Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Beaconsfield, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,277	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,324	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.2	...	...	- 0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,915	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,753	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,747.5	...	...	1,747.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.03	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,280	9,440	9,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,470	1,780	1,690	18.0	18.9	17.2
0 to 4 years	840	430	410	4.4	4.6	4.2
5 to 9 years	1,255	625	625	6.5	6.6	6.4
10 to 14 years	1,375	720	655	7.1	7.6	6.7
15 to 64 years	12,035	5,860	6,180	62.4	62.1	62.8
15 to 19 years	1,450	755	695	7.5	8.0	7.1
20 to 24 years	1,245	630	615	6.5	6.7	6.3
25 to 29 years	630	360	275	3.3	3.8	2.8
30 to 34 years	560	265	300	2.9	2.8	3.0
35 to 39 years	1,010	460	545	5.2	4.9	5.5
40 to 44 years	1,280	585	695	6.6	6.2	7.1
45 to 49 years	1,385	615	770	7.2	6.5	7.8
50 to 54 years	1,550	760	790	8.0	8.1	8.0
55 to 59 years	1,580	780	795	8.2	8.3	8.1
60 to 64 years	1,345	655	690	7.0	6.9	7.0
65 years and over	3,770	1,800	1,970	19.6	19.1	20.0
65 to 69 years	1,050	500	550	5.4	5.3	5.6
70 to 74 years	990	480	505	5.1	5.1	5.1
75 to 79 years	775	365	410	4.0	3.9	4.2
80 to 84 years	515	245	270	2.7	2.6	2.7
85 years and over	440	205	235	2.3	2.2	2.4
85 to 89 years	295	145	150	1.5	1.5	1.5
90 to 94 years	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	18.9	17.2	18.0	18.9	17.2
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.1	62.8	62.4	62.1	62.8
65 years and over	19.6	19.1	20.0	19.6	19.1	20.0
85 years and over	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4
Average age of the population	42.3	41.7	43.0	42.3	41.7	43.0
Median age of the population	44.8	44.0	45.6	44.8	44.0	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,795	...	...	85.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	90	...	...	1.3	...	...
Row house	520	...	...	7.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	340	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,100	...	...	16.3	...	...
2 persons	2,175	...	...	32.2	...	...
3 persons	1,215	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	1,555	...	...	23.0	...	...
5 or more persons	705	...	...	10.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,040	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,810	7,660	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,165	5,080	5,090	64.3	66.3	62.5
Married	8,910	4,440	4,470	56.4	58.0	54.9
Living common-law	1,255	635	620	7.9	8.3	7.6
Living common law - Never married	875	435	440	5.5	5.7	5.4
Living common law - Separated	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	315	160	155	2.0	2.1	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	5,640	2,580	3,055	35.7	33.7	37.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,005	2,105	1,900	25.3	27.5	23.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	190	65	125	1.2	0.8	1.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	770	255	520	4.9	3.3	6.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	670	155	515	4.2	2.0	6.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,265	...	...	40.1	...	...
3 persons	1,235	...	...	21.9	...	...
4 persons	1,565	...	...	27.7	...	...
5 or more persons	585	...	...	10.4	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,005	...	...	88.6	...	...
Married couples	4,380	...	...	77.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,760	...	...	48.8	...	...
Without children	1,625	...	...	28.8	...	...
Common-law couples	630	...	...	11.2	...	...
With children⁶	340	...	...	6.0	...	...
Without children	290	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	640	...	...	11.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	480	...	...	8.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	165	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,040	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	17,530	8,770	8,755	92.1	93.5	90.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,015	5,020	4,995	52.6	53.5	51.7
Parents in one-parent families	640	165	475	3.4	1.8	4.9
Children⁶	6,870	3,590	3,280	36.1	38.3	34.0
In a two-parent family	5,860	3,035	2,825	30.8	32.4	29.2
In a one-parent family	1,010	555	460	5.3	5.9	4.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,510	605	900	7.9	6.4	9.3
Living alone	1,105	425	675	5.8	4.5	7.0
Living with other relatives⁷	235	95	140	1.2	1.0	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	170	85	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,320	...	...	78.8	...	...
Couple-family households	4,760	...	...	70.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,950	...	...	43.7	...	...
Without children	1,815	...	...	26.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	555	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	135	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	75	...	...	1.1	...	...
One-person households	1,105	...	...	16.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,570	7,600	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,815	7,245	7,570	95.2	95.3	95.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	66,000	43,600	52,000	66,000	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,820	7,250	7,575	95.2	95.4	95.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,600	37,600	44,400	53,600	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,930	6,860	7,070	89.5	90.3	88.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	61,600	34,800	45,200	61,600	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,815	5,590	5,220	69.5	73.6	65.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	62,400	38,000	48,000	62,400	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,885	4,665	6,220	69.9	61.4	78.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	9,900	9,800	9,800	9,900	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	875	385	490	5.6	5.1	6.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,200	6,000	5,760	5,200	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,990	1,975	2,025	25.6	26.0	25.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,570	7,600	7,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,760	7,230	7,525	94.8	95.1	94.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	87,000	109,200	65,800	87,000	109,200	65,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,760	7,230	7,525	94.8	95.1	94.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,850	75,700	50,600	62,850	75,700	50,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,815	6,795	7,015	88.7	89.4	88.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	84,400	108,900	60,650	84,400	108,900	60,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,815	5,600	5,215	69.5	73.7	65.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	83,700	104,700	61,050	83,700	104,700	61,050
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,880	4,635	6,245	69.9	61.0	78.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,960	10,770	11,100	10,960	10,770	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	810	340	470	5.2	4.5	5.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,360	5,380	10,520	8,360	5,380	10,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,885	1,935	1,950	25.0	25.5	24.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,980	8,000	7,960	7,980	8,000	7,960
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,270	2,950	2,320	33.8	38.8	29.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	95,000	109,000	82,000	95,000	109,000	82,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	136,600	163,400	102,600	136,600	163,400	102,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,180	1,960	2,225	26.8	25.8	27.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,100	15,400	12,800	14,100	15,400	12,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,400	42,600	30,920	36,400	42,600	30,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.8	93.6	86.0	90.8	93.6	86.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.4	74.2	64.4	70.4	74.2	64.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.3	6.3	14.0	9.3	6.3	14.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.2	1.0	0.5	0.2	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.7	2.1	3.6	2.7	2.1	3.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.4	2.0	3.1	2.4	2.0	3.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	755	360	395	4.8	4.7	5.0
With total income	14,820	7,245	7,575	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,590	695	895	10.7	9.6	11.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,630	675	955	11.0	9.3	12.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,620	660	960	10.9	9.1	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,245	515	725	8.4	7.1	9.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,095	440	650	7.4	6.1	8.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,040	430	610	7.0	5.9	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	805	350	460	5.4	4.8	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	805	405	405	5.4	5.6	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	755	355	395	5.1	4.9	5.2
$90,000 to $99,999	545	270	275	3.7	3.7	3.6
$100,000 and over	3,695	2,445	1,250	24.9	33.7	16.5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,715	1,015	705	11.6	14.0	9.3
$150,000 and over	1,975	1,435	540	13.3	19.8	7.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	750	355	395	4.8	4.7	5.0
With after-tax income	14,820	7,245	7,575	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,745	740	1,005	11.8	10.2	13.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,750	720	1,030	11.8	9.9	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,855	780	1,075	12.5	10.8	14.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,485	620	865	10.0	8.6	11.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,375	555	820	9.3	7.7	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,180	555	620	8.0	7.7	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	520	575	7.4	7.2	7.6
$70,000 to $79,999	865	450	415	5.8	6.2	5.5
$80,000 to $89,999	650	375	280	4.4	5.2	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	500	290	210	3.4	4.0	2.8
$100,000 and over	2,315	1,635	675	15.6	22.6	8.9
$100,000 to $124,999	845	565	280	5.7	7.8	3.7
$125,000 and over	1,465	1,070	395	9.9	14.8	5.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,755	2,010	2,745	30.5	26.4	34.5
With employment income	10,815	5,595	5,225	69.5	73.6	65.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,775	895	880	16.4	16.0	16.8
$5,000 to $9,999	960	400	555	8.9	7.1	10.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,045	455	590	9.7	8.1	11.3
$20,000 to $29,999	655	300	360	6.1	5.4	6.9
$30,000 to $39,999	535	235	300	4.9	4.2	5.7
$40,000 to $49,999	560	240	325	5.2	4.3	6.2
$50,000 to $59,999	530	220	310	4.9	3.9	5.9
$60,000 to $69,999	505	215	285	4.7	3.8	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	475	230	245	4.4	4.1	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	520	235	285	4.8	4.2	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	400	200	200	3.7	3.6	3.8
$100,000 and over	2,850	1,960	895	26.4	35.0	17.1
$100,000 to $124,999	765	465	305	7.1	8.3	5.8
$125,000 and over	2,085	1,495	590	19.3	26.7	11.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,570	7,600	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,395	7,000	7,390	92.5	92.1	92.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400	67,000	43,200	52,400	67,000	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,400	7,005	7,395	92.5	92.2	92.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	54,800	37,200	44,000	54,800	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,730	6,740	6,995	88.2	88.7	87.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	63,600	36,000	47,600	63,600	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,780	5,565	5,215	69.2	73.2	65.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	64,000	38,800	49,200	64,000	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,545	3,965	5,580	61.3	52.2	70.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	4,160	6,500	5,520	4,160	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	740	310	430	4.8	4.1	5.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,240	4,720	9,300	6,240	4,720	9,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,570	7,600	7,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,340	6,970	7,370	92.1	91.7	92.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	87,500	112,100	64,300	87,500	112,100	64,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,345	6,970	7,370	92.1	91.7	92.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,550	77,200	46,760	61,550	77,200	46,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,680	6,680	7,000	87.9	87.9	87.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	85,900	112,300	60,600	85,900	112,300	60,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,775	5,550	5,220	69.2	73.0	65.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	84,400	105,300	62,250	84,400	105,300	62,250
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,560	3,890	5,670	61.4	51.2	71.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,430	7,990	8,720	8,430	7,990	8,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	735	315	420	4.7	4.1	5.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,180	6,200	13,200	10,180	6,200	13,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,235	2,925	2,310	33.6	38.5	29.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	89,000	105,000	77,000	89,000	105,000	77,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	133,200	158,400	101,200	133,200	158,400	101,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,905	1,845	2,065	25.1	24.3	25.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	20,600	17,000	19,000	20,600	17,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,960	50,080	34,720	41,960	50,080	34,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.6	96.0	89.6	93.6	96.0	89.6
Employment income (%)	72.4	74.8	68.6	72.4	74.8	68.6
Government transfers (%)	6.4	4.0	10.4	6.4	4.0	10.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.3	1.2	0.6	0.3	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,650	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	157,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,755	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	190,200	...	...	190,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	137,400	...	...	137,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,115	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,800	...	...	65,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	211,000	...	...	211,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	151,600	...	...	151,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	1.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	1.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	1.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	1.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	2.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...	3.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	305	...	...	4.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	315	...	...	4.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	325	...	...	4.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290	...	...	4.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,425	...	...	65.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	705	...	...	10.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	650	...	...	9.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	955	...	...	14.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,115	...	...	31.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	1.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...	2.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	2.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...	2.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	345	...	...	5.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	5.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	415	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	380	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,750	...	...	55.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	890	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	680	...	...	10.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,175	...	...	32.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	158,000	...	...	158,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	196,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,275	510	765	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,200	60,400	51,200	53,200	60,400	51,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,400	48,800	43,200	44,400	48,800	43,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	210,400	...	...	210,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	151,400	...	...	151,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,815	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	181,800	...	...	181,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	244,600	...	...	244,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	173,000	...	...	173,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...	125,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...	96,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,270	465	800	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	85,400	84,000	86,200	85,400	84,000	86,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,800	63,000	65,800	64,800	63,000	65,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,040	9,385	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,320	2,225	2,090	22.7	23.7	21.6
0 to 5 years	1,070	545	525	5.6	5.8	5.4
18 to 64 years	11,095	5,395	5,705	58.3	57.5	59.1
65 years and over	3,620	1,760	1,865	19.0	18.8	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,195	555	640	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	310	180	135	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	25	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	680	295	380	...	...	...
65 years and over	210	85	125	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.3	5.9	6.6	6.3	5.9	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	8.0	6.4	7.2	8.0	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	4.8	6.8	5.8	4.8	6.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	5.6	6.6	6.1	5.6	6.6
65 years and over (%)	5.8	4.7	6.9	5.8	4.7	6.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,040	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,320	2,230	2,095	22.7	23.8	21.7
0 to 5 years	1,065	540	525	5.6	5.8	5.4
18 to 64 years	11,100	5,395	5,700	58.3	57.5	59.0
65 years and over	3,620	1,760	1,860	19.0	18.8	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	790	370	420	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	205	120	90	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	15	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	480	215	265	...	...	...
65 years and over	110	45	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.0	4.3	4.2	4.0	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	5.3	4.3	4.8	5.3	4.3
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	2.8	4.4	3.6	2.8	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	3.9	4.6	4.3	3.9	4.6
65 years and over (%)	3.0	2.4	3.4	3.0	2.4	3.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,040	9,385	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,410	2,565	2,850	28.4	27.3	29.5
In bottom decile	1,080	505	575	5.7	5.4	6.0
In second decile	820	390	430	4.3	4.2	4.5
In third decile	1,040	495	545	5.5	5.3	5.6
In fourth decile	1,110	525	590	5.8	5.6	6.1
In fifth decile	1,355	645	710	7.1	6.9	7.4
In top half of the distribution	13,630	6,820	6,810	71.6	72.7	70.5
In sixth decile	1,555	790	765	8.2	8.4	7.9
In seventh decile	1,935	950	980	10.2	10.1	10.2
In eighth decile	2,160	1,070	1,090	11.3	11.4	11.3
In ninth decile	2,820	1,425	1,400	14.8	15.2	14.5
In top decile	5,160	2,590	2,575	27.1	27.6	26.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,040	...	...	19,040	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.410	...	...	0.410	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.470	...	...	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.346	...	...	0.346	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,105	9,400	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	4,025	1,995	2,035	21.1	21.2	21.0
French only	430	185	245	2.3	2.0	2.5
English and French	14,385	7,095	7,290	75.3	75.5	75.1
Neither English nor French	265	120	145	1.4	1.3	1.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,105	9,400	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,890	6,440	6,450	67.5	68.5	66.4
French	4,555	2,170	2,385	23.8	23.1	24.6
English and French	1,405	675	725	7.4	7.2	7.5
Neither English nor French	255	115	145	1.3	1.2	1.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,105	9,400	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,935	8,830	9,105	93.9	93.9	93.8
Official languages	13,435	6,685	6,755	70.3	71.1	69.6
English	9,390	4,740	4,645	49.1	50.4	47.8
French	4,050	1,940	2,110	21.2	20.6	21.7
Non-official languages	4,495	2,145	2,350	23.5	22.8	24.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,495	2,145	2,350	23.5	22.8	24.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	285	155	135	1.5	1.6	1.4
Berber languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	270	145	120	1.4	1.5	1.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	255	140	115	1.3	1.5	1.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	20	45	0.4	0.2	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	35	0.2	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,790	1,325	1,465	14.6	14.1	15.1
Albanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	575	250	325	3.0	2.7	3.3
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages	570	250	315	3.0	2.7	3.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Czech	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	175	70	105	0.9	0.7	1.1
Russian	180	85	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	325	155	170	1.7	1.6	1.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	240	115	125	1.3	1.2	1.3
German	225	105	120	1.2	1.1	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dutch	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swedish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	165	85	80	0.9	0.9	0.8
Indo-Iranian languages	525	275	250	2.7	2.9	2.6
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	55	0.7	0.7	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Urdu	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	400	205	195	2.1	2.2	2.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	395	205	195	2.1	2.2	2.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	375	195	185	2.0	2.1	1.9
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,160	545	620	6.1	5.8	6.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	480	235	240	2.5	2.5	2.5
Portuguese	135	55	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
Romanian	125	55	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
Spanish	425	190	230	2.2	2.0	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,060	500	555	5.5	5.3	5.7
Chinese languages	1,055	505	555	5.5	5.4	5.7
Hakka	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	930	445	485	4.9	4.7	5.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	85	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,175	565	605	6.2	6.0	6.2
English and French	680	310	365	3.6	3.3	3.8
English and non-official language(s)	250	125	120	1.3	1.3	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	115	65	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,105	9,400	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,945	4,965	4,975	52.1	52.8	51.2
French	2,315	1,110	1,210	12.1	11.8	12.5
Non-official language	1,365	670	695	7.1	7.1	7.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,365	670	695	7.1	7.1	7.2
English and French	2,695	1,320	1,370	14.1	14.0	14.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,440	700	740	7.5	7.4	7.6
French and non-official language(s)	185	85	100	1.0	0.9	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,100	515	585	5.8	5.5	6.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,105	9,400	9,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,930	8,850	9,085	93.8	94.1	93.6
Official languages	15,605	7,700	7,900	81.7	81.9	81.4
English	12,420	6,190	6,230	65.0	65.9	64.2
French	3,180	1,510	1,670	16.6	16.1	17.2
Non-official languages	2,330	1,145	1,180	12.2	12.2	12.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,330	1,145	1,180	12.2	12.2	12.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	50	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,145	570	575	6.0	6.1	5.9
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	245	120	120	1.3	1.3	1.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	245	120	120	1.3	1.3	1.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Russian	120	65	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	45	45	0.4	0.5	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	65	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.4
German	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	355	185	175	1.9	2.0	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	305	160	150	1.6	1.7	1.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	305	160	150	1.6	1.7	1.5
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	295	155	145	1.5	1.6	1.5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	430	210	220	2.3	2.2	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Spanish	255	125	125	1.3	1.3	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	905	435	470	4.7	4.6	4.8
Chinese languages	905	435	470	4.7	4.6	4.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	835	405	430	4.4	4.3	4.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,175	550	625	6.2	5.9	6.4
English and French	620	280	340	3.2	3.0	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	340	155	185	1.8	1.6	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	75	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	70	55	0.7	0.7	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,105	9,395	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,540	7,175	7,365	76.1	76.4	75.9
English	1,245	605	645	6.5	6.4	6.6
French	1,620	830	790	8.5	8.8	8.1
Non-official language	835	390	450	4.4	4.2	4.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	835	390	450	4.4	4.2	4.6
English and French	280	130	150	1.5	1.4	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	120	65	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	370	170	205	1.9	1.8	2.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,035	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,745	9,235	9,510	98.5	98.5	98.4
English	18,365	9,070	9,295	96.5	96.7	96.2
French	14,815	7,210	7,605	77.8	76.9	78.7
Non-official languages	6,865	3,245	3,615	36.1	34.6	37.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,865	3,245	3,615	36.1	34.6	37.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	610	355	250	3.2	3.8	2.6
Berber languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kabyle	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	580	340	235	3.0	3.6	2.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	515	310	205	2.7	3.3	2.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	80	25	60	0.4	0.3	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	15	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,750	2,210	2,535	25.0	23.6	26.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	665	315	355	3.5	3.4	3.7
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	655	310	350	3.4	3.3	3.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	170	70	100	0.9	0.7	1.0
Russian	335	185	150	1.8	2.0	1.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	105	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Serbian	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	730	335	395	3.8	3.6	4.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	515	230	290	2.7	2.5	3.0
German	505	225	275	2.7	2.4	2.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	165	100	65	0.9	1.1	0.7
Afrikaans	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Dutch	135	70	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	130	60	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
Danish	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	280	135	145	1.5	1.4	1.5
Indo-Iranian languages	740	385	360	3.9	4.1	3.7
Indo-Aryan languages	240	135	105	1.3	1.4	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindi	145	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Urdu	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	500	250	255	2.6	2.7	2.6
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	500	250	255	2.6	2.7	2.6
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	435	225	210	2.3	2.4	2.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	65	25	45	0.3	0.3	0.5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,590	1,180	1,410	13.6	12.6	14.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	995	480	520	5.2	5.1	5.4
Portuguese	240	95	145	1.3	1.0	1.5
Romanian	165	90	75	0.9	1.0	0.8
Spanish	1,475	645	830	7.7	6.9	8.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	90	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ga	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,160	545	615	6.1	5.8	6.4
Chinese languages	1,160	545	615	6.1	5.8	6.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,080	510	570	5.7	5.4	5.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	140	65	80	0.7	0.7	0.8
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	140	65	80	0.7	0.7	0.8
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	90	35	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	35	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,035	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	110	40	70	0.6	0.4	0.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	85	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	55	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Métis	30	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	18,930	9,345	9,580	99.4	99.6	99.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,035	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,025	9,380	9,645	99.9	100.0	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,050	...	...	89.6	...	...
Renter	700	...	...	10.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	335	...	...	5.0	...	...
Not condominium	6,415	...	...	95.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	625	...	...	9.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,755	...	...	26.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,250	...	...	63.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	475	...	...	7.0	...	...
5 rooms	440	...	...	6.5	...	...
6 rooms	515	...	...	7.6	...	...
7 rooms	850	...	...	12.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,470	...	...	66.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.5	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,715	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,675	...	...	98.9	...	...
Not suitable	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,035	...	...	30.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,310	...	...	49.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	655	...	...	9.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	285	...	...	4.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	150	...	...	2.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	115	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,360	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	395	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,025	...	...	44.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,585	...	...	53.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	245	...	...	3.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,090	...	...	16.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,555	...	...	23.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,685	...	...	25.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,175	...	...	17.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	770	...	...	11.4	...	...
85 years and over	205	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,785	...	...	85.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	960	...	...	14.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	765	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,335	...	...	19.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	880	...	...	13.0	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	320	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,415	...	...	80.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	160	...	...	2.4	...	...
Not in core need	6,390	...	...	97.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,055	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.3	...	...	54.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.2	...	...	12.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...	1,480	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,772	...	...	1,772	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	923,000	...	...	923,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	705	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.7	...	...	31.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.2	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,548	...	...	1,548	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,040	9,380	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	200	80	120	1.1	0.9	1.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	195	80	115	1.0	0.9	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	60	90	0.8	0.6	0.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	18,810	9,285	9,530	98.8	99.0	98.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,040	9,380	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,380	8,545	8,840	91.3	91.1	91.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,010	2,075	1,935	21.1	22.1	20.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,370	6,470	6,900	70.2	69.0	71.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,655	835	820	8.7	8.9	8.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,040	9,380	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,865	6,795	7,075	72.8	72.4	73.3
Immigrants⁸¹	4,645	2,320	2,320	24.4	24.7	24.0
Before 1980	1,285	660	625	6.7	7.0	6.5
1980 to 1990	465	245	220	2.4	2.6	2.3
1991 to 2000	680	335	350	3.6	3.6	3.6
2001 to 2010	955	450	505	5.0	4.8	5.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,255	635	620	6.6	6.8	6.4
2011 to 2015	640	305	330	3.4	3.3	3.4
2016 to 2021	620	330	290	3.3	3.5	3.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	525	260	265	2.8	2.8	2.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,645	2,325	2,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	360	180	185	7.8	7.7	8.0
5 to 14 years	885	475	415	19.1	20.4	17.9
15 to 24 years	650	300	345	14.0	12.9	14.9
25 to 44 years	2,260	1,105	1,150	48.7	47.5	49.6
45 years and over	490	265	225	10.5	11.4	9.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,645	2,325	2,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	690	305	385	14.9	13.1	16.6
Brazil	60	30	30	1.3	1.3	1.3
Colombia	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.9
El Salvador	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Guyana	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Haiti	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Jamaica	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.9
Mexico	105	50	55	2.3	2.2	2.4
Peru	35	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.9
Trinidad and Tobago	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.9
United States of America	165	80	90	3.6	3.4	3.9
Other places of birth in Americas	180	80	95	3.9	3.4	4.1
Europe	1,640	825	815	35.3	35.5	35.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
France	155	85	75	3.3	3.7	3.2
Germany	125	45	80	2.7	1.9	3.4
Greece	40	30	10	0.9	1.3	0.4
Hungary	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Italy	160	100	55	3.4	4.3	2.4
Netherlands	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.9
Poland	90	40	50	1.9	1.7	2.2
Portugal	40	25	20	0.9	1.1	0.9
Romania	110	55	50	2.4	2.4	2.2
Russian Federation	125	70	50	2.7	3.0	2.2
Serbia⁸⁶	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.9
Ukraine	40	20	25	0.9	0.9	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	395	195	200	8.5	8.4	8.6
Other places of birth in Europe	255	120	130	5.5	5.2	5.6
Africa	460	265	195	9.9	11.4	8.4
Algeria	55	30	20	1.2	1.3	0.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	175	110	65	3.8	4.7	2.8
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	15	15	0.8	0.6	0.6
Nigeria	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	45	35	15	1.0	1.5	0.6
Other places of birth in Africa	130	60	70	2.8	2.6	3.0
Asia	1,840	925	915	39.6	39.8	39.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	385	180	210	8.3	7.7	9.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	120	85	35	2.6	3.7	1.5
Syria⁸⁹	60	35	25	1.3	1.5	1.1
Turkey	40	15	25	0.9	0.6	1.1
China⁹⁰	735	365	375	15.8	15.7	16.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	50	25	20	1.1	1.1	0.9
Taiwan	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Philippines	55	25	30	1.2	1.1	1.3
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	165	95	70	3.6	4.1	3.0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	25	20	10	0.5	0.9	0.4
Other places of birth in Asia	140	55	85	3.0	2.4	3.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	615	325	285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	20	15	4.9	6.2	5.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	10	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	10	2.4	0.0	3.5
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	45	50	14.6	13.8	17.5
France	35	20	15	5.7	6.2	5.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	2.4	0.0	3.5
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	25	5.7	3.1	8.8
Africa	30	20	10	4.9	6.2	3.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	2.4	4.6	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	460	245	210	74.8	75.4	73.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	285	155	135	46.3	47.7	47.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	4.1	3.1	5.3
Iran⁸⁸	65	35	30	10.6	10.8	10.5
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	15	0	3.3	4.6	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,035	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,565	2,800	2,760	29.2	29.9	28.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,490	2,160	2,335	23.6	23.0	24.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,985	4,425	4,560	47.2	47.2	47.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,360	1,665	1,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,380	1,220	1,155	70.8	73.3	68.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,035	680	360	30.8	40.8	21.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,340	545	795	39.9	32.7	46.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	760	320	435	22.6	19.2	25.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	205	115	90	6.1	6.9	5.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	10	10	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,360	1,665	1,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	130	80	55	3.9	4.8	3.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	425	240	180	12.6	14.4	10.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	160	80	80	4.8	4.8	4.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	205	115	95	6.1	6.9	5.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	35	15	20	1.0	0.9	1.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,405	1,140	1,270	71.6	68.5	74.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,035	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,745	1,810	1,935	19.7	19.3	20.0
South Asian	470	245	225	2.5	2.6	2.3
Chinese	1,275	600	680	6.7	6.4	7.0
Black	325	135	190	1.7	1.4	2.0
Filipino	105	60	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Arab	340	205	135	1.8	2.2	1.4
Latin American	350	165	185	1.8	1.8	1.9
Southeast Asian	115	45	75	0.6	0.5	0.8
West Asian	425	215	210	2.2	2.3	2.2
Korean	90	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Japanese	40	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Multiple visible minorities	155	65	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	15,290	7,570	7,725	80.3	80.7	80.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,035	9,385	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,285	1,125	1,165	12.0	12.0	12.1
English	2,650	1,340	1,315	13.9	14.3	13.6
Irish	3,220	1,570	1,650	16.9	16.7	17.1
Scottish	2,630	1,250	1,380	13.8	13.3	14.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,545	1,735	1,810	18.6	18.5	18.7
German	1,080	505	570	5.7	5.4	5.9
Chinese	1,175	535	640	6.2	5.7	6.6
Italian	2,095	1,060	1,035	11.0	11.3	10.7
Indian (India)	385	200	185	2.0	2.1	1.9
Ukrainian	495	220	270	2.6	2.3	2.8
Dutch	415	215	195	2.2	2.3	2.0
Polish	630	325	300	3.3	3.5	3.1
Québécois	585	295	295	3.1	3.1	3.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	820	450	370	4.3	4.8	3.8
Filipino	145	85	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
French Canadian	845	410	435	4.4	4.4	4.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	285	135	150	1.5	1.4	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	55	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Métis	60	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	440	235	210	2.3	2.5	2.2
Russian	500	280	215	2.6	3.0	2.2
Norwegian	105	30	75	0.6	0.3	0.8
Welsh	250	115	135	1.3	1.2	1.4
Portuguese	240	120	125	1.3	1.3	1.3
American	295	145	155	1.5	1.5	1.6
Spanish	315	150	165	1.7	1.6	1.7
Swedish	80	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Hungarian	280	135	145	1.5	1.4	1.5
Acadian	140	55	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jewish	345	200	140	1.8	2.1	1.5
Punjabi	70	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	250	150	100	1.3	1.6	1.0
Greek	585	290	300	3.1	3.1	3.1
Jamaican	55	10	45	0.3	0.1	0.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	95	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	240	120	120	1.3	1.3	1.2
Lebanese	460	250	205	2.4	2.7	2.1
Iranian	365	175	185	1.9	1.9	1.9
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	125	60	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
Danish	105	45	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	155	80	80	0.8	0.9	0.8
Belgian	195	90	105	1.0	1.0	1.1
Haitian	75	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hindu	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexican	160	85	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	205	120	85	1.1	1.3	0.9
Finnish	85	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Sri Lankan	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Croatian	145	70	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Japanese	75	15	55	0.4	0.2	0.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Egyptian	270	155	120	1.4	1.7	1.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Colombian	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Moroccan	75	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Czech	85	50	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Syrian	135	65	75	0.7	0.7	0.8
Guyanese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbian	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	155	80	80	0.8	0.9	0.8
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Turkish	175	90	85	0.9	1.0	0.9
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Brazilian	80	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Nigerian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	125	85	40	0.7	0.9	0.4
Slovak	105	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Salvadorean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
African Caribbean	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lithuanian	105	50	50	0.6	0.5	0.5
South African	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Australian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Palestinian	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chilean	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Peruvian	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Yoruba	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Maltese	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cuban	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Argentinian	105	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Estonian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	55	50	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Thai	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Dominican	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,035	9,380	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	120	40	75	0.6	0.4	0.8
Christian	11,285	5,420	5,865	59.3	57.8	60.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	820	380	445	4.3	4.1	4.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	685	355	330	3.6	3.8	3.4
Baptist	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	7,330	3,490	3,835	38.5	37.2	39.7
Christian Orthodox	925	490	435	4.9	5.2	4.5
Jehovah's Witness	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	115	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	155	80	75	0.8	0.9	0.8
Reformed	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Church	515	180	335	2.7	1.9	3.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	585	310	275	3.1	3.3	2.8
Hindu	175	100	80	0.9	1.1	0.8
Jewish	340	170	170	1.8	1.8	1.8
Muslim	695	365	330	3.7	3.9	3.4
Sikh	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
No religion and secular perspectives	6,225	3,200	3,030	32.7	34.1	31.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,950	9,330	9,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,605	8,650	8,955	92.9	92.7	93.1
Movers	1,345	680	665	7.1	7.3	6.9
Non-migrants	520	270	255	2.7	2.9	2.7
Migrants	820	415	410	4.3	4.4	4.3
Internal migrants	655	325	330	3.5	3.5	3.4
Intraprovincial migrants	600	290	310	3.2	3.1	3.2
Interprovincial migrants	60	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
External migrants	170	85	85	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,240	8,980	9,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,130	6,385	6,735	72.0	71.1	72.7
Movers	5,110	2,590	2,520	28.0	28.8	27.2
Non-migrants	830	405	430	4.6	4.5	4.6
Migrants	4,280	2,190	2,090	23.5	24.4	22.6
Internal migrants	3,300	1,715	1,590	18.1	19.1	17.2
Intraprovincial migrants	3,050	1,570	1,480	16.7	17.5	16.0
Interprovincial migrants	255	145	110	1.4	1.6	1.2
External migrants	975	475	500	5.3	5.3	5.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,180	665	510	7.6	8.7	6.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,390	6,935	7,455	92.4	91.2	93.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,260	4,445	4,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	205	135	65	2.2	3.0	1.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,060	4,305	4,755	97.8	96.9	98.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,570	7,605	7,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,100	615	485	7.1	8.1	6.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,485	1,225	1,260	16.0	16.1	15.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,985	5,760	6,225	77.0	75.7	78.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,070	1,940	2,130	26.1	25.5	26.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	525	300	225	3.4	3.9	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	365	165	200	2.3	2.2	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	160	135	30	1.0	1.8	0.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,945	1,355	1,590	18.9	17.8	19.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	605	290	315	3.9	3.8	4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,915	3,820	4,090	50.8	50.2	51.3
Bachelor's degree	4,715	2,295	2,420	30.3	30.2	30.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	630	230	400	4.0	3.0	5.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	150	115	1.7	2.0	1.4
Master's degree	1,885	880	1,005	12.1	11.6	12.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	410	265	145	2.6	3.5	1.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,265	4,445	4,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	170	105	65	1.8	2.4	1.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	930	470	465	10.0	10.6	9.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,165	3,875	4,290	88.1	87.2	89.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,295	1,210	1,085	24.8	27.2	22.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	360	215	150	3.9	4.8	3.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260	125	130	2.8	2.8	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	105	90	15	1.1	2.0	0.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,580	805	775	17.1	18.1	16.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	195	160	3.8	4.4	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,870	2,665	3,205	63.4	60.0	66.6
Bachelor's degree	3,565	1,680	1,880	38.5	37.8	39.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	445	145	300	4.8	3.3	6.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	85	95	1.9	1.9	2.0
Master's degree	1,420	610	815	15.3	13.7	16.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	255	145	115	2.8	3.3	2.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,590	1,840	1,740	23.1	24.2	21.8
Education	735	125	615	4.7	1.6	7.7
13. Education	735	125	615	4.7	1.6	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	345	140	210	2.2	1.8	2.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	330	120	210	2.1	1.6	2.6
Humanities	830	250	580	5.3	3.3	7.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	205	35	170	1.3	0.5	2.1
23. English language and literature/letters	145	45	100	0.9	0.6	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	255	95	165	1.6	1.2	2.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
54. History	90	40	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	60	10	50	0.4	0.1	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,895	790	1,110	12.2	10.4	13.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	60	105	1.1	0.8	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	25	130	1.0	0.3	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	250	130	115	1.6	1.7	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
42. Psychology	285	55	235	1.8	0.7	3.0
45. Social sciences	980	495	485	6.3	6.5	6.1
Business, management and public administration	3,270	1,665	1,605	21.0	21.9	20.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	20	65	0.5	0.3	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,190	1,645	1,540	20.5	21.6	19.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,080	565	520	6.9	7.4	6.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	380	150	230	2.4	2.0	2.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	395	220	180	2.5	2.9	2.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
40. Physical sciences	245	170	75	1.6	2.2	0.9
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	590	350	235	3.8	4.6	3.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	410	275	130	2.6	3.6	1.6
25. Library science	50	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	65	45	0.7	0.9	0.6
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,705	1,385	320	11.0	18.2	4.0
04. Architecture and related services	90	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
14. Engineering	1,170	925	245	7.5	12.2	3.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	195	175	20	1.3	2.3	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	80	80	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	135	10	0.9	1.8	0.1
48. Precision production	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	45	60	0.7	0.6	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Health and related fields	1,140	295	845	7.3	3.9	10.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	945	200	745	6.1	2.6	9.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	105	65	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	230	125	105	1.5	1.6	1.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125	35	90	0.8	0.5	1.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	65	10	0.5	0.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,260	4,440	4,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,100	570	525	11.9	12.8	10.9
Education	460	75	385	5.0	1.7	8.0
13. Education	460	75	385	5.0	1.7	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	255	105	155	2.8	2.4	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	245	95	155	2.6	2.1	3.2
Humanities	510	150	360	5.5	3.4	7.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	135	15	120	1.5	0.3	2.5
23. English language and literature/letters	100	30	65	1.1	0.7	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	55	75	1.4	1.2	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
54. History	70	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,335	525	810	14.4	11.8	16.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	50	90	1.5	1.1	1.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	15	105	1.3	0.3	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	205	100	105	2.2	2.3	2.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
42. Psychology	205	30	175	2.2	0.7	3.6
45. Social sciences	610	315	300	6.6	7.1	6.2
Business, management and public administration	2,395	1,140	1,260	25.9	25.7	26.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	55	0.7	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,335	1,125	1,205	25.2	25.3	25.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	535	255	270	5.8	5.7	5.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	95	150	2.6	2.1	3.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	80	60	1.5	1.8	1.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	130	75	55	1.4	1.7	1.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	485	295	185	5.2	6.6	3.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	375	250	120	4.0	5.6	2.5
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,280	1,000	280	13.8	22.5	5.8
04. Architecture and related services	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
14. Engineering	900	675	225	9.7	15.2	4.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	115	100	15	1.2	2.3	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	0.6	1.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	105	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
48. Precision production	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	40	60	1.1	0.9	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	30	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Health and related fields	630	185	450	6.8	4.2	9.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	20	40	0.7	0.5	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	495	120	380	5.3	2.7	7.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	75	40	30	0.8	0.9	0.6
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	105	70	1.9	2.4	1.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	95	30	60	1.0	0.7	1.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	10	0.7	1.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,260	4,440	4,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,100	570	525	11.9	12.8	10.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,160	3,870	4,290	88.1	87.2	89.0
Location of study inside Canada	6,270	2,930	3,345	67.7	66.0	69.4
Same as province or territory of residence	5,490	2,560	2,925	59.3	57.7	60.7
Different than province or territory of residence	780	370	415	8.4	8.3	8.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,890	945	950	20.4	21.3	19.7
Americas	395	190	205	4.3	4.3	4.3
United States of America	205	125	85	2.2	2.8	1.8
Mexico	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	50	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Colombia	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	65	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.8
Europe	700	355	340	7.6	8.0	7.1
Belgium	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
France	155	75	75	1.7	1.7	1.6
Germany	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Romania	50	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Russian Federation	65	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
Ukraine	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	210	110	95	2.3	2.5	2.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Europe	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
Africa	85	55	30	0.9	1.2	0.6
Nigeria	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Asia	685	335	350	7.4	7.5	7.3
Iran⁸⁸	125	65	65	1.3	1.5	1.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lebanon	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Turkey	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
China⁹⁰	345	170	175	3.7	3.8	3.6
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Philippines	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Oceania	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australia	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,570	7,605	7,970	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,915	5,130	4,785	...	...	...
Employed	9,205	4,795	4,410	...	...	...
Unemployed	710	335	380	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,650	2,475	3,175	...	...	...
Participation rate	63.7	67.5	60.0	63.7	67.5	60.0
Employment rate	59.1	63.1	55.3	59.1	63.1	55.3
Unemployment rate	7.2	6.5	7.9	7.2	6.5	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,570	7,605	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,530	2,370	3,160	35.5	31.2	39.7
Worked	10,040	5,235	4,805	64.5	68.8	60.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,430	3,035	2,395	34.9	39.9	30.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,610	2,200	2,410	29.6	28.9	30.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	42.0	40.2	41.2	42.0	40.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,915	5,130	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	85	120	2.1	1.7	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,715	5,045	4,665	98.0	98.3	97.4
Employee	7,865	3,835	4,030	79.3	74.8	84.1
Permanent position	6,460	3,225	3,230	65.2	62.9	67.4
Temporary position	1,405	610	795	14.2	11.9	16.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	455	160	290	4.6	3.1	6.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	950	450	500	9.6	8.8	10.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,855	1,210	640	18.7	23.6	13.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,915	5,130	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	85	120	2.1	1.7	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,715	5,045	4,665	98.0	98.3	97.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	525	370	155	5.3	7.2	3.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,360	895	1,465	23.8	17.4	30.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,340	1,020	325	13.5	19.9	6.8
3 Health occupations	655	230	425	6.6	4.5	8.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,290	425	865	13.0	8.3	18.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	410	110	305	4.1	2.1	6.4
6 Sales and service occupations	2,090	1,090	1,000	21.1	21.2	20.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	800	715	80	8.1	13.9	1.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	70	50	20	0.7	1.0	0.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	175	135	40	1.8	2.6	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,915	5,130	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	205	85	120	2.1	1.7	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	9,715	5,045	4,665	98.0	98.3	97.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
22 Utilities	50	40	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
23 Construction	345	295	45	3.5	5.8	0.9
31-33 Manufacturing	940	660	285	9.5	12.9	5.9
41 Wholesale trade	795	435	355	8.0	8.5	7.4
44-45 Retail trade	965	455	505	9.7	8.9	10.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	615	430	190	6.2	8.4	4.0
51 Information and cultural industries	240	120	120	2.4	2.3	2.5
52 Finance and insurance	525	290	230	5.3	5.7	4.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	295	185	110	3.0	3.6	2.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,540	900	640	15.5	17.5	13.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	165	110	2.8	3.2	2.3
61 Educational services	955	275	675	9.6	5.4	14.1
62 Health care and social assistance	945	255	695	9.5	5.0	14.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	180	90	85	1.8	1.8	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	385	175	215	3.9	3.4	4.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	310	110	200	3.1	2.1	4.2
91 Public administration	270	125	150	2.7	2.4	3.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,670	5,535	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,445	1,895	1,550	32.3	34.2	30.2
French	1,020	505	515	9.6	9.1	10.0
Non-official language	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and French	5,775	2,915	2,870	54.1	52.7	55.9
English and non-official language(s)	110	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	260	150	105	2.4	2.7	2.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,670	5,535	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,355	4,890	4,465	87.7	88.3	87.0
Official languages	9,285	4,860	4,420	87.0	87.8	86.2
English	6,805	3,575	3,230	63.8	64.6	63.0
French	2,475	1,280	1,190	23.2	23.1	23.2
Non-official languages	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Chinese languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,310	650	665	12.3	11.7	13.0
English and French	1,230	590	640	11.5	10.7	12.5
English and non-official language(s)	55	50	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,670	5,535	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,720	2,995	2,725	53.6	54.1	53.1
English	1,450	760	695	13.6	13.7	13.5
French	3,210	1,625	1,580	30.1	29.4	30.8
Non-official language	115	60	55	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	115	60	55	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	25	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	120	55	60	1.1	1.0	1.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,205	4,800	4,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,930	2,010	1,920	42.7	41.9	43.5
Worked outside Canada	20	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
No fixed workplace address	580	430	155	6.3	9.0	3.5
Usual place of work	4,670	2,345	2,325	50.7	48.9	52.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,670	2,345	2,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	850	365	485	18.2	15.6	20.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,390	1,715	1,670	72.6	73.1	71.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	380	230	150	8.1	9.8	6.5
Commute to a different province or territory	45	35	10	1.0	1.5	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,250	2,770	2,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,410	2,385	2,030	84.0	86.1	82.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,040	2,240	1,800	77.0	80.9	72.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	370	140	225	7.0	5.1	9.1
Public transit	405	185	215	7.7	6.7	8.7
Walked	210	70	145	4.0	2.5	5.9
Bicycle	60	55	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
Other method	165	80	85	3.1	2.9	3.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,250	2,770	2,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,555	670	885	29.6	24.2	35.8
15 to 29 minutes	1,910	1,085	820	36.4	39.2	33.1
30 to 44 minutes	1,040	605	430	19.8	21.8	17.4
45 to 59 minutes	395	215	180	7.5	7.8	7.3
60 minutes and over	350	190	160	6.7	6.9	6.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,250	2,770	2,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	200	160	35	3.8	5.8	1.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	555	345	210	10.6	12.5	8.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,505	805	700	28.7	29.1	28.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,455	700	755	27.7	25.3	30.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	885	415	470	16.9	15.0	19.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	650	345	305	12.4	12.5	12.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,440	2,290	2,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,930	1,530	1,400	66.0	66.8	65.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,510	760	750	34.0	33.2	34.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,515	1,815	1,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,350	1,230	1,120	66.9	67.8	66.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,925	1,020	905	54.8	56.2	53.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	425	210	215	12.1	11.6	12.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,165	590	575	33.1	32.5	33.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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