Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Beauharnois-Salaberry, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	68,322	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	64,320	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	32,524	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	31,245	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	145.8	...	...	145.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	468.48	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	68,325	33,630	34,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10,860	5,550	5,305	15.9	16.5	15.3
0 to 4 years	3,690	1,855	1,835	5.4	5.5	5.3
5 to 9 years	3,730	1,925	1,805	5.5	5.7	5.2
10 to 14 years	3,440	1,770	1,670	5.0	5.3	4.8
15 to 64 years	41,725	20,855	20,870	61.1	62.0	60.2
15 to 19 years	2,895	1,500	1,395	4.2	4.5	4.0
20 to 24 years	3,205	1,630	1,575	4.7	4.8	4.5
25 to 29 years	4,580	2,310	2,275	6.7	6.9	6.6
30 to 34 years	4,520	2,295	2,230	6.6	6.8	6.4
35 to 39 years	4,020	2,035	1,985	5.9	6.1	5.7
40 to 44 years	4,100	2,060	2,040	6.0	6.1	5.9
45 to 49 years	3,495	1,765	1,730	5.1	5.2	5.0
50 to 54 years	3,965	1,945	2,020	5.8	5.8	5.8
55 to 59 years	5,195	2,530	2,660	7.6	7.5	7.7
60 to 64 years	5,750	2,785	2,970	8.4	8.3	8.6
65 years and over	15,735	7,225	8,515	23.0	21.5	24.5
65 to 69 years	4,975	2,455	2,520	7.3	7.3	7.3
70 to 74 years	4,055	1,910	2,145	5.9	5.7	6.2
75 to 79 years	3,180	1,485	1,695	4.7	4.4	4.9
80 to 84 years	1,820	785	1,035	2.7	2.3	3.0
85 years and over	1,715	595	1,115	2.5	1.8	3.2
85 to 89 years	1,065	420	645	1.6	1.2	1.9
90 to 94 years	500	155	345	0.7	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	125	20	110	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	16.5	15.3	15.9	16.5	15.3
15 to 64 years	61.1	62.0	60.2	61.1	62.0	60.2
65 years and over	23.0	21.5	24.5	23.0	21.5	24.5
85 years and over	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.5	1.8	3.2
Average age of the population	44.1	43.0	45.1	44.1	43.0	45.1
Median age of the population	44.8	43.6	46.4	44.8	43.6	46.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	15,860	...	...	50.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,735	...	...	5.6	...	...
Row house	500	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,635	...	...	11.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	9,140	...	...	29.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	120	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	215	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,205	...	...	35.9	...	...
2 persons	11,560	...	...	37.0	...	...
3 persons	3,940	...	...	12.6	...	...
4 persons	3,000	...	...	9.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,540	...	...	4.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	57,460	28,085	29,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	32,145	16,070	16,075	55.9	57.2	54.7
Married	15,860	7,940	7,915	27.6	28.3	26.9
Living common-law	16,285	8,130	8,160	28.3	28.9	27.8
Living common law - Never married	13,055	6,500	6,555	22.7	23.1	22.3
Living common law - Separated	190	90	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,640	1,350	1,290	4.6	4.8	4.4
Living common law - Widowed	405	185	225	0.7	0.7	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	25,320	12,015	13,305	44.1	42.8	45.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	16,400	8,865	7,535	28.5	31.6	25.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	790	395	400	1.4	1.4	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,555	1,850	2,705	7.9	6.6	9.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,570	905	2,665	6.2	3.2	9.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	19,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	11,445	...	...	59.5	...	...
3 persons	3,735	...	...	19.4	...	...
4 persons	2,820	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,225	...	...	6.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	19,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	15,830	...	...	82.4	...	...
Married couples	7,695	...	...	40.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,490	...	...	13.0	...	...
Without children	5,205	...	...	27.1	...	...
Common-law couples	8,135	...	...	42.3	...	...
With children⁶	4,020	...	...	20.9	...	...
Without children	4,115	...	...	21.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,395	...	...	17.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,435	...	...	12.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	960	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	51,935	25,755	26,185	78.0	78.1	77.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	31,660	15,810	15,850	47.5	48.0	47.1
Parents in one-parent families	3,390	960	2,435	5.1	2.9	7.2
Children⁶	16,885	8,985	7,905	25.4	27.3	23.5
In a two-parent family	11,810	6,195	5,615	17.7	18.8	16.7
In a one-parent family	5,075	2,785	2,290	7.6	8.4	6.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,655	7,205	7,450	22.0	21.9	22.1
Living alone	11,205	5,330	5,875	16.8	16.2	17.5
Living with other relatives⁷	1,305	595	710	2.0	1.8	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	2,150	1,285	860	3.2	3.9	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	17,805	...	...	57.0	...	...
Couple-family households	14,910	...	...	47.7	...	...
With children⁶	6,100	...	...	19.5	...	...
Without children	8,805	...	...	28.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,900	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	390	...	...	1.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	100	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	680	...	...	2.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,055	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	11,205	...	...	35.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	55,755	27,415	28,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	54,770	26,945	27,830	98.2	98.3	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,400	34,800	39,600	44,400	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	54,780	26,950	27,835	98.3	98.3	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,800	31,400	35,200	38,800	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	48,020	24,290	23,730	86.1	88.6	83.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,800	25,800	32,400	38,800	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,300	20,250	18,055	68.7	73.9	63.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,400	30,400	35,200	40,400	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	46,595	21,925	24,670	83.6	80.0	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	11,200	13,200	12,400	11,200	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,380	4,010	3,370	13.2	14.6	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,520	5,480	5,520	5,520	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,580	7,595	6,980	26.2	27.7	24.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	55,755	27,415	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	54,755	26,935	27,815	98.2	98.2	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,560	51,450	39,840	45,560	51,450	39,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	54,765	26,940	27,820	98.2	98.3	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,440	42,360	34,600	38,440	42,360	34,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	48,020	24,360	23,660	86.1	88.9	83.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,360	46,080	32,480	39,360	46,080	32,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,305	20,330	17,975	68.7	74.2	63.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,760	45,480	35,480	40,760	45,480	35,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	46,520	21,965	24,560	83.4	80.1	86.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,980	12,020	13,820	12,980	12,020	13,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,250	4,095	3,150	13.0	14.9	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,810	6,420	7,310	6,810	6,420	7,310
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,620	7,625	7,000	26.2	27.8	24.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,810	7,420	8,250	7,810	7,420	8,250
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	55,755	27,415	28,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	18,380	10,010	8,375	33.0	36.5	29.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	60,000	48,000	53,600	60,000	48,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,250	64,900	52,500	59,250	64,900	52,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	14,945	7,295	7,645	26.8	26.6	27.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	25,400	17,800	21,000	25,400	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	32,840	22,980	27,800	32,840	22,980
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.8	81.0	69.4	75.8	81.0	69.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.6	66.6	57.5	62.6	66.6	57.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.2	19.0	30.7	24.2	19.0	30.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	4.7	6.4	5.5	4.7	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.1	5.2	4.6	4.1	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	55,755	27,415	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	980	475	505	1.8	1.7	1.8
With total income	54,775	26,940	27,830	98.2	98.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,150	1,340	1,815	5.8	5.0	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	6,830	2,550	4,275	12.5	9.5	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	9,830	4,080	5,750	17.9	15.1	20.7
$30,000 to $39,999	8,000	3,670	4,330	14.6	13.6	15.6
$40,000 to $49,999	7,580	3,760	3,815	13.8	14.0	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	5,895	3,110	2,790	10.8	11.5	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	4,100	2,275	1,825	7.5	8.4	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	2,920	1,805	1,110	5.3	6.7	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,180	1,390	790	4.0	5.2	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,445	970	475	2.6	3.6	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,845	2,000	840	5.2	7.4	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,320	1,615	710	4.2	6.0	2.6
$150,000 and over	525	390	135	1.0	1.4	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	55,755	27,415	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	970	465	505	1.7	1.7	1.8
With after-tax income	54,785	26,950	27,830	98.3	98.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,420	1,405	2,015	6.2	5.2	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	7,185	2,710	4,470	13.1	10.1	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	11,585	4,875	6,710	21.1	18.1	24.1
$30,000 to $39,999	10,165	5,055	5,110	18.6	18.8	18.4
$40,000 to $49,999	8,560	4,465	4,100	15.6	16.6	14.7
$50,000 to $59,999	5,640	3,195	2,450	10.3	11.9	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	3,630	2,215	1,410	6.6	8.2	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	2,160	1,370	795	3.9	5.1	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,085	725	360	2.0	2.7	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	560	380	180	1.0	1.4	0.6
$100,000 and over	780	550	230	1.4	2.0	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	505	365	140	0.9	1.4	0.5
$125,000 and over	270	185	90	0.5	0.7	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	55,755	27,415	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	17,450	7,170	10,285	31.3	26.2	36.3
With employment income	38,305	20,245	18,050	68.7	73.8	63.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,345	3,070	2,275	14.0	15.2	12.6
$5,000 to $9,999	2,640	1,130	1,510	6.9	5.6	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	4,625	1,905	2,725	12.1	9.4	15.1
$20,000 to $29,999	4,280	1,855	2,425	11.2	9.2	13.4
$30,000 to $39,999	4,360	2,125	2,240	11.4	10.5	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	4,250	2,150	2,105	11.1	10.6	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	3,480	1,895	1,585	9.1	9.4	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,595	1,565	1,030	6.8	7.7	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,985	1,260	725	5.2	6.2	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,660	1,045	610	4.3	5.2	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	1,040	760	285	2.7	3.8	1.6
$100,000 and over	2,030	1,480	555	5.3	7.3	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,265	910	355	3.3	4.5	2.0
$125,000 and over	770	575	200	2.0	2.8	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	55,755	27,415	28,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	54,080	26,565	27,520	97.0	96.9	97.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	42,400	31,400	36,800	42,400	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	54,110	26,565	27,540	97.0	96.9	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	28,600	32,800	37,200	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	47,345	23,985	23,360	84.9	87.5	82.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	40,000	26,800	32,800	40,000	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,530	20,260	18,270	69.1	73.9	64.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,800	30,000	35,200	40,800	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,985	19,930	23,060	77.1	72.7	81.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	8,100	10,300	9,200	8,100	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	6,945	3,865	3,075	12.5	14.1	10.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,520	4,360	4,760	4,520	4,360	4,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	55,755	27,415	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	53,995	26,530	27,470	96.8	96.8	96.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,120	49,560	36,880	43,120	49,560	36,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	54,030	26,535	27,495	96.9	96.8	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,280	40,720	32,000	36,280	40,720	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	47,330	24,065	23,265	84.9	87.8	82.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,920	47,040	32,520	39,920	47,040	32,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,575	20,330	18,250	69.2	74.2	64.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,600	46,240	34,320	40,600	46,240	34,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,920	19,915	23,010	77.0	72.6	81.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,240	9,170	11,170	10,240	9,170	11,170
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,020	3,930	3,095	12.6	14.3	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,295	5,315	7,540	6,295	5,315	7,540
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	55,755	27,415	28,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	18,245	9,930	8,315	32.7	36.2	29.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	57,200	43,600	50,000	57,200	43,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,750	62,400	47,760	55,750	62,400	47,760
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	14,225	6,960	7,265	25.5	25.4	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	32,000	21,400	25,200	32,000	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,120	38,640	25,920	32,120	38,640	25,920
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.2	86.2	74.6	81.2	86.2	74.6
Employment income (%)	67.2	71.4	61.8	67.2	71.4	61.8
Government transfers (%)	18.9	13.9	25.4	18.9	13.9	25.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.3	1.9	1.6	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	31,245	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	20,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	31,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,800	...	...	79,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,300	...	...	67,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,800	...	...	35,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	20,055	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,900	...	...	100,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,900	...	...	84,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	185	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	465	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	770	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,115	...	...	6.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,350	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,280	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,585	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,720	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,535	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,800	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,480	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,200	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,980	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,790	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,860	...	...	28.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,415	...	...	10.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,200	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,220	...	...	7.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,025	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	195	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	480	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	805	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,250	...	...	7.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,690	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,595	...	...	5.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,980	...	...	6.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,965	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,790	...	...	5.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,175	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,805	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,510	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,060	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,830	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,945	...	...	19.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,005	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,615	...	...	5.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,320	...	...	4.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	19,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	8,890	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	6,540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	13,350	6,610	6,740	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	39,200	31,400	34,800	39,200	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	34,400	29,200	31,600	34,400	29,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	19,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,400	...	...	101,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,200	...	...	85,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,900	...	...	88,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,700	...	...	74,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,565	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,600	...	...	132,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,100	...	...	110,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,260	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,600	...	...	62,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	13,360	6,610	6,745	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,920	45,280	36,640	40,920	45,280	36,640
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,000	37,760	32,320	35,000	37,760	32,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	12,590	6,435	6,155	18.9	19.5	18.3
0 to 5 years	4,460	2,255	2,205	6.7	6.8	6.6
18 to 64 years	39,530	19,720	19,810	59.4	59.8	58.9
65 years and over	14,475	6,795	7,675	21.7	20.6	22.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,245	3,635	4,605	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,320	660	660	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	485	255	235	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,910	1,880	2,025	...	...	...
65 years and over	3,015	1,095	1,920	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.4	11.0	13.7	12.4	11.0	13.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	10.3	10.7	10.5	10.3	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	11.3	10.6	10.9	11.3	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.5	10.2	9.9	9.5	10.2
65 years and over (%)	20.8	16.1	25.0	20.8	16.1	25.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	12,590	6,440	6,150	18.9	19.5	18.3
0 to 5 years	4,460	2,250	2,210	6.7	6.8	6.6
18 to 64 years	39,530	19,720	19,810	59.4	59.8	58.9
65 years and over	14,475	6,800	7,675	21.7	20.6	22.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,470	1,270	1,200	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	280	145	135	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	40	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,930	1,020	915	...	...	...
65 years and over	260	110	145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.7	3.9	3.6	3.7	3.9	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	1.8	2.1	2.0	1.8	2.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	5.2	4.6	4.9	5.2	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.6	1.9	1.8	1.6	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	40,660	19,620	21,040	61.1	59.5	62.6
In bottom decile	7,005	3,150	3,850	10.5	9.6	11.4
In second decile	8,790	4,075	4,710	13.2	12.4	14.0
In third decile	8,680	4,210	4,470	13.0	12.8	13.3
In fourth decile	8,305	4,170	4,130	12.5	12.7	12.3
In fifth decile	7,880	4,005	3,875	11.8	12.2	11.5
In top half of the distribution	25,940	13,340	12,595	39.0	40.5	37.4
In sixth decile	7,530	3,835	3,695	11.3	11.6	11.0
In seventh decile	6,775	3,475	3,295	10.2	10.5	9.8
In eighth decile	5,505	2,860	2,640	8.3	8.7	7.8
In ninth decile	4,140	2,135	2,005	6.2	6.5	6.0
In top decile	1,995	1,035	960	3.0	3.1	2.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	66,595	...	...	66,595	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.281	...	...	0.281	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.427	...	...	0.427	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.244	...	...	0.244	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	67,830	33,435	34,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	720	400	320	1.1	1.2	0.9
French only	39,725	18,680	21,045	58.6	55.9	61.2
English and French	27,265	14,285	12,985	40.2	42.7	37.8
Neither English nor French	110	70	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	67,830	33,435	34,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,085	1,595	1,490	4.5	4.8	4.3
French	63,935	31,415	32,525	94.3	94.0	94.6
English and French	720	370	345	1.1	1.1	1.0
Neither English nor French	95	55	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	67,830	33,435	34,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	66,320	32,655	33,660	97.8	97.7	97.9
Official languages	64,960	31,965	32,990	95.8	95.6	95.9
English	2,575	1,340	1,235	3.8	4.0	3.6
French	62,385	30,625	31,760	92.0	91.6	92.3
Non-official languages	1,360	690	670	2.0	2.1	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,360	690	665	2.0	2.1	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	190	115	75	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	165	100	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	165	100	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	45	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	820	420	400	1.2	1.3	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	45	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	105	45	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	570	300	270	0.8	0.9	0.8
Catalan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	390	200	185	0.6	0.6	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,505	775	730	2.2	2.3	2.1
English and French	1,210	600	605	1.8	1.8	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	160	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	67,830	33,435	34,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,800	945	855	2.7	2.8	2.5
French	60,735	29,760	30,975	89.5	89.0	90.1
Non-official language	350	175	175	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	350	180	170	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	3,740	1,930	1,805	5.5	5.8	5.2
English and non-official language(s)	170	100	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	535	275	255	0.8	0.8	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	475	235	245	0.7	0.7	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	67,830	33,435	34,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	66,530	32,765	33,760	98.1	98.0	98.2
Official languages	65,865	32,420	33,445	97.1	97.0	97.2
English	2,580	1,335	1,245	3.8	4.0	3.6
French	63,285	31,085	32,205	93.3	93.0	93.6
Non-official languages	660	345	315	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	660	340	320	1.0	1.0	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	420	220	195	0.6	0.7	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	305	165	145	0.4	0.5	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	230	125	105	0.3	0.4	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,300	670	630	1.9	2.0	1.8
English and French	1,015	515	500	1.5	1.5	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	165	85	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	67,830	33,430	34,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	64,060	31,480	32,575	94.4	94.2	94.7
English	2,220	1,165	1,055	3.3	3.5	3.1
French	800	410	390	1.2	1.2	1.1
Non-official language	405	205	205	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	405	200	200	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	160	85	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	66,595	32,960	33,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	66,500	32,915	33,585	99.9	99.9	99.8
English	27,745	14,780	12,965	41.7	44.8	38.5
French	65,770	32,515	33,255	98.8	98.6	98.9
Non-official languages	3,180	1,535	1,640	4.8	4.7	4.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,155	1,515	1,640	4.7	4.6	4.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	340	195	145	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	320	185	135	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	305	175	130	0.5	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	40	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	100	45	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	75	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,285	1,100	1,185	3.4	3.3	3.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	95	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	195	95	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	125	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	55	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,855	850	1,005	2.8	2.6	3.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	190	100	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	70	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	80	50	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Spanish	1,585	700	885	2.4	2.1	2.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	145	75	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	115	45	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	66,595	32,960	33,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,230	540	690	1.8	1.6	2.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,130	480	655	1.7	1.5	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	790	335	455	1.2	1.0	1.4
Métis	325	135	185	0.5	0.4	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	80	60	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	65,365	32,415	32,945	98.2	98.3	97.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	66,595	32,960	33,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	280	160	125	0.4	0.5	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	66,315	32,805	33,510	99.6	99.5	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	18,600	...	...	59.5	...	...
Renter	12,645	...	...	40.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,030	...	...	9.7	...	...
Not condominium	28,215	...	...	90.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	4,290	...	...	13.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,270	...	...	36.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,005	...	...	32.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,590	...	...	17.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,750	...	...	34.4	...	...
5 rooms	5,790	...	...	18.5	...	...
6 rooms	3,790	...	...	12.1	...	...
7 rooms	3,460	...	...	11.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,455	...	...	23.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	31,155	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	90	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	30,630	...	...	98.0	...	...
Not suitable	620	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	8,825	...	...	28.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,290	...	...	29.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,785	...	...	12.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,300	...	...	7.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,005	...	...	3.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,745	...	...	5.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,850	...	...	5.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,450	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	29,205	...	...	93.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,045	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	17,830	...	...	57.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	12,845	...	...	41.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	575	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	950	...	...	3.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,555	...	...	14.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,885	...	...	15.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,635	...	...	14.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,545	...	...	20.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,605	...	...	17.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,225	...	...	10.3	...	...
85 years and over	840	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	30,955	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,040	...	...	84.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,915	...	...	15.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,665	...	...	15.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	31,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	7,125	...	...	22.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,515	...	...	14.5	...	...
Not suitable only	540	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,620	...	...	5.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	370	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	24,125	...	...	77.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	30,705	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,455	...	...	4.7	...	...
Not in core need	29,250	...	...	95.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,405	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.6	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.1	...	...	10.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,060	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,101	...	...	1,101	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	280,000	...	...	280,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	307,200	...	...	307,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,620	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.3	...	...	24.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.1	...	...	10.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	745	...	...	745	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	778	...	...	778	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	66,595	32,955	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,125	500	620	1.7	1.5	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,110	500	610	1.7	1.5	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	975	445	530	1.5	1.4	1.6
Métis single ancestry	120	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,885	825	1,055	2.8	2.5	3.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,880	825	1,055	2.8	2.5	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,765	775	995	2.7	2.4	3.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	63,585	31,630	31,955	95.5	96.0	95.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	65,880	32,580	33,300	98.9	98.8	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,460	6,400	6,055	18.7	19.4	18.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	53,425	26,175	27,250	80.2	79.4	81.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	715	380	335	1.1	1.2	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	64,390	31,765	32,620	96.7	96.4	97.0
Immigrants⁸¹	2,015	1,045	970	3.0	3.2	2.9
Before 1980	445	230	220	0.7	0.7	0.7
1980 to 1990	185	80	105	0.3	0.2	0.3
1991 to 2000	280	210	70	0.4	0.6	0.2
2001 to 2010	495	240	255	0.7	0.7	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	600	285	320	0.9	0.9	1.0
2011 to 2015	320	170	150	0.5	0.5	0.4
2016 to 2021	285	115	170	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	195	150	40	0.3	0.5	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,015	1,045	975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	205	110	95	10.2	10.5	9.7
5 to 14 years	405	215	190	20.1	20.6	19.5
15 to 24 years	345	185	160	17.1	17.7	16.4
25 to 44 years	905	470	435	44.9	45.0	44.6
45 years and over	150	65	90	7.4	6.2	9.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,015	1,045	975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	480	215	265	23.8	20.6	27.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	70	25	45	3.5	2.4	4.6
El Salvador	30	20	10	1.5	1.9	1.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	45	15	30	2.2	1.4	3.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	90	45	50	4.5	4.3	5.1
Peru	20	10	10	1.0	1.0	1.0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10	1.0	1.0	1.0
United States of America	80	30	50	4.0	2.9	5.1
Other places of birth in Americas	115	55	60	5.7	5.3	6.2
Europe	735	415	320	36.5	39.7	32.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	310	190	120	15.4	18.2	12.3
Germany	30	15	20	1.5	1.4	2.1
Greece	15	15	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	55	40	20	2.7	3.8	2.1
Netherlands	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.0
Romania	45	30	15	2.2	2.9	1.5
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	15	15	1.2	1.4	1.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	25	10	1.7	2.4	1.0
Other places of birth in Europe	160	70	90	7.9	6.7	9.2
Africa	495	255	245	24.6	24.4	25.1
Algeria	95	45	50	4.7	4.3	5.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	10	0.7	1.0	1.0
Egypt	15	10	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	85	45	45	4.2	4.3	4.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	280	135	140	13.9	12.9	14.4
Asia	305	160	150	15.1	15.3	15.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	15	0	1.2	1.4	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	20	20	1.7	1.9	2.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	45	15	30	2.2	1.4	3.1
Viet Nam	30	15	15	1.5	1.4	1.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	95	45	45	4.7	4.3	4.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	285	110	170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	70	20	50	24.6	18.2	29.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	0	15	5.3	0.0	8.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	20	12.3	13.6	11.8
Europe	30	15	10	10.5	13.6	5.9
France	15	10	10	5.3	9.1	5.9
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	125	50	70	43.9	45.5	41.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	25	0	15	8.8	0.0	8.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	3.5	9.1	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	15	8.8	13.6	8.8
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	3.5	9.1	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	0	3.5	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	10	20	10.5	9.1	11.8
Asia	65	25	40	22.8	22.7	23.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	10	15	7.0	9.1	8.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	10	10	3.5	9.1	5.9
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	5.3	9.1	5.9
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	66,595	32,960	33,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,390	1,275	1,115	3.6	3.9	3.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,515	1,215	1,300	3.8	3.7	3.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	61,685	30,470	31,225	92.6	92.4	92.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,565	815	750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	810	490	325	51.8	60.1	43.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	370	270	100	23.6	33.1	13.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	435	215	225	27.8	26.4	30.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	525	205	320	33.5	25.2	42.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	205	110	95	13.1	13.5	12.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	10	10	1.6	1.2	1.3
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,565	815	750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	160	85	80	10.2	10.4	10.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	150	95	55	9.6	11.7	7.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	10	1.3	1.8	1.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	45	30	4.8	5.5	4.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,145	560	580	73.2	68.7	77.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	66,595	32,960	33,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,925	995	935	2.9	3.0	2.8
South Asian	85	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese	90	30	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	750	405	345	1.1	1.2	1.0
Filipino	115	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab	220	130	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Latin American	420	215	205	0.6	0.7	0.6
Southeast Asian	110	35	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	40	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	64,665	31,960	32,705	97.1	97.0	97.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	66,595	32,960	33,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	27,455	13,250	14,205	41.2	40.2	42.2
English	1,330	675	655	2.0	2.0	1.9
Irish	3,220	1,525	1,695	4.8	4.6	5.0
Scottish	1,515	750	770	2.3	2.3	2.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	14,945	7,585	7,360	22.4	23.0	21.9
German	1,040	490	550	1.6	1.5	1.6
Chinese	110	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	1,320	665	655	2.0	2.0	1.9
Indian (India)	140	45	95	0.2	0.1	0.3
Ukrainian	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	185	105	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
Polish	200	115	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Québécois	10,670	5,365	5,305	16.0	16.3	15.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	180	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Filipino	120	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
French Canadian	5,155	2,505	2,645	7.7	7.6	7.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,555	780	770	2.3	2.4	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,525	660	865	2.3	2.0	2.6
Métis	230	95	140	0.3	0.3	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	735	410	320	1.1	1.2	1.0
Russian	95	55	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	150	85	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	325	140	180	0.5	0.4	0.5
Spanish	340	185	160	0.5	0.6	0.5
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	950	460	490	1.4	1.4	1.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	140	65	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	70	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	125	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	155	100	50	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jamaican	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	80	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lebanese	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	815	405	415	1.2	1.2	1.2
Danish	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	305	140	165	0.5	0.4	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	365	170	195	0.5	0.5	0.6
Haitian	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	180	90	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	165	75	90	0.2	0.2	0.3
Finnish	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	145	75	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egyptian	50	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	165	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moroccan	125	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	80	25	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Persian	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	145	65	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	150	70	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	150	65	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	85	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	85	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Franco Ontarian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	75	55	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	240	120	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	105	40	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	115	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norman	105	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	50	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	66,595	32,960	33,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	47,575	22,985	24,595	71.4	69.7	73.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,990	1,545	1,445	4.5	4.7	4.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	195	105	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baptist	145	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	42,985	20,625	22,355	64.5	62.6	66.5
Christian Orthodox	140	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	350	150	200	0.5	0.5	0.6
Latter Day Saints	70	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	165	90	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Presbyterian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	440	225	220	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hindu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	430	240	190	0.6	0.7	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	60	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	18,350	9,620	8,725	27.6	29.2	25.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	65,835	32,540	33,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	57,595	28,460	29,135	87.5	87.5	87.5
Movers	8,240	4,080	4,155	12.5	12.5	12.5
Non-migrants	3,980	1,930	2,045	6.0	5.9	6.1
Migrants	4,260	2,150	2,105	6.5	6.6	6.3
Internal migrants	4,200	2,115	2,085	6.4	6.5	6.3
Intraprovincial migrants	4,045	2,030	2,015	6.1	6.2	6.1
Interprovincial migrants	155	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
External migrants	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	62,975	31,100	31,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	37,280	18,685	18,595	59.2	60.1	58.3
Movers	25,695	12,415	13,280	40.8	39.9	41.7
Non-migrants	10,590	5,055	5,535	16.8	16.3	17.4
Migrants	15,105	7,360	7,745	24.0	23.7	24.3
Internal migrants	14,790	7,180	7,605	23.5	23.1	23.9
Intraprovincial migrants	14,495	7,035	7,460	23.0	22.6	23.4
Interprovincial migrants	290	145	145	0.5	0.5	0.5
External migrants	315	175	140	0.5	0.6	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	55,755	27,415	28,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15,360	8,275	7,080	27.5	30.2	25.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	40,400	19,140	21,255	72.5	69.8	75.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	35,110	17,415	17,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,530	4,305	3,225	21.4	24.7	18.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	27,575	13,115	14,465	78.5	75.3	81.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	55,755	27,415	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,355	6,975	6,385	24.0	25.4	22.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	13,740	6,510	7,230	24.6	23.7	25.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,660	13,935	14,725	51.4	50.8	52.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	22,780	11,620	11,155	40.9	42.4	39.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,510	7,520	4,990	22.4	27.4	17.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	9,075	4,780	4,295	16.3	17.4	15.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,435	2,740	695	6.2	10.0	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,900	3,585	5,320	16.0	13.1	18.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,365	520	845	2.4	1.9	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,880	2,310	3,570	10.5	8.4	12.6
Bachelor's degree	4,225	1,555	2,670	7.6	5.7	9.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	550	190	360	1.0	0.7	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	75	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	890	425	465	1.6	1.6	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	65	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	35,110	17,420	17,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,135	3,410	2,730	17.5	19.6	15.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,430	3,745	3,685	21.2	21.5	20.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,545	10,265	11,280	61.4	58.9	63.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,130	8,685	8,450	48.8	49.9	47.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,675	5,740	3,935	27.6	33.0	22.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	7,035	3,635	3,400	20.0	20.9	19.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,640	2,110	530	7.5	12.1	3.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,445	2,550	3,895	18.4	14.6	22.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,005	390	615	2.9	2.2	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,415	1,585	2,830	12.6	9.1	16.0
Bachelor's degree	3,235	1,120	2,120	9.2	6.4	12.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	400	130	265	1.1	0.7	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	630	255	380	1.8	1.5	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	55,750	27,415	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	27,100	13,485	13,615	48.6	49.2	48.0
Education	2,240	485	1,755	4.0	1.8	6.2
13. Education	2,240	485	1,755	4.0	1.8	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	610	230	375	1.1	0.8	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	65	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	535	165	370	1.0	0.6	1.3
Humanities	1,125	470	655	2.0	1.7	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	735	290	450	1.3	1.1	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	50	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	120	35	90	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,885	480	1,400	3.4	1.8	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	40	80	0.2	0.1	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	690	75	620	1.2	0.3	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	315	110	205	0.6	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	330	60	275	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	365	175	190	0.7	0.6	0.7
Business, management and public administration	5,755	1,720	4,040	10.3	6.3	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	330	80	245	0.6	0.3	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,430	1,640	3,795	9.7	6.0	13.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	675	340	335	1.2	1.2	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	30	90	0.2	0.1	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	235	145	95	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	700	440	260	1.3	1.6	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	585	410	185	1.0	1.5	0.7
25. Library science	80	0	70	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,665	7,185	480	13.7	26.2	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	155	100	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	470	405	60	0.8	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,410	1,245	165	2.5	4.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,080	2,030	45	3.7	7.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,110	2,035	70	3.8	7.4	0.2
48. Precision production	1,435	1,365	75	2.6	5.0	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	770	465	305	1.4	1.7	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	680	415	265	1.2	1.5	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	4,230	595	3,635	7.6	2.2	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	200	115	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,000	465	3,540	7.2	1.7	12.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,005	1,515	1,490	5.4	5.5	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,570	290	1,275	2.8	1.1	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	535	440	90	1.0	1.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	890	765	125	1.6	2.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	35,110	17,420	17,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	13,565	7,155	6,415	38.6	41.1	36.3
Education	1,480	300	1,180	4.2	1.7	6.7
13. Education	1,480	300	1,180	4.2	1.7	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	160	270	1.2	0.9	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	45	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	375	115	260	1.1	0.7	1.5
Humanities	690	255	435	2.0	1.5	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	440	155	290	1.3	0.9	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	80	15	65	0.2	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,475	330	1,140	4.2	1.9	6.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	575	45	525	1.6	0.3	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	240	75	165	0.7	0.4	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	265	40	230	0.8	0.2	1.3
45. Social sciences	275	120	155	0.8	0.7	0.9
Business, management and public administration	4,425	1,230	3,200	12.6	7.1	18.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	55	200	0.7	0.3	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,175	1,175	3,000	11.9	6.7	17.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	405	180	225	1.2	1.0	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	15	75	0.3	0.1	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	160	80	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	575	365	215	1.6	2.1	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	495	345	150	1.4	2.0	0.8
25. Library science	65	10	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,865	5,430	430	16.7	31.2	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	115	65	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	390	330	55	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,090	940	150	3.1	5.4	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,610	1,565	45	4.6	9.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,640	1,570	70	4.7	9.0	0.4
48. Precision production	1,025	960	65	2.9	5.5	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	375	235	1.7	2.2	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	535	330	200	1.5	1.9	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	3,260	450	2,810	9.3	2.6	15.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	75	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,100	360	2,740	8.8	2.1	15.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,335	1,195	1,145	6.7	6.9	6.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,175	210	965	3.3	1.2	5.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	425	365	60	1.2	2.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	735	615	115	2.1	3.5	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	35,110	17,420	17,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,565	7,155	6,415	38.6	41.1	36.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	21,545	10,265	11,280	61.4	58.9	63.7
Location of study inside Canada	20,855	9,855	11,005	59.4	56.6	62.2
Same as province or territory of residence	20,530	9,695	10,835	58.5	55.7	61.2
Different than province or territory of residence	325	155	170	0.9	0.9	1.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	685	410	275	2.0	2.4	1.6
Americas	190	100	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
United States of America	50	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mexico	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	190	145	45	0.5	0.8	0.3
Belgium	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	110	90	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
Germany	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Africa	190	115	75	0.5	0.7	0.4
Nigeria	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Morocco	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	80	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asia	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	55,755	27,415	28,340	...	...	...
In the labour force	34,010	17,720	16,290	...	...	...
Employed	31,935	16,570	15,370	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,075	1,155	920	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	21,740	9,695	12,050	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.0	64.6	57.5	61.0	64.6	57.5
Employment rate	57.3	60.4	54.2	57.3	60.4	54.2
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.5	5.6	6.1	6.5	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	55,750	27,420	28,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	21,290	9,510	11,780	38.2	34.7	41.6
Worked	34,460	17,905	16,560	61.8	65.3	58.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	18,770	10,250	8,520	33.7	37.4	30.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	15,695	7,650	8,035	28.2	27.9	28.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.5	41.7	42.1	42.5	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	34,010	17,725	16,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	630	320	310	1.9	1.8	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	33,380	17,400	15,980	98.1	98.2	98.1
Employee	29,875	15,335	14,540	87.8	86.5	89.3
Permanent position	25,915	13,470	12,435	76.2	76.0	76.3
Temporary position	3,965	1,865	2,100	11.7	10.5	12.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,320	505	810	3.9	2.8	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,645	1,355	1,290	7.8	7.6	7.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,500	2,065	1,440	10.3	11.7	8.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	34,010	17,725	16,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	630	320	310	1.9	1.8	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	33,380	17,400	15,980	98.1	98.2	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	460	330	130	1.4	1.9	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,905	1,275	3,630	14.4	7.2	22.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,510	1,130	390	4.4	6.4	2.4
3 Health occupations	3,085	465	2,620	9.1	2.6	16.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,040	1,065	2,970	11.9	6.0	18.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	525	235	285	1.5	1.3	1.7
6 Sales and service occupations	7,970	3,325	4,645	23.4	18.8	28.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,975	7,365	610	23.4	41.6	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	775	610	165	2.3	3.4	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,135	1,605	530	6.3	9.1	3.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	34,010	17,725	16,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	630	320	310	1.9	1.8	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	33,380	17,400	15,980	98.1	98.2	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	740	520	220	2.2	2.9	1.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	70	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
22 Utilities	480	390	90	1.4	2.2	0.6
23 Construction	3,240	2,920	315	9.5	16.5	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	4,200	3,115	1,085	12.3	17.6	6.7
41 Wholesale trade	1,035	720	310	3.0	4.1	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	4,280	1,940	2,335	12.6	10.9	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,125	1,605	520	6.2	9.1	3.2
51 Information and cultural industries	290	170	120	0.9	1.0	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	805	230	575	2.4	1.3	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	315	195	115	0.9	1.1	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,355	625	725	4.0	3.5	4.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,275	805	470	3.7	4.5	2.9
61 Educational services	2,175	575	1,605	6.4	3.2	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	5,685	870	4,815	16.7	4.9	29.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	195	140	1.0	1.1	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	1,590	635	950	4.7	3.6	5.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,740	870	870	5.1	4.9	5.3
91 Public administration	1,600	925	680	4.7	5.2	4.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	36,460	18,870	17,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	690	380	310	1.9	2.0	1.8
French	27,330	14,170	13,165	75.0	75.1	74.8
Non-official language	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	8,250	4,220	4,030	22.6	22.4	22.9
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	36,460	18,870	17,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	35,075	18,110	16,960	96.2	96.0	96.4
Official languages	35,010	18,080	16,925	96.0	95.8	96.2
English	1,555	835	715	4.3	4.4	4.1
French	33,455	17,245	16,205	91.8	91.4	92.1
Non-official languages	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,385	755	630	3.8	4.0	3.6
English and French	1,375	750	620	3.8	4.0	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	36,460	18,870	17,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	29,400	15,295	14,105	80.6	81.1	80.2
English	6,090	3,060	3,030	16.7	16.2	17.2
French	845	445	400	2.3	2.4	2.3
Non-official language	45	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	31,940	16,565	15,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,510	1,620	1,885	11.0	9.8	12.3
Worked outside Canada	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	4,085	3,135	950	12.8	18.9	6.2
Usual place of work	24,320	11,795	12,525	76.1	71.2	81.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	24,325	11,795	12,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,965	4,955	6,010	45.1	42.0	48.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,550	1,250	1,300	10.5	10.6	10.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,735	5,545	5,190	44.1	47.0	41.4
Commute to a different province or territory	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	28,405	14,925	13,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	26,440	14,020	12,420	93.1	93.9	92.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25,180	13,440	11,745	88.6	90.1	87.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,260	585	675	4.4	3.9	5.0
Public transit	290	140	150	1.0	0.9	1.1
Walked	1,225	520	710	4.3	3.5	5.3
Bicycle	155	115	35	0.5	0.8	0.3
Other method	295	130	165	1.0	0.9	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	28,405	14,925	13,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	10,720	4,850	5,875	37.7	32.5	43.6
15 to 29 minutes	8,985	4,690	4,290	31.6	31.4	31.8
30 to 44 minutes	4,845	2,750	2,095	17.1	18.4	15.5
45 to 59 minutes	2,385	1,605	780	8.4	10.8	5.8
60 minutes and over	1,465	1,035	435	5.2	6.9	3.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	28,405	14,925	13,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,880	2,340	540	10.1	15.7	4.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,760	3,760	2,005	20.3	25.2	14.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,270	3,770	4,500	29.1	25.3	33.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,800	1,685	3,115	16.9	11.3	23.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,150	750	1,400	7.6	5.0	10.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,550	2,625	1,925	16.0	17.6	14.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	12,785	6,545	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,580	830	755	12.4	12.7	12.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,205	5,715	5,485	87.6	87.3	88.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,805	4,540	4,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,045	555	490	11.9	12.2	11.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	795	410	385	9.0	9.0	9.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	250	150	105	2.8	3.3	2.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,760	3,985	3,780	88.1	87.8	88.5

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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