Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Arthabaska, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	74,348	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	72,014	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	35,556	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	33,166	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	39.4	...	...	39.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,887.09	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	74,345	36,990	37,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12,345	6,405	5,935	16.6	17.3	15.9
0 to 4 years	3,705	1,935	1,775	5.0	5.2	4.8
5 to 9 years	4,220	2,155	2,065	5.7	5.8	5.5
10 to 14 years	4,420	2,325	2,095	5.9	6.3	5.6
15 to 64 years	43,525	22,040	21,485	58.5	59.6	57.5
15 to 19 years	3,775	1,910	1,870	5.1	5.2	5.0
20 to 24 years	3,415	1,795	1,625	4.6	4.9	4.4
25 to 29 years	3,705	1,920	1,785	5.0	5.2	4.8
30 to 34 years	3,925	2,015	1,915	5.3	5.4	5.1
35 to 39 years	4,430	2,230	2,195	6.0	6.0	5.9
40 to 44 years	4,755	2,495	2,260	6.4	6.7	6.1
45 to 49 years	4,155	2,105	2,055	5.6	5.7	5.5
50 to 54 years	4,185	2,040	2,135	5.6	5.5	5.7
55 to 59 years	5,440	2,730	2,710	7.3	7.4	7.3
60 to 64 years	5,745	2,810	2,935	7.7	7.6	7.9
65 years and over	18,480	8,545	9,930	24.9	23.1	26.6
65 to 69 years	5,595	2,780	2,815	7.5	7.5	7.5
70 to 74 years	4,735	2,295	2,445	6.4	6.2	6.5
75 to 79 years	3,505	1,625	1,880	4.7	4.4	5.0
80 to 84 years	2,285	970	1,310	3.1	2.6	3.5
85 years and over	2,360	875	1,480	3.2	2.4	4.0
85 to 89 years	1,480	585	885	2.0	1.6	2.4
90 to 94 years	685	240	445	0.9	0.6	1.2
95 to 99 years	180	45	135	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	58.5	59.6	57.5	58.5	59.6	57.5
65 years and over	24.9	23.1	26.6	24.9	23.1	26.6
85 years and over	3.2	2.4	4.0	3.2	2.4	4.0
Average age of the population	44.6	43.5	45.7	44.6	43.5	45.7
Median age of the population	46.0	44.4	47.6	46.0	44.4	47.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	19,860	...	...	59.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,670	...	...	8.0	...	...
Row house	310	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,560	...	...	4.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,520	...	...	25.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	180	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	33,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,895	...	...	35.9	...	...
2 persons	12,210	...	...	36.8	...	...
3 persons	3,635	...	...	11.0	...	...
4 persons	3,525	...	...	10.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,895	...	...	5.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	71,715	36,060	35,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	62,000	30,585	31,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	35,965	17,960	18,005	58.0	58.7	57.3
Married	18,025	9,025	9,005	29.1	29.5	28.7
Living common-law	17,935	8,940	8,995	28.9	29.2	28.6
Living common law - Never married	14,280	7,085	7,195	23.0	23.2	22.9
Living common law - Separated	140	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	3,080	1,590	1,490	5.0	5.2	4.7
Living common law - Widowed	435	200	235	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	26,040	12,625	13,415	42.0	41.3	42.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	17,240	9,455	7,785	27.8	30.9	24.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	645	280	370	1.0	0.9	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,515	1,935	2,580	7.3	6.3	8.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,635	955	2,685	5.9	3.1	8.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	20,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	11,930	...	...	58.1	...	...
3 persons	3,485	...	...	17.0	...	...
4 persons	3,430	...	...	16.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,705	...	...	8.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	20,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	17,610	...	...	85.7	...	...
Married couples	8,645	...	...	42.1	...	...
With children⁶	2,525	...	...	12.3	...	...
Without children	6,125	...	...	29.8	...	...
Common-law couples	8,965	...	...	43.6	...	...
With children⁶	4,795	...	...	23.3	...	...
Without children	4,175	...	...	20.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,940	...	...	14.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,065	...	...	10.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	875	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	71,715	36,060	35,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	57,220	28,625	28,595	79.8	79.4	80.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	35,225	17,590	17,635	49.1	48.8	49.5
Parents in one-parent families	2,940	875	2,065	4.1	2.4	5.8
Children⁶	19,060	10,165	8,895	26.6	28.2	25.0
In a two-parent family	14,350	7,600	6,745	20.0	21.1	18.9
In a one-parent family	4,710	2,560	2,150	6.6	7.1	6.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,490	7,430	7,055	20.2	20.6	19.8
Living alone	11,895	5,940	5,950	16.6	16.5	16.7
Living with other relatives⁷	960	460	500	1.3	1.3	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	1,640	1,035	605	2.3	2.9	1.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	33,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	19,735	...	...	59.5	...	...
Couple-family households	17,065	...	...	51.5	...	...
With children⁶	7,095	...	...	21.4	...	...
Without children	9,970	...	...	30.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,670	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	195	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	70	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	395	...	...	1.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	870	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	11,895	...	...	35.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	59,380	29,665	29,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	58,585	29,290	29,295	98.7	98.7	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,400	38,000	42,400	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	58,600	29,295	29,295	98.7	98.8	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,800	31,200	34,000	36,800	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	52,455	26,805	25,650	88.3	90.4	86.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	36,000	24,600	30,000	36,000	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,200	21,820	19,380	69.4	73.6	65.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	28,200	32,800	37,600	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	50,145	24,050	26,095	84.4	81.1	87.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	10,500	13,100	12,100	10,500	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,985	4,295	3,690	13.4	14.5	12.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,440	5,040	5,240	5,440	5,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,525	8,655	7,875	27.8	29.2	26.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	58,675	29,345	29,335	98.8	98.9	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,760	49,840	39,680	44,760	49,840	39,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	58,685	29,350	29,335	98.8	99.0	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,880	41,200	34,560	37,880	41,200	34,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	52,360	26,925	25,440	88.2	90.8	85.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,920	43,880	31,600	37,920	43,880	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,200	22,030	19,175	69.4	74.3	64.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,080	43,440	34,040	39,080	43,440	34,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	50,100	23,995	26,110	84.4	80.9	87.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,790	11,710	13,800	12,790	11,710	13,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,055	4,320	3,735	13.6	14.6	12.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,650	6,390	6,960	6,650	6,390	6,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,685	8,780	7,905	28.1	29.6	26.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,160	6,780	7,580	7,160	6,780	7,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	19,175	10,780	8,395	32.3	36.3	28.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	55,200	46,000	50,400	55,200	46,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,500	62,150	51,600	57,500	62,150	51,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	17,600	8,700	8,900	29.6	29.3	30.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	22,000	16,400	18,800	22,000	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	29,440	22,240	25,800	29,440	22,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	80.8	69.0	75.6	80.8	69.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.3	65.4	56.1	61.3	65.4	56.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	19.2	31.0	24.4	19.2	31.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	4.8	6.4	5.5	4.8	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.1	5.2	4.6	4.1	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	790	370	420	1.3	1.2	1.4
With total income	58,590	29,290	29,295	98.7	98.8	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,325	1,440	1,880	5.7	4.9	6.4
$10,000 to $19,999	8,195	3,230	4,965	14.0	11.0	16.9
$20,000 to $29,999	10,915	5,100	5,820	18.6	17.4	19.9
$30,000 to $39,999	8,470	3,940	4,535	14.5	13.5	15.5
$40,000 to $49,999	8,355	4,165	4,190	14.3	14.2	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	6,365	3,430	2,940	10.9	11.7	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	4,115	2,425	1,690	7.0	8.3	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	2,855	1,775	1,080	4.9	6.1	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,990	1,175	815	3.4	4.0	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,175	685	485	2.0	2.3	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,825	1,925	900	4.8	6.6	3.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,100	1,395	705	3.6	4.8	2.4
$150,000 and over	725	525	195	1.2	1.8	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	780	365	420	1.3	1.2	1.4
With after-tax income	58,595	29,300	29,300	98.7	98.8	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,590	1,530	2,060	6.1	5.2	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	8,620	3,450	5,165	14.7	11.8	17.6
$20,000 to $29,999	12,695	5,970	6,725	21.7	20.4	23.0
$30,000 to $39,999	10,915	5,435	5,485	18.6	18.5	18.7
$40,000 to $49,999	9,285	4,915	4,365	15.8	16.8	14.9
$50,000 to $59,999	5,720	3,340	2,380	9.8	11.4	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	3,425	1,955	1,475	5.8	6.7	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,785	1,030	760	3.0	3.5	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,010	600	410	1.7	2.0	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	545	365	180	0.9	1.2	0.6
$100,000 and over	1,000	710	290	1.7	2.4	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	535	360	170	0.9	1.2	0.6
$125,000 and over	470	345	120	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	18,175	7,845	10,335	30.6	26.4	34.8
With employment income	41,200	21,820	19,385	69.4	73.6	65.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,195	2,725	2,470	12.6	12.5	12.7
$5,000 to $9,999	3,450	1,510	1,940	8.4	6.9	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	5,700	2,470	3,225	13.8	11.3	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	4,785	2,255	2,535	11.6	10.3	13.1
$30,000 to $39,999	5,190	2,595	2,595	12.6	11.9	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	4,780	2,540	2,235	11.6	11.6	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,455	2,065	1,390	8.4	9.5	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,480	1,655	820	6.0	7.6	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,900	1,190	705	4.6	5.5	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,515	890	625	3.7	4.1	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	755	495	255	1.8	2.3	1.3
$100,000 and over	2,005	1,420	585	4.9	6.5	3.0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,105	760	345	2.7	3.5	1.8
$125,000 and over	900	660	240	2.2	3.0	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	59,380	29,665	29,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	57,930	28,930	29,005	97.6	97.5	97.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	31,000	35,600	40,800	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	57,955	28,930	29,025	97.6	97.5	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	35,600	28,400	31,800	35,600	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	51,800	26,480	25,315	87.2	89.3	85.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	37,600	26,000	31,200	37,600	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,735	21,975	19,760	70.3	74.1	66.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,800	28,200	33,200	38,800	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	45,755	21,620	24,135	77.1	72.9	81.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,300	7,800	10,600	9,300	7,800	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,950	4,410	3,540	13.4	14.9	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,400	4,480	4,280	4,400	4,480	4,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	58,025	28,975	29,050	97.7	97.7	97.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,480	47,960	37,000	42,480	47,960	37,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	58,040	28,975	29,065	97.7	97.7	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,920	39,680	32,200	35,920	39,680	32,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	51,830	26,635	25,185	87.3	89.8	84.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,480	44,680	31,920	38,480	44,680	31,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,815	22,165	19,650	70.4	74.7	66.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,920	43,760	33,480	38,920	43,760	33,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	45,465	21,375	24,085	76.6	72.1	81.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,340	9,350	11,220	10,340	9,350	11,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,980	4,435	3,545	13.4	15.0	11.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,270	5,590	7,130	6,270	5,590	7,130
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	19,180	10,780	8,405	32.3	36.3	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	53,200	42,400	48,000	53,200	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,250	59,350	47,720	54,250	59,350	47,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	16,835	8,290	8,550	28.4	28.0	28.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	27,000	20,600	23,600	27,000	20,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,440	33,440	25,540	29,440	33,440	25,540
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.0	85.6	74.8	81.0	85.6	74.8
Employment income (%)	66.0	69.8	61.2	66.0	69.8	61.2
Government transfers (%)	19.1	14.4	25.2	19.1	14.4	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.8	2.4	2.0	1.8	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	33,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	21,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	33,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	79,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,900	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,360	...	...	40,360	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,880	...	...	34,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	21,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,900	...	...	100,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	33,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	515	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	840	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,415	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,385	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,470	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,070	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,845	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,650	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,820	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,535	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,385	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,105	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,875	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,880	...	...	26.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,575	...	...	10.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,120	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,045	...	...	6.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,145	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	33,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	540	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	885	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,600	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,740	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,825	...	...	5.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,520	...	...	7.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,090	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,730	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,130	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,975	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,625	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,315	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,865	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,920	...	...	17.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,975	...	...	9.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,505	...	...	4.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,440	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	20,635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	10,015	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	13,530	6,975	6,560	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	37,600	31,000	34,000	37,600	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	33,200	28,600	30,800	33,200	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	20,615	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,300	...	...	101,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,300	...	...	85,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,300	...	...	72,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,600	...	...	134,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,600	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,900	...	...	62,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	13,535	7,080	6,450	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,800	43,160	36,120	39,800	43,160	36,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,440	36,600	32,080	34,440	36,600	32,080
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	71,715	36,065	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,595	7,550	7,050	20.4	20.9	19.8
0 to 5 years	4,515	2,345	2,165	6.3	6.5	6.1
18 to 64 years	41,045	20,740	20,300	57.2	57.5	56.9
65 years and over	16,080	7,770	8,310	22.4	21.5	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,770	4,525	5,240	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,405	715	690	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	425	225	200	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	4,215	2,100	2,115	...	...	...
65 years and over	4,145	1,710	2,440	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.6	14.7	13.6	12.6	14.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.7	9.5	9.8	9.7	9.5	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.4	9.6	9.2	9.4	9.6	9.2
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	10.1	10.4	10.3	10.1	10.4
65 years and over (%)	25.8	22.0	29.3	25.8	22.0	29.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	71,715	36,060	35,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,595	7,550	7,045	20.4	20.9	19.8
0 to 5 years	4,510	2,345	2,170	6.3	6.5	6.1
18 to 64 years	41,040	20,745	20,300	57.2	57.5	56.9
65 years and over	16,080	7,770	8,310	22.4	21.5	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,315	1,255	1,060	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	255	130	120	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	60	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,820	1,020	800	...	...	...
65 years and over	245	100	140	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.5	3.0	3.2	3.5	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.9	4.0	4.4	4.9	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	71,715	36,065	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	45,535	22,485	23,055	63.5	62.3	64.7
In bottom decile	7,515	3,550	3,965	10.5	9.8	11.1
In second decile	10,005	4,775	5,225	14.0	13.2	14.7
In third decile	9,435	4,715	4,725	13.2	13.1	13.3
In fourth decile	9,670	4,910	4,760	13.5	13.6	13.4
In fifth decile	8,915	4,535	4,380	12.4	12.6	12.3
In top half of the distribution	26,175	13,575	12,605	36.5	37.6	35.4
In sixth decile	7,955	4,130	3,825	11.1	11.5	10.7
In seventh decile	6,870	3,585	3,290	9.6	9.9	9.2
In eighth decile	5,255	2,725	2,530	7.3	7.6	7.1
In ninth decile	3,745	1,940	1,805	5.2	5.4	5.1
In top decile	2,355	1,205	1,150	3.3	3.3	3.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	71,715	...	...	71,715	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.442	...	...	0.442	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	73,340	36,655	36,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	155	85	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
French only	53,120	25,495	27,630	72.4	69.6	75.3
English and French	19,745	10,860	8,880	26.9	29.6	24.2
Neither English nor French	320	215	105	0.4	0.6	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	73,340	36,655	36,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	705	355	355	1.0	1.0	1.0
French	72,045	35,930	36,115	98.2	98.0	98.4
English and French	285	160	120	0.4	0.4	0.3
Neither English nor French	305	210	95	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	73,340	36,655	36,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	72,720	36,320	36,400	99.2	99.1	99.2
Official languages	71,000	35,375	35,625	96.8	96.5	97.1
English	600	295	310	0.8	0.8	0.8
French	70,400	35,085	35,320	96.0	95.7	96.3
Non-official languages	1,720	950	770	2.3	2.6	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,720	950	765	2.3	2.6	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	330	185	145	0.4	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	315	175	135	0.4	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	310	180	135	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,055	605	455	1.4	1.7	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	135	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	125	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
German	80	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	810	465	345	1.1	1.3	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	735	425	305	1.0	1.2	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	115	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	620	335	285	0.8	0.9	0.8
English and French	395	220	175	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	160	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	73,340	36,655	36,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	250	130	120	0.3	0.4	0.3
French	69,560	34,605	34,955	94.8	94.4	95.3
Non-official language	670	420	255	0.9	1.1	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	670	420	255	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and French	1,605	890	720	2.2	2.4	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	925	445	485	1.3	1.2	1.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	270	150	125	0.4	0.4	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	73,340	36,655	36,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	72,740	36,355	36,390	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	71,680	35,735	35,945	97.7	97.5	98.0
English	450	240	215	0.6	0.7	0.6
French	71,230	35,500	35,730	97.1	96.8	97.4
Non-official languages	1,060	620	445	1.4	1.7	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,060	620	445	1.4	1.7	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	220	120	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	215	115	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	215	115	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	680	420	265	0.9	1.1	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	580	370	215	0.8	1.0	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	545	345	200	0.7	0.9	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	600	300	300	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	320	165	155	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	235	115	120	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	73,340	36,655	36,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	70,995	35,410	35,585	96.8	96.6	97.0
English	1,210	675	535	1.6	1.8	1.5
French	485	250	235	0.7	0.7	0.6
Non-official language	435	210	230	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	435	210	230	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	105	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	71,715	36,065	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	71,380	35,860	35,510	99.5	99.4	99.6
English	19,805	10,895	8,915	27.6	30.2	25.0
French	71,240	35,780	35,460	99.3	99.2	99.5
Non-official languages	3,955	1,930	2,025	5.5	5.4	5.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,950	1,925	2,025	5.5	5.3	5.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	430	245	185	0.6	0.7	0.5
Berber languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	430	245	185	0.6	0.7	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	430	245	185	0.6	0.7	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	140	60	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,950	1,405	1,545	4.1	3.9	4.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	105	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	330	185	140	0.5	0.5	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	315	180	135	0.4	0.5	0.4
German	250	140	110	0.3	0.4	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	125	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,535	1,175	1,365	3.5	3.3	3.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	2,395	1,100	1,290	3.3	3.1	3.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	50	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	100	45	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	71,715	36,065	35,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	910	420	490	1.3	1.2	1.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	870	395	475	1.2	1.1	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	485	210	280	0.7	0.6	0.8
Métis	365	180	185	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	70,805	35,640	35,170	98.7	98.8	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	71,715	36,065	35,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	115	65	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	71,600	36,000	35,600	99.8	99.8	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	22,090	...	...	66.6	...	...
Renter	11,080	...	...	33.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,005	...	...	6.0	...	...
Not condominium	31,165	...	...	94.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	135	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	3,625	...	...	10.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,445	...	...	28.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,420	...	...	37.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,545	...	...	22.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,160	...	...	27.6	...	...
5 rooms	6,025	...	...	18.2	...	...
6 rooms	4,400	...	...	13.3	...	...
7 rooms	4,380	...	...	13.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,190	...	...	27.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,065	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	100	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	32,745	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	420	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,880	...	...	20.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,020	...	...	30.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,340	...	...	13.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,680	...	...	11.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,855	...	...	5.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,275	...	...	6.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,180	...	...	6.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,930	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	31,815	...	...	95.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,350	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	18,910	...	...	57.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	13,825	...	...	41.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	430	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	33,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,065	...	...	3.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,065	...	...	12.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,415	...	...	16.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,115	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,685	...	...	20.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,590	...	...	19.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,470	...	...	10.5	...	...
85 years and over	755	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	32,640	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,810	...	...	88.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,830	...	...	11.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,580	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	33,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	5,370	...	...	16.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,620	...	...	10.9	...	...
Not suitable only	380	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,140	...	...	3.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	185	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	27,795	...	...	83.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	32,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	705	...	...	2.2	...	...
Not in core need	31,690	...	...	97.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,685	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.9	...	...	57.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.6	...	...	0.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	895	...	...	895	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	228,800	...	...	228,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,005	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.5	...	...	21.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	620	...	...	620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	660	...	...	660	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	71,715	36,060	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,110	515	595	1.5	1.4	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,100	510	595	1.5	1.4	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	950	445	510	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis single ancestry	135	60	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,315	530	785	1.8	1.5	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,305	525	775	1.8	1.5	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,240	505	735	1.7	1.4	2.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	69,290	35,015	34,270	96.6	97.1	96.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	71,715	36,060	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	70,460	35,325	35,140	98.3	98.0	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,365	7,450	6,915	20.0	20.7	19.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	56,100	27,875	28,230	78.2	77.3	79.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,255	740	515	1.7	2.1	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	71,715	36,060	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	69,160	34,680	34,475	96.4	96.2	96.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,985	995	995	2.8	2.8	2.8
Before 1980	225	130	100	0.3	0.4	0.3
1980 to 1990	200	120	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	280	140	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
2001 to 2010	540	235	300	0.8	0.7	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	740	370	370	1.0	1.0	1.0
2011 to 2015	320	145	180	0.4	0.4	0.5
2016 to 2021	420	230	195	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	570	385	185	0.8	1.1	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,990	995	990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	285	140	140	14.3	14.1	14.1
5 to 14 years	350	170	175	17.6	17.1	17.7
15 to 24 years	260	140	120	13.1	14.1	12.1
25 to 44 years	940	475	470	47.2	47.7	47.5
45 years and over	150	70	80	7.5	7.0	8.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,990	995	990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	625	285	345	31.4	28.6	34.8
Brazil	20	20	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Colombia	285	125	160	14.3	12.6	16.2
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	70	40	30	3.5	4.0	3.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	50	25	30	2.5	2.5	3.0
Peru	30	0	25	1.5	0.0	2.5
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	85	30	55	4.3	3.0	5.6
Other places of birth in Americas	80	40	40	4.0	4.0	4.0
Europe	665	375	290	33.4	37.7	29.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	20	1.0	0.0	2.0
Croatia	15	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.5
France	270	165	105	13.6	16.6	10.6
Germany	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.0
Greece	15	10	0	0.8	1.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	15	0	1.0	1.5	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Portugal	20	10	15	1.0	1.0	1.5
Romania	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	245	145	100	12.3	14.6	10.1
Africa	375	165	210	18.8	16.6	21.2
Algeria	25	15	10	1.3	1.5	1.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	60	10	50	3.0	1.0	5.1
Egypt	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	25	25	2.3	2.5	2.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	105	115	11.1	10.6	11.6
Asia	310	160	150	15.6	16.1	15.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0.8	1.0	1.0
Syria⁸⁹	90	60	30	4.5	6.0	3.0
Turkey	35	20	10	1.8	2.0	1.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	30	2.0	1.5	3.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	0	15	1.3	0.0	1.5
Viet Nam	45	15	30	2.3	1.5	3.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	25	20	2.5	2.5	2.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	420	225	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	60	40	15	14.3	17.8	7.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	0	10	4.8	0.0	5.1
Haiti	10	10	0	2.4	4.4	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	3.6	6.7	0.0
Europe	80	40	35	19.0	17.8	17.9
France	65	35	25	15.5	15.6	12.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	3.6	4.4	5.1
Africa	145	65	85	34.5	28.9	43.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	20	6.0	0.0	10.3
Côte d'Ivoire	30	20	10	7.1	8.9	5.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	20	10	10	4.8	4.4	5.1
Other places of birth in Africa	45	10	35	10.7	4.4	17.9
Asia	135	75	55	32.1	33.3	28.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	10	3.6	4.4	5.1
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	90	55	30	21.4	24.4	15.4
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	71,715	36,065	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,790	1,460	1,325	3.9	4.0	3.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,980	1,090	885	2.8	3.0	2.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	66,945	33,505	33,440	93.3	92.9	93.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,760	865	890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	650	390	265	36.9	45.1	29.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	300	245	55	17.0	28.3	6.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	355	145	205	20.2	16.8	23.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	440	185	250	25.0	21.4	28.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	645	275	375	36.6	31.8	42.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	20	0	1.4	2.3	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,760	865	890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	75	45	25	4.3	5.2	2.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	110	60	55	6.3	6.9	6.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	1.4	1.7	1.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	45	10	2.8	5.2	1.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	10	10	1.4	1.2	1.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,475	685	785	83.8	79.2	88.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	71,715	36,065	35,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,160	1,155	1,005	3.0	3.2	2.8
South Asian	55	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	135	30	100	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	560	290	275	0.8	0.8	0.8
Filipino	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	430	235	195	0.6	0.7	0.5
Latin American	735	430	305	1.0	1.2	0.9
Southeast Asian	135	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	69,555	34,910	34,645	97.0	96.8	97.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	71,715	36,060	35,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	30,565	15,350	15,210	42.6	42.6	42.7
English	415	190	225	0.6	0.5	0.6
Irish	2,195	995	1,195	3.1	2.8	3.4
Scottish	640	300	345	0.9	0.8	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	14,775	7,400	7,375	20.6	20.5	20.7
German	550	290	265	0.8	0.8	0.7
Chinese	115	30	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italian	380	200	180	0.5	0.6	0.5
Indian (India)	90	55	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	12,335	6,280	6,055	17.2	17.4	17.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	60	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Filipino	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	7,235	3,525	3,710	10.1	9.8	10.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,390	710	680	1.9	2.0	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,175	465	710	1.6	1.3	2.0
Métis	210	80	130	0.3	0.2	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	530	270	260	0.7	0.7	0.7
Russian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	330	160	170	0.5	0.4	0.5
Spanish	115	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	615	255	360	0.9	0.7	1.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	170	65	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jewish	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	130	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	55	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,040	560	480	1.5	1.6	1.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	210	100	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	220	115	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	180	95	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	175	110	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	495	290	210	0.7	0.8	0.6
Finnish	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	415	205	210	0.6	0.6	0.6
Moroccan	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	95	70	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	50	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	105	90	15	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	305	120	185	0.4	0.3	0.5
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	115	65	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	95	65	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	71,715	36,065	35,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	55,175	27,235	27,940	76.9	75.5	78.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,185	2,110	2,080	5.8	5.9	5.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	115	45	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catholic	49,995	24,655	25,345	69.7	68.4	71.1
Christian Orthodox	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	290	130	160	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	260	130	125	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	600	325	275	0.8	0.9	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	150	85	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	15,710	8,385	7,330	21.9	23.2	20.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	71,025	35,700	35,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	63,275	31,835	31,435	89.1	89.2	89.0
Movers	7,750	3,860	3,890	10.9	10.8	11.0
Non-migrants	4,345	2,115	2,225	6.1	5.9	6.3
Migrants	3,410	1,745	1,665	4.8	4.9	4.7
Internal migrants	3,195	1,625	1,575	4.5	4.6	4.5
Intraprovincial migrants	3,135	1,575	1,555	4.4	4.4	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	60	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
External migrants	215	125	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	68,015	34,115	33,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	44,690	22,535	22,150	65.7	66.1	65.3
Movers	23,325	11,575	11,750	34.3	33.9	34.7
Non-migrants	9,670	4,765	4,905	14.2	14.0	14.5
Migrants	13,660	6,815	6,845	20.1	20.0	20.2
Internal migrants	12,920	6,340	6,585	19.0	18.6	19.4
Intraprovincial migrants	12,725	6,240	6,485	18.7	18.3	19.1
Interprovincial migrants	195	95	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	740	475	260	1.1	1.4	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	59,380	29,660	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15,990	9,205	6,780	26.9	31.0	22.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	43,390	20,450	22,935	73.1	68.9	77.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	36,140	18,235	17,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,390	4,700	2,690	20.4	25.8	15.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	28,750	13,535	15,215	79.6	74.2	85.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	59,380	29,665	29,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,110	7,775	6,335	23.8	26.2	21.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	12,820	6,175	6,645	21.6	20.8	22.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,455	15,715	16,740	54.7	53.0	56.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	24,700	12,650	12,050	41.6	42.6	40.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,545	7,870	4,675	21.1	26.5	15.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	9,435	5,330	4,110	15.9	18.0	13.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,110	2,545	565	5.2	8.6	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,475	4,160	6,310	17.6	14.0	21.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,680	615	1,065	2.8	2.1	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,755	3,065	4,690	13.1	10.3	15.8
Bachelor's degree	5,255	1,895	3,355	8.8	6.4	11.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	795	365	430	1.3	1.2	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	155	165	0.5	0.5	0.6
Master's degree	1,245	565	680	2.1	1.9	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	140	80	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	36,135	18,235	17,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,075	3,735	2,340	16.8	20.5	13.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,480	3,305	3,175	17.9	18.1	17.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,590	11,200	12,390	65.3	61.4	69.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,620	8,985	8,635	48.8	49.3	48.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,405	5,790	3,615	26.0	31.8	20.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	7,150	3,940	3,205	19.8	21.6	17.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,255	1,850	405	6.2	10.1	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,220	2,860	4,355	20.0	15.7	24.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	995	335	665	2.8	1.8	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,970	2,215	3,755	16.5	12.1	21.0
Bachelor's degree	4,050	1,415	2,635	11.2	7.8	14.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	610	250	370	1.7	1.4	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	100	150	0.7	0.5	0.8
Master's degree	955	390	560	2.6	2.1	3.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	60	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	59,380	29,665	29,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	26,925	13,950	12,980	45.3	47.0	43.7
Education	3,020	595	2,420	5.1	2.0	8.1
13. Education	3,020	595	2,420	5.1	2.0	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	810	280	530	1.4	0.9	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	720	230	490	1.2	0.8	1.6
Humanities	1,405	575	830	2.4	1.9	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	120	20	95	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	785	320	465	1.3	1.1	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	90	75	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	215	65	145	0.4	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,970	470	1,500	3.3	1.6	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	195	65	135	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	660	50	615	1.1	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	300	105	195	0.5	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	0	55	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	400	75	325	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	335	175	160	0.6	0.6	0.5
Business, management and public administration	6,930	2,210	4,720	11.7	7.4	15.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	460	70	390	0.8	0.2	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,465	2,140	4,325	10.9	7.2	14.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	640	325	310	1.1	1.1	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	185	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	155	75	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
40. Physical sciences	135	85	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	675	455	220	1.1	1.5	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	585	425	155	1.0	1.4	0.5
25. Library science	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	8,255	7,760	495	13.9	26.2	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	170	105	65	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	630	540	90	1.1	1.8	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,435	1,305	135	2.4	4.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,075	2,045	30	3.5	6.9	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,055	2,000	55	3.5	6.7	0.2
48. Precision production	1,880	1,765	120	3.2	5.9	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,685	1,115	570	2.8	3.8	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,380	870	510	2.3	2.9	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	305	245	55	0.5	0.8	0.2
Health and related fields	4,450	630	3,820	7.5	2.1	12.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	195	70	125	0.3	0.2	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,125	495	3,630	6.9	1.7	12.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	120	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,605	1,285	1,325	4.4	4.3	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,470	345	1,130	2.5	1.2	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	465	360	100	0.8	1.2	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	655	565	85	1.1	1.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	36,140	18,235	17,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,550	7,035	5,515	34.7	38.6	30.8
Education	1,955	315	1,640	5.4	1.7	9.2
13. Education	1,955	315	1,640	5.4	1.7	9.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	600	205	390	1.7	1.1	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	535	175	360	1.5	1.0	2.0
Humanities	800	350	450	2.2	1.9	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	15	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	440	205	235	1.2	1.1	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	55	40	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	120	35	85	0.3	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,500	290	1,215	4.2	1.6	6.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	50	115	0.5	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	565	30	545	1.6	0.2	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	190	50	145	0.5	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	305	40	265	0.8	0.2	1.5
45. Social sciences	215	115	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	5,305	1,575	3,725	14.7	8.6	20.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	375	45	330	1.0	0.2	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,925	1,525	3,400	13.6	8.4	19.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	180	150	0.9	1.0	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	80	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	540	375	170	1.5	2.1	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	485	370	115	1.3	2.0	0.6
25. Library science	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,020	5,610	415	16.7	30.8	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	125	75	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	510	435	75	1.4	2.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,035	930	105	2.9	5.1	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,455	1,440	20	4.0	7.9	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,520	1,475	50	4.2	8.1	0.3
48. Precision production	1,370	1,265	110	3.8	6.9	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,380	890	490	3.8	4.9	2.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,100	665	440	3.0	3.6	2.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	280	230	55	0.8	1.3	0.3
Health and related fields	3,085	425	2,655	8.5	2.3	14.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	55	95	0.4	0.3	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,830	330	2,500	7.8	1.8	14.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	95	40	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,065	990	1,080	5.7	5.4	6.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,175	245	930	3.3	1.3	5.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	370	285	85	1.0	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	515	450	65	1.4	2.5	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	36,140	18,235	17,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,550	7,035	5,515	34.7	38.6	30.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	23,585	11,200	12,390	65.3	61.4	69.2
Location of study inside Canada	22,910	10,815	12,095	63.4	59.3	67.6
Same as province or territory of residence	22,715	10,705	12,015	62.9	58.7	67.1
Different than province or territory of residence	200	115	80	0.6	0.6	0.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	675	380	295	1.9	2.1	1.6
Americas	205	120	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
United States of America	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuba	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Colombia	60	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Peru	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Europe	265	135	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belgium	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	160	85	75	0.4	0.5	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	155	95	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	75	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asia	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	59,380	29,665	29,715	...	...	...
In the labour force	37,320	19,650	17,665	...	...	...
Employed	35,695	18,835	16,855	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,620	810	810	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	22,065	10,015	12,050	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.8	66.2	59.4	62.8	66.2	59.4
Employment rate	60.1	63.5	56.7	60.1	63.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.1	4.6	4.3	4.1	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	59,380	29,665	29,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	21,450	9,560	11,890	36.1	32.2	40.0
Worked	37,930	20,105	17,825	63.9	67.8	60.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	19,670	11,070	8,605	33.1	37.3	29.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	18,255	9,030	9,225	30.7	30.4	31.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.6	41.8	42.2	42.6	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	37,315	19,650	17,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	205	310	1.4	1.0	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	36,800	19,445	17,360	98.6	99.0	98.2
Employee	31,845	16,490	15,355	85.3	83.9	86.9
Permanent position	27,355	14,285	13,070	73.3	72.7	74.0
Temporary position	4,495	2,205	2,290	12.0	11.2	13.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,245	490	755	3.3	2.5	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,250	1,715	1,540	8.7	8.7	8.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,960	2,955	2,000	13.3	15.0	11.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	37,315	19,650	17,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	205	310	1.4	1.0	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	36,800	19,445	17,360	98.6	99.0	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	640	445	190	1.7	2.3	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,160	1,415	3,745	13.8	7.2	21.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,085	1,565	525	5.6	8.0	3.0
3 Health occupations	2,840	470	2,370	7.6	2.4	13.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,965	895	3,075	10.6	4.6	17.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	750	340	415	2.0	1.7	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	8,875	3,690	5,180	23.8	18.8	29.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,205	6,720	480	19.3	34.2	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,750	1,280	465	4.7	6.5	2.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,535	2,620	920	9.5	13.3	5.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	37,315	19,650	17,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	205	310	1.4	1.0	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	36,800	19,445	17,360	98.6	99.0	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,810	1,290	520	4.9	6.6	2.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	120	105	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
22 Utilities	240	205	30	0.6	1.0	0.2
23 Construction	2,745	2,385	360	7.4	12.1	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,145	5,270	1,875	19.1	26.8	10.6
41 Wholesale trade	1,440	970	470	3.9	4.9	2.7
44-45 Retail trade	4,650	2,135	2,510	12.5	10.9	14.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,270	950	320	3.4	4.8	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	280	190	95	0.8	1.0	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	720	235	485	1.9	1.2	2.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	275	140	135	0.7	0.7	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,825	880	945	4.9	4.5	5.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,195	700	495	3.2	3.6	2.8
61 Educational services	2,470	575	1,895	6.6	2.9	10.7
62 Health care and social assistance	5,195	790	4,405	13.9	4.0	24.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	360	165	190	1.0	0.8	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	2,090	790	1,300	5.6	4.0	7.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,825	1,030	795	4.9	5.2	4.5
91 Public administration	1,130	630	510	3.0	3.2	2.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	39,925	21,110	18,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	225	130	95	0.6	0.6	0.5
French	36,285	18,860	17,430	90.9	89.3	92.6
Non-official language	135	125	15	0.3	0.6	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	125	15	0.3	0.6	0.1
English and French	3,000	1,860	1,140	7.5	8.8	6.1
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	150	80	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	115	50	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	39,925	21,110	18,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	39,520	20,855	18,665	99.0	98.8	99.2
Official languages	39,380	20,720	18,655	98.6	98.2	99.1
English	565	315	255	1.4	1.5	1.4
French	38,810	20,405	18,405	97.2	96.7	97.8
Non-official languages	145	130	15	0.4	0.6	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	130	15	0.4	0.6	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	140	130	15	0.4	0.6	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	125	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	125	125	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	400	255	150	1.0	1.2	0.8
English and French	340	210	130	0.9	1.0	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	39,925	21,110	18,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	37,020	19,350	17,670	92.7	91.7	93.9
English	2,365	1,490	880	5.9	7.1	4.7
French	335	185	150	0.8	0.9	0.8
Non-official language	135	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	35,690	18,835	16,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,485	2,205	2,275	12.6	11.7	13.5
Worked outside Canada	40	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,615	2,745	870	10.1	14.6	5.2
Usual place of work	27,555	13,850	13,705	77.2	73.5	81.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	27,555	13,850	13,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,505	7,315	8,190	56.3	52.8	59.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,740	3,525	3,215	24.5	25.5	23.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,290	2,990	2,305	19.2	21.6	16.8
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	31,170	16,600	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	28,400	15,170	13,230	91.1	91.4	90.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	27,005	14,520	12,475	86.6	87.5	85.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,400	645	750	4.5	3.9	5.1
Public transit	135	80	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Walked	1,685	770	915	5.4	4.6	6.3
Bicycle	310	255	60	1.0	1.5	0.4
Other method	635	325	315	2.0	2.0	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	31,170	16,600	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	16,820	8,405	8,415	54.0	50.6	57.7
15 to 29 minutes	9,195	4,950	4,240	29.5	29.8	29.1
30 to 44 minutes	3,000	1,765	1,235	9.6	10.6	8.5
45 to 59 minutes	1,045	640	410	3.4	3.9	2.8
60 minutes and over	1,110	835	275	3.6	5.0	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	31,170	16,600	14,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,800	1,385	410	5.8	8.3	2.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,825	4,165	1,660	18.7	25.1	11.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,290	5,560	5,730	36.2	33.5	39.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,820	2,315	3,510	18.7	13.9	24.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,160	770	1,390	6.9	4.6	9.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,265	2,395	1,870	13.7	14.4	12.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	14,890	7,690	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,130	1,105	1,030	14.3	14.4	14.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	12,765	6,590	6,175	85.7	85.7	85.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	10,915	5,615	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,800	920	875	16.5	16.4	16.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,345	665	675	12.3	11.8	12.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	455	255	200	4.2	4.5	3.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,115	4,690	4,425	83.5	83.5	83.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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