Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Bois-des-Filion, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,159	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,636	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,370	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,258	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,327.8	...	...	2,327.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.36	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,160	4,815	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,920	955	965	18.9	19.8	18.1
0 to 4 years	530	270	260	5.2	5.6	4.9
5 to 9 years	680	330	350	6.7	6.9	6.5
10 to 14 years	715	360	355	7.0	7.5	6.6
15 to 64 years	6,690	3,160	3,530	65.8	65.6	66.0
15 to 19 years	600	280	315	5.9	5.8	5.9
20 to 24 years	485	220	260	4.8	4.6	4.9
25 to 29 years	580	285	295	5.7	5.9	5.5
30 to 34 years	625	305	315	6.2	6.3	5.9
35 to 39 years	680	310	370	6.7	6.4	6.9
40 to 44 years	740	330	410	7.3	6.9	7.7
45 to 49 years	765	360	400	7.5	7.5	7.5
50 to 54 years	715	340	375	7.0	7.1	7.0
55 to 59 years	765	375	390	7.5	7.8	7.3
60 to 64 years	730	335	395	7.2	7.0	7.4
65 years and over	1,550	700	850	15.3	14.5	15.9
65 to 69 years	525	265	265	5.2	5.5	5.0
70 to 74 years	440	185	255	4.3	3.8	4.8
75 to 79 years	295	140	150	2.9	2.9	2.8
80 to 84 years	190	75	115	1.9	1.6	2.2
85 years and over	105	40	60	1.0	0.8	1.1
85 to 89 years	65	20	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
90 to 94 years	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.9	19.8	18.1	18.9	19.8	18.1
15 to 64 years	65.8	65.6	66.0	65.8	65.6	66.0
65 years and over	15.3	14.5	15.9	15.3	14.5	15.9
85 years and over	1.0	0.8	1.1	1.0	0.8	1.1
Average age of the population	40.2	39.6	40.7	40.2	39.6	40.7
Median age of the population	41.2	40.8	41.6	41.2	40.8	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,150	...	...	50.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	325	...	...	7.6	...	...
Row house	220	...	...	5.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	215	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,335	...	...	31.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,295	...	...	30.4	...	...
2 persons	1,435	...	...	33.7	...	...
3 persons	650	...	...	15.3	...	...
4 persons	580	...	...	13.6	...	...
5 or more persons	300	...	...	7.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,045	4,770	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,240	3,860	4,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,560	2,275	2,290	55.3	58.9	52.3
Married	2,465	1,235	1,235	29.9	32.0	28.2
Living common-law	2,100	1,045	1,050	25.5	27.1	24.0
Living common law - Never married	1,680	830	850	20.4	21.5	19.4
Living common law - Separated	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	350	180	175	4.2	4.7	4.0
Living common law - Widowed	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	3,675	1,580	2,090	44.6	40.9	47.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,525	1,230	1,300	30.6	31.9	29.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	125	50	75	1.5	1.3	1.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	670	210	460	8.1	5.4	10.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	355	90	265	4.3	2.3	6.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,470	...	...	50.8	...	...
3 persons	635	...	...	21.9	...	...
4 persons	565	...	...	19.5	...	...
5 or more persons	230	...	...	7.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,265	...	...	78.2	...	...
Married couples	1,215	...	...	42.0	...	...
With children⁶	650	...	...	22.5	...	...
Without children	570	...	...	19.7	...	...
Common-law couples	1,050	...	...	36.3	...	...
With children⁶	530	...	...	18.3	...	...
Without children	515	...	...	17.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	635	...	...	21.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	480	...	...	16.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	150	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,315	4,010	4,300	82.8	84.2	81.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,520	2,255	2,265	45.0	47.3	42.9
Parents in one-parent families	635	155	485	6.3	3.3	9.2
Children⁶	3,160	1,600	1,555	31.5	33.6	29.5
In a two-parent family	2,210	1,115	1,095	22.0	23.4	20.7
In a one-parent family	945	485	460	9.4	10.2	8.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,730	755	975	17.2	15.8	18.5
Living alone	1,300	540	755	12.9	11.3	14.3
Living with other relatives⁷	220	95	125	2.2	2.0	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	215	115	95	2.1	2.4	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,255	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,650	...	...	62.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,095	...	...	49.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,095	...	...	25.7	...	...
Without children	995	...	...	23.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	550	...	...	12.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	85	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	105	...	...	2.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	110	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	1,300	...	...	30.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,125	3,805	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,865	3,700	4,170	96.8	97.2	96.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	50,800	41,600	45,600	50,800	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,865	3,700	4,170	96.8	97.2	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	43,600	36,800	40,000	43,600	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,315	3,515	3,805	90.0	92.4	88.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,800	31,600	37,600	44,800	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,230	3,050	3,180	76.7	80.2	73.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,600	35,600	40,800	47,600	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,450	2,855	3,605	79.4	75.0	83.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,500	9,000	11,700	10,500	9,000	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,025	530	490	12.6	13.9	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,520	5,520	5,520	5,520	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,585	1,290	1,295	31.8	33.9	30.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,125	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,870	3,700	4,170	96.9	97.1	96.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,400	58,600	45,000	51,400	58,600	45,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,870	3,700	4,170	96.9	97.1	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,480	46,920	38,560	42,480	46,920	38,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,365	3,545	3,820	90.6	93.0	88.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,440	52,450	37,000	44,440	52,450	37,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,235	3,070	3,160	76.7	80.6	73.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,640	52,050	39,400	45,640	52,050	39,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,440	2,805	3,630	79.3	73.6	84.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,970	10,980	12,730	11,970	10,980	12,730
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	965	515	445	11.9	13.5	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,700	6,920	6,440	6,700	6,920	6,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,530	1,245	1,285	31.1	32.7	29.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,320	7,820	8,790	8,320	7,820	8,790
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,125	3,805	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,035	1,590	1,445	37.4	41.8	33.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	65,500	54,000	58,000	65,500	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,000	72,000	57,350	65,000	72,000	57,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,640	1,205	1,440	32.5	31.7	33.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	23,600	19,600	21,200	23,600	19,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,440	33,800	25,760	29,440	33,800	25,760
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.0	85.8	75.4	81.0	85.8	75.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.4	73.8	66.4	70.4	73.8	66.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.0	14.2	24.6	19.0	14.2	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	4.9	7.0	5.9	4.9	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2	4.5	6.0	5.2	4.5	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,120	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	260	110	145	3.2	2.9	3.4
With total income	7,865	3,695	4,165	96.9	97.0	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	500	195	305	6.4	5.3	7.3
$10,000 to $19,999	715	265	455	9.1	7.2	10.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,130	465	670	14.4	12.6	16.1
$30,000 to $39,999	965	390	570	12.3	10.6	13.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,100	500	600	14.0	13.5	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	910	435	480	11.6	11.8	11.5
$60,000 to $69,999	715	365	350	9.1	9.9	8.4
$70,000 to $79,999	535	300	230	6.8	8.1	5.5
$80,000 to $89,999	455	255	195	5.8	6.9	4.7
$90,000 to $99,999	255	140	110	3.2	3.8	2.6
$100,000 and over	585	385	195	7.4	10.4	4.7
$100,000 to $149,999	455	285	170	5.8	7.7	4.1
$150,000 and over	130	100	30	1.7	2.7	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,120	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	260	110	145	3.2	2.9	3.4
With after-tax income	7,865	3,695	4,165	96.9	97.0	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	535	200	335	6.8	5.4	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	760	295	465	9.7	8.0	11.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,325	535	785	16.8	14.5	18.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,330	590	735	16.9	16.0	17.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,340	650	685	17.0	17.6	16.4
$50,000 to $59,999	955	485	465	12.1	13.1	11.2
$60,000 to $69,999	695	380	320	8.8	10.3	7.7
$70,000 to $79,999	410	225	185	5.2	6.1	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	220	125	90	2.8	3.4	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	105	65	40	1.3	1.8	1.0
$100,000 and over	200	145	55	2.5	3.9	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	130	90	40	1.7	2.4	1.0
$125,000 and over	65	50	15	0.8	1.4	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,120	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,890	760	1,135	23.3	19.9	26.3
With employment income	6,235	3,050	3,185	76.8	80.1	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	730	350	385	11.7	11.5	12.1
$5,000 to $9,999	465	195	275	7.5	6.4	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	680	265	415	10.9	8.7	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	585	250	340	9.4	8.2	10.7
$30,000 to $39,999	595	250	340	9.5	8.2	10.7
$40,000 to $49,999	675	305	375	10.8	10.0	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	605	305	305	9.7	10.0	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	505	285	220	8.1	9.3	6.9
$70,000 to $79,999	380	220	155	6.1	7.2	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	360	200	160	5.8	6.6	5.0
$90,000 to $99,999	200	120	85	3.2	3.9	2.7
$100,000 and over	445	310	135	7.1	10.2	4.2
$100,000 to $124,999	245	160	90	3.9	5.2	2.8
$125,000 and over	200	150	50	3.2	4.9	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,125	3,805	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,690	3,615	4,070	94.6	95.0	94.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	49,200	38,400	43,600	49,200	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,695	3,615	4,080	94.7	95.0	94.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,400	38,000	42,400	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,165	3,450	3,720	88.2	90.7	86.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,400	32,400	38,800	46,400	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,215	3,040	3,180	76.5	79.9	73.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,400	36,000	41,200	48,400	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,810	2,465	3,345	71.5	64.8	77.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450	4,120	8,100	6,450	4,120	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	995	525	475	12.2	13.8	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	4,000	4,440	4,200	4,000	4,440
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,125	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,635	3,590	4,040	94.0	94.2	93.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,400	57,150	42,440	49,400	57,150	42,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,650	3,590	4,060	94.2	94.2	94.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	45,880	36,280	40,800	45,880	36,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,125	3,440	3,685	87.7	90.3	85.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	54,400	37,400	45,600	54,400	37,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,175	3,060	3,115	76.0	80.3	72.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,680	53,650	39,800	46,680	53,650	39,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,705	2,355	3,350	70.2	61.8	77.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	7,680	10,100	9,100	7,680	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,050	545	500	12.9	14.3	11.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	5,260	8,480	6,800	5,260	8,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,125	3,805	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,015	1,575	1,440	37.1	41.4	33.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	62,800	49,200	55,200	62,800	49,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,650	69,800	52,800	61,650	69,800	52,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,450	1,140	1,315	30.2	30.0	30.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,400	33,600	26,200	29,400	33,600	26,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,320	40,600	30,760	35,320	40,600	30,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.2	91.2	80.2	86.2	91.2	80.2
Employment income (%)	76.4	80.0	72.2	76.4	80.0	72.2
Government transfers (%)	13.8	8.8	19.7	13.8	8.8	19.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.4	2.5	1.9	1.4	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,260	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,300	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,260	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,600	...	...	78,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,480	...	...	50,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,280	...	...	42,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,600	...	...	114,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,500	...	...	94,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	3.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	140	...	...	3.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	2.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	140	...	...	3.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	330	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	315	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	340	...	...	8.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,650	...	...	38.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	605	...	...	14.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	410	...	...	9.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	395	...	...	9.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	240	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	180	...	...	4.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	150	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	4.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	390	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	9.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	385	...	...	9.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	320	...	...	7.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	300	...	...	7.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,160	...	...	27.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	305	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	295	...	...	6.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,890	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,510	660	850	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,600	50,400	41,200	45,600	50,400	41,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	42,800	36,400	39,200	42,800	36,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,900	...	...	113,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,900	...	...	93,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,025	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,200	...	...	98,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,400	...	...	80,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,600	...	...	145,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,200	...	...	119,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	615	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...	81,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,515	700	810	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,640	55,700	44,400	49,640	55,700	44,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,560	45,600	38,100	41,560	45,600	38,100
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,045	4,765	5,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,320	1,135	1,190	23.1	23.8	22.6
0 to 5 years	650	320	330	6.5	6.7	6.3
18 to 64 years	6,285	2,985	3,300	62.6	62.6	62.6
65 years and over	1,440	650	785	14.3	13.6	14.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	795	315	485	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	190	85	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	60	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	385	165	220	...	...	...
65 years and over	230	60	165	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.0	6.6	9.2	8.0	6.6	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	7.6	8.4	8.0	7.6	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	10.0	7.6	8.8	10.0	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	5.5	6.6	6.1	5.5	6.6
65 years and over (%)	16.0	9.6	21.2	16.0	9.6	21.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,325	1,130	1,190	23.1	23.7	22.5
0 to 5 years	650	320	330	6.5	6.7	6.3
18 to 64 years	6,285	2,985	3,300	62.6	62.6	62.5
65 years and over	1,435	650	785	14.3	13.6	14.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	365	150	210	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	35	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	215	95	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	70	20	55	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.1	4.0	3.6	3.1	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.0	3.4	3.2	3.0	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	5.0	3.2	4.0	5.0	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.6
65 years and over (%)	5.0	2.8	7.2	5.0	2.8	7.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,245	2,375	2,870	52.2	49.8	54.4
In bottom decile	675	270	405	6.7	5.7	7.7
In second decile	795	340	460	7.9	7.1	8.7
In third decile	1,045	485	565	10.4	10.2	10.7
In fourth decile	1,345	610	730	13.4	12.8	13.8
In fifth decile	1,385	670	710	13.8	14.1	13.4
In top half of the distribution	4,800	2,390	2,405	47.8	50.2	45.5
In sixth decile	1,285	625	660	12.8	13.1	12.5
In seventh decile	1,220	605	615	12.1	12.7	11.6
In eighth decile	1,065	530	535	10.6	11.1	10.1
In ninth decile	760	385	380	7.6	8.1	7.2
In top decile	470	245	225	4.7	5.1	4.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,045	...	...	10,045	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.265	...	...	0.265	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.376	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.229	...	...	0.229	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,160	4,815	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	105	55	50	1.0	1.1	0.9
French only	4,770	2,145	2,625	46.9	44.5	49.1
English and French	5,255	2,605	2,650	51.7	54.1	49.6
Neither English nor French	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,160	4,815	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	590	300	290	5.8	6.2	5.4
French	9,240	4,345	4,890	90.9	90.2	91.5
English and French	305	160	150	3.0	3.3	2.8
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,160	4,815	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,775	4,615	5,155	96.2	95.8	96.4
Official languages	8,720	4,110	4,615	85.8	85.4	86.3
English	375	190	185	3.7	3.9	3.5
French	8,340	3,915	4,425	82.1	81.3	82.8
Non-official languages	1,055	510	540	10.4	10.6	10.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,055	510	540	10.4	10.6	10.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	125	120	2.4	2.6	2.2
Berber languages	70	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Kabyle	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	170	90	85	1.7	1.9	1.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	175	90	85	1.7	1.9	1.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	170	75	100	1.7	1.6	1.9
Haitian Creole	150	65	85	1.5	1.3	1.6
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	560	280	285	5.5	5.8	5.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Dari	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	495	245	250	4.9	5.1	4.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	95	50	50	0.9	1.0	0.9
Portuguese	75	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Romanian	55	30	30	0.5	0.6	0.6
Spanish	270	140	135	2.7	2.9	2.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	385	195	185	3.8	4.0	3.5
English and French	140	80	65	1.4	1.7	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	165	80	90	1.6	1.7	1.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,160	4,815	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	330	165	160	3.2	3.4	3.0
French	7,980	3,765	4,215	78.5	78.2	78.9
Non-official language	230	110	120	2.3	2.3	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	230	110	120	2.3	2.3	2.2
English and French	690	325	365	6.8	6.7	6.8
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	555	260	295	5.5	5.4	5.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	310	165	150	3.1	3.4	2.8
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,160	4,815	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,685	4,585	5,100	95.3	95.2	95.4
Official languages	9,240	4,375	4,865	90.9	90.9	91.0
English	520	260	260	5.1	5.4	4.9
French	8,715	4,110	4,605	85.8	85.4	86.2
Non-official languages	450	215	235	4.4	4.5	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	450	215	235	4.4	4.5	4.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	1.1	1.1	1.0
Berber languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kabyle	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.6
Haitian Creole	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	250	120	130	2.5	2.5	2.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	225	110	115	2.2	2.3	2.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Spanish	160	80	85	1.6	1.7	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	475	230	245	4.7	4.8	4.6
English and French	200	90	115	2.0	1.9	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	190	95	95	1.9	2.0	1.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,160	4,815	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,950	4,235	4,710	88.1	88.0	88.1
English	420	200	215	4.1	4.2	4.0
French	285	130	155	2.8	2.7	2.9
Non-official language	295	130	170	2.9	2.7	3.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	295	130	170	2.9	2.7	3.2
English and French	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	120	60	60	1.2	1.2	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,045	4,770	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,020	4,760	5,255	99.8	99.8	99.5
English	5,350	2,665	2,685	53.3	55.9	50.9
French	9,900	4,690	5,210	98.6	98.3	98.7
Non-official languages	2,205	1,015	1,195	22.0	21.3	22.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,205	1,015	1,195	22.0	21.3	22.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	445	210	235	4.4	4.4	4.5
Berber languages	80	30	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
Kabyle	75	30	50	0.7	0.6	0.9
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	370	185	190	3.7	3.9	3.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	360	180	180	3.6	3.8	3.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	535	225	310	5.3	4.7	5.9
Haitian Creole	515	215	300	5.1	4.5	5.7
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,170	560	610	11.6	11.7	11.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Russian	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
German	35	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,065	510	555	10.6	10.7	10.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	305	165	140	3.0	3.5	2.7
Portuguese	115	60	50	1.1	1.3	0.9
Romanian	110	55	55	1.1	1.2	1.0
Spanish	615	265	355	6.1	5.6	6.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	120	45	75	1.2	0.9	1.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	110	45	65	1.1	0.9	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Métis	65	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	9,925	4,720	5,210	98.8	99.1	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,020	4,755	5,265	99.8	99.8	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,190	...	...	74.9	...	...
Renter	1,065	...	...	25.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	840	...	...	19.7	...	...
Not condominium	3,420	...	...	80.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	395	...	...	9.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,445	...	...	33.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,555	...	...	36.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	855	...	...	20.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,320	...	...	31.0	...	...
5 rooms	775	...	...	18.2	...	...
6 rooms	530	...	...	12.4	...	...
7 rooms	500	...	...	11.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,130	...	...	26.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,225	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,120	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	570	...	...	13.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	935	...	...	21.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	605	...	...	14.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	655	...	...	15.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	390	...	...	9.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	650	...	...	15.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	185	...	...	4.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	270	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,050	...	...	95.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	210	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,310	...	...	54.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,865	...	...	43.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	85	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	610	...	...	14.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	760	...	...	17.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	935	...	...	21.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	945	...	...	22.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	605	...	...	14.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	290	...	...	6.8	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,615	...	...	85.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	635	...	...	14.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	590	...	...	13.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	935	...	...	21.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	600	...	...	14.1	...	...
Not suitable only	105	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	185	...	...	4.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,320	...	...	77.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	240	...	...	5.7	...	...
Not in core need	3,970	...	...	94.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,195	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.0	...	...	75.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.1	...	...	11.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,306	...	...	1,306	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	314,000	...	...	314,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	340,400	...	...	340,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,065	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.4	...	...	26.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.8	...	...	15.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	968	...	...	968	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,045	4,765	5,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	65	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	65	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	185	75	110	1.8	1.6	2.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	185	75	110	1.8	1.6	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	160	65	95	1.6	1.4	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,790	4,660	5,130	97.5	97.8	97.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,645	4,555	5,090	96.0	95.6	96.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,240	1,060	1,180	22.3	22.2	22.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,410	3,500	3,910	73.8	73.5	74.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	395	210	185	3.9	4.4	3.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,560	4,045	4,515	85.2	84.9	85.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,450	705	745	14.4	14.8	14.1
Before 1980	145	70	75	1.4	1.5	1.4
1980 to 1990	180	100	85	1.8	2.1	1.6
1991 to 2000	170	75	95	1.7	1.6	1.8
2001 to 2010	430	190	240	4.3	4.0	4.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	525	270	255	5.2	5.7	4.8
2011 to 2015	325	170	155	3.2	3.6	2.9
2016 to 2021	200	100	100	2.0	2.1	1.9
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,450	705	745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	180	115	65	12.4	16.3	8.7
5 to 14 years	310	155	150	21.4	22.0	20.1
15 to 24 years	245	85	155	16.9	12.1	20.8
25 to 44 years	605	295	310	41.7	41.8	41.6
45 years and over	115	60	60	7.9	8.5	8.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,450	705	745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	615	275	335	42.4	39.0	45.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	10	10	1.4	1.4	1.3
El Salvador	30	10	20	2.1	1.4	2.7
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	375	155	220	25.9	22.0	29.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.3
Peru	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	65	30	30	4.5	4.3	4.0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	45	40	5.9	6.4	5.4
Europe	365	190	175	25.2	27.0	23.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	115	60	55	7.9	8.5	7.4
Germany	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	50	30	20	3.4	4.3	2.7
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.3
Portugal	30	15	15	2.1	2.1	2.0
Romania	50	20	30	3.4	2.8	4.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	40	25	4.8	5.7	3.4
Africa	330	165	170	22.8	23.4	22.8
Algeria	125	60	60	8.6	8.5	8.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	10	10	1.4	1.4	1.3
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	95	45	50	6.6	6.4	6.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35	4.8	5.0	4.7
Asia	140	70	65	9.7	9.9	8.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	30	10	3.1	4.3	1.3
Syria⁸⁹	45	15	30	3.1	2.1	4.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.3
Viet Nam	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	195	95	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	30	50	38.5	31.6	50.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	60	25	40	30.8	26.3	40.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	5.1	0.0	10.0
Europe	75	55	25	38.5	57.9	25.0
France	50	35	15	25.6	36.8	15.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	0	10	7.7	0.0	10.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	15	20	15.4	15.8	20.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	20	12.8	10.5	20.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,560	745	815	15.5	15.6	15.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,290	615	675	12.8	12.9	12.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,190	3,405	3,785	71.6	71.5	71.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,305	635	670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	665	360	305	51.0	56.7	45.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	310	180	130	23.8	28.3	19.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	355	185	175	27.2	29.1	26.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	375	155	210	28.7	24.4	31.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	250	110	135	19.2	17.3	20.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	0	15	1.5	0.0	2.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,305	635	670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	130	55	75	10.0	8.7	11.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	115	65	50	8.8	10.2	7.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	20	0	1.9	3.1	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	25	15	2.7	3.9	2.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	15	0	1.1	2.4	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	990	465	525	75.9	73.2	78.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,575	715	865	15.7	15.0	16.4
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Black	895	415	480	8.9	8.7	9.1
Filipino	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.5
Arab	315	140	165	3.1	2.9	3.1
Latin American	230	105	125	2.3	2.2	2.4
Southeast Asian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,475	4,055	4,420	84.4	85.1	83.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,045	4,770	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,210	1,560	1,650	32.0	32.7	31.3
English	170	75	95	1.7	1.6	1.8
Irish	410	140	275	4.1	2.9	5.2
Scottish	120	35	85	1.2	0.7	1.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,025	980	1,040	20.2	20.5	19.7
German	150	85	65	1.5	1.8	1.2
Chinese	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Italian	715	350	360	7.1	7.3	6.8
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dutch	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Polish	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Québécois	1,275	595	680	12.7	12.5	12.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Filipino	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
French Canadian	650	320	325	6.5	6.7	6.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	120	50	65	1.2	1.0	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	105	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
Métis	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.8
Russian	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	190	90	105	1.9	1.9	2.0
American	45	30	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Spanish	160	60	100	1.6	1.3	1.9
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Acadian	80	40	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	50	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.7
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	165	85	85	1.6	1.8	1.6
Greek	60	50	15	0.6	1.0	0.3
Jamaican	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	90	40	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
Lebanese	95	50	50	0.9	1.0	0.9
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian	675	305	365	6.7	6.4	6.9
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	55	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.7
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Moroccan	90	35	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	65	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	95	35	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	80	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
African Caribbean	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber	85	50	40	0.8	1.0	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	70	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	40	30	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.7
Norman	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,045	4,765	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Christian	6,760	3,130	3,630	67.3	65.7	68.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	810	425	385	8.1	8.9	7.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	95	40	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
Catholic	5,250	2,385	2,865	52.3	50.1	54.3
Christian Orthodox	190	95	90	1.9	2.0	1.7
Jehovah's Witness	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	35	65	1.0	0.7	1.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	245	110	130	2.4	2.3	2.5
Hindu	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	420	195	225	4.2	4.1	4.3
Sikh	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No religion and secular perspectives	2,790	1,400	1,395	27.8	29.4	26.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,955	4,715	5,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,900	4,240	4,660	89.4	89.9	88.8
Movers	1,055	475	580	10.6	10.1	11.1
Non-migrants	315	155	160	3.2	3.3	3.1
Migrants	740	320	420	7.4	6.8	8.0
Internal migrants	690	290	405	6.9	6.2	7.7
Intraprovincial migrants	680	280	400	6.8	5.9	7.6
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
External migrants	45	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,535	4,515	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,345	2,580	2,770	56.1	57.1	55.2
Movers	4,190	1,940	2,250	43.9	43.0	44.8
Non-migrants	550	275	275	5.8	6.1	5.5
Migrants	3,640	1,660	1,980	38.2	36.8	39.4
Internal migrants	3,510	1,595	1,910	36.8	35.3	38.0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,470	1,580	1,885	36.4	35.0	37.5
Interprovincial migrants	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
External migrants	135	60	65	1.4	1.3	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,125	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,635	815	820	20.1	21.4	19.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,490	3,000	3,495	79.9	78.7	81.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,610	2,665	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	715	425	290	12.7	15.9	9.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,890	2,235	2,650	87.2	83.9	90.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,125	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,425	685	740	17.5	18.0	17.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,915	955	965	23.6	25.1	22.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,780	2,170	2,615	58.8	57.0	60.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,350	1,555	1,795	41.2	40.8	41.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,505	850	655	18.5	22.3	15.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,055	520	530	13.0	13.6	12.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	450	330	120	5.5	8.7	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,460	525	935	18.0	13.8	21.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385	175	210	4.7	4.6	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,435	615	815	17.7	16.1	18.9
Bachelor's degree	1,035	415	620	12.7	10.9	14.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	80	90	2.1	2.1	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Master's degree	200	115	90	2.5	3.0	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,610	2,660	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	570	330	240	10.2	12.4	8.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,045	545	500	18.6	20.5	17.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,995	1,780	2,210	71.2	66.9	75.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,755	1,255	1,500	49.1	47.2	50.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,265	690	570	22.5	25.9	19.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	880	415	465	15.7	15.6	15.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	385	270	110	6.9	10.2	3.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,180	430	755	21.0	16.2	25.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	310	135	175	5.5	5.1	5.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,240	525	710	22.1	19.7	24.1
Bachelor's degree	890	360	525	15.9	13.5	17.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	70	85	2.8	2.6	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Master's degree	170	90	80	3.0	3.4	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,125	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,345	1,640	1,705	41.2	43.0	39.5
Education	400	75	320	4.9	2.0	7.4
13. Education	400	75	320	4.9	2.0	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	65	85	1.9	1.7	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	50	85	1.7	1.3	2.0
Humanities	215	80	135	2.6	2.1	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	50	65	1.5	1.3	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	485	140	345	6.0	3.7	8.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30	0.5	0.3	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	115	1.5	0.3	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	80	35	40	1.0	0.9	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	65	0	50	0.8	0.0	1.2
45. Social sciences	160	75	90	2.0	2.0	2.1
Business, management and public administration	1,125	415	710	13.8	10.9	16.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	50	0.8	0.4	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,055	395	660	13.0	10.4	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	55	105	1.9	1.4	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	0	40	0.6	0.0	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
40. Physical sciences	45	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195	135	60	2.4	3.5	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	120	55	2.2	3.1	1.3
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	965	900	70	11.9	23.6	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	110	95	15	1.4	2.5	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	165	15	2.2	4.3	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	330	310	20	4.1	8.1	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	205	0	2.6	5.4	0.0
48. Precision production	100	100	0	1.2	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	630	105	520	7.8	2.8	12.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	25	0.5	0.7	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	585	85	505	7.2	2.2	11.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	415	195	225	5.1	5.1	5.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	230	45	180	2.8	1.2	4.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	125	100	30	1.5	2.6	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	55	10	0.8	1.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,610	2,665	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,615	885	730	28.8	33.2	24.8
Education	310	55	255	5.5	2.1	8.7
13. Education	310	55	255	5.5	2.1	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	55	75	2.3	2.1	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	35	75	2.0	1.3	2.5
Humanities	155	60	85	2.8	2.3	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	50	35	1.4	1.9	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	400	105	295	7.1	3.9	10.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	0	30	0.8	0.0	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	105	1.9	0.0	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	25	30	1.0	0.9	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
42. Psychology	50	0	50	0.9	0.0	1.7
45. Social sciences	130	65	65	2.3	2.4	2.2
Business, management and public administration	935	335	595	16.7	12.6	20.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	10	40	1.0	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	880	325	555	15.7	12.2	18.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	35	80	2.0	1.3	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	0	35	0.6	0.0	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	115	55	3.0	4.3	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	115	50	2.9	4.3	1.7
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	810	745	60	14.4	28.0	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.5
14. Engineering	105	90	15	1.9	3.4	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	130	15	2.6	4.9	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	270	250	15	4.8	9.4	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	185	185	0	3.3	6.9	0.0
48. Precision production	75	70	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Health and related fields	570	100	475	10.2	3.8	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	15	0.7	0.9	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	535	75	455	9.5	2.8	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	365	160	205	6.5	6.0	7.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	200	30	170	3.6	1.1	5.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	105	80	25	1.9	3.0	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	45	10	1.0	1.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,610	2,665	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,615	885	730	28.8	33.2	24.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,990	1,780	2,210	71.1	66.8	75.0
Location of study inside Canada	3,600	1,600	2,000	64.2	60.0	67.9
Same as province or territory of residence	3,525	1,570	1,955	62.8	58.9	66.4
Different than province or territory of residence	75	30	45	1.3	1.1	1.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	395	185	210	7.0	6.9	7.1
Americas	150	75	80	2.7	2.8	2.7
United States of America	25	25	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	65	30	45	1.2	1.1	1.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	10	20	0.4	0.4	0.7
Europe	125	55	70	2.2	2.1	2.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	40	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	30	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.5
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Africa	100	50	50	1.8	1.9	1.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	55	30	25	1.0	1.1	0.8
Morocco	25	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Tunisia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Asia	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,125	3,810	4,315	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,820	2,865	2,955	...	...	...
Employed	5,455	2,700	2,750	...	...	...
Unemployed	365	160	210	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,305	945	1,360	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.6	75.2	68.5	71.6	75.2	68.5
Employment rate	67.1	70.9	63.7	67.1	70.9	63.7
Unemployment rate	6.3	5.6	7.1	6.3	5.6	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,125	3,810	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,305	920	1,375	28.4	24.1	31.9
Worked	5,825	2,885	2,935	71.7	75.7	68.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,105	1,635	1,470	38.2	42.9	34.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,720	1,250	1,465	33.5	32.8	34.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.4	42.5	42.5	42.4	42.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,820	2,860	2,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	45	50	1.7	1.6	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,715	2,815	2,905	98.2	98.4	98.1
Employee	5,150	2,475	2,675	88.5	86.5	90.4
Permanent position	4,510	2,155	2,350	77.5	75.3	79.4
Temporary position	630	315	320	10.8	11.0	10.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	215	85	135	3.7	3.0	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	420	230	190	7.2	8.0	6.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	570	345	230	9.8	12.1	7.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,820	2,860	2,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	45	50	1.7	1.6	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,715	2,815	2,905	98.2	98.4	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	95	80	15	1.6	2.8	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,055	310	745	18.1	10.8	25.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	380	295	80	6.5	10.3	2.7
3 Health occupations	540	65	475	9.3	2.3	16.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	790	200	595	13.6	7.0	20.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	110	30	75	1.9	1.0	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,345	605	740	23.1	21.2	25.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,160	1,050	105	19.9	36.7	3.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	235	165	70	4.0	5.8	2.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,820	2,860	2,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	45	50	1.7	1.6	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	5,715	2,815	2,905	98.2	98.4	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	60	40	20	1.0	1.4	0.7
23 Construction	605	505	100	10.4	17.7	3.4
31-33 Manufacturing	555	375	180	9.5	13.1	6.1
41 Wholesale trade	265	175	85	4.6	6.1	2.9
44-45 Retail trade	745	320	425	12.8	11.2	14.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	345	265	75	5.9	9.3	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	70	35	30	1.2	1.2	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	220	95	125	3.8	3.3	4.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	35	30	1.1	1.2	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	370	175	190	6.4	6.1	6.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230	135	95	4.0	4.7	3.2
61 Educational services	465	135	330	8.0	4.7	11.1
62 Health care and social assistance	855	120	740	14.7	4.2	25.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	50	45	1.5	1.7	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	260	120	135	4.5	4.2	4.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	235	85	150	4.0	3.0	5.1
91 Public administration	260	120	145	4.5	4.2	4.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,085	3,010	3,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	150	90	60	2.5	3.0	1.9
French	4,125	1,975	2,145	67.8	65.6	69.6
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,730	900	835	28.4	29.9	27.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	35	25	1.0	1.2	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,085	3,010	3,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,770	2,860	2,910	94.8	95.0	94.5
Official languages	5,760	2,855	2,905	94.7	94.9	94.3
English	410	230	180	6.7	7.6	5.8
French	5,350	2,620	2,725	87.9	87.0	88.5
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	315	150	165	5.2	5.0	5.4
English and French	305	135	165	5.0	4.5	5.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,085	3,010	3,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,580	2,210	2,370	75.3	73.4	76.9
English	1,200	640	560	19.7	21.3	18.2
French	250	130	125	4.1	4.3	4.1
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,455	2,700	2,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	835	390	450	15.3	14.4	16.4
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	735	585	155	13.5	21.7	5.6
Usual place of work	3,875	1,730	2,150	71.0	64.1	78.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,875	1,730	2,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	445	185	260	11.5	10.7	12.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	570	200	370	14.7	11.6	17.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,855	1,340	1,520	73.7	77.5	70.7
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,615	2,310	2,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,235	2,170	2,065	91.8	93.9	89.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,025	2,075	1,950	87.2	89.8	84.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	210	95	115	4.6	4.1	5.0
Public transit	175	75	100	3.8	3.2	4.3
Walked	95	20	75	2.1	0.9	3.3
Bicycle	30	15	10	0.7	0.6	0.4
Other method	80	30	50	1.7	1.3	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,615	2,310	2,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	790	310	480	17.1	13.4	20.8
15 to 29 minutes	1,685	765	915	36.5	33.1	39.7
30 to 44 minutes	1,270	720	555	27.5	31.2	24.1
45 to 59 minutes	480	275	205	10.4	11.9	8.9
60 minutes and over	385	235	150	8.3	10.2	6.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,615	2,310	2,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	570	470	95	12.4	20.3	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	925	530	395	20.0	22.9	17.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,160	470	690	25.1	20.3	29.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	785	230	550	17.0	10.0	23.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	395	180	215	8.6	7.8	9.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	785	425	360	17.0	18.4	15.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,365	1,155	1,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	335	165	165	14.2	14.3	13.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,030	995	1,040	85.8	86.1	86.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,795	875	925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	260	125	130	14.5	14.3	14.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	210	100	105	11.7	11.4	11.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	25	30	2.8	2.9	3.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,535	745	790	85.5	85.1	85.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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