Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	AvalonMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	81,735	40,030	41,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11,880	6,035	5,845	14.5	15.1	14.0
0 to 4 years	3,250	1,650	1,600	4.0	4.1	3.8
5 to 9 years	4,035	2,055	1,980	4.9	5.1	4.7
10 to 14 years	4,595	2,330	2,265	5.6	5.8	5.4
15 to 64 years	51,680	25,400	26,280	63.2	63.5	63.0
15 to 19 years	4,420	2,270	2,150	5.4	5.7	5.2
20 to 24 years	3,705	1,935	1,765	4.5	4.8	4.2
25 to 29 years	3,580	1,775	1,805	4.4	4.4	4.3
30 to 34 years	4,315	2,100	2,215	5.3	5.2	5.3
35 to 39 years	4,845	2,310	2,535	5.9	5.8	6.1
40 to 44 years	5,300	2,515	2,780	6.5	6.3	6.7
45 to 49 years	5,735	2,830	2,910	7.0	7.1	7.0
50 to 54 years	6,205	3,035	3,175	7.6	7.6	7.6
55 to 59 years	6,845	3,350	3,490	8.4	8.4	8.4
60 to 64 years	6,730	3,280	3,460	8.2	8.2	8.3
65 years and over	18,180	8,595	9,585	22.2	21.5	23.0
65 to 69 years	6,290	3,050	3,240	7.7	7.6	7.8
70 to 74 years	5,525	2,650	2,875	6.8	6.6	6.9
75 to 79 years	3,350	1,600	1,750	4.1	4.0	4.2
80 to 84 years	1,755	820	940	2.1	2.0	2.3
85 years and over	1,260	485	775	1.5	1.2	1.9
85 to 89 years	840	370	470	1.0	0.9	1.1
90 to 94 years	330	100	230	0.4	0.2	0.6
95 to 99 years	75	15	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.1	14.0	14.5	15.1	14.0
15 to 64 years	63.2	63.5	63.0	63.2	63.5	63.0
65 years and over	22.2	21.5	23.0	22.2	21.5	23.0
85 years and over	1.5	1.2	1.9	1.5	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	44.7	44.1	45.3	44.7	44.1	45.3
Median age of the population	47.6	46.8	48.0	47.6	46.8	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	34,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	28,690	...	...	83.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	705	...	...	2.1	...	...
Row house	535	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,435	...	...	10.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	560	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	225	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	34,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	8,440	...	...	24.7	...	...
2 persons	13,565	...	...	39.7	...	...
3 persons	5,700	...	...	16.7	...	...
4 persons	4,900	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	1,600	...	...	4.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	80,780	39,620	41,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	69,860	33,995	35,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	43,520	21,735	21,785	62.3	63.9	60.8
Married	36,120	18,045	18,075	51.7	53.1	50.4
Living common-law	7,400	3,690	3,710	10.6	10.9	10.3
Living common law - Never married	5,390	2,690	2,695	7.7	7.9	7.5
Living common law - Separated	230	115	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,555	785	770	2.2	2.3	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	230	90	135	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	26,340	12,265	14,075	37.7	36.1	39.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	16,405	8,885	7,520	23.5	26.1	21.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,535	680	860	2.2	2.0	2.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,675	1,575	2,095	5.3	4.6	5.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	4,720	1,120	3,595	6.8	3.3	10.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	25,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	14,165	...	...	55.6	...	...
3 persons	5,650	...	...	22.2	...	...
4 persons	4,615	...	...	18.1	...	...
5 or more persons	1,065	...	...	4.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	25,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	21,550	...	...	84.5	...	...
Married couples	17,850	...	...	70.0	...	...
With children⁶	8,320	...	...	32.6	...	...
Without children	9,535	...	...	37.4	...	...
Common-law couples	3,700	...	...	14.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,610	...	...	6.3	...	...
Without children	2,085	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,945	...	...	15.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,070	...	...	12.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	875	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	80,785	39,620	41,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	69,280	34,330	34,955	85.8	86.6	84.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	43,100	21,530	21,570	53.4	54.3	52.4
Parents in one-parent families	3,945	880	3,065	4.9	2.2	7.4
Children⁶	22,235	11,920	10,315	27.5	30.1	25.1
In a two-parent family	16,540	8,865	7,675	20.5	22.4	18.6
In a one-parent family	5,695	3,055	2,645	7.0	7.7	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,500	5,295	6,210	14.2	13.4	15.1
Living alone	8,440	3,875	4,565	10.4	9.8	11.1
Living with other relatives⁷	1,525	625	905	1.9	1.6	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	1,530	790	740	1.9	2.0	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	34,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	23,290	...	...	68.1	...	...
Couple-family households	20,115	...	...	58.8	...	...
With children⁶	9,260	...	...	27.1	...	...
Without children	10,855	...	...	31.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,175	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	830	...	...	2.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	110	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	745	...	...	2.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	790	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	8,445	...	...	24.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	68,910	33,590	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	66,675	32,545	34,125	96.8	96.9	96.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,800	34,000	38,800	44,800	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	66,690	32,550	34,135	96.8	96.9	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,200	30,800	34,800	39,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55,430	28,055	27,375	80.4	83.5	77.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	39,200	28,200	32,800	39,200	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45,415	23,290	22,125	65.9	69.3	62.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	42,000	30,000	35,200	42,000	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	54,605	25,055	29,555	79.2	74.6	83.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,000	15,300	12,800	14,000	15,300	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,485	8,420	6,065	21.0	25.1	17.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	10,100	6,750	8,500	10,100	6,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,995	8,480	8,515	24.7	25.2	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	68,875	33,555	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	66,580	32,475	34,100	96.7	96.8	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,560	57,550	41,920	49,560	57,550	41,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	66,595	32,485	34,110	96.7	96.8	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,920	46,360	35,760	40,920	46,360	35,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55,330	27,970	27,365	80.3	83.4	77.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,920	53,500	38,200	45,920	53,500	38,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45,445	23,265	22,180	66.0	69.3	62.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,840	54,350	38,960	46,840	54,350	38,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	54,585	25,040	29,540	79.3	74.6	83.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,860	14,900	13,000	13,860	14,900	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,395	8,305	6,090	20.9	24.8	17.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,150	11,160	8,790	10,150	11,160	8,790
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,840	8,400	8,440	24.5	25.0	23.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,480	8,380	8,590	8,480	8,380	8,590
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	68,875	33,555	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	20,045	9,885	10,160	29.1	29.5	28.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	71,000	55,600	62,800	71,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,500	83,100	62,150	72,500	83,100	62,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	19,375	10,275	9,105	28.1	30.6	25.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	22,200	14,500	18,000	22,200	14,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,920	37,560	21,320	29,920	37,560	21,320
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.0	80.0	73.2	77.0	80.0	73.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.6	67.6	60.5	64.6	67.6	60.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.0	20.0	26.9	23.0	20.0	26.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.4	5.0	3.7	4.4	5.0	3.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	4.2	6.1	5.1	4.2	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.8	5.1	4.3	3.8	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	68,910	33,590	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	2,235	1,045	1,190	3.2	3.1	3.4
With total income	66,675	32,545	34,125	96.8	96.9	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,135	2,025	3,110	7.7	6.2	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	8,575	3,235	5,340	12.9	9.9	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	11,595	5,100	6,490	17.4	15.7	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	9,075	4,055	5,020	13.6	12.5	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	7,970	3,710	4,255	11.9	11.4	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,940	3,020	2,920	8.9	9.3	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	4,395	2,405	1,990	6.6	7.4	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	3,275	1,965	1,310	4.9	6.0	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	2,510	1,445	1,070	3.8	4.4	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	2,155	1,135	1,020	3.2	3.5	3.0
$100,000 and over	6,055	4,445	1,605	9.1	13.7	4.7
$100,000 to $149,999	4,115	2,875	1,240	6.2	8.8	3.6
$150,000 and over	1,940	1,570	365	2.9	4.8	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	68,910	33,590	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	2,215	1,035	1,180	3.2	3.1	3.4
With after-tax income	66,690	32,550	34,135	96.8	96.9	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,390	2,085	3,305	8.1	6.4	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	8,940	3,410	5,530	13.4	10.5	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	13,800	6,140	7,655	20.7	18.9	22.4
$30,000 to $39,999	10,830	4,990	5,840	16.2	15.3	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	8,965	4,485	4,480	13.4	13.8	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	6,105	3,395	2,720	9.2	10.4	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	4,000	2,305	1,695	6.0	7.1	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,100	1,685	1,420	4.7	5.2	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	1,815	1,170	640	2.7	3.6	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	1,080	785	305	1.6	2.4	0.9
$100,000 and over	2,655	2,110	545	4.0	6.5	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	1,370	1,075	300	2.1	3.3	0.9
$125,000 and over	1,285	1,035	250	1.9	3.2	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	68,910	33,590	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	23,495	10,300	13,190	34.1	30.7	37.3
With employment income	45,415	23,290	22,125	65.9	69.3	62.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,695	3,180	3,520	14.8	13.7	15.9
$5,000 to $9,999	3,660	1,590	2,070	8.0	6.8	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	5,650	2,630	3,020	12.4	11.3	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	4,540	2,105	2,435	10.0	9.0	11.0
$30,000 to $39,999	4,065	1,810	2,255	8.9	7.8	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,865	1,790	2,075	8.5	7.7	9.4
$50,000 to $59,999	3,350	1,685	1,665	7.4	7.2	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,760	1,545	1,220	6.1	6.6	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,190	1,260	935	4.8	5.4	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	1,935	1,105	830	4.3	4.8	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,830	925	905	4.0	4.0	4.1
$100,000 and over	4,875	3,670	1,200	10.7	15.8	5.4
$100,000 to $124,999	2,255	1,515	740	5.0	6.5	3.3
$125,000 and over	2,620	2,155	460	5.8	9.3	2.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	68,910	33,590	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,435	31,945	33,490	95.0	95.1	94.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,800	31,200	38,000	46,800	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,510	31,950	33,560	95.1	95.1	95.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,400	28,400	34,000	40,400	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	55,110	27,890	27,225	80.0	83.0	77.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	44,400	29,200	35,600	44,400	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,010	23,620	22,390	66.8	70.3	63.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	48,000	30,600	38,400	48,000	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,320	22,100	27,220	71.6	65.8	77.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	12,700	9,700	11,000	12,700	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	13,795	8,010	5,785	20.0	23.8	16.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,900	9,700	8,000	8,900	9,700	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	68,875	33,555	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65,390	31,875	33,515	94.9	95.0	94.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,640	59,450	40,360	49,640	59,450	40,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	65,460	31,885	33,570	95.0	95.0	95.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,440	47,000	34,160	40,440	47,000	34,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	55,145	27,905	27,240	80.1	83.2	77.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,720	58,150	39,040	48,720	58,150	39,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,155	23,615	22,540	67.0	70.4	63.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,240	59,950	40,000	50,240	59,950	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	49,430	22,145	27,290	71.8	66.0	77.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,350	12,270	10,610	11,350	12,270	10,610
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,900	7,990	5,905	20.2	23.8	16.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,260	10,700	9,670	10,260	10,700	9,670
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	68,875	33,555	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	19,960	9,850	10,105	29.0	29.4	28.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	71,500	53,200	61,600	71,500	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,400	82,600	60,550	71,400	82,600	60,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	18,095	9,660	8,440	26.3	28.8	23.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	32,800	17,600	24,200	32,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,360	50,600	26,560	39,360	50,600	26,560
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.8	85.6	78.6	82.8	85.6	78.6
Employment income (%)	71.4	74.8	66.6	71.4	74.8	66.6
Government transfers (%)	17.3	14.4	21.4	17.3	14.4	21.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.4	4.5	4.2	4.4	4.5	4.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	34,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	8,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,000	...	...	31,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	25,765	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	34,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,600	...	...	96,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,800	...	...	79,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,720	...	...	44,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,960	...	...	37,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	25,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...	113,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,500	...	...	93,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	34,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	210	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	470	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	495	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,895	...	...	5.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,225	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,475	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,625	...	...	4.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,395	...	...	4.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,330	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,460	...	...	7.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,305	...	...	6.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,300	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,050	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,885	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,945	...	...	37.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,850	...	...	11.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,845	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,510	...	...	10.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,735	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	34,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	220	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	475	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	520	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,015	...	...	5.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,445	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,680	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,815	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,685	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,535	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,985	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,835	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,725	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,385	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,070	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,665	...	...	28.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,885	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,570	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,210	...	...	9.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	25,235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	10,905	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	10,105	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,640	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	9,970	4,665	5,305	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	38,000	30,600	34,000	38,000	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	34,000	28,800	31,000	34,000	28,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	25,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,500	...	...	113,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,400	...	...	93,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,200	...	...	93,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,135	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,800	...	...	149,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...	120,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,300	...	...	64,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	10,025	4,615	5,415	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,200	49,560	39,600	44,200	49,560	39,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,520	40,960	34,600	37,520	40,960	34,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	80,780	39,620	41,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,540	7,415	7,125	18.0	18.7	17.3
0 to 5 years	4,030	2,070	1,955	5.0	5.2	4.7
18 to 64 years	48,790	23,865	24,925	60.4	60.2	60.5
65 years and over	17,450	8,340	9,110	21.6	21.0	22.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,805	4,305	5,495	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,640	850	790	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	505	275	225	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	4,215	1,835	2,380	...	...	...
65 years and over	3,950	1,620	2,330	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.1	10.9	13.4	12.1	10.9	13.4
0 to 17 years (%)	11.3	11.4	11.1	11.3	11.4	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	13.3	11.6	12.4	13.3	11.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	7.7	9.6	8.6	7.7	9.6
65 years and over (%)	22.6	19.4	25.6	22.6	19.4	25.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	80,780	39,620	41,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,540	7,415	7,125	18.0	18.7	17.3
0 to 5 years	4,030	2,070	1,955	5.0	5.2	4.7
18 to 64 years	48,790	23,865	24,925	60.4	60.2	60.5
65 years and over	17,450	8,340	9,110	21.6	21.0	22.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,900	900	1,000	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	315	160	160	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	50	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,430	685	750	...	...	...
65 years and over	155	60	95	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.3	2.5	2.1	2.3	2.5	2.1
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.0
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.7	1.1	0.9	0.7	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	80,780	39,620	41,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	42,230	20,010	22,220	52.3	50.5	54.0
In bottom decile	7,305	3,165	4,140	9.0	8.0	10.1
In second decile	9,380	4,365	5,010	11.6	11.0	12.2
In third decile	8,880	4,250	4,630	11.0	10.7	11.2
In fourth decile	8,435	4,095	4,340	10.4	10.3	10.5
In fifth decile	8,230	4,130	4,100	10.2	10.4	10.0
In top half of the distribution	38,555	19,610	18,940	47.7	49.5	46.0
In sixth decile	8,305	4,145	4,150	10.3	10.5	10.1
In seventh decile	8,420	4,275	4,140	10.4	10.8	10.1
In eighth decile	8,360	4,255	4,105	10.3	10.7	10.0
In ninth decile	7,725	3,960	3,760	9.6	10.0	9.1
In top decile	5,750	2,970	2,780	7.1	7.5	6.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	80,780	...	...	80,780	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.314	...	...	0.314	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.458	...	...	0.458	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	81,350	39,820	41,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	77,535	38,360	39,175	95.3	96.3	94.3
French only	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,775	1,445	2,335	4.6	3.6	5.6
Neither English nor French	35	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	81,350	39,820	41,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	81,135	39,715	41,425	99.7	99.7	99.8
French	180	90	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	81,350	39,820	41,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	81,115	39,715	41,400	99.7	99.7	99.7
Official languages	80,655	39,495	41,155	99.1	99.2	99.1
English	80,460	39,400	41,060	98.9	98.9	98.9
French	195	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	460	215	245	0.6	0.5	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	445	210	240	0.5	0.5	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	245	135	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	235	105	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	125	55	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	95	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	81,350	39,820	41,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	80,475	39,425	41,045	98.9	99.0	98.8
French	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	100	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	95	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	345	145	205	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	360	170	195	0.4	0.4	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	81,350	39,820	41,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	81,250	39,770	41,475	99.9	99.9	99.9
Official languages	81,075	39,680	41,390	99.7	99.6	99.7
English	81,010	39,655	41,355	99.6	99.6	99.6
French	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	175	85	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	85	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	81,350	39,820	41,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	80,700	39,535	41,165	99.2	99.3	99.1
English	80	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
French	295	115	180	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	230	105	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	215	100	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	80,730	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	80,690	39,550	41,145	100.0	99.9	100.0
English	80,675	39,545	41,135	99.9	99.9	100.0
French	3,745	1,320	2,425	4.6	3.3	5.9
Non-official languages	820	380	445	1.0	1.0	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	800	375	425	1.0	0.9	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	35	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	25	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	430	210	225	0.5	0.5	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	75	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	75	125	0.3	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	45	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,160	1,040	1,125	2.7	2.6	2.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,965	945	1,020	2.4	2.4	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,080	540	540	1.3	1.4	1.3
Métis	495	210	290	0.6	0.5	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	385	195	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	135	70	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	78,565	38,530	40,030	97.3	97.4	97.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	660	345	315	0.8	0.9	0.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	80,065	39,225	40,845	99.2	99.1	99.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	28,795	...	...	84.3	...	...
Renter	5,360	...	...	15.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	500	...	...	1.5	...	...
Not condominium	33,655	...	...	98.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,165	...	...	3.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,140	...	...	20.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,840	...	...	49.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,980	...	...	26.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,240	...	...	12.4	...	...
5 rooms	5,235	...	...	15.3	...	...
6 rooms	6,260	...	...	18.3	...	...
7 rooms	5,515	...	...	16.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,895	...	...	37.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	34,110	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	33,695	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	460	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,265	...	...	12.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,755	...	...	25.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,215	...	...	15.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,300	...	...	12.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,455	...	...	7.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,310	...	...	9.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	3,540	...	...	10.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	2,315	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	32,680	...	...	95.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,480	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	16,705	...	...	48.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	16,670	...	...	48.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	775	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	440	...	...	1.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,425	...	...	10.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,185	...	...	15.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,420	...	...	18.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,660	...	...	22.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,080	...	...	20.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,185	...	...	9.3	...	...
85 years and over	765	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	34,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,450	...	...	86.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,605	...	...	13.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,330	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	34,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,245	...	...	18.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,320	...	...	12.6	...	...
Not suitable only	425	...	...	1.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,200	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	260	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	27,915	...	...	81.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	33,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,980	...	...	5.9	...	...
Not in core need	31,800	...	...	94.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	28,760	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.8	...	...	51.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...	9.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,102	...	...	1,102	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	274,000	...	...	274,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	278,400	...	...	278,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,360	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.0	...	...	36.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.3	...	...	20.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	938	...	...	938	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	80,730	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,240	600	635	1.5	1.5	1.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,185	575	610	1.5	1.5	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	775	400	375	1.0	1.0	0.9
Métis single ancestry	195	75	125	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	210	95	115	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,275	1,115	1,150	2.8	2.8	2.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,195	1,100	1,095	2.7	2.8	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,545	790	755	1.9	2.0	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	315	140	175	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	335	170	170	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	75	20	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	77,215	37,850	39,365	95.6	95.7	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	80,255	39,295	40,960	99.4	99.3	99.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,525	7,440	7,080	18.0	18.8	17.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	65,735	31,855	33,875	81.4	80.5	82.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	470	275	195	0.6	0.7	0.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	79,520	38,920	40,600	98.5	98.4	98.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,075	580	495	1.3	1.5	1.2
Before 1980	445	220	220	0.6	0.6	0.5
1980 to 1990	75	55	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
1991 to 2000	95	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	195	120	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	265	130	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
2011 to 2015	150	65	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	120	65	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,075	585	490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	180	70	115	16.7	12.0	23.5
5 to 14 years	180	120	60	16.7	20.5	12.2
15 to 24 years	195	130	55	18.1	22.2	11.2
25 to 44 years	430	210	220	40.0	35.9	44.9
45 years and over	90	55	35	8.4	9.4	7.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,075	585	490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	330	155	175	30.7	26.5	35.7
Brazil	25	0	20	2.3	0.0	4.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	10	15	1.9	1.7	3.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	230	120	110	21.4	20.5	22.4
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	25	3.7	3.4	5.1
Europe	500	300	195	46.5	51.3	39.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	2.0
Germany	20	0	20	1.9	0.0	4.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	15	0	1.4	2.6	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	330	195	135	30.7	33.3	27.6
Other places of birth in Europe	100	80	20	9.3	13.7	4.1
Africa	80	55	20	7.4	9.4	4.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	30	25	10	2.8	4.3	2.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	10	3.3	3.4	2.0
Asia	170	70	105	15.8	12.0	21.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	15	2.8	1.7	3.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	2.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	90	15	70	8.4	2.6	14.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	1.9	1.7	2.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	120	65	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	10	20	25.0	15.4	33.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	15	20.8	15.4	25.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	25	0	25.0	38.5	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	8.3	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	12.5	23.1	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	20	10	25.0	30.8	16.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	20	0	20.8	30.8	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	10	20	25.0	15.4	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	12.5	0.0	16.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,590	830	760	2.0	2.1	1.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,415	1,185	1,225	3.0	3.0	3.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	76,720	37,550	39,165	95.0	94.9	95.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	630	355	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	310	165	145	49.2	46.5	53.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	155	80	80	24.6	22.5	29.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	155	85	65	24.6	23.9	24.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	290	175	115	46.0	49.3	42.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0	2.4	2.8	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	630	355	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	15	0	4.0	4.2	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	165	100	70	26.2	28.2	25.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	20	10	4.8	5.6	3.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	25	40	10.3	7.0	14.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	335	195	145	53.2	54.9	53.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	820	365	455	1.0	0.9	1.1
South Asian	135	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese	145	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	205	110	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
Filipino	105	30	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab	40	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latin American	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southeast Asian	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	79,905	39,210	40,700	99.0	99.1	98.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	22,970	11,250	11,730	28.5	28.4	28.5
English	28,860	13,880	14,975	35.8	35.1	36.4
Irish	25,825	12,530	13,300	32.0	31.7	32.3
Scottish	4,930	2,370	2,555	6.1	6.0	6.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,665	1,340	1,325	3.3	3.4	3.2
German	940	450	485	1.2	1.1	1.2
Chinese	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	250	110	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indian (India)	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	170	95	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	160	85	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Polish	145	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,580	1,290	1,290	3.2	3.3	3.1
Filipino	135	50	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	90	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	4,080	1,975	2,110	5.1	5.0	5.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	460	230	230	0.6	0.6	0.6
Métis	610	245	365	0.8	0.6	0.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,075	555	520	1.3	1.4	1.3
Russian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Norwegian	290	165	130	0.4	0.4	0.3
Welsh	990	480	510	1.2	1.2	1.2
Portuguese	170	95	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	255	130	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	170	55	115	0.2	0.1	0.3
Swedish	160	100	55	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	160	65	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	65	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	385	190	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Danish	140	80	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	210	110	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	75	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	70	50	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	1,235	640	595	1.5	1.6	1.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	160	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	5,805	2,875	2,930	7.2	7.3	7.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	595	275	325	0.7	0.7	0.8
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	35	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	320	180	140	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	80,725	39,570	41,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	69,555	33,710	35,845	86.2	85.2	87.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,810	870	940	2.2	2.2	2.3
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	20,865	10,025	10,835	25.8	25.3	26.3
Baptist	135	80	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catholic	31,425	15,385	16,040	38.9	38.9	39.0
Christian Orthodox	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	360	155	210	0.4	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	2,420	1,100	1,320	3.0	2.8	3.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	2,190	1,000	1,190	2.7	2.5	2.9
Presbyterian	100	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	9,500	4,700	4,790	11.8	11.9	11.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	580	275	305	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hindu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	15	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	10,925	5,760	5,165	13.5	14.6	12.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	80,040	39,210	40,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	74,270	36,555	37,710	92.8	93.2	92.4
Movers	5,770	2,655	3,125	7.2	6.8	7.7
Non-migrants	2,645	1,245	1,400	3.3	3.2	3.4
Migrants	3,130	1,405	1,720	3.9	3.6	4.2
Internal migrants	3,035	1,375	1,670	3.8	3.5	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	2,080	895	1,185	2.6	2.3	2.9
Interprovincial migrants	955	480	480	1.2	1.2	1.2
External migrants	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	77,395	37,940	39,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	56,875	28,070	28,805	73.5	74.0	73.0
Movers	20,520	9,870	10,655	26.5	26.0	27.0
Non-migrants	6,890	3,310	3,580	8.9	8.7	9.1
Migrants	13,635	6,565	7,075	17.6	17.3	17.9
Internal migrants	13,415	6,460	6,955	17.3	17.0	17.6
Intraprovincial migrants	11,010	5,295	5,715	14.2	14.0	14.5
Interprovincial migrants	2,400	1,165	1,235	3.1	3.1	3.1
External migrants	220	100	120	0.3	0.3	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	68,875	33,560	35,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	13,645	7,400	6,240	19.8	22.1	17.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	55,235	26,150	29,080	80.2	77.9	82.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,305	20,920	22,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,190	3,170	2,020	12.0	15.2	9.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	38,115	17,750	20,365	88.0	84.8	91.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	68,880	33,555	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,270	6,340	5,925	17.8	18.9	16.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	18,500	8,760	9,745	26.9	26.1	27.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,110	18,455	19,655	55.3	55.0	55.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	28,155	14,655	13,495	40.9	43.7	38.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,165	6,085	2,080	11.9	18.1	5.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,810	2,205	1,605	5.5	6.6	4.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,355	3,875	475	6.3	11.5	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	18,355	7,915	10,440	26.6	23.6	29.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,630	660	975	2.4	2.0	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,955	3,800	6,155	14.5	11.3	17.4
Bachelor's degree	6,975	2,635	4,340	10.1	7.9	12.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	410	175	240	0.6	0.5	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	60	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	2,240	830	1,415	3.3	2.5	4.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	185	100	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,305	20,920	22,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,335	2,545	1,790	10.0	12.2	8.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,050	4,915	5,135	23.2	23.5	22.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,920	13,460	15,455	66.8	64.3	69.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	21,220	10,720	10,495	49.0	51.2	46.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,845	4,370	1,470	13.5	20.9	6.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,625	1,560	1,065	6.1	7.5	4.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,220	2,820	400	7.4	13.5	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	14,240	5,895	8,350	32.9	28.2	37.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,130	460	675	2.6	2.2	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,705	2,745	4,960	17.8	13.1	22.2
Bachelor's degree	5,335	1,960	3,375	12.3	9.4	15.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	125	175	0.7	0.6	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	35	85	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	1,830	580	1,245	4.2	2.8	5.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	40	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	68,880	33,555	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	30,765	15,100	15,665	44.7	45.0	44.4
Education	3,095	880	2,210	4.5	2.6	6.3
13. Education	3,095	880	2,210	4.5	2.6	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	435	200	235	0.6	0.6	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	70	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	355	135	220	0.5	0.4	0.6
Humanities	925	430	495	1.3	1.3	1.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	0	70	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	235	95	140	0.3	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	80	145	0.3	0.2	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	55	15	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	70	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	130	90	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	70	20	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,310	540	1,770	3.4	1.6	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	30	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	675	30	640	1.0	0.1	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	320	60	260	0.5	0.2	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	465	100	365	0.7	0.3	1.0
45. Social sciences	735	320	415	1.1	1.0	1.2
Business, management and public administration	8,250	1,765	6,490	12.0	5.3	18.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	60	390	0.6	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,780	1,700	6,080	11.3	5.1	17.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	760	350	410	1.1	1.0	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	335	125	210	0.5	0.4	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	105	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	205	110	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,250	650	595	1.8	1.9	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,105	580	520	1.6	1.7	1.5
25. Library science	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	60	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	11,235	10,285	955	16.3	30.7	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	60	45	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	835	645	190	1.2	1.9	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,920	2,450	475	4.2	7.3	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	3,700	3,565	135	5.4	10.6	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,000	1,930	70	2.9	5.8	0.2
48. Precision production	1,720	1,650	70	2.5	4.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	645	350	295	0.9	1.0	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	370	150	220	0.5	0.4	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	270	205	70	0.4	0.6	0.2
Health and related fields	5,370	700	4,670	7.8	2.1	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	205	85	125	0.3	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,100	585	4,510	7.4	1.7	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,830	2,310	1,525	5.6	6.9	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,645	375	1,270	2.4	1.1	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	420	305	115	0.6	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,755	1,620	135	2.5	4.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	43,305	20,920	22,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,385	7,460	6,930	33.2	35.7	31.0
Education	1,855	435	1,420	4.3	2.1	6.3
13. Education	1,855	435	1,420	4.3	2.1	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	345	145	200	0.8	0.7	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	115	185	0.7	0.5	0.8
Humanities	600	280	320	1.4	1.3	1.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	115	50	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	70	115	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	100	75	25	0.2	0.4	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,935	435	1,505	4.5	2.1	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	590	30	555	1.4	0.1	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	290	50	240	0.7	0.2	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	360	80	280	0.8	0.4	1.3
45. Social sciences	600	240	355	1.4	1.1	1.6
Business, management and public administration	6,330	1,235	5,090	14.6	5.9	22.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	335	25	315	0.8	0.1	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,970	1,205	4,765	13.8	5.8	21.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	585	240	350	1.4	1.1	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	60	185	0.6	0.3	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	80	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	170	95	70	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,120	580	540	2.6	2.8	2.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,005	545	460	2.3	2.6	2.1
25. Library science	55	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	8,385	7,520	860	19.4	35.9	3.8
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	695	545	155	1.6	2.6	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,280	1,835	440	5.3	8.8	2.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,795	2,665	130	6.5	12.7	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,400	1,345	55	3.2	6.4	0.2
48. Precision production	1,165	1,105	60	2.7	5.3	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	555	285	270	1.3	1.4	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	310	110	195	0.7	0.5	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	245	170	75	0.6	0.8	0.3
Health and related fields	4,125	465	3,660	9.5	2.2	16.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	165	55	110	0.4	0.3	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,905	385	3,520	9.0	1.8	15.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,080	1,845	1,245	7.1	8.8	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,320	290	1,035	3.0	1.4	4.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	350	245	105	0.8	1.2	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,410	1,305	100	3.3	6.2	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	43,305	20,920	22,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,385	7,460	6,930	33.2	35.7	31.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	28,920	13,465	15,455	66.8	64.4	69.0
Location of study inside Canada	28,495	13,275	15,225	65.8	63.5	68.0
Same as province or territory of residence	25,400	11,840	13,560	58.7	56.6	60.6
Different than province or territory of residence	3,100	1,435	1,665	7.2	6.9	7.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	420	190	235	1.0	0.9	1.0
Americas	115	25	85	0.3	0.1	0.4
United States of America	95	20	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	190	120	75	0.4	0.6	0.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	135	80	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Africa	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	65	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	68,875	33,555	35,320	...	...	...
In the labour force	39,660	20,130	19,525	...	...	...
Employed	33,985	16,700	17,285	...	...	...
Unemployed	5,670	3,430	2,245	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	29,220	13,425	15,795	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.6	60.0	55.3	57.6	60.0	55.3
Employment rate	49.3	49.8	48.9	49.3	49.8	48.9
Unemployment rate	14.3	17.0	11.5	14.3	17.0	11.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	68,880	33,555	35,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	28,380	12,780	15,600	41.2	38.1	44.2
Worked	40,500	20,780	19,720	58.8	61.9	55.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	20,345	10,050	10,290	29.5	30.0	29.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	20,160	10,725	9,430	29.3	32.0	26.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.7	37.3	40.2	38.7	37.3	40.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	39,655	20,135	19,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,070	605	465	2.7	3.0	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	38,585	19,525	19,060	97.3	97.0	97.6
Employee	35,245	17,505	17,735	88.9	86.9	90.8
Permanent position	25,380	12,135	13,240	64.0	60.3	67.8
Temporary position	9,870	5,375	4,495	24.9	26.7	23.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	2,075	890	1,185	5.2	4.4	6.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	7,795	4,485	3,315	19.7	22.3	17.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,340	2,015	1,325	8.4	10.0	6.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	39,655	20,135	19,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,070	605	465	2.7	3.0	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	38,585	19,525	19,060	97.3	97.0	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	335	195	145	0.8	1.0	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,960	1,380	4,580	15.0	6.9	23.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,575	1,960	615	6.5	9.7	3.1
3 Health occupations	3,250	420	2,825	8.2	2.1	14.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,885	1,230	3,660	12.3	6.1	18.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	555	235	320	1.4	1.2	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	9,240	3,530	5,710	23.3	17.5	29.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,945	8,335	610	22.6	41.4	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,355	1,160	195	3.4	5.8	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,475	1,080	400	3.7	5.4	2.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	39,655	20,135	19,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,070	605	465	2.7	3.0	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	38,585	19,525	19,060	97.3	97.0	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,125	855	265	2.8	4.2	1.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,320	1,110	210	3.3	5.5	1.1
22 Utilities	480	355	120	1.2	1.8	0.6
23 Construction	4,375	3,915	460	11.0	19.4	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	1,890	1,340	545	4.8	6.7	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	1,005	755	250	2.5	3.7	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	4,720	2,095	2,625	11.9	10.4	13.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,945	1,495	450	4.9	7.4	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	400	205	190	1.0	1.0	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	855	240	615	2.2	1.2	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	235	145	1.0	1.2	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,910	1,025	885	4.8	5.1	4.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,205	725	475	3.0	3.6	2.4
61 Educational services	2,575	665	1,910	6.5	3.3	9.8
62 Health care and social assistance	5,750	735	5,010	14.5	3.7	25.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	600	290	310	1.5	1.4	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	2,280	745	1,540	5.7	3.7	7.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,795	935	860	4.5	4.6	4.4
91 Public administration	3,970	1,790	2,180	10.0	8.9	11.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	43,250	22,135	21,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	42,875	22,025	20,850	99.1	99.5	98.8
French	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	275	65	215	0.6	0.3	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	43,250	22,135	21,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	43,210	22,120	21,090	99.9	99.9	99.9
Official languages	43,200	22,115	21,085	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	43,075	22,090	20,980	99.6	99.8	99.4
French	125	25	100	0.3	0.1	0.5
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	43,250	22,135	21,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	42,970	22,060	20,910	99.4	99.7	99.1
English	75	10	65	0.2	0.0	0.3
French	165	40	125	0.4	0.2	0.6
Non-official language	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	33,990	16,700	17,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,615	1,735	2,880	13.6	10.4	16.7
Worked outside Canada	125	110	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
No fixed workplace address	5,885	4,390	1,495	17.3	26.3	8.6
Usual place of work	23,365	10,465	12,900	68.7	62.7	74.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	23,370	10,465	12,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,620	3,330	5,285	36.9	31.8	41.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	14,065	6,590	7,475	60.2	63.0	57.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	370	300	65	1.6	2.9	0.5
Commute to a different province or territory	320	245	75	1.4	2.3	0.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	29,250	14,855	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	26,915	13,335	13,580	92.0	89.8	94.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	24,740	12,385	12,355	84.6	83.4	85.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,175	955	1,225	7.4	6.4	8.5
Public transit	320	245	80	1.1	1.6	0.6
Walked	740	310	430	2.5	2.1	3.0
Bicycle	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	1,260	955	305	4.3	6.4	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	29,250	14,855	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	10,180	4,380	5,800	34.8	29.5	40.3
15 to 29 minutes	11,370	5,705	5,670	38.9	38.4	39.4
30 to 44 minutes	3,945	2,205	1,740	13.5	14.8	12.1
45 to 59 minutes	1,245	750	490	4.3	5.0	3.4
60 minutes and over	2,510	1,820	690	8.6	12.3	4.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	29,250	14,855	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,540	1,175	365	5.3	7.9	2.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,360	2,865	1,495	14.9	19.3	10.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,435	5,025	4,410	32.3	33.8	30.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,145	2,895	4,245	24.4	19.5	29.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,910	990	1,920	9.9	6.7	13.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,855	1,905	1,950	13.2	12.8	13.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	14,865	7,580	7,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	350	155	195	2.4	2.0	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	14,520	7,430	7,090	97.7	98.0	97.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	11,345	5,785	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	250	110	140	2.2	1.9	2.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	120	50	70	1.1	0.9	1.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	60	70	1.1	1.0	1.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,095	5,680	5,415	97.8	98.2	97.5

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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