Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Bellechasse, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	38,000	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	37,233	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	18,000	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	16,229	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	21.7	...	...	21.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,749.91	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	38,000	19,595	18,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,860	3,585	3,280	18.1	18.3	17.8
0 to 4 years	2,285	1,200	1,090	6.0	6.1	5.9
5 to 9 years	2,420	1,280	1,145	6.4	6.5	6.2
10 to 14 years	2,155	1,105	1,050	5.7	5.6	5.7
15 to 64 years	22,515	11,765	10,755	59.3	60.0	58.4
15 to 19 years	1,740	870	870	4.6	4.4	4.7
20 to 24 years	1,555	855	700	4.1	4.4	3.8
25 to 29 years	1,965	985	985	5.2	5.0	5.4
30 to 34 years	2,295	1,160	1,135	6.0	5.9	6.2
35 to 39 years	2,305	1,255	1,050	6.1	6.4	5.7
40 to 44 years	2,420	1,300	1,115	6.4	6.6	6.1
45 to 49 years	2,065	1,095	975	5.4	5.6	5.3
50 to 54 years	2,185	1,145	1,045	5.8	5.8	5.7
55 to 59 years	2,940	1,530	1,405	7.7	7.8	7.6
60 to 64 years	3,035	1,565	1,470	8.0	8.0	8.0
65 years and over	8,620	4,245	4,380	22.7	21.7	23.8
65 to 69 years	2,585	1,295	1,290	6.8	6.6	7.0
70 to 74 years	2,335	1,205	1,130	6.1	6.1	6.1
75 to 79 years	1,610	835	775	4.2	4.3	4.2
80 to 84 years	995	510	485	2.6	2.6	2.6
85 years and over	1,095	400	695	2.9	2.0	3.8
85 to 89 years	665	275	390	1.8	1.4	2.1
90 to 94 years	320	100	225	0.8	0.5	1.2
95 to 99 years	95	25	70	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.1	18.3	17.8	18.1	18.3	17.8
15 to 64 years	59.3	60.0	58.4	59.3	60.0	58.4
65 years and over	22.7	21.7	23.8	22.7	21.7	23.8
85 years and over	2.9	2.0	3.8	2.9	2.0	3.8
Average age of the population	43.5	43.0	44.1	43.5	43.0	44.1
Median age of the population	44.8	44.0	45.2	44.8	44.0	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	12,690	...	...	78.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	835	...	...	5.1	...	...
Row house	165	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	605	...	...	3.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,740	...	...	10.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	16,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,090	...	...	31.4	...	...
2 persons	6,195	...	...	38.2	...	...
3 persons	1,885	...	...	11.6	...	...
4 persons	1,950	...	...	12.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,100	...	...	6.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	36,975	19,220	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	31,140	16,010	15,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	19,550	9,795	9,750	62.8	61.2	64.4
Married	9,830	4,945	4,885	31.6	30.9	32.3
Living common-law	9,720	4,855	4,870	31.2	30.3	32.2
Living common law - Never married	8,385	4,160	4,230	26.9	26.0	28.0
Living common law - Separated	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,120	595	525	3.6	3.7	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	155	65	85	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	11,590	6,210	5,375	37.2	38.8	35.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,955	4,730	3,220	25.5	29.5	21.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	310	175	135	1.0	1.1	0.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,560	850	710	5.0	5.3	4.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,770	455	1,315	5.7	2.8	8.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,100	...	...	56.1	...	...
3 persons	1,830	...	...	16.8	...	...
4 persons	1,915	...	...	17.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,040	...	...	9.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	9,615	...	...	88.4	...	...
Married couples	4,765	...	...	43.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,455	...	...	13.4	...	...
Without children	3,305	...	...	30.4	...	...
Common-law couples	4,855	...	...	44.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,785	...	...	25.6	...	...
Without children	2,070	...	...	19.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,260	...	...	11.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	820	...	...	7.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	435	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	36,975	19,220	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	30,915	15,680	15,235	83.6	81.6	85.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	19,240	9,605	9,630	52.0	50.0	54.3
Parents in one-parent families	1,255	440	820	3.4	2.3	4.6
Children⁶	10,420	5,635	4,785	28.2	29.3	27.0
In a two-parent family	8,430	4,490	3,940	22.8	23.4	22.2
In a one-parent family	1,990	1,150	845	5.4	6.0	4.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,055	3,535	2,520	16.4	18.4	14.2
Living alone	5,090	2,960	2,130	13.8	15.4	12.0
Living with other relatives⁷	400	220	185	1.1	1.1	1.0
Living with non-relatives only	560	360	200	1.5	1.9	1.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	16,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	10,550	...	...	65.0	...	...
Couple-family households	9,390	...	...	57.9	...	...
With children⁶	4,135	...	...	25.5	...	...
Without children	5,255	...	...	32.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,160	...	...	7.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	145	...	...	0.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	325	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	5,090	...	...	31.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	30,115	15,640	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,730	15,465	14,265	98.7	98.9	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	46,400	37,200	42,000	46,400	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,740	15,470	14,270	98.8	98.9	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,000	33,600	37,200	40,000	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,545	14,580	12,965	91.5	93.2	89.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,400	27,600	34,000	40,400	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,190	12,155	10,030	73.7	77.7	69.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,400	32,400	37,600	42,400	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,980	12,695	12,290	82.9	81.2	84.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	9,100	12,400	11,000	9,100	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,075	2,425	1,655	13.5	15.5	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,280	4,760	6,000	5,280	4,760	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,645	4,410	3,235	25.4	28.2	22.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,000	6,000	5,480	5,000	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	30,115	15,650	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,705	15,435	14,270	98.6	98.6	98.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,760	51,250	41,840	46,760	51,250	41,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,725	15,450	14,280	98.7	98.7	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,480	42,400	36,320	39,480	42,400	36,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,545	14,565	12,980	91.5	93.1	89.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,280	44,760	33,160	39,280	44,760	33,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,185	12,170	10,020	73.7	77.8	69.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,040	44,920	36,320	41,040	44,920	36,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,840	12,615	12,225	82.5	80.6	84.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,330	11,020	13,680	12,330	11,020	13,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,010	2,295	1,720	13.3	14.7	11.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,930	5,555	8,770	6,930	5,555	8,770
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,880	4,520	3,360	26.2	28.9	23.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,610	6,240	7,120	6,610	6,240	7,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	30,115	15,645	14,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,215	6,490	4,725	37.2	41.5	32.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	53,200	48,800	51,600	53,200	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,450	58,800	53,200	56,450	58,800	53,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,605	4,365	4,235	28.6	27.9	29.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	29,400	18,200	22,800	29,400	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,160	34,120	24,080	29,160	34,120	24,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.0	82.4	72.0	78.0	82.4	72.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.6	69.2	60.9	65.6	69.2	60.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.0	17.6	28.0	22.0	17.6	28.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.6	2.5	2.0	1.6	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	4.2	5.1	4.6	4.2	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.6	4.0	3.8	3.6	4.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	30,115	15,640	14,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	385	175	210	1.3	1.1	1.5
With total income	29,725	15,470	14,260	98.7	98.9	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,535	645	890	5.2	4.2	6.2
$10,000 to $19,999	3,635	1,395	2,245	12.2	9.0	15.7
$20,000 to $29,999	4,915	2,440	2,470	16.5	15.8	17.3
$30,000 to $39,999	3,970	1,850	2,115	13.4	12.0	14.8
$40,000 to $49,999	4,250	2,255	1,995	14.3	14.6	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,770	2,120	1,650	12.7	13.7	11.6
$60,000 to $69,999	2,625	1,550	1,075	8.8	10.0	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,760	1,115	645	5.9	7.2	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,180	750	435	4.0	4.8	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	705	435	270	2.4	2.8	1.9
$100,000 and over	1,385	910	475	4.7	5.9	3.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,080	685	395	3.6	4.4	2.8
$150,000 and over	310	225	85	1.0	1.5	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	30,115	15,640	14,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	370	170	205	1.2	1.1	1.4
With after-tax income	29,740	15,475	14,270	98.8	98.9	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,655	680	970	5.6	4.4	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	3,820	1,505	2,320	12.8	9.7	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	5,655	2,780	2,875	19.0	18.0	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	5,380	2,745	2,640	18.1	17.7	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	5,355	3,065	2,295	18.0	19.8	16.1
$50,000 to $59,999	3,490	2,040	1,450	11.7	13.2	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,075	1,255	825	7.0	8.1	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,030	605	425	3.5	3.9	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	555	310	245	1.9	2.0	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	270	170	100	0.9	1.1	0.7
$100,000 and over	445	315	135	1.5	2.0	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	260	180	85	0.9	1.2	0.6
$125,000 and over	190	135	55	0.6	0.9	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	30,115	15,640	14,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,925	3,485	4,440	26.3	22.3	30.7
With employment income	22,185	12,155	10,035	73.7	77.7	69.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,500	1,380	1,125	11.3	11.4	11.2
$5,000 to $9,999	1,585	685	900	7.1	5.6	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,630	1,185	1,445	11.9	9.7	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,360	1,080	1,280	10.6	8.9	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,635	1,365	1,275	11.9	11.2	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	3,025	1,705	1,320	13.6	14.0	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,380	1,435	945	10.7	11.8	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,675	1,095	580	7.6	9.0	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,100	740	365	5.0	6.1	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	875	550	320	3.9	4.5	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	460	295	170	2.1	2.4	1.7
$100,000 and over	955	640	310	4.3	5.3	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	545	340	210	2.5	2.8	2.1
$125,000 and over	410	305	105	1.8	2.5	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	30,115	15,640	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,450	15,335	14,115	97.8	98.0	97.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,800	34,800	40,000	44,800	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,465	15,340	14,125	97.8	98.1	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,400	31,400	35,200	38,400	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,150	14,425	12,725	90.2	92.2	87.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,000	29,000	35,600	42,000	29,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,430	12,250	10,185	74.5	78.3	70.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,200	32,000	38,000	43,200	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,455	11,090	11,370	74.6	70.9	78.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,900	6,800	10,300	8,900	6,800	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,935	2,305	1,630	13.1	14.7	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,400	3,880	5,400	4,400	3,880	5,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	30,115	15,650	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,415	15,295	14,125	97.7	97.7	97.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,520	49,520	39,040	44,520	49,520	39,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,435	15,295	14,135	97.7	97.7	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,480	40,840	33,880	37,480	40,840	33,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,185	14,420	12,765	90.3	92.1	88.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	45,720	33,120	39,800	45,720	33,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,370	12,225	10,145	74.3	78.1	70.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,920	45,480	35,400	40,920	45,480	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,455	11,090	11,365	74.6	70.9	78.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,110	8,890	11,310	10,110	8,890	11,310
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,090	2,340	1,750	13.6	15.0	12.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,350	4,840	8,370	6,350	4,840	8,370
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	30,115	15,645	14,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,160	6,440	4,715	37.1	41.2	32.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	52,400	44,400	48,800	52,400	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,300	57,050	48,160	53,300	57,050	48,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,285	4,250	4,035	27.5	27.2	27.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,400	35,200	21,200	27,400	35,200	21,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,320	38,880	27,480	33,320	38,880	27,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.6	87.0	76.8	82.6	87.0	76.8
Employment income (%)	70.0	73.4	65.0	70.0	73.4	65.0
Government transfers (%)	17.4	13.0	23.3	17.4	13.0	23.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.5	2.7	2.0	1.5	2.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	16,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	11,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	16,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,300	...	...	72,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,075	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,040	...	...	43,040	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,000	...	...	37,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	11,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,900	...	...	104,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,400	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	16,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	155	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	260	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	975	...	...	6.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	515	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	590	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	845	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	795	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	740	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,370	...	...	8.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,250	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,165	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,130	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,025	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,275	...	...	32.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,075	...	...	12.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,380	...	...	8.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,250	...	...	7.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	565	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	16,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,025	...	...	6.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	640	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	775	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,035	...	...	6.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	990	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	880	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,540	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,440	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,350	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,250	...	...	7.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,115	...	...	6.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,605	...	...	22.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,895	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	955	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	755	...	...	4.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,245	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,650	3,315	2,335	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	43,600	33,600	38,800	43,600	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	37,600	30,600	34,400	37,600	30,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,900	...	...	104,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,400	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,260	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,900	...	...	87,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,600	...	...	74,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,400	...	...	135,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,600	...	...	112,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...	65,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,660	3,270	2,395	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,720	46,320	37,800	42,720	46,320	37,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,680	39,080	33,400	36,680	39,080	33,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	36,975	19,220	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,950	4,095	3,855	21.5	21.3	21.7
0 to 5 years	2,795	1,475	1,315	7.6	7.7	7.4
18 to 64 years	21,295	11,175	10,115	57.6	58.1	57.0
65 years and over	7,730	3,950	3,780	20.9	20.6	21.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,570	1,785	1,785	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	425	230	195	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	130	70	65	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,365	740	630	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,780	820	960	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.7	9.3	10.1	9.7	9.3	10.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	5.6	5.0	5.3	5.6	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.6	6.2	6.4	6.6	6.2
65 years and over (%)	23.0	20.7	25.4	23.0	20.7	25.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	36,970	19,220	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,955	4,100	3,850	21.5	21.3	21.7
0 to 5 years	2,790	1,475	1,320	7.5	7.7	7.4
18 to 64 years	21,290	11,175	10,120	57.6	58.1	57.0
65 years and over	7,730	3,950	3,780	20.9	20.6	21.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	525	295	230	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	30	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	390	235	155	...	...	...
65 years and over	70	35	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	0.8	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.7	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.8	0.6	0.9
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	2.1	1.5	1.8	2.1	1.5
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	36,975	19,220	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	21,175	10,920	10,255	57.3	56.8	57.8
In bottom decile	2,655	1,335	1,320	7.2	6.9	7.4
In second decile	4,200	2,110	2,090	11.4	11.0	11.8
In third decile	4,580	2,345	2,235	12.4	12.2	12.6
In fourth decile	4,720	2,515	2,205	12.8	13.1	12.4
In fifth decile	5,030	2,620	2,405	13.6	13.6	13.5
In top half of the distribution	15,795	8,300	7,495	42.7	43.2	42.2
In sixth decile	4,900	2,580	2,315	13.3	13.4	13.0
In seventh decile	4,215	2,195	2,025	11.4	11.4	11.4
In eighth decile	3,390	1,785	1,605	9.2	9.3	9.0
In ninth decile	2,200	1,160	1,040	5.9	6.0	5.9
In top decile	1,090	575	515	2.9	3.0	2.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	36,970	...	...	36,970	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.265	...	...	0.265	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.390	...	...	0.390	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.228	...	...	0.228	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	37,645	19,460	18,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
French only	28,960	14,610	14,350	76.9	75.1	78.9
English and French	8,555	4,760	3,795	22.7	24.5	20.9
Neither English nor French	60	45	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	37,645	19,460	18,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	320	185	140	0.9	1.0	0.8
French	37,185	19,175	18,010	98.8	98.5	99.0
English and French	85	55	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	55	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	37,645	19,460	18,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,410	19,335	18,080	99.4	99.4	99.4
Official languages	37,050	19,100	17,955	98.4	98.2	98.7
English	285	155	135	0.8	0.8	0.7
French	36,765	18,945	17,820	97.7	97.4	98.0
Non-official languages	360	240	125	1.0	1.2	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	360	240	125	1.0	1.2	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	25	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	205	130	75	0.5	0.7	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	110	70	0.5	0.6	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	135	90	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	235	120	110	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	175	90	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	37,645	19,460	18,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	125	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
French	36,485	18,790	17,695	96.9	96.6	97.3
Non-official language	125	85	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	85	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
English and French	600	345	255	1.6	1.8	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	210	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	70	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	37,645	19,460	18,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,460	19,355	18,110	99.5	99.5	99.6
Official languages	37,260	19,225	18,035	99.0	98.8	99.1
English	175	95	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	37,085	19,130	17,950	98.5	98.3	98.7
Non-official languages	205	130	70	0.5	0.7	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	205	130	70	0.5	0.7	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	20	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	85	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	80	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	65	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	100	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	37,645	19,455	18,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	36,905	19,030	17,875	98.0	97.8	98.3
English	460	275	190	1.2	1.4	1.0
French	80	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	36,970	19,220	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	36,955	19,220	17,740	100.0	100.0	99.9
English	8,600	4,895	3,710	23.3	25.5	20.9
French	36,870	19,165	17,705	99.7	99.7	99.7
Non-official languages	905	505	395	2.4	2.6	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	905	505	395	2.4	2.6	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	130	100	35	0.4	0.5	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Merina	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	75	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	590	290	295	1.6	1.5	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
German	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	535	265	270	1.4	1.4	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	505	250	250	1.4	1.3	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	36,975	19,220	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	375	200	180	1.0	1.0	1.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	335	170	165	0.9	0.9	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	230	110	120	0.6	0.6	0.7
Métis	105	65	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	36,600	19,025	17,570	99.0	99.0	99.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	36,975	19,220	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	155	80	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	36,820	19,145	17,675	99.6	99.6	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	12,730	...	...	78.5	...	...
Renter	3,495	...	...	21.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	720	...	...	4.4	...	...
Not condominium	15,505	...	...	95.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,400	...	...	8.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,240	...	...	26.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,070	...	...	37.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,500	...	...	27.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,460	...	...	21.3	...	...
5 rooms	2,640	...	...	16.3	...	...
6 rooms	2,695	...	...	16.6	...	...
7 rooms	2,510	...	...	15.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,925	...	...	30.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,195	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	15,985	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	245	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,275	...	...	32.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,155	...	...	25.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,645	...	...	10.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,305	...	...	8.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	645	...	...	4.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,045	...	...	6.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,335	...	...	8.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	820	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	15,475	...	...	95.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	755	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,980	...	...	55.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,080	...	...	43.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	160	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	320	...	...	2.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,110	...	...	13.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,620	...	...	16.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,590	...	...	16.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,445	...	...	21.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,055	...	...	18.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,560	...	...	9.6	...	...
85 years and over	520	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	15,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,245	...	...	91.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,345	...	...	8.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,270	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	16,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,220	...	...	13.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,240	...	...	7.6	...	...
Not suitable only	210	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	640	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	14,010	...	...	86.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	15,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	520	...	...	3.4	...	...
Not in core need	14,995	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,225	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.6	...	...	56.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	770	...	...	770	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	912	...	...	912	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	229,200	...	...	229,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,400	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.9	...	...	10.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.6	...	...	15.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	636	...	...	636	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	644	...	...	644	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	36,975	19,220	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	455	195	260	1.2	1.0	1.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	450	195	260	1.2	1.0	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	380	165	210	1.0	0.9	1.2
Métis single ancestry	75	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	485	255	230	1.3	1.3	1.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	485	255	230	1.3	1.3	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	465	250	220	1.3	1.3	1.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	36,030	18,765	17,265	97.4	97.6	97.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	36,970	19,220	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	36,495	18,915	17,580	98.7	98.4	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,885	4,075	3,810	21.3	21.2	21.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	28,610	14,840	13,765	77.4	77.2	77.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	475	305	170	1.3	1.6	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	36,970	19,220	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	36,120	18,665	17,450	97.7	97.1	98.3
Immigrants⁸¹	585	370	215	1.6	1.9	1.2
Before 1980	90	55	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
1980 to 1990	50	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	75	60	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
2001 to 2010	135	70	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	235	165	75	0.6	0.9	0.4
2011 to 2015	110	80	25	0.3	0.4	0.1
2016 to 2021	125	75	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	265	180	90	0.7	0.9	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	585	375	215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	65	25	35	11.1	6.7	16.3
5 to 14 years	110	70	45	18.8	18.7	20.9
15 to 24 years	100	65	35	17.1	17.3	16.3
25 to 44 years	275	185	85	47.0	49.3	39.5
45 years and over	40	25	15	6.8	6.7	7.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	585	375	215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	190	115	75	32.5	30.7	34.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	4.7
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	105	75	30	17.9	20.0	14.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	1.7	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	45	20	25	7.7	5.3	11.6
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	205	140	65	35.0	37.3	30.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	155	105	55	26.5	28.0	25.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	30	0	5.1	8.0	0.0
Africa	135	85	45	23.1	22.7	20.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	15	15	4.3	4.0	7.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	60	35	16.2	16.0	16.3
Asia	55	30	25	9.4	8.0	11.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	3.4	0.0	4.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	4.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	2.6	2.7	4.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	130	80	50	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	20	10	19.2	25.0	20.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	0	0	11.5	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	30	15	34.6	37.5	30.0
France	45	25	15	34.6	31.3	30.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	50	30	20	38.5	37.5	40.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	15	10	19.2	18.8	20.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	36,970	19,220	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	970	600	365	2.6	3.1	2.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	630	350	280	1.7	1.8	1.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	35,375	18,270	17,105	95.7	95.1	96.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	495	320	175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	260	180	75	52.5	56.3	42.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130	125	10	26.3	39.1	5.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125	60	70	25.3	18.8	40.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	150	85	65	30.3	26.6	37.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85	50	35	17.2	15.6	20.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	2.0	3.1	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	495	320	175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	15	10	5.1	4.7	5.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	70	20	18.2	21.9	11.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	30	15	9.1	9.4	8.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	340	205	130	68.7	64.1	74.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	36,975	19,220	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	690	405	285	1.9	2.1	1.6
South Asian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	70	15	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	300	195	110	0.8	1.0	0.6
Filipino	80	55	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Arab	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	105	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	36,280	18,815	17,470	98.1	97.9	98.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	36,970	19,225	17,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	15,515	7,965	7,545	42.0	41.4	42.5
English	165	90	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Irish	1,050	515	535	2.8	2.7	3.0
Scottish	260	105	155	0.7	0.5	0.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,125	4,280	3,840	22.0	22.3	21.6
German	220	105	120	0.6	0.5	0.7
Chinese	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Italian	240	110	135	0.6	0.6	0.8
Indian (India)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Polish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Québécois	6,460	3,410	3,055	17.5	17.7	17.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Filipino	60	45	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
French Canadian	4,410	2,290	2,125	11.9	11.9	12.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	720	370	355	1.9	1.9	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	390	190	205	1.1	1.0	1.2
Métis	105	40	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	255	130	130	0.7	0.7	0.7
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	115	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	410	180	235	1.1	0.9	1.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	805	455	350	2.2	2.4	2.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	105	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	125	80	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	45	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	165	85	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	55	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Norman	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	36,975	19,220	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian	29,660	15,100	14,555	80.2	78.6	82.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,475	1,260	1,210	6.7	6.6	6.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catholic	26,830	13,660	13,170	72.6	71.1	74.2
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	165	75	90	0.4	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	130	85	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	7,175	4,040	3,130	19.4	21.0	17.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	36,540	18,990	17,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	33,510	17,520	15,995	91.7	92.3	91.1
Movers	3,030	1,475	1,555	8.3	7.8	8.9
Non-migrants	1,025	475	550	2.8	2.5	3.1
Migrants	2,005	995	1,005	5.5	5.2	5.7
Internal migrants	1,890	945	940	5.2	5.0	5.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,845	920	925	5.0	4.8	5.3
Interprovincial migrants	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	110	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	34,700	18,015	16,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	25,090	13,175	11,915	72.3	73.1	71.4
Movers	9,605	4,840	4,770	27.7	26.9	28.6
Non-migrants	2,455	1,260	1,200	7.1	7.0	7.2
Migrants	7,150	3,580	3,570	20.6	19.9	21.4
Internal migrants	6,870	3,405	3,465	19.8	18.9	20.8
Intraprovincial migrants	6,785	3,370	3,415	19.6	18.7	20.5
Interprovincial migrants	80	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
External migrants	280	175	105	0.8	1.0	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	30,115	15,645	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,340	4,235	3,105	24.4	27.1	21.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	22,775	11,410	11,365	75.6	72.9	78.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,070	9,895	9,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,100	1,995	1,110	16.3	20.2	12.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,970	7,900	8,070	83.7	79.8	87.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	30,115	15,645	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,345	3,455	2,890	21.1	22.1	20.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,245	3,185	3,055	20.7	20.4	21.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,525	9,005	8,515	58.2	57.6	58.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,805	7,480	6,325	45.8	47.8	43.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,480	5,020	2,470	24.8	32.1	17.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,345	3,245	2,095	17.7	20.7	14.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,140	1,765	375	7.1	11.3	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,550	2,215	3,335	18.4	14.2	23.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	770	245	525	2.6	1.6	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,720	1,525	2,195	12.4	9.7	15.2
Bachelor's degree	2,655	1,060	1,590	8.8	6.8	11.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	315	120	200	1.0	0.8	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	65	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	540	230	310	1.8	1.5	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,070	9,895	9,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,455	1,490	965	12.9	15.1	10.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,340	1,750	1,585	17.5	17.7	17.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,280	6,655	6,625	69.6	67.3	72.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,435	5,620	4,810	54.7	56.8	52.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,960	3,900	2,060	31.3	39.4	22.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,345	2,580	1,765	22.8	26.1	19.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,615	1,320	295	8.5	13.3	3.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,010	1,570	2,435	21.0	15.9	26.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	465	150	315	2.4	1.5	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,850	1,030	1,815	14.9	10.4	19.8
Bachelor's degree	2,040	730	1,310	10.7	7.4	14.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	80	165	1.3	0.8	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	425	160	265	2.2	1.6	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	30,115	15,645	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,595	6,640	5,950	41.8	42.4	41.1
Education	1,465	300	1,160	4.9	1.9	8.0
13. Education	1,465	300	1,160	4.9	1.9	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	345	130	220	1.1	0.8	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	300	95	210	1.0	0.6	1.5
Humanities	565	250	315	1.9	1.6	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	70	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	295	125	165	1.0	0.8	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	80	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	970	245	720	3.2	1.6	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	70	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	335	0	330	1.1	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	160	50	105	0.5	0.3	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	105	20	90	0.3	0.1	0.6
45. Social sciences	205	85	115	0.7	0.5	0.8
Business, management and public administration	3,440	970	2,465	11.4	6.2	17.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	50	190	0.8	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,190	920	2,275	10.6	5.9	15.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	395	185	210	1.3	1.2	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	40	85	0.4	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	80	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
40. Physical sciences	100	85	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	360	230	130	1.2	1.5	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	315	210	105	1.0	1.3	0.7
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,140	4,790	350	17.1	30.6	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	75	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	325	290	35	1.1	1.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	850	720	125	2.8	4.6	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,355	1,285	65	4.5	8.2	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,405	1,360	45	4.7	8.7	0.3
48. Precision production	1,130	1,090	40	3.8	7.0	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,185	815	370	3.9	5.2	2.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,025	685	340	3.4	4.4	2.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	125	30	0.5	0.8	0.2
Health and related fields	2,050	265	1,785	6.8	1.7	12.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,980	240	1,740	6.6	1.5	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,620	820	795	5.4	5.2	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	850	150	700	2.8	1.0	4.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	160	100	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	585	550	30	1.9	3.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,070	9,890	9,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,790	3,240	2,550	30.4	32.8	27.8
Education	860	105	755	4.5	1.1	8.2
13. Education	860	105	755	4.5	1.1	8.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	245	90	155	1.3	0.9	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	210	60	145	1.1	0.6	1.6
Humanities	365	160	205	1.9	1.6	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	85	100	0.9	0.9	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	750	175	575	3.9	1.8	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	0	280	1.5	0.0	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	110	30	75	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	95	15	80	0.5	0.2	0.9
45. Social sciences	160	70	90	0.8	0.7	1.0
Business, management and public administration	2,730	725	2,005	14.3	7.3	21.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	40	155	1.0	0.4	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,530	680	1,850	13.3	6.9	20.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	115	135	1.3	1.2	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	25	75	0.5	0.3	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	85	65	20	0.4	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	185	90	1.4	1.9	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	250	170	80	1.3	1.7	0.9
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,960	3,630	325	20.8	36.7	3.5
04. Architecture and related services	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	260	225	40	1.4	2.3	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	675	550	125	3.5	5.6	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,000	955	50	5.2	9.7	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,130	1,085	45	5.9	11.0	0.5
48. Precision production	845	805	40	4.4	8.1	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,000	665	330	5.2	6.7	3.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	880	570	305	4.6	5.8	3.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	95	30	0.7	1.0	0.3
Health and related fields	1,595	190	1,405	8.4	1.9	15.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,555	185	1,370	8.2	1.9	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,255	610	645	6.6	6.2	7.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	670	105	560	3.5	1.1	6.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	125	70	50	0.7	0.7	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	455	420	30	2.4	4.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	19,070	9,890	9,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,790	3,240	2,550	30.4	32.8	27.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	13,280	6,650	6,630	69.6	67.2	72.2
Location of study inside Canada	12,990	6,455	6,535	68.1	65.3	71.2
Same as province or territory of residence	12,860	6,350	6,510	67.4	64.2	70.9
Different than province or territory of residence	130	105	25	0.7	1.1	0.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	290	195	90	1.5	2.0	1.0
Americas	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
United States of America	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Europe	105	70	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	95	60	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Asia	80	55	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	65	55	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	30,115	15,645	14,470	...	...	...
In the labour force	19,910	10,930	8,980	...	...	...
Employed	18,915	10,420	8,485	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,000	510	495	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	10,205	4,720	5,490	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.1	69.9	62.1	66.1	69.9	62.1
Employment rate	62.8	66.6	58.6	62.8	66.6	58.6
Unemployment rate	5.0	4.7	5.5	5.0	4.7	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	30,115	15,645	14,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,695	4,430	5,265	32.2	28.3	36.4
Worked	20,420	11,220	9,205	67.8	71.7	63.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	11,475	6,645	4,830	38.1	42.5	33.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,945	4,575	4,370	29.7	29.2	30.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.6	42.6	43.2	43.6	42.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	19,910	10,935	8,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	145	135	1.4	1.3	1.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	19,630	10,780	8,845	98.6	98.6	98.4
Employee	16,990	9,055	7,940	85.3	82.8	88.4
Permanent position	14,650	7,935	6,715	73.6	72.6	74.7
Temporary position	2,345	1,115	1,230	11.8	10.2	13.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	730	305	420	3.7	2.8	4.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,615	810	805	8.1	7.4	9.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,635	1,730	905	13.2	15.8	10.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	19,910	10,935	8,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	145	135	1.4	1.3	1.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	19,630	10,780	8,845	98.6	98.6	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	285	210	75	1.4	1.9	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,940	860	2,075	14.8	7.9	23.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	990	725	265	5.0	6.6	2.9
3 Health occupations	1,470	230	1,240	7.4	2.1	13.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,900	380	1,520	9.5	3.5	16.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	335	175	155	1.7	1.6	1.7
6 Sales and service occupations	3,520	1,335	2,190	17.7	12.2	24.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,530	4,250	290	22.8	38.9	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,445	1,070	375	7.3	9.8	4.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,220	1,555	660	11.2	14.2	7.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	19,910	10,935	8,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	145	135	1.4	1.3	1.5
All industries¹⁹¹	19,630	10,780	8,845	98.6	98.6	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,655	1,140	515	8.3	10.4	5.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	55	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	65	55	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
23 Construction	1,870	1,645	230	9.4	15.0	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	4,160	2,985	1,175	20.9	27.3	13.1
41 Wholesale trade	675	480	195	3.4	4.4	2.2
44-45 Retail trade	1,835	820	1,010	9.2	7.5	11.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	910	755	160	4.6	6.9	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	85	65	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
52 Finance and insurance	945	260	690	4.7	2.4	7.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	135	75	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	860	405	450	4.3	3.7	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	500	305	195	2.5	2.8	2.2
61 Educational services	970	190	780	4.9	1.7	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	2,570	380	2,190	12.9	3.5	24.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	65	80	0.7	0.6	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	485	160	330	2.4	1.5	3.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	990	540	445	5.0	4.9	5.0
91 Public administration	715	410	300	3.6	3.7	3.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	21,415	11,710	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	120	90	25	0.6	0.8	0.3
French	19,520	10,495	9,030	91.2	89.6	93.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,700	1,065	630	7.9	9.1	6.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	21,415	11,710	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,205	11,565	9,645	99.0	98.8	99.3
Official languages	21,205	11,555	9,645	99.0	98.7	99.3
English	295	200	95	1.4	1.7	1.0
French	20,905	11,360	9,550	97.6	97.0	98.4
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	210	150	65	1.0	1.3	0.7
English and French	205	140	65	1.0	1.2	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	21,415	11,710	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,850	10,735	9,115	92.7	91.7	93.9
English	1,330	825	500	6.2	7.0	5.1
French	180	110	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Non-official language	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	18,915	10,425	8,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,065	1,530	1,540	16.2	14.7	18.1
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,100	1,675	420	11.1	16.1	4.9
Usual place of work	13,735	7,205	6,530	72.6	69.1	77.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	13,735	7,205	6,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,800	1,915	1,885	27.7	26.6	28.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,605	1,950	1,660	26.2	27.1	25.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,325	3,340	2,980	46.1	46.4	45.6
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	15,830	8,885	6,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	14,550	8,245	6,300	91.9	92.8	90.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	13,775	7,880	5,900	87.0	88.7	85.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	775	365	405	4.9	4.1	5.8
Public transit	50	30	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Walked	915	400	515	5.8	4.5	7.4
Bicycle	95	80	20	0.6	0.9	0.3
Other method	225	125	100	1.4	1.4	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	15,830	8,885	6,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,295	2,765	2,525	33.4	31.1	36.4
15 to 29 minutes	5,440	2,995	2,440	34.4	33.7	35.1
30 to 44 minutes	3,405	1,995	1,410	21.5	22.5	20.3
45 to 59 minutes	1,045	660	385	6.6	7.4	5.5
60 minutes and over	650	460	190	4.1	5.2	2.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	15,830	8,885	6,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,370	1,095	275	8.7	12.3	4.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,905	2,715	1,190	24.7	30.6	17.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,050	2,545	2,505	31.9	28.6	36.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,410	910	1,500	15.2	10.2	21.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	725	200	525	4.6	2.3	7.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,375	1,420	955	15.0	16.0	13.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,065	4,160	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	375	195	180	4.6	4.7	4.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,690	3,965	3,725	95.4	95.3	95.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,595	2,870	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280	150	130	5.0	5.2	4.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	195	100	95	3.5	3.5	3.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	50	35	1.5	1.7	1.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,315	2,720	2,595	95.0	94.8	95.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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