Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	BeloeilMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	52,959	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	51,132^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	22,212	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	21,811	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,998.5	...	...	1,998.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	26.50	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	52,960	25,585	27,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9,835	4,970	4,860	18.6	19.4	17.8
0 to 4 years	2,735	1,395	1,340	5.2	5.5	4.9
5 to 9 years	3,490	1,780	1,715	6.6	7.0	6.3
10 to 14 years	3,605	1,795	1,805	6.8	7.0	6.6
15 to 64 years	32,365	15,840	16,525	61.1	61.9	60.4
15 to 19 years	2,930	1,460	1,470	5.5	5.7	5.4
20 to 24 years	2,265	1,180	1,085	4.3	4.6	4.0
25 to 29 years	2,565	1,250	1,310	4.8	4.9	4.8
30 to 34 years	2,920	1,425	1,495	5.5	5.6	5.5
35 to 39 years	3,460	1,625	1,835	6.5	6.4	6.7
40 to 44 years	4,035	2,010	2,020	7.6	7.9	7.4
45 to 49 years	3,510	1,720	1,790	6.6	6.7	6.5
50 to 54 years	3,255	1,595	1,670	6.1	6.2	6.1
55 to 59 years	3,795	1,880	1,915	7.2	7.3	7.0
60 to 64 years	3,635	1,690	1,945	6.9	6.6	7.1
65 years and over	10,760	4,775	5,985	20.3	18.7	21.9
65 to 69 years	3,225	1,470	1,755	6.1	5.7	6.4
70 to 74 years	2,935	1,315	1,615	5.5	5.1	5.9
75 to 79 years	2,125	965	1,160	4.0	3.8	4.2
80 to 84 years	1,275	545	725	2.4	2.1	2.6
85 years and over	1,200	475	725	2.3	1.9	2.6
85 to 89 years	850	370	480	1.6	1.4	1.8
90 to 94 years	280	85	195	0.5	0.3	0.7
95 to 99 years	65	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	19.4	17.8	18.6	19.4	17.8
15 to 64 years	61.1	61.9	60.4	61.1	61.9	60.4
65 years and over	20.3	18.7	21.9	20.3	18.7	21.9
85 years and over	2.3	1.9	2.6	2.3	1.9	2.6
Average age of the population	42.2	41.2	43.2	42.2	41.2	43.2
Median age of the population	43.2	42.0	44.0	43.2	42.0	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	21,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	13,540	...	...	62.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,005	...	...	4.6	...	...
Row house	760	...	...	3.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	830	...	...	3.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,610	...	...	25.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	21,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	6,130	...	...	28.1	...	...
2 persons	7,960	...	...	36.5	...	...
3 persons	3,115	...	...	14.3	...	...
4 persons	3,210	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,400	...	...	6.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	51,715	25,160	26,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	43,130	20,615	22,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	26,565	13,270	13,300	61.6	64.4	59.1
Married	13,335	6,660	6,680	30.9	32.3	29.7
Living common-law	13,230	6,605	6,620	30.7	32.0	29.4
Living common law - Never married	10,670	5,275	5,395	24.7	25.6	24.0
Living common law - Separated	130	80	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	2,185	1,145	1,040	5.1	5.6	4.6
Living common law - Widowed	245	110	135	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	16,565	7,350	9,215	38.4	35.7	40.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	11,000	5,620	5,380	25.5	27.3	23.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	445	205	240	1.0	1.0	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,925	1,020	1,905	6.8	4.9	8.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,190	505	1,690	5.1	2.4	7.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	15,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	8,020	...	...	52.0	...	...
3 persons	3,050	...	...	19.8	...	...
4 persons	3,140	...	...	20.4	...	...
5 or more persons	1,195	...	...	7.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	15,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	13,095	...	...	85.0	...	...
Married couples	6,475	...	...	42.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,660	...	...	17.3	...	...
Without children	3,815	...	...	24.8	...	...
Common-law couples	6,615	...	...	42.9	...	...
With children⁶	3,750	...	...	24.3	...	...
Without children	2,860	...	...	18.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,320	...	...	15.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,605	...	...	10.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	715	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	51,715	25,160	26,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	44,060	21,885	22,180	85.2	87.0	83.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	26,185	13,080	13,100	50.6	52.0	49.3
Parents in one-parent families	2,320	720	1,600	4.5	2.9	6.0
Children⁶	15,560	8,080	7,475	30.1	32.1	28.2
In a two-parent family	12,025	6,225	5,805	23.3	24.7	21.9
In a one-parent family	3,540	1,860	1,675	6.8	7.4	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,650	3,280	4,375	14.8	13.0	16.5
Living alone	6,130	2,560	3,570	11.9	10.2	13.4
Living with other relatives⁷	700	260	440	1.4	1.0	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	820	460	365	1.6	1.8	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	21,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	14,575	...	...	66.8	...	...
Couple-family households	12,490	...	...	57.3	...	...
With children⁶	6,140	...	...	28.2	...	...
Without children	6,355	...	...	29.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,080	...	...	9.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	270	...	...	1.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	345	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	430	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	6,125	...	...	28.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	41,885	20,195	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,050	19,785	21,265	98.0	98.0	98.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	57,200	43,600	49,600	57,200	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,060	19,795	21,270	98.0	98.0	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	48,000	38,400	42,800	48,000	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,680	18,975	19,705	92.3	94.0	90.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	51,200	34,000	41,600	51,200	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,420	15,915	15,510	75.0	78.8	71.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	52,400	38,000	44,400	52,400	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,960	14,065	17,890	76.3	69.6	82.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	9,600	11,600	10,800	9,600	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,590	2,310	2,285	11.0	11.4	10.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,120	6,000	5,520	5,120	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,020	5,580	5,440	26.3	27.6	25.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,045	19,810	21,235	98.1	98.1	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,150	68,500	50,440	59,150	68,500	50,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,045	19,810	21,235	98.1	98.1	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,720	53,850	41,960	47,720	53,850	41,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,645	19,025	19,615	92.4	94.3	90.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	63,000	42,920	52,800	63,000	42,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,360	15,905	15,455	75.0	78.8	71.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,400	61,300	45,200	53,400	61,300	45,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,870	14,075	17,795	76.2	69.7	82.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,170	11,240	12,920	12,170	11,240	12,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,680	2,390	2,290	11.2	11.8	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,480	5,950	9,070	7,480	5,950	9,070
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,025	5,545	5,475	26.4	27.5	25.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,620	7,240	8,010	7,620	7,240	8,010
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,970	8,540	7,435	38.2	42.3	34.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	76,500	59,600	69,000	76,500	59,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,100	86,200	66,600	77,100	86,200	66,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,360	5,790	6,570	29.5	28.7	30.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	22,800	18,800	20,400	22,800	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,720	37,760	28,240	32,720	37,760	28,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	88.4	78.6	84.0	88.4	78.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.0	71.8	65.2	69.0	71.8	65.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.0	11.7	21.4	16.0	11.7	21.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.1	1.9	1.4	1.1	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0	3.3	4.9	4.0	3.3	4.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	3.0	4.1	3.5	3.0	4.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	41,880	20,190	21,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	830	410	425	2.0	2.0	2.0
With total income	41,050	19,785	21,265	98.0	98.0	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,470	1,025	1,445	6.0	5.2	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	3,870	1,415	2,455	9.4	7.2	11.5
$20,000 to $29,999	5,220	2,035	3,185	12.7	10.3	15.0
$30,000 to $39,999	4,455	1,810	2,645	10.9	9.1	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	4,650	2,080	2,570	11.3	10.5	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	4,485	2,145	2,345	10.9	10.8	11.0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,560	1,805	1,755	8.7	9.1	8.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,885	1,600	1,285	7.0	8.1	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,470	1,360	1,110	6.0	6.9	5.2
$90,000 to $99,999	1,815	1,020	795	4.4	5.2	3.7
$100,000 and over	5,170	3,480	1,685	12.6	17.6	7.9
$100,000 to $149,999	3,680	2,385	1,295	9.0	12.1	6.1
$150,000 and over	1,490	1,095	395	3.6	5.5	1.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	41,880	20,190	21,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	825	405	420	2.0	2.0	1.9
With after-tax income	41,060	19,790	21,265	98.0	98.0	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,750	1,090	1,660	6.7	5.5	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	4,110	1,535	2,575	10.0	7.8	12.1
$20,000 to $29,999	6,125	2,425	3,695	14.9	12.3	17.4
$30,000 to $39,999	5,860	2,525	3,335	14.3	12.8	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	6,055	2,940	3,110	14.7	14.9	14.6
$50,000 to $59,999	4,965	2,575	2,385	12.1	13.0	11.2
$60,000 to $69,999	3,835	2,135	1,700	9.3	10.8	8.0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,635	1,430	1,200	6.4	7.2	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,685	1,035	650	4.1	5.2	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	975	625	355	2.4	3.2	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,065	1,470	595	5.0	7.4	2.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,130	760	365	2.8	3.8	1.7
$125,000 and over	935	710	230	2.3	3.6	1.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	41,880	20,190	21,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,460	4,285	6,180	25.0	21.2	28.5
With employment income	31,420	15,910	15,510	75.0	78.8	71.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,795	1,955	1,835	12.1	12.3	11.8
$5,000 to $9,999	2,245	945	1,295	7.1	5.9	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	3,360	1,385	1,970	10.7	8.7	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,535	1,015	1,520	8.1	6.4	9.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,535	1,085	1,450	8.1	6.8	9.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,765	1,255	1,510	8.8	7.9	9.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,665	1,320	1,345	8.5	8.3	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	2,240	1,180	1,060	7.1	7.4	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	2,015	1,130	885	6.4	7.1	5.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,945	1,045	905	6.2	6.6	5.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,315	825	490	4.2	5.2	3.2
$100,000 and over	4,010	2,775	1,230	12.8	17.4	7.9
$100,000 to $124,999	2,000	1,310	690	6.4	8.2	4.4
$125,000 and over	2,010	1,470	540	6.4	9.2	3.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	41,885	20,195	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	40,265	19,400	20,865	96.1	96.1	96.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	56,800	41,600	48,400	56,800	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	40,295	19,410	20,885	96.2	96.1	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,600	36,400	41,600	47,600	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,040	18,635	19,405	90.8	92.3	89.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	53,200	35,200	43,200	53,200	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,360	15,855	15,505	74.9	78.5	71.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	54,000	38,400	45,200	54,000	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,515	12,130	16,390	68.1	60.1	75.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,100	6,160	8,900	8,100	6,160	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,340	2,270	2,070	10.4	11.2	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,720	4,040	5,880	4,720	4,040	5,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,210	19,380	20,830	96.1	96.0	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,200	67,000	48,080	57,200	67,000	48,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,250	19,380	20,870	96.2	96.0	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,480	51,550	39,840	45,480	51,550	39,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,005	18,675	19,325	90.8	92.5	89.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,350	63,900	43,160	53,350	63,900	43,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,325	15,890	15,435	74.9	78.7	71.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,400	61,600	44,960	53,400	61,600	44,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,585	12,210	16,380	68.3	60.5	75.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,540	8,650	10,210	9,540	8,650	10,210
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,510	2,380	2,130	10.8	11.8	9.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,930	5,220	8,850	6,930	5,220	8,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,910	8,515	7,395	38.0	42.2	34.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500	75,000	56,000	65,500	75,000	56,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,000	83,200	61,200	73,000	83,200	61,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,660	5,475	6,185	27.9	27.1	28.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	31,400	26,400	28,000	31,400	26,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,000	42,680	33,920	38,000	42,680	33,920
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.2	91.8	83.2	88.2	91.8	83.2
Employment income (%)	72.8	75.4	69.4	72.8	75.4	69.4
Government transfers (%)	11.9	8.1	16.7	11.9	8.1	16.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.0	1.9	1.4	1.0	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	21,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	6,125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	21,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...	111,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,800	...	...	89,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,135	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,000	...	...	55,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,160	...	...	45,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,670	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	133,400	...	...	133,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,300	...	...	107,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	21,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	240	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	805	...	...	3.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	585	...	...	2.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	485	...	...	2.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	635	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	725	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	780	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,545	...	...	7.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,395	...	...	6.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,385	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,425	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,325	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,200	...	...	46.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,855	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,295	...	...	10.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,845	...	...	13.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,205	...	...	10.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	21,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	260	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	870	...	...	4.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	725	...	...	3.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	625	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	885	...	...	4.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	980	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	945	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,760	...	...	8.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,820	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,570	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,510	...	...	6.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,700	...	...	35.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,105	...	...	14.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,035	...	...	9.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,555	...	...	11.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	15,390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	6,440	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,950	3,020	3,930	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	50,400	41,600	45,200	50,400	41,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	42,400	36,800	39,200	42,400	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	15,395	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,300	...	...	107,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,475	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,200	...	...	111,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,200	...	...	90,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,425	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	171,800	...	...	171,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,800	...	...	135,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,230	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,900	...	...	88,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,700	...	...	74,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,950	2,980	3,970	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,750	60,650	48,520	53,750	60,650	48,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,200	48,400	41,080	44,200	48,400	41,080
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	51,710	25,165	26,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,725	5,925	5,800	22.7	23.5	21.8
0 to 5 years	3,460	1,765	1,695	6.7	7.0	6.4
18 to 64 years	30,360	14,835	15,525	58.7	59.0	58.5
65 years and over	9,630	4,405	5,225	18.6	17.5	19.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,980	1,230	1,745	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	480	255	225	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	105	60	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,380	635	745	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,120	345	770	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.8	4.9	6.6	5.8	4.9	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	4.1	4.2	3.9	4.1	4.2	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	3.3	2.9	3.1	3.3	2.9
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.3	4.8	4.6	4.3	4.8
65 years and over (%)	11.6	7.9	14.7	11.6	7.9	14.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	51,715	25,160	26,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,720	5,920	5,805	22.7	23.5	21.9
0 to 5 years	3,455	1,765	1,690	6.7	7.0	6.4
18 to 64 years	30,360	14,835	15,525	58.7	59.0	58.5
65 years and over	9,630	4,405	5,230	18.6	17.5	19.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	880	440	440	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	110	55	55	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	650	335	310	...	...	...
65 years and over	120	40	75	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9
0 to 5 years (%)	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.4
18 to 64 years (%)	2.1	2.3	2.0	2.1	2.3	2.0
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	51,715	25,165	26,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	21,155	9,755	11,400	40.9	38.8	42.9
In bottom decile	2,510	1,090	1,420	4.9	4.3	5.3
In second decile	3,355	1,420	1,940	6.5	5.6	7.3
In third decile	4,225	2,000	2,225	8.2	7.9	8.4
In fourth decile	5,215	2,460	2,760	10.1	9.8	10.4
In fifth decile	5,855	2,795	3,060	11.3	11.1	11.5
In top half of the distribution	30,555	15,415	15,145	59.1	61.3	57.0
In sixth decile	6,570	3,250	3,315	12.7	12.9	12.5
In seventh decile	6,590	3,280	3,310	12.7	13.0	12.5
In eighth decile	6,710	3,405	3,310	13.0	13.5	12.5
In ninth decile	6,040	3,080	2,960	11.7	12.2	11.1
In top decile	4,650	2,400	2,250	9.0	9.5	8.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	51,715	...	...	51,715	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.289	...	...	0.289	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.381	...	...	0.381	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.248	...	...	0.248	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	52,465	25,445	27,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	290	140	150	0.6	0.6	0.6
French only	24,630	11,025	13,605	46.9	43.3	50.4
English and French	27,475	14,240	13,230	52.4	56.0	49.0
Neither English nor French	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	52,465	25,445	27,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,950	985	965	3.7	3.9	3.6
French	49,790	24,100	25,700	94.9	94.7	95.1
English and French	655	335	325	1.2	1.3	1.2
Neither English nor French	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	52,465	25,445	27,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	51,400	24,920	26,475	98.0	97.9	98.0
Official languages	49,675	24,085	25,590	94.7	94.7	94.7
English	1,565	795	770	3.0	3.1	2.9
French	48,110	23,290	24,820	91.7	91.5	91.9
Non-official languages	1,725	835	885	3.3	3.3	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,715	835	880	3.3	3.3	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	215	115	100	0.4	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	175	90	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	175	90	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,165	575	590	2.2	2.3	2.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	90	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	185	90	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	65	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
German	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	815	385	430	1.6	1.5	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	95	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	115	50	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	75	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	535	250	280	1.0	1.0	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,070	520	545	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	780	385	400	1.5	1.5	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	195	100	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	52,465	25,445	27,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,060	530	525	2.0	2.1	1.9
French	46,540	22,485	24,060	88.7	88.4	89.1
Non-official language	390	195	190	0.7	0.8	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	390	200	190	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and French	2,970	1,520	1,455	5.7	6.0	5.4
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	840	375	460	1.6	1.5	1.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	535	275	260	1.0	1.1	1.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	52,465	25,445	27,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	51,425	24,945	26,475	98.0	98.0	98.0
Official languages	50,645	24,555	26,085	96.5	96.5	96.6
English	1,665	830	835	3.2	3.3	3.1
French	48,975	23,725	25,255	93.3	93.2	93.5
Non-official languages	780	390	390	1.5	1.5	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	780	390	390	1.5	1.5	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	550	280	270	1.0	1.1	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	390	195	195	0.7	0.8	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	280	135	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,045	505	540	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	750	370	385	1.4	1.5	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	190	85	105	0.4	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	52,465	25,450	27,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	48,900	23,655	25,245	93.2	92.9	93.4
English	1,835	960	875	3.5	3.8	3.2
French	780	380	400	1.5	1.5	1.5
Non-official language	555	255	300	1.1	1.0	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	555	255	300	1.1	1.0	1.1
English and French	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	235	120	115	0.4	0.5	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	51,680	25,155	26,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	51,640	25,130	26,505	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	27,455	14,230	13,230	53.1	56.6	49.9
French	51,375	25,015	26,360	99.4	99.4	99.4
Non-official languages	4,020	1,885	2,135	7.8	7.5	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,015	1,885	2,130	7.8	7.5	8.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	380	230	150	0.7	0.9	0.6
Berber languages	80	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	75	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	365	225	140	0.7	0.9	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	360	220	140	0.7	0.9	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	60	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Vietnamese	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	170	85	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	145	85	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,055	1,390	1,665	5.9	5.5	6.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	255	125	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	255	125	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	170	90	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	160	140	0.6	0.6	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	260	145	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
German	260	145	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,565	1,120	1,445	5.0	4.5	5.4
Catalan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	240	125	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	185	85	105	0.4	0.3	0.4
Romanian	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	2,170	930	1,240	4.2	3.7	4.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	100	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	65	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	160	65	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	140	65	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	51,680	25,155	26,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	505	250	255	1.0	1.0	1.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	485	240	245	0.9	1.0	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	350	185	165	0.7	0.7	0.6
Métis	130	50	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	51,180	24,905	26,275	99.0	99.0	99.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	51,680	25,155	26,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	95	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	51,590	25,100	26,490	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	16,545	...	...	75.9	...	...
Renter	5,255	...	...	24.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,150	...	...	14.4	...	...
Not condominium	18,650	...	...	85.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	1,635	...	...	7.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,810	...	...	26.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,060	...	...	37.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,225	...	...	28.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,915	...	...	22.5	...	...
5 rooms	2,915	...	...	13.4	...	...
6 rooms	2,170	...	...	10.0	...	...
7 rooms	2,860	...	...	13.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,940	...	...	41.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	21,745	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	21,505	...	...	98.6	...	...
Not suitable	295	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,960	...	...	13.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,020	...	...	32.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,835	...	...	13.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,500	...	...	11.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,630	...	...	7.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,200	...	...	10.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,475	...	...	6.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,180	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	20,800	...	...	95.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,000	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	10,525	...	...	48.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	10,865	...	...	49.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	410	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	290	...	...	1.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,495	...	...	11.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,360	...	...	20.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,955	...	...	18.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,490	...	...	20.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,715	...	...	17.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,090	...	...	9.6	...	...
85 years and over	405	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	21,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,165	...	...	88.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,620	...	...	12.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,475	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	21,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,710	...	...	17.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,435	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not suitable only	250	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	820	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	160	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	18,090	...	...	83.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	21,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	970	...	...	4.5	...	...
Not in core need	20,675	...	...	95.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,540	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	68.2	...	...	68.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.5	...	...	8.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,344	...	...	1,344	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	421,200	...	...	421,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,260	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.1	...	...	9.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.1	...	...	23.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	958	...	...	958	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	51,685	25,155	26,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	495	205	290	1.0	0.8	1.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	495	205	290	1.0	0.8	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	465	195	265	0.9	0.8	1.0
Métis single ancestry	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,580	785	800	3.1	3.1	3.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,575	785	790	3.0	3.1	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,450	715	735	2.8	2.8	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	49,605	24,165	25,445	96.0	96.1	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	51,685	25,155	26,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	50,825	24,770	26,055	98.3	98.5	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,580	5,855	5,725	22.4	23.3	21.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	39,245	18,915	20,330	75.9	75.2	76.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	855	385	470	1.7	1.5	1.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	51,685	25,155	26,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	48,710	23,690	25,015	94.2	94.2	94.3
Immigrants⁸¹	2,770	1,365	1,405	5.4	5.4	5.3
Before 1980	575	320	255	1.1	1.3	1.0
1980 to 1990	305	125	185	0.6	0.5	0.7
1991 to 2000	300	165	135	0.6	0.7	0.5
2001 to 2010	790	370	415	1.5	1.5	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	800	380	420	1.5	1.5	1.6
2011 to 2015	505	250	260	1.0	1.0	1.0
2016 to 2021	295	130	165	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	205	100	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,770	1,360	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	355	185	170	12.8	13.6	12.1
5 to 14 years	540	270	270	19.5	19.9	19.2
15 to 24 years	395	195	205	14.3	14.3	14.6
25 to 44 years	1,315	620	690	47.5	45.6	49.1
45 years and over	160	95	70	5.8	7.0	5.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,770	1,360	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	665	290	375	24.0	21.3	26.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	115	45	70	4.2	3.3	5.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	130	70	65	4.7	5.1	4.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	45	10	35	1.6	0.7	2.5
Peru	55	25	30	2.0	1.8	2.1
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	95	35	60	3.4	2.6	4.3
Other places of birth in Americas	205	95	105	7.4	7.0	7.5
Europe	1,255	655	605	45.3	48.2	43.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	0	0.7	0.7	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	660	345	320	23.8	25.4	22.8
Germany	30	15	10	1.1	1.1	0.7
Greece	20	20	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	40	15	20	1.4	1.1	1.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Portugal	45	25	20	1.6	1.8	1.4
Romania	60	30	30	2.2	2.2	2.1
Russian Federation	40	20	20	1.4	1.5	1.4
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	25	20	1.6	1.8	1.4
Other places of birth in Europe	275	140	140	9.9	10.3	10.0
Africa	560	285	270	20.2	21.0	19.2
Algeria	145	80	70	5.2	5.9	5.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	25	20	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	75	50	25	2.7	3.7	1.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	305	140	170	11.0	10.3	12.1
Asia	290	130	155	10.5	9.6	11.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	20	15	10	0.7	1.1	0.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	80	30	50	2.9	2.2	3.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Viet Nam	50	20	25	1.8	1.5	1.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	10	0.5	0.7	0.7
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	30	45	2.9	2.2	3.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	295	130	160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	25	35	18.6	19.2	21.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	10	15	8.5	7.7	9.4
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	3.4	7.7	0.0
Europe	150	60	85	50.8	46.2	53.1
France	70	25	40	23.7	19.2	25.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	40	30	23.7	30.8	18.8
Africa	65	35	30	22.0	26.9	18.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	5.1	0.0	6.3
Asia	30	10	20	10.2	7.7	12.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	51,680	25,155	26,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,220	1,575	1,645	6.2	6.3	6.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,015	1,520	1,500	5.8	6.0	5.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	45,450	22,065	23,385	87.9	87.7	88.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,195	1,040	1,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,450	695	755	66.1	66.8	65.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	650	395	255	29.6	38.0	22.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	805	300	505	36.7	28.8	43.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	580	285	300	26.4	27.4	26.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	150	65	85	6.8	6.3	7.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,195	1,040	1,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	80	20	55	3.6	1.9	4.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	220	125	90	10.0	12.0	7.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	105	35	65	4.8	3.4	5.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	125	65	60	5.7	6.3	5.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,650	785	860	75.2	75.5	74.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	51,680	25,155	26,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,045	960	1,085	4.0	3.8	4.1
South Asian	85	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese	220	75	145	0.4	0.3	0.5
Black	800	380	425	1.5	1.5	1.6
Filipino	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	185	115	70	0.4	0.5	0.3
Latin American	375	170	205	0.7	0.7	0.8
Southeast Asian	240	115	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	49,635	24,195	25,445	96.0	96.2	95.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	51,680	25,155	26,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	18,030	8,750	9,275	34.9	34.8	35.0
English	1,110	510	600	2.1	2.0	2.3
Irish	3,215	1,590	1,620	6.2	6.3	6.1
Scottish	1,095	540	555	2.1	2.1	2.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	16,450	8,045	8,395	31.8	32.0	31.6
German	840	460	380	1.6	1.8	1.4
Chinese	265	105	160	0.5	0.4	0.6
Italian	1,395	640	750	2.7	2.5	2.8
Indian (India)	75	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	110	65	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	150	95	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Polish	295	160	135	0.6	0.6	0.5
Québécois	6,330	3,155	3,175	12.2	12.5	12.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	155	95	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Filipino	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	4,600	2,195	2,405	8.9	8.7	9.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,055	500	550	2.0	2.0	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	990	485	505	1.9	1.9	1.9
Métis	150	65	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	760	315	440	1.5	1.3	1.7
Russian	115	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norwegian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	285	120	160	0.6	0.5	0.6
American	340	170	165	0.7	0.7	0.6
Spanish	525	215	310	1.0	0.9	1.2
Swedish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	100	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Acadian	535	235	305	1.0	0.9	1.1
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	160	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jewish	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	95	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	155	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	155	85	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lebanese	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	270	135	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
Danish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	180	90	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	50	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belgian	615	330	285	1.2	1.3	1.1
Haitian	320	145	175	0.6	0.6	0.7
Hindu	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	230	125	100	0.4	0.5	0.4
Finnish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	170	100	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	95	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	195	85	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
Moroccan	75	50	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syrian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	70	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Brazilian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	150	50	100	0.3	0.2	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Congolese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	130	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber	90	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuban	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Latvian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Franco Ontarian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	60	10	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	145	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	170	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	75	15	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	165	90	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
Norman	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	51,680	25,155	26,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	135	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Christian	34,340	16,205	18,135	66.4	64.4	68.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,335	1,120	1,215	4.5	4.5	4.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	95	25	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baptist	145	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	30,505	14,345	16,160	59.0	57.0	60.9
Christian Orthodox	305	145	160	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	120	45	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	105	65	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	475	240	235	0.9	1.0	0.9
Hindu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	345	185	150	0.7	0.7	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	130	60	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	16,705	8,615	8,090	32.3	34.2	30.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	51,145	24,855	26,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	46,370	22,575	23,790	90.7	90.8	90.5
Movers	4,775	2,275	2,495	9.3	9.2	9.5
Non-migrants	1,455	685	775	2.8	2.8	2.9
Migrants	3,315	1,595	1,720	6.5	6.4	6.5
Internal migrants	3,220	1,550	1,670	6.3	6.2	6.4
Intraprovincial migrants	3,190	1,545	1,650	6.2	6.2	6.3
Interprovincial migrants	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
External migrants	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	48,990	23,725	25,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	30,750	14,960	15,790	62.8	63.1	62.5
Movers	18,240	8,765	9,470	37.2	36.9	37.5
Non-migrants	4,140	2,015	2,125	8.5	8.5	8.4
Migrants	14,100	6,755	7,345	28.8	28.5	29.1
Internal migrants	13,670	6,550	7,115	27.9	27.6	28.2
Intraprovincial migrants	13,435	6,430	7,005	27.4	27.1	27.7
Interprovincial migrants	230	120	110	0.5	0.5	0.4
External migrants	430	200	235	0.9	0.8	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,965	3,320	2,645	14.3	16.4	12.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	35,870	16,865	19,005	85.7	83.6	87.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,025	13,015	14,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,360	1,485	870	8.7	11.4	6.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	24,665	11,530	13,140	91.3	88.6	93.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,125	2,770	2,355	12.3	13.7	10.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,690	4,260	4,425	20.8	21.1	20.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,020	13,150	14,865	67.0	65.1	68.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,120	8,380	8,740	40.9	41.5	40.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,430	3,880	2,555	15.4	19.2	11.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,555	2,260	2,295	10.9	11.2	10.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,875	1,615	260	4.5	8.0	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,565	3,635	4,930	20.5	18.0	22.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,120	870	1,255	5.1	4.3	5.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,895	4,770	6,130	26.0	23.6	28.3
Bachelor's degree	7,120	3,040	4,080	17.0	15.1	18.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,070	425	650	2.6	2.1	3.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	280	115	165	0.7	0.6	0.8
Master's degree	2,185	1,060	1,125	5.2	5.3	5.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	235	125	110	0.6	0.6	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,020	13,015	14,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,780	1,105	670	6.6	8.5	4.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,235	2,200	2,035	15.7	16.9	14.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,010	9,705	11,300	77.8	74.6	80.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,485	6,215	6,275	46.2	47.8	44.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,855	2,900	1,955	18.0	22.3	14.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,405	1,625	1,775	12.6	12.5	12.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,450	1,275	175	5.4	9.8	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,130	2,675	3,450	22.7	20.6	24.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,505	640	865	5.6	4.9	6.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	8,525	3,490	5,030	31.6	26.8	35.9
Bachelor's degree	5,590	2,320	3,275	20.7	17.8	23.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	805	280	525	3.0	2.2	3.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	220	70	145	0.8	0.5	1.0
Master's degree	1,745	755	990	6.5	5.8	7.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	70	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	13,815	7,035	6,785	33.0	34.9	31.3
Education	2,320	490	1,830	5.5	2.4	8.5
13. Education	2,320	490	1,830	5.5	2.4	8.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,295	475	820	3.1	2.4	3.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	215	125	85	0.5	0.6	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	1,075	345	730	2.6	1.7	3.4
Humanities	1,330	525	805	3.2	2.6	3.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	160	15	145	0.4	0.1	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	760	325	430	1.8	1.6	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	100	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	170	50	120	0.4	0.2	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,680	835	1,840	6.4	4.1	8.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	470	145	330	1.1	0.7	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	560	60	500	1.3	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	485	175	310	1.2	0.9	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	105	20	85	0.3	0.1	0.4
42. Psychology	420	75	340	1.0	0.4	1.6
45. Social sciences	620	355	265	1.5	1.8	1.2
Business, management and public administration	7,220	2,905	4,315	17.3	14.4	19.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	65	300	0.9	0.3	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,860	2,845	4,015	16.4	14.1	18.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	845	495	350	2.0	2.5	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	330	155	175	0.8	0.8	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	80	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	115	70	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
40. Physical sciences	195	145	40	0.5	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	45	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,020	675	345	2.4	3.3	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	825	590	230	2.0	2.9	1.1
25. Library science	60	0	60	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,260	4,790	470	12.6	23.7	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	220	115	105	0.5	0.6	0.5
14. Engineering	1,035	910	125	2.5	4.5	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,050	940	105	2.5	4.7	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,390	1,345	50	3.3	6.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	935	910	30	2.2	4.5	0.1
48. Precision production	635	575	60	1.5	2.8	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	730	310	420	1.7	1.5	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	585	245	340	1.4	1.2	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	65	80	0.4	0.3	0.4
Health and related fields	3,405	565	2,840	8.1	2.8	13.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	255	135	115	0.6	0.7	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,055	415	2,645	7.3	2.1	12.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,925	1,085	835	4.6	5.4	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	850	195	655	2.0	1.0	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	655	530	130	1.6	2.6	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	410	360	50	1.0	1.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,025	13,010	14,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,015	3,310	2,710	22.3	25.4	19.3
Education	1,625	320	1,305	6.0	2.5	9.3
13. Education	1,625	320	1,305	6.0	2.5	9.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,030	360	665	3.8	2.8	4.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	105	75	0.7	0.8	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	845	255	590	3.1	2.0	4.2
Humanities	815	315	500	3.0	2.4	3.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	135	15	120	0.5	0.1	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	435	195	240	1.6	1.5	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	75	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	100	25	80	0.4	0.2	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,105	595	1,505	7.8	4.6	10.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	105	270	1.4	0.8	1.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	445	35	410	1.6	0.3	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	400	120	275	1.5	0.9	2.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	80	20	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
42. Psychology	320	45	270	1.2	0.3	1.9
45. Social sciences	470	260	210	1.7	2.0	1.5
Business, management and public administration	5,405	2,050	3,355	20.0	15.8	23.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	55	230	1.1	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,130	2,000	3,130	19.0	15.4	22.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	300	240	2.0	2.3	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	105	160	1.0	0.8	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	45	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	145	100	45	0.5	0.8	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	815	565	250	3.0	4.3	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	695	520	175	2.6	4.0	1.2
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	35	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,115	3,700	415	15.2	28.4	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	175	85	85	0.6	0.7	0.6
14. Engineering	835	715	125	3.1	5.5	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	810	725	85	3.0	5.6	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,125	1,080	40	4.2	8.3	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	685	665	20	2.5	5.1	0.1
48. Precision production	495	440	55	1.8	3.4	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	585	210	365	2.2	1.6	2.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	455	170	290	1.7	1.3	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	50	80	0.5	0.4	0.6
Health and related fields	2,445	405	2,040	9.0	3.1	14.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	200	105	95	0.7	0.8	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,165	295	1,870	8.0	2.3	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	60	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,525	865	660	5.6	6.6	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	640	140	500	2.4	1.1	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	555	445	110	2.1	3.4	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	335	285	50	1.2	2.2	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	27,025	13,010	14,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,015	3,310	2,710	22.3	25.4	19.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	21,010	9,705	11,305	77.7	74.6	80.7
Location of study inside Canada	20,080	9,235	10,850	74.3	71.0	77.4
Same as province or territory of residence	19,775	9,045	10,730	73.2	69.5	76.6
Different than province or territory of residence	310	190	120	1.1	1.5	0.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	930	470	460	3.4	3.6	3.3
Americas	215	105	110	0.8	0.8	0.8
United States of America	70	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mexico	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cuba	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	510	260	250	1.9	2.0	1.8
Belgium	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	320	175	140	1.2	1.3	1.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Africa	135	80	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	70	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Morocco	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	41,835	20,185	21,650	...	...	...
In the labour force	28,760	14,555	14,205	...	...	...
Employed	27,265	13,790	13,470	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,490	755	735	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	13,075	5,635	7,440	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.7	72.1	65.6	68.7	72.1	65.6
Employment rate	65.2	68.3	62.2	65.2	68.3	62.2
Unemployment rate	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	41,835	20,185	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,560	5,280	7,280	30.0	26.2	33.6
Worked	29,275	14,905	14,365	70.0	73.8	66.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	16,330	8,805	7,530	39.0	43.6	34.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	12,945	6,100	6,840	30.9	30.2	31.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.2	42.0	42.6	43.2	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	28,760	14,550	14,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	430	150	280	1.5	1.0	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	28,325	14,400	13,930	98.5	99.0	98.1
Employee	24,650	12,340	12,310	85.7	84.8	86.7
Permanent position	21,125	10,720	10,405	73.5	73.7	73.2
Temporary position	3,525	1,620	1,905	12.3	11.1	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,015	380	630	3.5	2.6	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,515	1,240	1,275	8.7	8.5	9.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,670	2,055	1,620	12.8	14.1	11.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	28,760	14,550	14,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	430	150	280	1.5	1.0	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	28,325	14,400	13,930	98.5	99.0	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	760	540	220	2.6	3.7	1.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,745	1,940	3,810	20.0	13.3	26.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,435	1,890	545	8.5	13.0	3.8
3 Health occupations	2,275	370	1,910	7.9	2.5	13.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,065	1,285	2,790	14.1	8.8	19.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	950	470	480	3.3	3.2	3.4
6 Sales and service occupations	6,565	3,030	3,535	22.8	20.8	24.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,360	4,000	360	15.2	27.5	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	290	245	40	1.0	1.7	0.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	870	635	240	3.0	4.4	1.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	28,760	14,550	14,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	430	150	280	1.5	1.0	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	28,325	14,400	13,930	98.5	99.0	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	220	135	80	0.8	0.9	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	60	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
22 Utilities	355	240	115	1.2	1.6	0.8
23 Construction	2,410	2,040	365	8.4	14.0	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	2,695	1,850	845	9.4	12.7	5.9
41 Wholesale trade	950	665	285	3.3	4.6	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	3,615	1,755	1,860	12.6	12.1	13.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,040	795	245	3.6	5.5	1.7
51 Information and cultural industries	705	445	260	2.5	3.1	1.8
52 Finance and insurance	1,525	740	785	5.3	5.1	5.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	405	160	240	1.4	1.1	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,475	1,300	1,175	8.6	8.9	8.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	750	485	265	2.6	3.3	1.9
61 Educational services	2,435	680	1,750	8.5	4.7	12.3
62 Health care and social assistance	3,680	595	3,085	12.8	4.1	21.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	520	305	215	1.8	2.1	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,240	560	680	4.3	3.8	4.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,290	560	730	4.5	3.8	5.1
91 Public administration	1,900	990	915	6.6	6.8	6.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	30,565	15,465	15,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	515	290	225	1.7	1.9	1.5
French	22,500	10,935	11,570	73.6	70.7	76.6
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	7,345	4,140	3,205	24.0	26.8	21.2
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	170	85	85	0.6	0.5	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	30,565	15,465	15,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,695	14,960	14,730	97.2	96.7	97.6
Official languages	29,655	14,945	14,710	97.0	96.6	97.4
English	1,615	945	670	5.3	6.1	4.4
French	28,040	13,995	14,045	91.7	90.5	93.0
Non-official languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	870	510	365	2.8	3.3	2.4
English and French	850	495	350	2.8	3.2	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	30,565	15,465	15,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	23,860	11,705	12,150	78.1	75.7	80.5
English	5,470	3,035	2,430	17.9	19.6	16.1
French	1,080	640	440	3.5	4.1	2.9
Non-official language	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	27,265	13,790	13,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	6,445	2,995	3,445	23.6	21.7	25.6
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,025	2,350	680	11.1	17.0	5.0
Usual place of work	17,770	8,430	9,345	65.2	61.1	69.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	17,770	8,425	9,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,545	1,425	2,120	19.9	16.9	22.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,840	1,645	2,205	21.6	19.5	23.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,350	5,340	5,010	58.2	63.4	53.6
Commute to a different province or territory	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	20,800	10,780	10,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	18,800	9,910	8,895	90.4	91.9	88.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	17,880	9,470	8,415	86.0	87.8	84.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	925	445	480	4.4	4.1	4.8
Public transit	755	345	415	3.6	3.2	4.1
Walked	750	285	465	3.6	2.6	4.6
Bicycle	215	125	90	1.0	1.2	0.9
Other method	270	110	160	1.3	1.0	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	20,800	10,780	10,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,665	2,365	3,295	27.2	21.9	32.9
15 to 29 minutes	6,655	3,395	3,260	32.0	31.5	32.5
30 to 44 minutes	5,145	2,980	2,165	24.7	27.6	21.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,910	1,220	685	9.2	11.3	6.8
60 minutes and over	1,425	810	615	6.9	7.5	6.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	20,800	10,780	10,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,800	1,505	295	8.7	14.0	2.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,825	2,465	1,365	18.4	22.9	13.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,450	2,870	3,585	31.0	26.6	35.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,150	1,595	2,560	20.0	14.8	25.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,080	880	1,200	10.0	8.2	12.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,485	1,465	1,020	11.9	13.6	10.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	11,895	6,005	5,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,300	640	660	10.9	10.7	11.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,595	5,370	5,230	89.1	89.4	88.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,900	4,485	4,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	985	475	510	11.1	10.6	11.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	645	310	340	7.2	6.9	7.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	335	165	175	3.8	3.7	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,915	4,015	3,900	88.9	89.5	88.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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