Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Beauce-Sartigan, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	53,384	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	52,406	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	25,591	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	24,136	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	27.3	...	...	27.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,952.73	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	53,385	27,095	26,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9,135	4,720	4,410	17.1	17.4	16.8
0 to 4 years	2,620	1,345	1,275	4.9	5.0	4.8
5 to 9 years	3,220	1,650	1,570	6.0	6.1	6.0
10 to 14 years	3,295	1,725	1,570	6.2	6.4	6.0
15 to 64 years	32,425	16,725	15,700	60.7	61.7	59.7
15 to 19 years	2,805	1,445	1,360	5.3	5.3	5.2
20 to 24 years	2,525	1,300	1,225	4.7	4.8	4.7
25 to 29 years	2,685	1,375	1,310	5.0	5.1	5.0
30 to 34 years	2,960	1,600	1,365	5.5	5.9	5.2
35 to 39 years	3,290	1,705	1,585	6.2	6.3	6.0
40 to 44 years	3,570	1,870	1,705	6.7	6.9	6.5
45 to 49 years	3,065	1,590	1,480	5.7	5.9	5.6
50 to 54 years	3,200	1,680	1,520	6.0	6.2	5.8
55 to 59 years	4,090	2,080	2,010	7.7	7.7	7.6
60 to 64 years	4,230	2,080	2,150	7.9	7.7	8.2
65 years and over	11,830	5,650	6,180	22.2	20.9	23.5
65 to 69 years	3,755	1,915	1,840	7.0	7.1	7.0
70 to 74 years	3,155	1,555	1,605	5.9	5.7	6.1
75 to 79 years	2,260	1,105	1,150	4.2	4.1	4.4
80 to 84 years	1,355	605	755	2.5	2.2	2.9
85 years and over	1,300	470	830	2.4	1.7	3.2
85 to 89 years	770	280	495	1.4	1.0	1.9
90 to 94 years	435	170	265	0.8	0.6	1.0
95 to 99 years	90	20	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.4	16.8	17.1	17.4	16.8
15 to 64 years	60.7	61.7	59.7	60.7	61.7	59.7
65 years and over	22.2	20.9	23.5	22.2	20.9	23.5
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.2	2.4	1.7	3.2
Average age of the population	43.5	42.7	44.3	43.5	42.7	44.3
Median age of the population	44.8	43.6	45.6	44.8	43.6	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	15,610	...	...	64.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,010	...	...	8.3	...	...
Row house	310	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	905	...	...	3.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,740	...	...	19.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	315	...	...	1.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	185	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	24,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	8,820	...	...	36.5	...	...
2 persons	8,620	...	...	35.7	...	...
3 persons	2,655	...	...	11.0	...	...
4 persons	2,645	...	...	11.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,400	...	...	5.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	52,170	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	44,250	22,370	21,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	25,690	12,890	12,805	58.1	57.6	58.5
Married	13,895	7,010	6,890	31.4	31.3	31.5
Living common-law	11,790	5,875	5,915	26.6	26.3	27.0
Living common law - Never married	9,605	4,785	4,815	21.7	21.4	22.0
Living common law - Separated	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,845	935	905	4.2	4.2	4.1
Living common law - Widowed	260	120	145	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	18,560	9,480	9,075	41.9	42.4	41.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	12,105	7,020	5,085	27.4	31.4	23.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	515	265	255	1.2	1.2	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,205	1,525	1,680	7.2	6.8	7.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,735	675	2,065	6.2	3.0	9.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	14,785	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	8,325	...	...	56.3	...	...
3 persons	2,585	...	...	17.5	...	...
4 persons	2,590	...	...	17.5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,290	...	...	8.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	14,790	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,640	...	...	85.5	...	...
Married couples	6,745	...	...	45.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,265	...	...	15.3	...	...
Without children	4,475	...	...	30.3	...	...
Common-law couples	5,895	...	...	39.9	...	...
With children⁶	3,230	...	...	21.8	...	...
Without children	2,665	...	...	18.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,150	...	...	14.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,470	...	...	9.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	680	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	52,170	26,570	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	41,650	20,915	20,735	79.8	78.7	81.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	25,280	12,625	12,655	48.5	47.5	49.4
Parents in one-parent families	2,145	685	1,465	4.1	2.6	5.7
Children⁶	14,225	7,610	6,615	27.3	28.6	25.8
In a two-parent family	10,765	5,715	5,055	20.6	21.5	19.7
In a one-parent family	3,455	1,900	1,555	6.6	7.2	6.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,520	5,650	4,870	20.2	21.3	19.0
Living alone	8,820	4,625	4,190	16.9	17.4	16.4
Living with other relatives⁷	615	325	285	1.2	1.2	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,090	695	395	2.1	2.6	1.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	14,405	...	...	59.7	...	...
Couple-family households	12,405	...	...	51.4	...	...
With children⁶	5,390	...	...	22.3	...	...
Without children	7,015	...	...	29.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,995	...	...	8.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	200	...	...	0.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	590	...	...	2.4	...	...
One-person households	8,820	...	...	36.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	43,045	21,845	21,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,495	21,590	20,900	98.7	98.8	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	45,200	34,400	39,600	45,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,505	21,600	20,905	98.7	98.9	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,200	31,400	35,200	39,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,645	20,010	18,635	89.8	91.6	87.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	39,200	24,800	31,800	39,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,990	16,725	14,260	72.0	76.6	67.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,800	28,200	34,800	40,800	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	36,990	18,235	18,755	85.9	83.5	88.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	9,100	12,600	11,000	9,100	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,850	3,205	2,640	13.6	14.7	12.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,680	4,520	4,920	4,680	4,520	4,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,920	7,810	6,110	32.3	35.8	28.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,520	6,000	5,480	4,520	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	43,025	21,860	21,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,500	21,620	20,880	98.8	98.9	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,160	51,850	40,240	46,160	51,850	40,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,505	21,620	20,890	98.8	98.9	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,440	35,040	38,800	42,440	35,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,570	19,985	18,585	89.6	91.4	87.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,160	46,080	31,760	39,160	46,080	31,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,990	16,785	14,200	72.0	76.8	67.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,280	45,280	34,400	40,280	45,280	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	36,890	18,170	18,720	85.7	83.1	88.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,210	11,010	13,360	12,210	11,010	13,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,885	3,250	2,635	13.7	14.9	12.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,210	5,530	7,050	6,210	5,530	7,050
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,925	7,945	5,980	32.4	36.3	28.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,410	5,950	7,030	6,410	5,950	7,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	43,025	21,865	21,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,855	8,525	6,325	34.5	39.0	29.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	53,600	44,400	50,400	53,600	44,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,100	63,000	51,550	58,100	63,000	51,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,855	6,360	6,495	29.9	29.1	30.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	25,000	17,200	20,000	25,000	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,960	31,360	22,640	26,960	31,360	22,640
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.0	82.2	70.2	77.0	82.2	70.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.7	67.8	58.1	63.7	67.8	58.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.0	17.8	29.8	23.0	17.8	29.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.2	1.9	1.6	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.8	6.2	5.4	4.8	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.2	5.0	4.6	4.2	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	43,050	21,845	21,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	555	250	300	1.3	1.1	1.4
With total income	42,495	21,595	20,900	98.7	98.9	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,310	925	1,380	5.4	4.3	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	5,690	2,205	3,480	13.4	10.2	16.7
$20,000 to $29,999	7,535	3,415	4,120	17.7	15.8	19.7
$30,000 to $39,999	5,830	2,545	3,285	13.7	11.8	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	6,215	3,305	2,910	14.6	15.3	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	5,075	2,940	2,135	11.9	13.6	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	3,360	2,125	1,230	7.9	9.8	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	2,220	1,445	775	5.2	6.7	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,550	920	630	3.6	4.3	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	865	520	345	2.0	2.4	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,855	1,250	605	4.4	5.8	2.9
$100,000 to $149,999	1,345	900	450	3.2	4.2	2.2
$150,000 and over	505	350	160	1.2	1.6	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	43,050	21,845	21,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	540	250	295	1.3	1.1	1.4
With after-tax income	42,505	21,595	20,905	98.7	98.9	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,445	965	1,475	5.8	4.5	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	5,955	2,345	3,610	14.0	10.9	17.3
$20,000 to $29,999	8,750	3,970	4,780	20.6	18.4	22.9
$30,000 to $39,999	7,875	3,820	4,060	18.5	17.7	19.4
$40,000 to $49,999	7,310	4,285	3,020	17.2	19.8	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	4,535	2,800	1,735	10.7	13.0	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	2,585	1,555	1,035	6.1	7.2	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,325	735	585	3.1	3.4	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	665	410	260	1.6	1.9	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	335	215	120	0.8	1.0	0.6
$100,000 and over	720	490	230	1.7	2.3	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	390	255	135	0.9	1.2	0.6
$125,000 and over	330	235	95	0.8	1.1	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	43,050	21,845	21,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,060	5,120	6,935	28.0	23.4	32.7
With employment income	30,990	16,725	14,265	72.0	76.6	67.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,725	1,975	1,745	12.0	11.8	12.2
$5,000 to $9,999	2,520	1,095	1,430	8.1	6.5	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	3,970	1,685	2,285	12.8	10.1	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,495	1,445	2,050	11.3	8.6	14.4
$30,000 to $39,999	3,930	1,960	1,970	12.7	11.7	13.8
$40,000 to $49,999	3,915	2,270	1,645	12.6	13.6	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,095	2,075	1,025	10.0	12.4	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,105	1,515	590	6.8	9.1	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,440	925	515	4.6	5.5	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	600	445	3.4	3.6	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	545	350	195	1.8	2.1	1.4
$100,000 and over	1,195	830	365	3.9	5.0	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	640	445	195	2.1	2.7	1.4
$125,000 and over	555	385	165	1.8	2.3	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	43,045	21,845	21,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,000	21,330	20,670	97.6	97.6	97.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	43,200	31,200	36,800	43,200	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,015	21,330	20,675	97.6	97.6	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	28,600	32,800	37,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,090	19,745	18,350	88.5	90.4	86.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	40,400	25,800	32,400	40,400	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,190	16,770	14,420	72.5	76.8	68.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,600	28,200	34,800	41,600	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,650	15,475	17,175	75.9	70.8	81.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,900	7,100	10,200	8,900	7,100	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,720	3,150	2,570	13.3	14.4	12.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,920	3,880	4,000	3,920	3,880	4,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	43,025	21,860	21,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,040	21,340	20,700	97.7	97.6	97.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,160	49,120	37,000	43,160	49,120	37,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,055	21,340	20,715	97.7	97.6	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,360	40,400	32,200	36,360	40,400	32,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,045	19,695	18,350	88.4	90.1	86.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,120	46,240	31,480	39,120	46,240	31,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,190	16,795	14,395	72.5	76.8	68.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,320	33,200	39,200	44,320	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,555	15,470	17,095	75.7	70.8	80.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,010	8,870	11,030	10,010	8,870	11,030
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,780	3,150	2,635	13.4	14.4	12.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,885	4,896	7,060	5,885	4,896	7,060
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	43,025	21,865	21,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,780	8,505	6,275	34.4	38.9	29.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	52,800	41,600	47,600	52,800	41,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,800	58,350	47,680	53,800	58,350	47,680
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,365	6,085	6,275	28.7	27.8	29.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	31,200	20,000	23,800	31,200	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,960	35,200	24,900	29,960	35,200	24,900
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.0	87.0	75.4	82.0	87.0	75.4
Employment income (%)	67.4	71.0	62.4	67.4	71.0	62.4
Government transfers (%)	18.0	13.1	24.6	18.0	13.1	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.5	2.4	1.9	1.5	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	24,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	8,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	24,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,300	...	...	81,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,300	...	...	68,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,480	...	...	41,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,800	...	...	35,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,330	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,100	...	...	104,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	315	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	640	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,675	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,055	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	920	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,345	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,345	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,205	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,245	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,860	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,635	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,555	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,335	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,745	...	...	27.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,725	...	...	11.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,730	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,520	...	...	6.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	770	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	325	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	675	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,765	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,285	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,210	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,690	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,615	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,335	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,370	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,065	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,875	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,640	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,445	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,560	...	...	18.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,385	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,175	...	...	4.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,005	...	...	4.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	14,885	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,025	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,515	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	9,905	5,325	4,585	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	41,200	30,600	36,000	41,200	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	36,000	28,800	32,400	36,000	28,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	14,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,500	...	...	104,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,300	...	...	87,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...	86,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,800	...	...	72,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,200	...	...	142,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	9,910	5,310	4,600	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,840	44,120	37,000	40,840	44,120	37,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,240	37,480	32,680	35,240	37,480	32,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	52,170	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,865	5,605	5,260	20.8	21.1	20.5
0 to 5 years	3,215	1,670	1,540	6.2	6.3	6.0
18 to 64 years	30,500	15,695	14,805	58.5	59.1	57.8
65 years and over	10,805	5,260	5,545	20.7	19.8	21.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,245	2,875	3,365	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	865	435	430	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	295	150	145	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,750	1,340	1,410	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,630	1,095	1,525	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	10.8	13.1	12.0	10.8	13.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	7.8	8.2	8.0	7.8	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	8.8	9.4	9.1	8.8	9.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.6	9.5	9.0	8.6	9.5
65 years and over (%)	24.3	20.9	27.6	24.3	20.9	27.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	52,170	26,570	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,870	5,605	5,260	20.8	21.1	20.5
0 to 5 years	3,215	1,675	1,545	6.2	6.3	6.0
18 to 64 years	30,500	15,700	14,800	58.5	59.1	57.8
65 years and over	10,805	5,260	5,545	20.7	19.8	21.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,280	670	615	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	150	70	80	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	30	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,010	540	465	...	...	...
65 years and over	120	60	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.5	2.4	2.5	2.5	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.5	3.2	3.3	3.5	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	52,170	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	32,280	16,205	16,075	61.9	61.0	62.8
In bottom decile	4,800	2,240	2,560	9.2	8.4	10.0
In second decile	6,735	3,200	3,530	12.9	12.0	13.8
In third decile	6,535	3,295	3,245	12.5	12.4	12.7
In fourth decile	7,080	3,700	3,380	13.6	13.9	13.2
In fifth decile	7,125	3,770	3,360	13.7	14.2	13.1
In top half of the distribution	19,890	10,365	9,530	38.1	39.0	37.2
In sixth decile	6,275	3,260	3,015	12.0	12.3	11.8
In seventh decile	5,370	2,750	2,615	10.3	10.4	10.2
In eighth decile	4,040	2,120	1,915	7.7	8.0	7.5
In ninth decile	2,680	1,420	1,265	5.1	5.3	4.9
In top decile	1,530	805	725	2.9	3.0	2.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	52,170	...	...	52,170	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.287	...	...	0.287	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.422	...	...	0.422	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.246	...	...	0.246	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	52,710	26,770	25,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	115	70	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
French only	39,530	19,335	20,190	75.0	72.2	77.8
English and French	12,890	7,240	5,650	24.5	27.0	21.8
Neither English nor French	180	125	60	0.3	0.5	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	52,710	26,770	25,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	510	275	235	1.0	1.0	0.9
French	51,885	26,295	25,595	98.4	98.2	98.7
English and French	145	85	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	165	110	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	52,710	26,770	25,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	52,390	26,610	25,780	99.4	99.4	99.4
Official languages	51,480	26,025	25,455	97.7	97.2	98.1
English	425	215	210	0.8	0.8	0.8
French	51,050	25,810	25,245	96.9	96.4	97.3
Non-official languages	915	585	330	1.7	2.2	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	910	585	325	1.7	2.2	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	85	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	145	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	145	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	35	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	605	410	200	1.1	1.5	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	570	390	185	1.1	1.5	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	525	365	160	1.0	1.4	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	315	160	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	220	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	52,710	26,770	25,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	170	85	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	50,505	25,455	25,045	95.8	95.1	96.6
Non-official language	365	250	110	0.7	0.9	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	365	250	110	0.7	0.9	0.4
English and French	1,020	585	430	1.9	2.2	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	440	255	185	0.8	1.0	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	165	95	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	52,710	26,770	25,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	52,405	26,605	25,800	99.4	99.4	99.5
Official languages	51,810	26,200	25,615	98.3	97.9	98.8
English	280	145	135	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	51,530	26,055	25,480	97.8	97.3	98.2
Non-official languages	590	400	185	1.1	1.5	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	590	400	185	1.1	1.5	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	405	285	125	0.8	1.1	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	400	280	120	0.8	1.0	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	380	270	110	0.7	1.0	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	305	170	140	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	160	80	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	110	65	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	52,710	26,770	25,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	51,300	25,940	25,360	97.3	96.9	97.8
English	820	490	325	1.6	1.8	1.3
French	255	145	105	0.5	0.5	0.4
Non-official language	210	115	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	210	115	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	52,170	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	52,040	26,480	25,560	99.8	99.7	99.8
English	13,065	7,240	5,820	25.0	27.3	22.7
French	51,910	26,390	25,520	99.5	99.3	99.7
Non-official languages	1,995	1,100	895	3.8	4.1	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,985	1,100	885	3.8	4.1	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	125	110	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	235	125	110	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	230	125	110	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	100	95	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	90	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	100	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,490	795	695	2.9	3.0	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,415	745	670	2.7	2.8	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,335	710	625	2.6	2.7	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	52,170	26,570	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	755	375	380	1.4	1.4	1.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	690	340	350	1.3	1.3	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	430	205	230	0.8	0.8	0.9
Métis	225	120	105	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	51,420	26,195	25,220	98.6	98.6	98.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	52,170	26,570	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	165	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	52,005	26,480	25,525	99.7	99.7	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	16,360	...	...	67.8	...	...
Renter	7,775	...	...	32.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,275	...	...	9.4	...	...
Not condominium	21,860	...	...	90.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	2,525	...	...	10.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,880	...	...	28.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,400	...	...	34.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,230	...	...	25.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,910	...	...	28.6	...	...
5 rooms	4,020	...	...	16.7	...	...
6 rooms	3,420	...	...	14.2	...	...
7 rooms	3,210	...	...	13.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,570	...	...	27.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	24,055	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	85	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	23,835	...	...	98.8	...	...
Not suitable	300	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,065	...	...	21.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,125	...	...	25.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,595	...	...	14.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,100	...	...	12.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,395	...	...	5.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,705	...	...	7.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,570	...	...	6.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,575	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	23,145	...	...	95.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	990	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	14,205	...	...	58.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,705	...	...	40.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	225	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	755	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,075	...	...	12.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,040	...	...	16.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,745	...	...	15.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,150	...	...	21.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,390	...	...	18.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,300	...	...	9.5	...	...
85 years and over	680	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	23,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	21,525	...	...	90.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,270	...	...	9.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,080	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,420	...	...	14.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,160	...	...	8.9	...	...
Not suitable only	270	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	860	...	...	3.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	20,720	...	...	85.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	23,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	685	...	...	2.9	...	...
Not in core need	22,920	...	...	97.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,105	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.6	...	...	53.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.1	...	...	5.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	841	...	...	841	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	180,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	201,000	...	...	201,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,760	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.9	...	...	18.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	600	...	...	600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	653	...	...	653	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	52,170	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,175	575	600	2.3	2.2	2.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,165	565	600	2.2	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,035	500	540	2.0	1.9	2.1
Métis single ancestry	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	600	255	350	1.2	1.0	1.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	600	255	350	1.2	1.0	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	520	215	300	1.0	0.8	1.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	50,395	25,740	24,660	96.6	96.9	96.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	52,175	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	50,895	25,770	25,120	97.5	97.0	98.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,645	5,505	5,135	20.4	20.7	20.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	40,250	20,260	19,985	77.1	76.3	78.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,280	800	480	2.5	3.0	1.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	52,175	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	50,435	25,520	24,915	96.7	96.1	97.3
Immigrants⁸¹	850	430	425	1.6	1.6	1.7
Before 1980	175	95	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
1980 to 1990	45	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
1991 to 2000	55	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	120	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	455	245	215	0.9	0.9	0.8
2011 to 2015	165	95	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
2016 to 2021	290	145	145	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	880	620	265	1.7	2.3	1.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	855	430	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	165	85	80	19.3	19.8	18.8
5 to 14 years	150	70	80	17.5	16.3	18.8
15 to 24 years	85	30	55	9.9	7.0	12.9
25 to 44 years	420	235	185	49.1	54.7	43.5
45 years and over	35	15	25	4.1	3.5	5.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	855	430	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	395	200	195	46.2	46.5	45.9
Brazil	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Colombia	60	40	15	7.0	9.3	3.5
El Salvador	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	75	25	50	8.8	5.8	11.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	15	10	2.9	3.5	2.4
Peru	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	165	85	85	19.3	19.8	20.0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	15	5.3	5.8	3.5
Europe	215	130	90	25.1	30.2	21.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	125	90	40	14.6	20.9	9.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	15	10	0	1.8	2.3	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	20	30	5.8	4.7	7.1
Africa	210	95	120	24.6	22.1	28.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	20	10	3.5	4.7	2.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	170	65	105	19.9	15.1	24.7
Asia	35	15	25	4.1	3.5	5.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	290	145	140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	45	30	25.9	31.0	21.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	35	10	25	12.1	6.9	17.9
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	3.4	6.9	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	5.2	10.3	0.0
Europe	75	50	25	25.9	34.5	17.9
France	60	40	20	20.7	27.6	14.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	5.2	6.9	0.0
Africa	135	50	85	46.6	34.5	60.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	10	20	12.1	6.9	14.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	20	15	0	6.9	10.3	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	40	15	30	13.8	10.3	21.4
Other places of birth in Africa	35	10	20	12.1	6.9	14.3
Asia	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	52,170	26,570	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,985	1,180	800	3.8	4.4	3.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,120	585	535	2.1	2.2	2.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	49,075	24,800	24,275	94.1	93.3	94.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	675	335	345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	430	235	200	63.7	70.1	58.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	230	140	90	34.1	41.8	26.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	90	110	28.9	26.9	31.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	235	95	140	34.8	28.4	40.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	10	2.2	3.0	2.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	675	335	345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	110	70	40	16.3	20.9	11.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	20	15	5.2	6.0	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	85	55	30	12.6	16.4	8.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	435	180	255	64.4	53.7	73.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	52,170	26,570	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,335	820	515	2.6	3.1	2.0
South Asian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	360	175	185	0.7	0.7	0.7
Filipino	105	95	10	0.2	0.4	0.0
Arab	250	140	110	0.5	0.5	0.4
Latin American	480	330	150	0.9	1.2	0.6
Southeast Asian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	50,840	25,745	25,095	97.5	96.9	98.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	52,175	26,565	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	24,040	12,050	11,990	46.1	45.4	46.8
English	215	95	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Irish	1,170	580	585	2.2	2.2	2.3
Scottish	100	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	10,820	5,600	5,225	20.7	21.1	20.4
German	135	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Italian	165	95	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indian (India)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Polish	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Québécois	7,010	3,505	3,505	13.4	13.2	13.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	85	80	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
French Canadian	6,045	3,085	2,960	11.6	11.6	11.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	925	480	445	1.8	1.8	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	595	265	330	1.1	1.0	1.3
Métis	180	90	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	260	130	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	180	95	90	0.3	0.4	0.4
American	250	130	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Spanish	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	305	165	140	0.6	0.6	0.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	110	65	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,010	525	480	1.9	2.0	1.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	140	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian	175	75	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	150	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	105	75	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	195	135	55	0.4	0.5	0.2
Moroccan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	135	45	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	155	90	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	55	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	375	200	175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	65	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	70	15	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	60	60	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	25	15	20	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	52,170	26,570	25,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian	43,890	22,110	21,775	84.1	83.2	85.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,170	1,505	1,660	6.1	5.7	6.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	305	160	150	0.6	0.6	0.6
Catholic	39,615	20,040	19,575	75.9	75.4	76.4
Christian Orthodox	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	180	85	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	240	110	135	0.5	0.4	0.5
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	270	160	105	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	300	175	130	0.6	0.7	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	7,880	4,235	3,650	15.1	15.9	14.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	51,735	26,340	25,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	47,275	24,110	23,165	91.4	91.5	91.2
Movers	4,455	2,230	2,230	8.6	8.5	8.8
Non-migrants	2,445	1,245	1,205	4.7	4.7	4.7
Migrants	2,010	985	1,020	3.9	3.7	4.0
Internal migrants	1,830	875	950	3.5	3.3	3.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,790	870	920	3.5	3.3	3.6
Interprovincial migrants	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
External migrants	180	110	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	49,535	25,250	24,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	34,520	17,720	16,800	69.7	70.2	69.2
Movers	15,015	7,525	7,485	30.3	29.8	30.8
Non-migrants	6,085	3,125	2,960	12.3	12.4	12.2
Migrants	8,930	4,405	4,520	18.0	17.4	18.6
Internal migrants	8,005	3,785	4,220	16.2	15.0	17.4
Intraprovincial migrants	7,825	3,705	4,125	15.8	14.7	17.0
Interprovincial migrants	180	80	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
External migrants	920	615	305	1.9	2.4	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,025	21,860	21,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	12,400	7,010	5,385	28.8	32.1	25.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	30,630	14,850	15,775	71.2	67.9	74.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,925	13,915	13,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,520	3,495	2,025	20.5	25.1	15.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,405	10,420	10,985	79.5	74.9	84.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,025	21,860	21,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,060	6,010	5,050	25.7	27.5	23.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,430	4,655	4,775	21.9	21.3	22.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,535	11,190	11,340	52.4	51.2	53.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,755	9,250	8,505	41.3	42.3	40.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,580	5,815	3,760	22.3	26.6	17.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	7,190	3,935	3,255	16.7	18.0	15.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,390	1,885	500	5.6	8.6	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,055	3,025	4,030	16.4	13.8	19.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,120	410	715	2.6	1.9	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,775	1,940	2,835	11.1	8.9	13.4
Bachelor's degree	3,590	1,455	2,135	8.3	6.7	10.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	440	200	240	1.0	0.9	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	535	185	350	1.2	0.8	1.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	115	50	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,930	13,915	13,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,585	2,825	1,760	17.0	20.3	13.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,120	2,765	2,355	19.0	19.9	18.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,220	8,325	8,895	63.9	59.8	68.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,410	6,915	6,495	49.8	49.7	49.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,510	4,390	3,115	27.9	31.5	23.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,765	3,025	2,740	21.4	21.7	21.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,745	1,370	370	6.5	9.8	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,210	2,265	2,945	19.3	16.3	22.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	690	260	430	2.6	1.9	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,815	1,415	2,405	14.2	10.2	18.5
Bachelor's degree	2,875	1,100	1,780	10.7	7.9	13.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	325	130	195	1.2	0.9	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	430	115	320	1.6	0.8	2.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	43,020	21,860	21,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	20,490	10,670	9,820	47.6	48.8	46.4
Education	2,150	555	1,595	5.0	2.5	7.5
13. Education	2,150	555	1,595	5.0	2.5	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	480	180	305	1.1	0.8	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	345	110	235	0.8	0.5	1.1
Humanities	845	455	385	2.0	2.1	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	540	310	225	1.3	1.4	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	55	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	110	35	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,095	240	855	2.5	1.1	4.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	460	15	450	1.1	0.1	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	135	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	215	25	190	0.5	0.1	0.9
45. Social sciences	150	90	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Business, management and public administration	4,910	1,435	3,475	11.4	6.6	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	15	240	0.6	0.1	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,660	1,420	3,245	10.8	6.5	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	365	190	175	0.8	0.9	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	145	80	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
40. Physical sciences	55	45	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	575	390	180	1.3	1.8	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	480	340	135	1.1	1.6	0.6
25. Library science	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	40	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,275	5,830	445	14.6	26.7	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	465	405	65	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,070	900	170	2.5	4.1	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,665	1,620	35	3.9	7.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,445	1,385	60	3.4	6.3	0.3
48. Precision production	1,555	1,480	75	3.6	6.8	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	720	505	215	1.7	2.3	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	490	305	190	1.1	1.4	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	195	30	0.5	0.9	0.1
Health and related fields	3,115	475	2,645	7.2	2.2	12.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,935	385	2,545	6.8	1.8	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,000	940	1,065	4.6	4.3	5.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,195	240	955	2.8	1.1	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	280	210	75	0.7	1.0	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	495	460	35	1.2	2.1	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,925	13,915	13,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,705	5,585	4,120	36.0	40.1	31.7
Education	1,450	315	1,125	5.4	2.3	8.6
13. Education	1,450	315	1,125	5.4	2.3	8.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	370	145	225	1.4	1.0	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	250	90	165	0.9	0.6	1.3
Humanities	495	250	250	1.8	1.8	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	175	140	1.2	1.3	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	25	50	0.2	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	835	150	685	3.1	1.1	5.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	10	370	1.4	0.1	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	85	20	65	0.3	0.1	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	155	15	140	0.6	0.1	1.1
45. Social sciences	115	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Business, management and public administration	3,945	1,075	2,875	14.7	7.7	22.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	10	200	0.8	0.1	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,740	1,065	2,675	13.9	7.7	20.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	95	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	485	340	145	1.8	2.4	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	425	310	115	1.6	2.2	0.9
25. Library science	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,960	4,565	395	18.4	32.8	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	430	370	60	1.6	2.7	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	860	705	155	3.2	5.1	1.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,180	1,150	25	4.4	8.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,185	1,130	55	4.4	8.1	0.4
48. Precision production	1,260	1,185	75	4.7	8.5	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	535	355	175	2.0	2.6	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	405	250	155	1.5	1.8	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	105	30	0.5	0.8	0.2
Health and related fields	2,475	375	2,100	9.2	2.7	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	55	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,325	305	2,015	8.6	2.2	15.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,495	660	840	5.6	4.7	6.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	890	125	760	3.3	0.9	5.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	215	165	50	0.8	1.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	380	355	25	1.4	2.6	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	26,925	13,915	13,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,705	5,585	4,120	36.0	40.1	31.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	17,225	8,330	8,895	64.0	59.9	68.3
Location of study inside Canada	16,405	7,755	8,650	60.9	55.7	66.5
Same as province or territory of residence	16,175	7,620	8,560	60.1	54.8	65.8
Different than province or territory of residence	225	135	90	0.8	1.0	0.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	820	575	245	3.0	4.1	1.9
Americas	385	275	105	1.4	2.0	0.8
United States of America	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mexico	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombia	165	125	35	0.6	0.9	0.3
Peru	15	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	105	85	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Europe	220	135	85	0.8	1.0	0.7
Belgium	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
France	190	120	70	0.7	0.9	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	185	140	50	0.7	1.0	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tunisia	110	85	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asia	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	43,025	21,860	21,160	...	...	...
In the labour force	27,865	15,105	12,760	...	...	...
Employed	26,370	14,400	11,970	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,500	705	795	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	15,155	6,755	8,400	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.8	69.1	60.3	64.8	69.1	60.3
Employment rate	61.3	65.9	56.6	61.3	65.9	56.6
Unemployment rate	5.4	4.7	6.2	5.4	4.7	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	43,020	21,860	21,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	14,560	6,515	8,045	33.8	29.8	38.0
Worked	28,465	15,340	13,120	66.2	70.2	62.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	15,170	8,735	6,440	35.3	40.0	30.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	13,290	6,610	6,680	30.9	30.2	31.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	44.0	42.2	43.1	44.0	42.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	27,870	15,110	12,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	355	165	190	1.3	1.1	1.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	27,515	14,945	12,570	98.7	98.9	98.5
Employee	24,200	12,900	11,300	86.8	85.4	88.6
Permanent position	20,670	11,125	9,545	74.2	73.6	74.8
Temporary position	3,535	1,775	1,760	12.7	11.7	13.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,275	650	625	4.6	4.3	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,265	1,130	1,135	8.1	7.5	8.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,310	2,045	1,265	11.9	13.5	9.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	27,870	15,110	12,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	355	165	190	1.3	1.1	1.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	27,515	14,945	12,570	98.7	98.9	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	475	370	105	1.7	2.4	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,055	1,200	2,850	14.5	7.9	22.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,500	1,090	410	5.4	7.2	3.2
3 Health occupations	2,095	305	1,785	7.5	2.0	14.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,745	615	2,130	9.8	4.1	16.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	430	160	265	1.5	1.1	2.1
6 Sales and service occupations	6,180	2,635	3,550	22.2	17.4	27.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,230	5,805	420	22.4	38.4	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	925	755	170	3.3	5.0	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,885	2,000	885	10.4	13.2	6.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	27,870	15,110	12,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	355	165	190	1.3	1.1	1.5
All industries¹⁹¹	27,515	14,945	12,570	98.7	98.9	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,095	820	275	3.9	5.4	2.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
22 Utilities	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
23 Construction	2,720	2,265	460	9.8	15.0	3.6
31-33 Manufacturing	6,645	4,785	1,860	23.8	31.7	14.6
41 Wholesale trade	570	405	170	2.0	2.7	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	3,445	1,615	1,830	12.4	10.7	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,015	815	200	3.6	5.4	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	150	90	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	490	125	365	1.8	0.8	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	220	135	85	0.8	0.9	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,235	625	610	4.4	4.1	4.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	620	330	290	2.2	2.2	2.3
61 Educational services	1,860	495	1,365	6.7	3.3	10.7
62 Health care and social assistance	3,730	575	3,155	13.4	3.8	24.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	175	90	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
72 Accommodation and food services	1,340	550	795	4.8	3.6	6.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,400	740	665	5.0	4.9	5.2
91 Public administration	700	410	285	2.5	2.7	2.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	29,920	16,170	13,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	245	165	80	0.8	1.0	0.6
French	27,110	14,330	12,775	90.6	88.6	92.9
Non-official language	50	40	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	40	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	2,330	1,515	815	7.8	9.4	5.9
English and non-official language(s)	35	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	85	50	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	29,920	16,170	13,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,575	15,920	13,650	98.8	98.5	99.2
Official languages	29,520	15,875	13,645	98.7	98.2	99.2
English	520	335	185	1.7	2.1	1.3
French	29,000	15,540	13,455	96.9	96.1	97.8
Non-official languages	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	345	245	95	1.2	1.5	0.7
English and French	305	220	85	1.0	1.4	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	29,920	16,170	13,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	27,745	14,785	12,960	92.7	91.4	94.2
English	1,790	1,160	630	6.0	7.2	4.6
French	235	135	105	0.8	0.8	0.8
Non-official language	85	70	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	70	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	26,370	14,400	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,230	1,480	1,750	12.2	10.3	14.6
Worked outside Canada	90	80	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,980	2,375	605	11.3	16.5	5.1
Usual place of work	20,070	10,465	9,610	76.1	72.7	80.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	20,070	10,465	9,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,300	5,860	5,440	56.3	56.0	56.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,875	2,550	2,325	24.3	24.4	24.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,860	2,040	1,825	19.2	19.5	19.0
Commute to a different province or territory	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	23,050	12,835	10,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	21,665	12,110	9,555	94.0	94.4	93.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	20,575	11,590	8,985	89.3	90.3	88.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,090	520	570	4.7	4.1	5.6
Public transit	60	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Walked	940	480	460	4.1	3.7	4.5
Bicycle	80	65	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
Other method	300	150	155	1.3	1.2	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	23,050	12,835	10,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	11,685	6,085	5,600	50.7	47.4	54.8
15 to 29 minutes	7,220	4,050	3,170	31.3	31.6	31.0
30 to 44 minutes	2,625	1,530	1,095	11.4	11.9	10.7
45 to 59 minutes	605	395	210	2.6	3.1	2.1
60 minutes and over	920	775	150	4.0	6.0	1.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	23,050	12,835	10,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,335	1,835	500	10.1	14.3	4.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,005	3,615	1,390	21.7	28.2	13.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,315	3,465	3,860	31.7	27.0	37.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,665	1,320	2,345	15.9	10.3	23.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,220	450	765	5.3	3.5	7.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,510	2,160	1,355	15.2	16.8	13.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	11,055	5,710	5,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	565	300	270	5.1	5.3	5.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,485	5,410	5,080	94.8	94.7	95.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,215	4,235	3,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	445	225	215	5.4	5.3	5.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	290	150	140	3.5	3.5	3.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	85	70	1.8	2.0	1.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,775	4,010	3,765	94.6	94.7	94.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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