	7.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	115	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lingala	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	335	115	210	0.8	0.6	1.0
Chinese languages	335	115	210	0.8	0.6	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	315	115	195	0.8	0.6	0.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	40,875	19,850	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	320	160	155	0.8	0.8	0.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	280	140	140	0.7	0.7	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	185	95	95	0.5	0.5	0.5
Métis	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	40,555	19,685	20,875	99.2	99.2	99.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	40,875	19,850	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	110	65	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,770	19,785	20,985	99.7	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	14,520	...	...	84.0	...	...
Renter	2,770	...	...	16.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,795	...	...	21.9	...	...
Not condominium	13,495	...	...	78.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	920	...	...	5.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,405	...	...	25.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,385	...	...	36.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,555	...	...	32.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,110	...	...	18.0	...	...
5 rooms	2,165	...	...	12.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,715	...	...	9.9	...	...
7 rooms	2,365	...	...	13.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,935	...	...	45.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,265	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	17,145	...	...	99.2	...	...
Not suitable	145	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,660	...	...	9.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,815	...	...	39.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,790	...	...	16.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,165	...	...	12.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,310	...	...	7.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,250	...	...	7.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	800	...	...	4.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	505	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	16,460	...	...	95.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	825	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,215	...	...	47.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	8,845	...	...	51.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	225	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	85	...	...	0.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,260	...	...	7.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,645	...	...	15.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,410	...	...	19.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,890	...	...	22.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,385	...	...	19.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,115	...	...	12.2	...	...
85 years and over	505	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	17,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	15,415	...	...	89.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,855	...	...	10.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,735	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	17,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,720	...	...	15.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,760	...	...	10.2	...	...
Not suitable only	130	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	720	...	...	4.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	14,570	...	...	84.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	17,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	510	...	...	3.0	...	...
Not in core need	16,640	...	...	97.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,515	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.7	...	...	56.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,170	...	...	1,170	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,342	...	...	1,342	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	484,000	...	...	484,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	528,500	...	...	528,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,770	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.9	...	...	30.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.0	...	...	12.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,054	...	...	1,054	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	40,880	19,845	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	230	105	130	0.6	0.5	0.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	225	95	130	0.6	0.5	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	220	90	130	0.5	0.5	0.6
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	920	440	475	2.3	2.2	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	910	435	470	2.2	2.2	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	780	370	405	1.9	1.9	1.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	130	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	39,730	19,305	20,420	97.2	97.3	97.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	40,880	19,845	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	39,860	19,400	20,460	97.5	97.8	97.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,905	4,075	3,825	19.3	20.5	18.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	31,955	15,320	16,635	78.2	77.2	79.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,015	450	565	2.5	2.3	2.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	40,880	19,845	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	36,850	17,910	18,940	90.1	90.2	90.1
Immigrants⁸¹	3,835	1,845	1,985	9.4	9.3	9.4
Before 1980	710	370	340	1.7	1.9	1.6
1980 to 1990	280	155	130	0.7	0.8	0.6
1991 to 2000	515	240	275	1.3	1.2	1.3
2001 to 2010	1,145	560	580	2.8	2.8	2.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,180	515	665	2.9	2.6	3.2
2011 to 2015	605	285	320	1.5	1.4	1.5
2016 to 2021	580	230	350	1.4	1.2	1.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	190	95	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,835	1,845	1,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	430	190	240	11.2	10.3	12.1
5 to 14 years	565	285	280	14.7	15.4	14.1
15 to 24 years	680	325	355	17.7	17.6	17.8
25 to 44 years	1,935	940	995	50.5	50.9	50.0
45 years and over	230	110	120	6.0	6.0	6.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,835	1,845	1,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,080	495	590	28.2	26.8	29.6
Brazil	65	30	35	1.7	1.6	1.8
Colombia	170	75	95	4.4	4.1	4.8
El Salvador	20	10	0	0.5	0.5	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	175	80	100	4.6	4.3	5.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	80	35	45	2.1	1.9	2.3
Peru	190	85	110	5.0	4.6	5.5
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	75	40	35	2.0	2.2	1.8
Other places of birth in Americas	295	135	160	7.7	7.3	8.0
Europe	1,320	700	620	34.4	37.9	31.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	640	370	270	16.7	20.1	13.6
Germany	30	10	15	0.8	0.5	0.8
Greece	25	20	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	110	55	50	2.9	3.0	2.5
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	35	10	20	0.9	0.5	1.0
Portugal	90	45	40	2.3	2.4	2.0
Romania	65	25	45	1.7	1.4	2.3
Russian Federation	40	25	15	1.0	1.4	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0.8	0.5	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	25	10	0.9	1.4	0.5
Other places of birth in Europe	200	85	115	5.2	4.6	5.8
Africa	755	375	375	19.7	20.3	18.8
Algeria	190	100	90	5.0	5.4	4.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	10	20	0.8	0.5	1.0
Egypt	55	40	20	1.4	2.2	1.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	225	125	105	5.9	6.8	5.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	245	105	135	6.4	5.7	6.8
Asia	675	280	400	17.6	15.2	20.1
Afghanistan	30	15	15	0.8	0.8	0.8
Iran⁸⁸	110	65	50	2.9	3.5	2.5
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	70	50	25	1.8	2.7	1.3
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
China⁹⁰	205	70	135	5.3	3.8	6.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Taiwan	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
Philippines	25	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.3
Viet Nam	105	35	75	2.7	1.9	3.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	30	45	1.8	1.6	2.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	580	235	345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	110	55	60	19.0	23.4	17.4
Brazil	25	10	10	4.3	4.3	2.9
Colombia	15	15	0	2.6	6.4	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	20	30	8.6	8.5	8.7
Europe	165	80	85	28.4	34.0	24.6
France	100	60	40	17.2	25.5	11.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	2.6	0.0	2.9
Ukraine	15	10	0	2.6	4.3	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	5.2	4.3	5.8
Africa	130	40	85	22.4	17.0	24.6
Algeria	20	15	10	3.4	6.4	2.9
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	25	0	20	4.3	0.0	5.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	10	15	4.3	4.3	4.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	15	30	8.6	6.4	8.7
Asia	170	55	115	29.3	23.4	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	90	30	60	15.5	12.8	17.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	0	10	2.6	0.0	2.9
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	2.9
Lebanon	15	10	10	2.6	4.3	2.9
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	40,875	19,850	21,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,365	2,095	2,270	10.7	10.6	10.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,730	1,925	1,805	9.1	9.7	8.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	32,780	15,830	16,950	80.2	79.7	80.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,125	1,475	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,080	1,065	1,015	66.6	72.2	61.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,015	600	410	32.5	40.7	24.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,070	465	605	34.2	31.5	36.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	725	270	460	23.2	18.3	27.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	285	135	150	9.1	9.2	9.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	30	0	25	1.0	0.0	1.5
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,125	1,475	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	145	50	95	4.6	3.4	5.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	365	180	180	11.7	12.2	10.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	180	110	75	5.8	7.5	4.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	160	85	75	5.1	5.8	4.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	15	10	0.8	1.0	0.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,250	1,035	1,215	72.0	70.2	73.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	40,875	19,850	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,550	1,625	1,920	8.7	8.2	9.1
South Asian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese	480	165	320	1.2	0.8	1.5
Black	825	365	460	2.0	1.8	2.2
Filipino	40	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab	545	320	225	1.3	1.6	1.1
Latin American	955	440	515	2.3	2.2	2.4
Southeast Asian	295	120	170	0.7	0.6	0.8
West Asian	175	90	80	0.4	0.5	0.4
Korean	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	100	60	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	37,330	18,220	19,110	91.3	91.8	90.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	40,875	19,850	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	11,990	5,770	6,220	29.3	29.1	29.6
English	820	405	415	2.0	2.0	2.0
Irish	2,025	1,025	1,000	5.0	5.2	4.8
Scottish	820	375	450	2.0	1.9	2.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	14,305	7,045	7,260	35.0	35.5	34.5
German	640	290	355	1.6	1.5	1.7
Chinese	450	160	295	1.1	0.8	1.4
Italian	1,755	875	875	4.3	4.4	4.2
Indian (India)	90	35	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ukrainian	175	70	105	0.4	0.4	0.5
Dutch	110	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Polish	265	110	155	0.6	0.6	0.7
Québécois	4,395	2,165	2,235	10.8	10.9	10.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	155	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
French Canadian	3,565	1,715	1,850	8.7	8.6	8.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	585	270	315	1.4	1.4	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	660	310	350	1.6	1.6	1.7
Métis	150	80	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	545	245	295	1.3	1.2	1.4
Russian	115	40	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Norwegian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Welsh	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	335	170	165	0.8	0.9	0.8
American	155	55	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
Spanish	450	185	260	1.1	0.9	1.2
Swedish	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	90	35	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Acadian	490	245	245	1.2	1.2	1.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	170	75	95	0.4	0.4	0.5
Jewish	65	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	195	85	110	0.5	0.4	0.5
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	165	90	70	0.4	0.5	0.3
Greek	165	90	75	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	95	35	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	105	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Lebanese	215	130	85	0.5	0.7	0.4
Iranian	130	75	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	230	120	105	0.6	0.6	0.5
Danish	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	105	45	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belgian	405	190	210	1.0	1.0	1.0
Haitian	400	190	205	1.0	1.0	1.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	165	65	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	155	100	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Finnish	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Egyptian	120	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	145	80	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	240	90	145	0.6	0.5	0.7
Moroccan	260	150	115	0.6	0.8	0.5
Czech	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	50	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Turkish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	150	75	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Brazilian	135	75	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salvadorean	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	105	60	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Congolese	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	70	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peruvian	235	115	120	0.6	0.6	0.6
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber	70	45	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israeli	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	70	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	60	35	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	125	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	65	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Argentinian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dominican	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norman	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	40,875	19,850	21,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	120	30	90	0.3	0.2	0.4
Christian	28,690	13,530	15,160	70.2	68.2	72.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,160	1,065	1,100	5.3	5.4	5.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	40	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baptist	65	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catholic	25,625	12,065	13,560	62.7	60.8	64.5
Christian Orthodox	405	190	210	1.0	1.0	1.0
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latter Day Saints	45	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	215	80	140	0.5	0.4	0.7
Hindu	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	735	440	305	1.8	2.2	1.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	11,165	5,765	5,400	27.3	29.0	25.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	40,570	19,705	20,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	37,455	18,215	19,245	92.3	92.4	92.2
Movers	3,110	1,490	1,620	7.7	7.6	7.8
Non-migrants	1,240	610	635	3.1	3.1	3.0
Migrants	1,865	880	980	4.6	4.5	4.7
Internal migrants	1,770	840	935	4.4	4.3	4.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,750	830	920	4.3	4.2	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
External migrants	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	39,130	18,950	20,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	27,000	13,135	13,865	69.0	69.3	68.7
Movers	12,135	5,820	6,315	31.0	30.7	31.3
Non-migrants	3,885	1,820	2,075	9.9	9.6	10.3
Migrants	8,245	4,005	4,240	21.1	21.1	21.0
Internal migrants	7,660	3,750	3,905	19.6	19.8	19.4
Intraprovincial migrants	7,440	3,640	3,805	19.0	19.2	18.9
Interprovincial migrants	215	115	100	0.5	0.6	0.5
External migrants	585	250	340	1.5	1.3	1.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	34,370	16,520	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,475	1,870	1,600	10.1	11.3	9.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	30,895	14,645	16,250	89.9	88.7	91.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,335	9,760	10,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	950	615	335	4.7	6.3	3.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	19,385	9,150	10,240	95.3	93.8	96.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	34,370	16,515	17,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,165	1,665	1,500	9.2	10.1	8.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,075	2,645	3,435	17.7	16.0	19.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,130	12,205	12,915	73.1	73.9	72.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,510	5,705	5,805	33.5	34.5	32.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,285	2,080	1,205	9.6	12.6	6.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,360	1,305	1,055	6.9	7.9	5.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	925	775	150	2.7	4.7	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,305	2,855	3,450	18.3	17.3	19.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,925	775	1,150	5.6	4.7	6.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	13,620	6,500	7,120	39.6	39.4	39.9
Bachelor's degree	8,440	3,915	4,535	24.6	23.7	25.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,375	540	835	4.0	3.3	4.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	380	205	175	1.1	1.2	1.0
Master's degree	3,010	1,615	1,395	8.8	9.8	7.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	410	235	180	1.2	1.4	1.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,340	9,765	10,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	760	485	275	3.7	5.0	2.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,285	1,110	1,175	11.2	11.4	11.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,290	8,170	9,120	85.0	83.7	86.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,950	3,570	3,385	34.2	36.6	32.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,130	1,350	785	10.5	13.8	7.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,515	830	685	7.4	8.5	6.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	620	515	100	3.0	5.3	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,645	1,735	1,910	17.9	17.8	18.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,175	485	690	5.8	5.0	6.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,340	4,605	5,740	50.8	47.2	54.3
Bachelor's degree	6,315	2,725	3,590	31.0	27.9	34.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,045	375	675	5.1	3.8	6.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	115	155	1.4	1.2	1.5
Master's degree	2,365	1,210	1,150	11.6	12.4	10.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	335	170	165	1.6	1.7	1.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	34,370	16,520	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,240	4,310	4,930	26.9	26.1	27.6
Education	1,855	360	1,490	5.4	2.2	8.3
13. Education	1,855	360	1,490	5.4	2.2	8.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,020	455	565	3.0	2.8	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	120	25	0.4	0.7	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	880	335	540	2.6	2.0	3.0
Humanities	1,355	530	825	3.9	3.2	4.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	135	35	100	0.4	0.2	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	65	0	50	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	795	345	455	2.3	2.1	2.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	80	65	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	195	45	150	0.6	0.3	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,855	915	1,940	8.3	5.5	10.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	625	155	475	1.8	0.9	2.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	40	230	0.8	0.2	1.3
22. Legal professions and studies	715	250	470	2.1	1.5	2.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	115	15	95	0.3	0.1	0.5
42. Psychology	415	80	330	1.2	0.5	1.8
45. Social sciences	690	375	310	2.0	2.3	1.7
Business, management and public administration	7,545	3,510	4,045	22.0	21.2	22.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	95	200	0.9	0.6	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,240	3,405	3,835	21.1	20.6	21.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	940	485	460	2.7	2.9	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	270	90	180	0.8	0.5	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	100	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	145	65	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
40. Physical sciences	270	190	85	0.8	1.2	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,060	735	325	3.1	4.4	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	840	620	220	2.4	3.8	1.2
25. Library science	80	10	70	0.2	0.1	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	75	30	0.3	0.5	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,395	3,870	520	12.8	23.4	2.9
04. Architecture and related services	290	165	125	0.8	1.0	0.7
14. Engineering	1,715	1,430	280	5.0	8.7	1.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	830	755	80	2.4	4.6	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	685	670	20	2.0	4.1	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	545	535	10	1.6	3.2	0.1
48. Precision production	325	315	10	0.9	1.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	135	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	180	85	95	0.5	0.5	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Health and related fields	2,770	600	2,170	8.1	3.6	12.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	170	65	105	0.5	0.4	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,450	460	1,985	7.1	2.8	11.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	145	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,045	620	430	3.0	3.8	2.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	445	115	330	1.3	0.7	1.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	355	270	85	1.0	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	245	230	10	0.7	1.4	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,340	9,765	10,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,045	1,595	1,450	15.0	16.3	13.7
Education	1,070	220	855	5.3	2.3	8.1
13. Education	1,070	220	855	5.3	2.3	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	750	320	430	3.7	3.3	4.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	80	25	0.5	0.8	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	645	235	405	3.2	2.4	3.8
Humanities	700	230	465	3.4	2.4	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	85	10	80	0.4	0.1	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	45	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	365	135	225	1.8	1.4	2.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
54. History	50	40	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	115	20	95	0.6	0.2	0.9
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,160	635	1,525	10.6	6.5	14.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	535	125	405	2.6	1.3	3.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	20	170	0.9	0.2	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	515	145	365	2.5	1.5	3.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	65	10	55	0.3	0.1	0.5
42. Psychology	330	50	280	1.6	0.5	2.6
45. Social sciences	510	280	230	2.5	2.9	2.2
Business, management and public administration	5,405	2,405	3,000	26.6	24.6	28.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	60	140	1.0	0.6	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,210	2,345	2,865	25.6	24.0	27.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	230	305	2.7	2.4	2.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	65	160	1.1	0.7	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	190	115	80	0.9	1.2	0.8
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	815	580	245	4.0	5.9	2.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	675	515	165	3.3	5.3	1.6
25. Library science	65	10	55	0.3	0.1	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	45	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,155	2,690	465	15.5	27.5	4.4
04. Architecture and related services	235	130	110	1.2	1.3	1.0
14. Engineering	1,330	1,060	260	6.5	10.9	2.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	545	475	65	2.7	4.9	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	515	495	20	2.5	5.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	330	10	1.6	3.4	0.1
48. Precision production	195	190	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	95	125	1.1	1.0	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	140	60	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Health and related fields	1,725	350	1,380	8.5	3.6	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,480	250	1,230	7.3	2.6	11.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	125	55	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Personal, protective and transportation services	750	425	330	3.7	4.4	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	330	80	250	1.6	0.8	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	260	180	80	1.3	1.8	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	160	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	20,340	9,765	10,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,045	1,595	1,450	15.0	16.3	13.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	17,290	8,165	9,120	85.0	83.6	86.2
Location of study inside Canada	15,875	7,475	8,405	78.0	76.5	79.5
Same as province or territory of residence	15,525	7,310	8,215	76.3	74.9	77.7
Different than province or territory of residence	350	165	185	1.7	1.7	1.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,415	695	720	7.0	7.1	6.8
Americas	410	200	205	2.0	2.0	1.9
United States of America	100	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Mexico	45	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Cuba	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	85	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Peru	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Europe	590	320	275	2.9	3.3	2.6
Belgium	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	395	220	180	1.9	2.3	1.7
Germany	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	50	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.3
Africa	195	85	115	1.0	0.9	1.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	60	15	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Morocco	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tunisia	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egypt	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Asia	215	90	120	1.1	0.9	1.1
Iran⁸⁸	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	85	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	34,370	16,515	17,855	...	...	...
In the labour force	21,545	10,895	10,655	...	...	...
Employed	20,425	10,325	10,100	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,125	570	555	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	12,825	5,625	7,200	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.7	66.0	59.7	62.7	66.0	59.7
Employment rate	59.4	62.5	56.6	59.4	62.5	56.6
Unemployment rate	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	34,370	16,520	17,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,005	5,155	6,850	34.9	31.2	38.4
Worked	22,365	11,365	11,000	65.1	68.8	61.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	12,905	6,795	6,110	37.5	41.1	34.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,460	4,570	4,890	27.5	27.7	27.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.4	41.9	42.2	42.4	41.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	21,545	10,895	10,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	365	130	235	1.7	1.2	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	21,185	10,770	10,420	98.3	98.9	97.8
Employee	18,165	8,870	9,295	84.3	81.4	87.2
Permanent position	15,145	7,500	7,650	70.3	68.8	71.8
Temporary position	3,010	1,370	1,645	14.0	12.6	15.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	945	360	580	4.4	3.3	5.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,070	1,010	1,065	9.6	9.3	10.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,025	1,900	1,125	14.0	17.4	10.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	21,545	10,895	10,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	365	130	235	1.7	1.2	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	21,185	10,770	10,420	98.3	98.9	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	875	640	235	4.1	5.9	2.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,120	1,880	3,235	23.8	17.3	30.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,450	1,835	615	11.4	16.8	5.8
3 Health occupations	1,645	345	1,300	7.6	3.2	12.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,945	950	2,000	13.7	8.7	18.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	985	465	525	4.6	4.3	4.9
6 Sales and service occupations	4,385	2,210	2,175	20.4	20.3	20.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,130	1,915	215	9.9	17.6	2.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	170	155	20	0.8	1.4	0.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	475	375	100	2.2	3.4	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	21,545	10,895	10,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	365	130	235	1.7	1.2	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	21,185	10,770	10,420	98.3	98.9	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	40	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
22 Utilities	415	280	130	1.9	2.6	1.2
23 Construction	1,105	915	190	5.1	8.4	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	1,935	1,260	675	9.0	11.6	6.3
41 Wholesale trade	955	595	355	4.4	5.5	3.3
44-45 Retail trade	2,440	1,205	1,235	11.3	11.1	11.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	770	545	225	3.6	5.0	2.1
51 Information and cultural industries	765	415	345	3.6	3.8	3.2
52 Finance and insurance	1,235	620	610	5.7	5.7	5.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	455	280	170	2.1	2.6	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,620	1,500	1,120	12.2	13.8	10.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	550	315	240	2.6	2.9	2.3
61 Educational services	1,885	525	1,365	8.7	4.8	12.8
62 Health care and social assistance	2,555	525	2,030	11.9	4.8	19.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	470	260	215	2.2	2.4	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	705	405	300	3.3	3.7	2.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	685	260	425	3.2	2.4	4.0
91 Public administration	1,460	750	710	6.8	6.9	6.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	23,335	11,835	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	715	395	325	3.1	3.3	2.8
French	15,090	7,220	7,870	64.7	61.0	68.4
Non-official language	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	7,305	4,100	3,205	31.3	34.6	27.9
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	140	75	60	0.6	0.6	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	23,335	11,835	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,335	11,270	11,065	95.7	95.2	96.2
Official languages	22,295	11,255	11,035	95.5	95.1	95.9
English	2,060	1,175	880	8.8	9.9	7.6
French	20,235	10,085	10,155	86.7	85.2	88.3
Non-official languages	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,000	565	435	4.3	4.8	3.8
English and French	950	540	410	4.1	4.6	3.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	23,335	11,835	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,805	8,165	8,635	72.0	69.0	75.1
English	5,090	2,825	2,265	21.8	23.9	19.7
French	1,300	750	555	5.6	6.3	4.8
Non-official language	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	30	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	20,420	10,325	10,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	6,865	3,455	3,410	33.6	33.5	33.8
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No fixed workplace address	1,430	1,035	400	7.0	10.0	4.0
Usual place of work	12,100	5,825	6,280	59.3	56.4	62.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,100	5,825	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,445	2,060	2,390	36.7	35.4	38.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,560	1,105	1,455	21.2	19.0	23.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,065	2,640	2,420	41.9	45.3	38.5
Commute to a different province or territory	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	13,530	6,855	6,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,530	5,885	5,645	85.2	85.8	84.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	10,905	5,665	5,240	80.6	82.6	78.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	630	220	410	4.7	3.2	6.1
Public transit	995	455	535	7.4	6.6	8.0
Walked	545	240	305	4.0	3.5	4.6
Bicycle	245	175	75	1.8	2.6	1.1
Other method	210	100	110	1.6	1.5	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	13,530	6,855	6,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,240	1,995	2,250	31.3	29.1	33.7
15 to 29 minutes	4,775	2,375	2,395	35.3	34.6	35.9
30 to 44 minutes	2,690	1,470	1,220	19.9	21.4	18.3
45 to 59 minutes	1,080	605	470	8.0	8.8	7.0
60 minutes and over	745	410	335	5.5	6.0	5.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	13,530	6,855	6,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	830	685	145	6.1	10.0	2.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,890	1,265	625	14.0	18.5	9.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,065	1,885	2,180	30.0	27.5	32.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,370	1,405	1,970	24.9	20.5	29.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,650	620	1,030	12.2	9.0	15.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,730	1,005	720	12.8	14.7	10.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,290	4,255	4,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	870	435	435	10.5	10.2	10.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,420	3,825	3,595	89.5	89.9	89.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,435	3,285	3,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	695	360	335	10.8	11.0	10.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	450	225	225	7.0	6.8	7.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	245	135	110	3.8	4.1	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,745	2,930	2,815	89.3	89.2	89.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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