Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Bécancour--Nicolet--Saurel--AlnôbakMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	96,435	48,480	47,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14,035	7,300	6,735	14.6	15.1	14.0
0 to 4 years	4,255	2,270	1,980	4.4	4.7	4.1
5 to 9 years	4,960	2,570	2,395	5.1	5.3	5.0
10 to 14 years	4,815	2,460	2,355	5.0	5.1	4.9
15 to 64 years	56,355	28,865	27,485	58.4	59.5	57.3
15 to 19 years	4,145	2,125	2,010	4.3	4.4	4.2
20 to 24 years	4,020	2,125	1,895	4.2	4.4	4.0
25 to 29 years	4,750	2,445	2,305	4.9	5.0	4.8
30 to 34 years	5,225	2,665	2,560	5.4	5.5	5.3
35 to 39 years	5,400	2,865	2,535	5.6	5.9	5.3
40 to 44 years	5,855	3,055	2,800	6.1	6.3	5.8
45 to 49 years	4,960	2,555	2,405	5.1	5.3	5.0
50 to 54 years	5,760	2,895	2,865	6.0	6.0	6.0
55 to 59 years	7,565	3,775	3,785	7.8	7.8	7.9
60 to 64 years	8,685	4,360	4,325	9.0	9.0	9.0
65 years and over	26,055	12,315	13,740	27.0	25.4	28.6
65 to 69 years	8,130	4,100	4,025	8.4	8.5	8.4
70 to 74 years	6,790	3,420	3,370	7.0	7.1	7.0
75 to 79 years	5,115	2,540	2,580	5.3	5.2	5.4
80 to 84 years	2,975	1,300	1,675	3.1	2.7	3.5
85 years and over	3,045	950	2,090	3.2	2.0	4.4
85 to 89 years	1,850	705	1,140	1.9	1.5	2.4
90 to 94 years	970	195	775	1.0	0.4	1.6
95 to 99 years	195	45	145	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.1	14.0	14.6	15.1	14.0
15 to 64 years	58.4	59.5	57.3	58.4	59.5	57.3
65 years and over	27.0	25.4	28.6	27.0	25.4	28.6
85 years and over	3.2	2.0	4.4	3.2	2.0	4.4
Average age of the population	46.6	45.5	47.7	46.6	45.5	47.7
Median age of the population	50.0	48.4	51.6	50.0	48.4	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	30,040	...	...	67.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,925	...	...	4.3	...	...
Row house	645	...	...	1.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,630	...	...	5.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,760	...	...	19.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	205	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	310	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	16,190	...	...	36.2	...	...
2 persons	17,340	...	...	38.8	...	...
3 persons	5,025	...	...	11.3	...	...
4 persons	4,085	...	...	9.1	...	...
5 or more persons	2,025	...	...	4.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	93,385	47,435	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	82,405	41,185	41,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	47,730	23,825	23,905	57.9	57.8	58.0
Married	24,500	12,220	12,285	29.7	29.7	29.8
Living common-law	23,225	11,605	11,620	28.2	28.2	28.2
Living common law - Never married	18,570	9,275	9,295	22.5	22.5	22.5
Living common law - Separated	195	100	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	3,850	1,960	1,885	4.7	4.8	4.6
Living common law - Widowed	610	270	345	0.7	0.7	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	34,675	17,355	17,320	42.1	42.1	42.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	22,340	12,775	9,560	27.1	31.0	23.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	925	480	445	1.1	1.2	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,815	2,680	3,135	7.1	6.5	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,595	1,415	4,180	6.8	3.4	10.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	27,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	17,075	...	...	62.2	...	...
3 persons	4,765	...	...	17.4	...	...
4 persons	3,905	...	...	14.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,710	...	...	6.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	27,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	23,420	...	...	85.3	...	...
Married couples	11,805	...	...	43.0	...	...
With children⁶	3,170	...	...	11.5	...	...
Without children	8,640	...	...	31.5	...	...
Common-law couples	11,615	...	...	42.3	...	...
With children⁶	5,665	...	...	20.6	...	...
Without children	5,945	...	...	21.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,030	...	...	14.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,805	...	...	10.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,225	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	93,385	47,435	45,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	73,270	36,770	36,495	78.5	77.5	79.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	46,840	23,415	23,420	50.2	49.4	51.0
Parents in one-parent families	4,030	1,225	2,805	4.3	2.6	6.1
Children⁶	22,400	12,125	10,275	24.0	25.6	22.4
In a two-parent family	16,310	8,780	7,535	17.5	18.5	16.4
In a one-parent family	6,085	3,345	2,740	6.5	7.1	6.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20,115	10,665	9,450	21.5	22.5	20.6
Living alone	16,190	8,560	7,630	17.3	18.0	16.6
Living with other relatives⁷	1,765	840	925	1.9	1.8	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	2,160	1,265	895	2.3	2.7	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	44,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	26,055	...	...	58.3	...	...
Couple-family households	22,480	...	...	50.3	...	...
With children⁶	8,450	...	...	18.9	...	...
Without children	14,035	...	...	31.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,575	...	...	8.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	405	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	80	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	680	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,260	...	...	2.8	...	...
One-person households	16,190	...	...	36.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	79,350	40,140	39,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	78,085	39,550	38,535	98.4	98.5	98.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,600	32,800	38,000	43,600	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	78,100	39,555	38,545	98.4	98.5	98.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,400	30,000	34,000	38,400	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	68,460	35,670	32,790	86.3	88.9	83.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	36,800	24,000	30,400	36,800	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	51,620	27,860	23,760	65.1	69.4	60.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,000	28,800	34,400	40,000	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	66,510	32,415	34,095	83.8	80.8	87.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	12,000	13,000	12,600	12,000	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,950	5,600	4,350	12.5	14.0	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,050	10,175	8,875	24.0	25.3	22.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	79,350	40,195	39,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	78,105	39,565	38,540	98.4	98.4	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,320	51,450	39,040	45,320	51,450	39,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	78,115	39,570	38,550	98.4	98.4	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,120	42,240	33,880	38,120	42,240	33,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	68,275	35,590	32,690	86.0	88.5	83.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,960	31,800	39,200	45,960	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	51,610	27,795	23,820	65.0	69.2	60.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,400	46,720	35,160	41,400	46,720	35,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	66,505	32,405	34,100	83.8	80.6	87.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,000	12,350	13,620	13,000	12,350	13,620
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,685	5,460	4,225	12.2	13.6	10.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,910	6,345	7,630	6,910	6,345	7,630
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,180	10,345	8,835	24.2	25.7	22.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,560	7,180	8,010	7,560	7,180	8,010
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	79,350	40,195	39,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	24,705	14,075	10,635	31.1	35.0	27.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	58,400	47,600	53,200	58,400	47,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,550	65,700	53,700	60,550	65,700	53,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	20,665	10,170	10,500	26.0	25.3	26.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	24,000	16,400	19,200	24,000	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,120	32,280	22,080	27,120	32,280	22,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	80.4	69.2	75.6	80.4	69.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.3	63.8	55.7	60.3	63.8	55.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	19.6	30.9	24.4	19.6	30.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.3	5.9	5.0	4.3	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.7	4.7	4.1	3.7	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	79,350	40,140	39,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,265	590	675	1.6	1.5	1.7
With total income	78,085	39,550	38,535	98.4	98.5	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,950	1,910	3,040	6.3	4.8	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	10,910	4,160	6,750	14.0	10.5	17.5
$20,000 to $29,999	14,285	6,445	7,840	18.3	16.3	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	11,155	5,335	5,830	14.3	13.5	15.1
$40,000 to $49,999	10,300	5,355	4,945	13.2	13.5	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	7,820	4,260	3,560	10.0	10.8	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	5,435	3,255	2,180	7.0	8.2	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	3,770	2,300	1,470	4.8	5.8	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	2,915	1,815	1,100	3.7	4.6	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	1,950	1,320	630	2.5	3.3	1.6
$100,000 and over	4,590	3,395	1,195	5.9	8.6	3.1
$100,000 to $149,999	3,650	2,695	950	4.7	6.8	2.5
$150,000 and over	945	700	245	1.2	1.8	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	79,350	40,140	39,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,250	580	670	1.6	1.5	1.7
With after-tax income	78,100	39,555	38,545	98.4	98.6	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,345	2,010	3,330	6.9	5.1	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	11,350	4,390	6,960	14.5	11.1	18.1
$20,000 to $29,999	16,545	7,540	9,005	21.2	19.1	23.4
$30,000 to $39,999	14,005	7,140	6,865	17.9	18.1	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	11,550	6,305	5,250	14.8	15.9	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	7,485	4,470	3,015	9.6	11.3	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	4,740	2,825	1,920	6.1	7.1	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,990	1,940	1,050	3.8	4.9	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,660	1,165	495	2.1	2.9	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	1,005	740	275	1.3	1.9	0.7
$100,000 and over	1,420	1,035	385	1.8	2.6	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	870	635	235	1.1	1.6	0.6
$125,000 and over	545	405	145	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	79,350	40,140	39,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	27,730	12,275	15,455	35.0	30.6	39.4
With employment income	51,620	27,860	23,760	65.1	69.4	60.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,215	3,955	3,260	14.0	14.2	13.7
$5,000 to $9,999	3,985	1,745	2,240	7.7	6.2	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	6,475	2,870	3,595	12.5	10.3	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	5,600	2,470	3,135	10.8	8.8	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	5,820	2,875	2,940	11.3	10.3	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	5,510	2,875	2,635	10.7	10.3	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	4,275	2,500	1,775	8.3	9.0	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,265	2,035	1,240	6.3	7.3	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	2,495	1,555	945	4.8	5.6	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,140	1,370	770	4.1	4.9	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	1,365	975	385	2.6	3.5	1.6
$100,000 and over	3,485	2,645	835	6.8	9.5	3.5
$100,000 to $124,999	2,055	1,540	515	4.0	5.5	2.2
$125,000 and over	1,430	1,105	325	2.8	4.0	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	79,350	40,140	39,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	77,195	39,090	38,105	97.3	97.4	97.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,000	29,400	35,600	42,000	29,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	77,245	39,095	38,150	97.3	97.4	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	36,800	27,000	32,000	36,800	27,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	67,590	35,330	32,260	85.2	88.0	82.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	38,400	25,400	31,400	38,400	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	52,215	28,160	24,060	65.8	70.2	61.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,400	28,800	34,400	40,400	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	61,350	29,515	31,835	77.3	73.5	81.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	9,100	10,500	9,800	9,100	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	9,660	5,565	4,100	12.2	13.9	10.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,720	4,880	4,480	4,720	4,880	4,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	79,350	40,195	39,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	77,230	39,115	38,110	97.3	97.3	97.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,120	50,160	35,880	43,120	50,160	35,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	77,275	39,115	38,165	97.4	97.3	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,120	41,040	31,080	36,120	41,040	31,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	67,455	35,290	32,165	85.0	87.8	82.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	47,240	31,640	39,800	47,240	31,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	52,150	28,025	24,125	65.7	69.7	61.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,360	47,440	34,240	41,360	47,440	34,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	61,250	29,440	31,810	77.2	73.2	81.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,540	10,020	11,020	10,540	10,020	11,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,605	5,565	4,040	12.1	13.8	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,420	5,925	7,090	6,420	5,925	7,090
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	79,350	40,195	39,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	24,610	14,025	10,585	31.0	34.9	27.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200	55,600	42,400	49,200	55,600	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,550	64,100	48,920	57,550	64,100	48,920
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	19,700	9,710	9,985	24.8	24.2	25.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	29,400	19,600	23,200	29,400	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,280	37,360	25,340	31,280	37,360	25,340
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6	85.0	74.4	80.6	85.0	74.4
Employment income (%)	64.8	67.8	60.4	64.8	67.8	60.4
Government transfers (%)	19.4	15.0	25.6	19.4	15.0	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	44,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	16,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	34,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,600	...	...	31,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	28,475	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	44,665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,300	...	...	79,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,700	...	...	66,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	16,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,920	...	...	42,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,440	...	...	36,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	28,510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...	99,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	44,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	730	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,180	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,265	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,955	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,980	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,445	...	...	5.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,375	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,260	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,920	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,550	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,145	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,840	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,425	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,100	...	...	27.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,495	...	...	10.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,065	...	...	6.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,970	...	...	6.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,570	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	44,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	280	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	770	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,235	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,450	...	...	7.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,375	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,410	...	...	5.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,890	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,810	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,545	...	...	5.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,585	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,090	...	...	9.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,485	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,865	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,400	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,215	...	...	18.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,055	...	...	9.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,180	...	...	4.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,975	...	...	4.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	27,645	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	14,115	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	8,880	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,925	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	18,350	9,830	8,520	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	38,000	30,400	34,400	38,000	30,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	33,600	28,600	31,000	33,600	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	27,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	14,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,600	...	...	86,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,700	...	...	72,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,850	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,400	...	...	135,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,900	...	...	111,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	18,305	9,955	8,355	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,120	45,760	37,800	42,120	45,760	37,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,840	38,120	33,160	35,840	38,120	33,160
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	93,385	47,435	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	16,600	8,635	7,960	17.8	18.2	17.3
0 to 5 years	5,220	2,770	2,450	5.6	5.8	5.3
18 to 64 years	53,315	27,145	26,170	57.1	57.2	57.0
65 years and over	23,475	11,660	11,820	25.1	24.6	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,755	6,115	6,635	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,675	875	805	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	550	290	260	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,810	2,955	2,850	...	...	...
65 years and over	5,270	2,285	2,980	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	12.9	14.4	13.7	12.9	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.1	10.1	10.1	10.1	10.1	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.5	10.6	10.6	10.5	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	10.9	10.9	10.9	10.9	10.9
65 years and over (%)	22.4	19.6	25.2	22.4	19.6	25.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	92,710	47,110	45,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	16,475	8,575	7,900	17.8	18.2	17.3
0 to 5 years	5,190	2,750	2,435	5.6	5.8	5.3
18 to 64 years	52,880	26,935	25,945	57.0	57.2	56.9
65 years and over	23,360	11,600	11,755	25.2	24.6	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,015	1,635	1,375	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	325	180	145	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	55	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,385	1,325	1,060	...	...	...
65 years and over	295	130	165	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.5	3.0	3.3	3.5	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.1	1.9
0 to 5 years (%)	1.9	2.0	1.8	1.9	2.0	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	4.9	4.1	4.5	4.9	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	93,380	47,440	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	57,660	28,680	28,980	61.7	60.5	63.1
In bottom decile	10,265	4,990	5,275	11.0	10.5	11.5
In second decile	12,535	6,075	6,465	13.4	12.8	14.1
In third decile	12,275	6,040	6,230	13.1	12.7	13.6
In fourth decile	11,520	5,855	5,665	12.3	12.3	12.3
In fifth decile	11,065	5,725	5,345	11.8	12.1	11.6
In top half of the distribution	35,725	18,760	16,965	38.3	39.5	36.9
In sixth decile	9,950	5,210	4,740	10.7	11.0	10.3
In seventh decile	8,945	4,685	4,255	9.6	9.9	9.3
In eighth decile	7,740	4,050	3,690	8.3	8.5	8.0
In ninth decile	5,690	3,010	2,675	6.1	6.3	5.8
In top decile	3,400	1,800	1,600	3.6	3.8	3.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	93,385	...	...	93,385	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.447	...	...	0.447	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	94,700	47,780	46,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	195	115	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
French only	69,335	33,675	35,665	73.2	70.5	76.0
English and French	25,020	13,885	11,130	26.4	29.1	23.7
Neither English nor French	145	105	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	94,700	47,780	46,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,035	545	490	1.1	1.1	1.0
French	93,220	46,970	46,255	98.4	98.3	98.6
English and French	300	165	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Neither English nor French	135	105	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	94,700	47,780	46,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	93,920	47,355	46,565	99.2	99.1	99.3
Official languages	92,550	46,605	45,940	97.7	97.5	97.9
English	910	470	440	1.0	1.0	0.9
French	91,635	46,135	45,500	96.8	96.6	97.0
Non-official languages	1,370	750	620	1.4	1.6	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,365	750	615	1.4	1.6	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	195	125	70	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	170	110	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	170	110	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	895	495	395	0.9	1.0	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	215	120	100	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	195	110	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	130	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	70	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	570	315	250	0.6	0.7	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	420	235	190	0.4	0.5	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	55	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	780	420	355	0.8	0.9	0.8
English and French	565	310	255	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	145	75	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	94,700	47,780	46,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	345	180	170	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	90,680	45,640	45,035	95.8	95.5	96.0
Non-official language	350	230	120	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	350	230	115	0.4	0.5	0.2
English and French	2,235	1,200	1,040	2.4	2.5	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	700	350	350	0.7	0.7	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	340	165	180	0.4	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	94,700	47,780	46,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	93,950	47,395	46,550	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	93,375	47,065	46,305	98.6	98.5	98.7
English	645	320	325	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	92,730	46,745	45,985	97.9	97.8	98.0
Non-official languages	575	330	240	0.6	0.7	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	575	330	240	0.6	0.7	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	380	230	155	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	155	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	230	150	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	750	380	365	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	465	235	235	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	220	115	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	94,700	47,780	46,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	92,030	46,380	45,645	97.2	97.1	97.3
English	1,590	870	720	1.7	1.8	1.5
French	435	210	220	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-official language	390	195	195	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	380	195	190	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	175	85	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	93,385	47,435	45,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	93,295	47,365	45,930	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	25,255	14,115	11,145	27.0	29.8	24.3
French	93,120	47,255	45,865	99.7	99.6	99.8
Non-official languages	3,545	1,760	1,780	3.8	3.7	3.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	25	25	0.0	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	45	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,500	1,740	1,760	3.7	3.7	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	215	125	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	185	110	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	175	110	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	95	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	70	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	155	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	140	75	70	0.1	0.2	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,755	1,335	1,410	3.0	2.8	3.1
Albanian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	65	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	105	65	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	370	215	155	0.4	0.5	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	345	205	140	0.4	0.4	0.3
German	300	180	120	0.3	0.4	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,295	1,070	1,220	2.5	2.3	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	245	145	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	130	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	2,000	920	1,080	2.1	1.9	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	75	15	55	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	65	10	50	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	93,380	47,440	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,930	930	995	2.1	2.0	2.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,795	875	920	1.9	1.8	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,360	660	700	1.5	1.4	1.5
Métis	390	195	200	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	105	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	91,460	46,505	44,955	97.9	98.0	97.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	93,380	47,440	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	790	385	410	0.8	0.8	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	92,590	47,055	45,540	99.2	99.2	99.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	31,035	...	...	69.5	...	...
Renter	13,605	...	...	30.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,325	...	...	5.2	...	...
Not condominium	42,340	...	...	94.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	100	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	5,010	...	...	11.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,335	...	...	32.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,770	...	...	35.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,455	...	...	21.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,285	...	...	27.5	...	...
5 rooms	8,540	...	...	19.1	...	...
6 rooms	6,330	...	...	14.2	...	...
7 rooms	5,475	...	...	12.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,030	...	...	26.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	44,595	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	44,065	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	600	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	13,160	...	...	29.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,015	...	...	33.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,260	...	...	11.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,365	...	...	7.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,440	...	...	3.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,225	...	...	5.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,150	...	...	4.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,060	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	41,885	...	...	93.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,785	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	26,970	...	...	60.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	17,190	...	...	38.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	505	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	44,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	970	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,230	...	...	11.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,740	...	...	15.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,185	...	...	13.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,020	...	...	22.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,370	...	...	21.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,850	...	...	10.9	...	...
85 years and over	1,295	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	43,585	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	38,920	...	...	89.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,665	...	...	10.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,415	...	...	10.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	44,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	7,500	...	...	16.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,185	...	...	9.4	...	...
Not suitable only	525	...	...	1.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,250	...	...	5.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	470	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	37,165	...	...	83.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	43,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,160	...	...	2.7	...	...
Not in core need	42,180	...	...	97.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,210	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.5	...	...	55.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	750	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	862	...	...	862	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	229,400	...	...	229,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,435	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.5	...	...	8.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.9	...	...	19.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	612	...	...	612	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	638	...	...	638	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	464	...	...	464	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	480	...	...	480	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	93,385	47,435	45,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,735	885	850	1.9	1.9	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,730	885	845	1.9	1.9	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,645	840	805	1.8	1.8	1.8
Métis single ancestry	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,175	1,040	1,135	2.3	2.2	2.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,165	1,035	1,130	2.3	2.2	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,005	955	1,055	2.1	2.0	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	140	80	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	89,470	45,510	43,965	95.8	95.9	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	93,385	47,440	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	92,535	46,965	45,565	99.1	99.0	99.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,475	8,535	7,940	17.6	18.0	17.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	76,065	38,430	37,625	81.5	81.0	81.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	850	470	375	0.9	1.0	0.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	93,385	47,440	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	91,035	46,185	44,850	97.5	97.4	97.6
Immigrants⁸¹	1,965	985	980	2.1	2.1	2.1
Before 1980	610	355	250	0.7	0.7	0.5
1980 to 1990	310	145	165	0.3	0.3	0.4
1991 to 2000	285	145	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
2001 to 2010	360	130	230	0.4	0.3	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	400	210	190	0.4	0.4	0.4
2011 to 2015	220	110	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	180	95	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	385	260	120	0.4	0.5	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,965	985	975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	270	150	130	13.7	15.2	13.3
5 to 14 years	390	200	190	19.8	20.3	19.5
15 to 24 years	385	205	180	19.6	20.8	18.5
25 to 44 years	805	380	420	41.0	38.6	43.1
45 years and over	115	50	65	5.9	5.1	6.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,965	985	975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	450	205	250	22.9	20.8	25.6
Brazil	30	10	15	1.5	1.0	1.5
Colombia	30	10	25	1.5	1.0	2.6
El Salvador	15	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.5
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	100	55	45	5.1	5.6	4.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	0	20	1.3	0.0	2.1
Peru	35	15	20	1.8	1.5	2.1
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
United States of America	85	30	55	4.3	3.0	5.6
Other places of birth in Americas	115	60	55	5.9	6.1	5.6
Europe	985	515	475	50.1	52.3	48.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	470	240	230	23.9	24.4	23.6
Germany	20	15	0	1.0	1.5	0.0
Greece	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	35	25	10	1.8	2.5	1.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	35	25	10	1.8	2.5	1.0
Romania	25	0	25	1.3	0.0	2.6
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10	0.8	1.0	1.0
Other places of birth in Europe	355	180	170	18.1	18.3	17.4
Africa	315	180	135	16.0	18.3	13.8
Algeria	40	30	10	2.0	3.0	1.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Egypt	30	15	10	1.5	1.5	1.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	40	25	15	2.0	2.5	1.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	200	105	100	10.2	10.7	10.3
Asia	200	85	115	10.2	8.6	11.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	25	20	2.3	2.5	2.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	20	1.3	1.0	2.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	1.0	0.0	2.1
Viet Nam	25	15	10	1.3	1.5	1.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	25	45	3.3	2.5	4.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	180	95	80	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	25	10	19.4	26.3	12.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	8.3	10.5	0.0
Europe	55	20	30	30.6	21.1	37.5
France	40	20	25	22.2	21.1	31.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	50	25	25	27.8	26.3	31.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	30	10	20	16.7	10.5	25.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	8.3	10.5	0.0
Asia	45	25	20	25.0	26.3	25.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	5.6	0.0	12.5
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	5.6	10.5	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	5.6	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	93,380	47,440	45,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,555	1,325	1,225	2.7	2.8	2.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,605	1,365	1,240	2.8	2.9	2.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	88,225	44,740	43,485	94.5	94.3	94.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,355	630	725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	710	370	345	52.4	58.7	47.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	285	200	80	21.0	31.7	11.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	430	170	255	31.7	27.0	35.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	490	205	285	36.2	32.5	39.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	130	55	80	9.6	8.7	11.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	0	25	1.8	0.0	3.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,355	630	725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	80	45	40	5.9	7.1	5.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	130	70	55	9.6	11.1	7.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	25	2.2	2.4	3.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	55	20	30	4.1	3.2	4.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	30	0	25	2.2	0.0	3.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,035	480	555	76.4	76.2	76.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	93,385	47,435	45,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,590	815	775	1.7	1.7	1.7
South Asian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	70	15	55	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	635	325	310	0.7	0.7	0.7
Filipino	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	130	75	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin American	360	180	175	0.4	0.4	0.4
Southeast Asian	185	110	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	91,795	46,625	45,175	98.3	98.3	98.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	93,385	47,440	45,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	40,645	20,475	20,170	43.5	43.2	43.9
English	810	430	385	0.9	0.9	0.8
Irish	2,590	1,285	1,305	2.8	2.7	2.8
Scottish	840	420	420	0.9	0.9	0.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	20,310	10,510	9,795	21.7	22.2	21.3
German	1,045	515	525	1.1	1.1	1.1
Chinese	75	15	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italian	950	485	465	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indian (India)	185	110	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	14,980	7,555	7,430	16.0	15.9	16.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	105	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	80	70	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	8,845	4,415	4,425	9.5	9.3	9.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,890	1,015	875	2.0	2.1	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,485	730	765	1.6	1.5	1.7
Métis	230	125	105	0.2	0.3	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,045	550	495	1.1	1.2	1.1
Russian	65	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	160	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	590	290	300	0.6	0.6	0.7
Spanish	315	160	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swedish	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Acadian	1,255	660	595	1.3	1.4	1.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jewish	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Greek	45	25	25	0.0	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	50	20	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	145	90	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,350	740	615	1.4	1.6	1.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	475	235	240	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	365	155	210	0.4	0.3	0.5
Haitian	290	150	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	100	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	385	200	180	0.4	0.4	0.4
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	115	45	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	40	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Brazilian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	190	70	120	0.2	0.1	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Congolese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	75	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	175	70	105	0.2	0.1	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	45	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	90	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	870	455	415	0.9	1.0	0.9
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	170	95	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	85	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	95	35	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	155	85	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	45	25	30	0.0	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	93,385	47,440	45,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	85	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	70,865	35,260	35,605	75.9	74.3	77.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,050	2,085	1,965	4.3	4.4	4.3
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	170	90	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	65,605	32,615	32,990	70.3	68.8	71.8
Christian Orthodox	125	50	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	375	155	215	0.4	0.3	0.5
Latter Day Saints	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	340	175	165	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindu	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	240	125	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	160	70	95	0.2	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	21,990	11,935	10,055	23.5	25.2	21.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	92,570	47,015	45,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	83,435	42,575	40,860	90.1	90.6	89.7
Movers	9,130	4,440	4,690	9.9	9.4	10.3
Non-migrants	4,005	1,930	2,080	4.3	4.1	4.6
Migrants	5,125	2,515	2,615	5.5	5.3	5.7
Internal migrants	5,010	2,435	2,575	5.4	5.2	5.7
Intraprovincial migrants	4,950	2,410	2,540	5.3	5.1	5.6
Interprovincial migrants	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	115	75	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	89,140	45,190	43,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	59,310	30,345	28,970	66.5	67.1	65.9
Movers	29,830	14,850	14,980	33.5	32.9	34.1
Non-migrants	9,995	5,030	4,965	11.2	11.1	11.3
Migrants	19,835	9,820	10,015	22.3	21.7	22.8
Internal migrants	19,330	9,500	9,830	21.7	21.0	22.4
Intraprovincial migrants	19,060	9,340	9,715	21.4	20.7	22.1
Interprovincial migrants	275	160	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	505	320	185	0.6	0.7	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	79,350	40,195	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	20,730	11,865	8,865	26.1	29.5	22.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	58,620	28,325	30,295	73.9	70.5	77.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	47,780	24,385	23,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,555	5,975	3,580	20.0	24.5	15.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	38,225	18,410	19,815	80.0	75.5	84.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	79,350	40,195	39,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,095	9,880	8,220	22.8	24.6	21.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	17,460	8,315	9,150	22.0	20.7	23.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,790	22,005	21,790	55.2	54.7	55.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	34,410	18,140	16,270	43.4	45.1	41.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,620	11,395	6,220	22.2	28.3	15.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	12,740	7,440	5,300	16.1	18.5	13.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,880	3,960	920	6.1	9.9	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	14,225	5,925	8,300	17.9	14.7	21.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,565	820	1,750	3.2	2.0	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,385	3,865	5,520	11.8	9.6	14.1
Bachelor's degree	6,710	2,740	3,970	8.5	6.8	10.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	860	360	505	1.1	0.9	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	120	90	0.3	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	1,400	540	865	1.8	1.3	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	200	105	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	47,780	24,385	23,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,805	4,715	3,090	16.3	19.3	13.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,470	4,365	4,110	17.7	17.9	17.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,500	15,305	16,190	65.9	62.8	69.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	24,415	12,665	11,750	51.1	51.9	50.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,030	8,105	4,925	27.3	33.2	21.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	9,530	5,305	4,225	19.9	21.8	18.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,500	2,805	695	7.3	11.5	3.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	9,825	4,075	5,750	20.6	16.7	24.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,550	480	1,080	3.2	2.0	4.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,085	2,645	4,440	14.8	10.8	19.0
Bachelor's degree	5,080	1,925	3,150	10.6	7.9	13.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	650	230	420	1.4	0.9	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	1,065	355	705	2.2	1.5	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	140	60	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	79,350	40,195	39,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35,555	18,190	17,365	44.8	45.3	44.3
Education	3,490	705	2,785	4.4	1.8	7.1
13. Education	3,490	705	2,785	4.4	1.8	7.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,025	440	585	1.3	1.1	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	90	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	885	355	530	1.1	0.9	1.4
Humanities	1,490	575	915	1.9	1.4	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	95	15	75	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	920	365	555	1.2	0.9	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	45	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	110	45	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	185	55	130	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,775	655	2,120	3.5	1.6	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	80	205	0.4	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	910	50	860	1.1	0.1	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	365	120	245	0.5	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	150	45	105	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	575	105	470	0.7	0.3	1.2
45. Social sciences	485	255	230	0.6	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	8,760	2,375	6,390	11.0	5.9	16.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	475	95	380	0.6	0.2	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,270	2,275	5,995	10.4	5.7	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,125	705	420	1.4	1.8	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	75	150	0.3	0.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	85	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	180	80	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
40. Physical sciences	400	320	80	0.5	0.8	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	180	145	40	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	880	565	315	1.1	1.4	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	725	500	220	0.9	1.2	0.6
25. Library science	80	0	80	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	50	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	12,590	11,790	795	15.9	29.3	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	170	100	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	935	810	125	1.2	2.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,500	2,280	225	3.2	5.7	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,840	2,765	80	3.6	6.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,225	3,120	110	4.1	7.8	0.3
48. Precision production	2,915	2,725	190	3.7	6.8	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,905	1,245	660	2.4	3.1	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,565	980	585	2.0	2.4	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	265	75	0.4	0.7	0.2
Health and related fields	5,845	860	4,985	7.4	2.1	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	240	130	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,545	685	4,855	7.0	1.7	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,895	2,080	1,815	4.9	5.2	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,965	405	1,560	2.5	1.0	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	685	540	145	0.9	1.3	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,220	1,115	105	1.5	2.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	47,775	24,385	23,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	16,275	9,080	7,200	34.1	37.2	30.8
Education	2,155	370	1,780	4.5	1.5	7.6
13. Education	2,155	370	1,780	4.5	1.5	7.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	775	305	470	1.6	1.3	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	70	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	665	235	430	1.4	1.0	1.8
Humanities	880	315	560	1.8	1.3	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	0	55	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	570	230	335	1.2	0.9	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
54. History	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	110	25	85	0.2	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,095	420	1,675	4.4	1.7	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	60	160	0.5	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	725	25	700	1.5	0.1	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	250	50	195	0.5	0.2	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	95	30	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	460	75	385	1.0	0.3	1.6
45. Social sciences	345	180	160	0.7	0.7	0.7
Business, management and public administration	6,445	1,635	4,810	13.5	6.7	20.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	70	300	0.8	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,070	1,555	4,505	12.7	6.4	19.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	710	455	255	1.5	1.9	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	45	120	0.3	0.2	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	300	235	60	0.6	1.0	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	145	120	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	745	475	270	1.6	1.9	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	640	450	185	1.3	1.8	0.8
25. Library science	75	0	75	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	8,925	8,200	725	18.7	33.6	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	120	70	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	750	630	120	1.6	2.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,825	1,615	205	3.8	6.6	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,935	1,860	75	4.1	7.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,360	2,260	100	4.9	9.3	0.4
48. Precision production	1,935	1,770	170	4.1	7.3	0.7
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,505	965	540	3.2	4.0	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,215	740	470	2.5	3.0	2.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	300	225	70	0.6	0.9	0.3
Health and related fields	4,175	565	3,605	8.7	2.3	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	185	95	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,940	445	3,490	8.2	1.8	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,080	1,600	1,480	6.4	6.6	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,540	270	1,270	3.2	1.1	5.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	515	395	120	1.1	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,015	935	80	2.1	3.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	47,775	24,385	23,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,275	9,080	7,200	34.1	37.2	30.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	31,500	15,310	16,195	65.9	62.8	69.2
Location of study inside Canada	30,905	14,985	15,920	64.7	61.5	68.0
Same as province or territory of residence	30,720	14,905	15,815	64.3	61.1	67.6
Different than province or territory of residence	190	85	105	0.4	0.3	0.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	590	320	275	1.2	1.3	1.2
Americas	110	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
United States of America	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	330	165	165	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belgium	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	225	110	110	0.5	0.5	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	90	70	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	65	60	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	79,350	40,195	39,160	...	...	...
In the labour force	46,285	24,550	21,735	...	...	...
Employed	43,535	23,030	20,505	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,750	1,525	1,230	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	33,065	15,640	17,425	...	...	...
Participation rate	58.3	61.1	55.5	58.3	61.1	55.5
Employment rate	54.9	57.3	52.4	54.9	57.3	52.4
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.2	5.7	5.9	6.2	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	79,350	40,195	39,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	32,460	15,065	17,395	40.9	37.5	44.4
Worked	46,885	25,130	21,760	59.1	62.5	55.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	25,380	14,520	10,855	32.0	36.1	27.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	21,510	10,605	10,905	27.1	26.4	27.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.6	41.8	42.2	42.6	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	46,290	24,555	21,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	920	460	460	2.0	1.9	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	45,365	24,090	21,275	98.0	98.1	97.9
Employee	39,695	20,655	19,040	85.8	84.1	87.6
Permanent position	33,875	17,875	16,000	73.2	72.8	73.6
Temporary position	5,825	2,780	3,045	12.6	11.3	14.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,600	645	955	3.5	2.6	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	4,225	2,135	2,085	9.1	8.7	9.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	5,665	3,435	2,235	12.2	14.0	10.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	46,290	24,555	21,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	920	460	460	2.0	1.9	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	45,365	24,090	21,275	98.0	98.1	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	795	520	275	1.7	2.1	1.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,070	1,625	4,440	13.1	6.6	20.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,225	1,695	520	4.8	6.9	2.4
3 Health occupations	4,200	515	3,690	9.1	2.1	17.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,990	1,135	3,855	10.8	4.6	17.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	765	330	435	1.7	1.3	2.0
6 Sales and service occupations	10,115	4,055	6,060	21.9	16.5	27.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,190	9,415	770	22.0	38.3	3.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,395	1,880	515	5.2	7.7	2.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,620	2,915	710	7.8	11.9	3.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	46,290	24,555	21,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	920	460	460	2.0	1.9	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	45,365	24,090	21,275	98.0	98.1	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,600	1,835	770	5.6	7.5	3.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	290	235	55	0.6	1.0	0.3
22 Utilities	435	330	105	0.9	1.3	0.5
23 Construction	3,600	3,145	450	7.8	12.8	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	7,630	6,080	1,550	16.5	24.8	7.1
41 Wholesale trade	1,395	995	400	3.0	4.1	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	5,010	2,200	2,810	10.8	9.0	12.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,350	1,830	515	5.1	7.5	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	420	250	175	0.9	1.0	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	1,050	300	745	2.3	1.2	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	310	195	110	0.7	0.8	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,700	835	870	3.7	3.4	4.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,560	995	570	3.4	4.1	2.6
61 Educational services	2,830	680	2,150	6.1	2.8	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	7,185	985	6,195	15.5	4.0	28.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	435	220	215	0.9	0.9	1.0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,290	880	1,410	4.9	3.6	6.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,390	1,155	1,235	5.2	4.7	5.7
91 Public administration	1,855	920	940	4.0	3.7	4.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	49,555	26,385	23,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	295	175	125	0.6	0.7	0.5
French	44,860	23,445	21,410	90.5	88.9	92.4
Non-official language	70	60	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	60	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	4,050	2,560	1,490	8.2	9.7	6.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	150	85	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	55	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	49,555	26,385	23,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	49,040	26,080	22,960	99.0	98.8	99.1
Official languages	48,955	26,010	22,950	98.8	98.6	99.0
English	665	395	270	1.3	1.5	1.2
French	48,285	25,610	22,675	97.4	97.1	97.8
Non-official languages	90	75	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	75	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	75	65	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	50	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	515	300	215	1.0	1.1	0.9
English and French	470	285	190	0.9	1.1	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	49,555	26,385	23,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	45,725	23,970	21,755	92.3	90.8	93.9
English	3,235	2,070	1,160	6.5	7.8	5.0
French	375	230	150	0.8	0.9	0.6
Non-official language	110	70	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	105	65	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	95	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	43,535	23,030	20,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	6,080	2,970	3,110	14.0	12.9	15.2
Worked outside Canada	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	4,630	3,450	1,185	10.6	15.0	5.8
Usual place of work	32,790	16,585	16,205	75.3	72.0	79.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	32,790	16,585	16,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,095	6,625	7,475	43.0	39.9	46.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,145	2,965	3,185	18.7	17.9	19.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	12,505	6,970	5,535	38.1	42.0	34.2
Commute to a different province or territory	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	37,415	20,035	17,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	34,465	18,465	16,000	92.1	92.2	92.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	33,015	17,765	15,245	88.2	88.7	87.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,460	700	760	3.9	3.5	4.4
Public transit	240	115	125	0.6	0.6	0.7
Walked	1,915	975	940	5.1	4.9	5.4
Bicycle	280	200	80	0.7	1.0	0.5
Other method	515	280	240	1.4	1.4	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	37,415	20,035	17,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	16,725	8,165	8,560	44.7	40.8	49.2
15 to 29 minutes	10,620	5,470	5,145	28.4	27.3	29.6
30 to 44 minutes	5,110	3,015	2,095	13.7	15.0	12.1
45 to 59 minutes	2,585	1,705	885	6.9	8.5	5.1
60 minutes and over	2,380	1,680	700	6.4	8.4	4.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	37,415	20,035	17,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,810	2,190	620	7.5	10.9	3.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,440	5,315	2,120	19.9	26.5	12.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,445	6,405	6,045	33.3	32.0	34.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,770	2,475	4,295	18.1	12.4	24.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,650	835	1,805	7.1	4.2	10.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,310	2,810	2,495	14.2	14.0	14.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	16,870	8,785	8,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,035	550	485	6.1	6.3	6.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15,835	8,235	7,600	93.9	93.7	93.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	12,300	6,340	5,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	755	390	365	6.1	6.2	6.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	520	265	255	4.2	4.2	4.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	235	125	110	1.9	2.0	1.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,540	5,950	5,590	93.8	93.8	93.7

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table