Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Argenteuil, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	34,752	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	32,389	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	19,600	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	16,223	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	28.1	...	...	28.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,234.69	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	34,750	17,410	17,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,770	2,445	2,320	13.7	14.0	13.4
0 to 4 years	1,535	800	735	4.4	4.6	4.2
5 to 9 years	1,540	800	740	4.4	4.6	4.3
10 to 14 years	1,690	845	845	4.9	4.9	4.9
15 to 64 years	20,855	10,555	10,295	60.0	60.6	59.4
15 to 19 years	1,540	790	745	4.4	4.5	4.3
20 to 24 years	1,345	690	650	3.9	4.0	3.7
25 to 29 years	1,765	930	835	5.1	5.3	4.8
30 to 34 years	1,800	900	900	5.2	5.2	5.2
35 to 39 years	1,770	885	880	5.1	5.1	5.1
40 to 44 years	1,990	980	1,015	5.7	5.6	5.9
45 to 49 years	1,870	945	930	5.4	5.4	5.4
50 to 54 years	2,290	1,145	1,145	6.6	6.6	6.6
55 to 59 years	3,200	1,670	1,530	9.2	9.6	8.8
60 to 64 years	3,280	1,620	1,665	9.4	9.3	9.6
65 years and over	9,135	4,415	4,720	26.3	25.4	27.2
65 to 69 years	3,050	1,575	1,475	8.8	9.0	8.5
70 to 74 years	2,340	1,205	1,130	6.7	6.9	6.5
75 to 79 years	1,820	855	970	5.2	4.9	5.6
80 to 84 years	1,015	420	590	2.9	2.4	3.4
85 years and over	910	355	555	2.6	2.0	3.2
85 to 89 years	585	270	315	1.7	1.6	1.8
90 to 94 years	255	65	185	0.7	0.4	1.1
95 to 99 years	60	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	14.0	13.4	13.7	14.0	13.4
15 to 64 years	60.0	60.6	59.4	60.0	60.6	59.4
65 years and over	26.3	25.4	27.2	26.3	25.4	27.2
85 years and over	2.6	2.0	3.2	2.6	2.0	3.2
Average age of the population	46.9	46.3	47.6	46.9	46.3	47.6
Median age of the population	51.2	50.8	52.0	51.2	50.8	52.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,445	...	...	70.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	385	...	...	2.4	...	...
Row house	205	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,130	...	...	7.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,840	...	...	17.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,875	...	...	36.2	...	...
2 persons	6,240	...	...	38.5	...	...
3 persons	2,075	...	...	12.8	...	...
4 persons	1,290	...	...	8.0	...	...
5 or more persons	745	...	...	4.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	33,860	17,080	16,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	29,985	14,970	15,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	16,650	8,305	8,345	55.5	55.5	55.6
Married	9,245	4,615	4,630	30.8	30.8	30.8
Living common-law	7,405	3,690	3,715	24.7	24.6	24.7
Living common law - Never married	5,555	2,760	2,800	18.5	18.4	18.6
Living common law - Separated	135	75	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	1,515	770	745	5.1	5.1	5.0
Living common law - Widowed	195	85	110	0.7	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	13,330	6,665	6,670	44.5	44.5	44.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	8,075	4,565	3,510	26.9	30.5	23.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	505	290	215	1.7	1.9	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,520	1,200	1,325	8.4	8.0	8.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,235	605	1,625	7.5	4.0	10.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,275	...	...	63.2	...	...
3 persons	1,890	...	...	19.0	...	...
4 persons	1,200	...	...	12.1	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	5.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,195	...	...	82.4	...	...
Married couples	4,500	...	...	45.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,320	...	...	13.3	...	...
Without children	3,170	...	...	31.9	...	...
Common-law couples	3,700	...	...	37.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,705	...	...	17.2	...	...
Without children	1,995	...	...	20.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,740	...	...	17.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,255	...	...	12.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	485	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	33,860	17,075	16,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	26,100	12,960	13,140	77.1	75.9	78.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	16,395	8,185	8,205	48.4	47.9	48.9
Parents in one-parent families	1,740	485	1,260	5.1	2.8	7.5
Children⁶	7,965	4,290	3,675	23.5	25.1	21.9
In a two-parent family	5,395	2,875	2,520	15.9	16.8	15.0
In a one-parent family	2,575	1,420	1,155	7.6	8.3	6.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,760	4,115	3,640	22.9	24.1	21.7
Living alone	5,875	3,160	2,715	17.4	18.5	16.2
Living with other relatives⁷	745	340	405	2.2	2.0	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	1,145	615	525	3.4	3.6	3.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	16,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,085	...	...	56.0	...	...
Couple-family households	7,655	...	...	47.2	...	...
With children⁶	2,825	...	...	17.4	...	...
Without children	4,830	...	...	29.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,425	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	230	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	55	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	425	...	...	2.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	555	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	5,875	...	...	36.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	29,095	14,635	14,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,420	14,275	14,145	97.7	97.5	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,000	32,000	35,600	40,000	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,425	14,280	14,145	97.7	97.6	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,600	29,400	32,400	35,600	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,255	12,480	11,770	83.4	85.3	81.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,200	34,000	23,200	28,200	34,000	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,640	9,885	8,755	64.1	67.5	60.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	34,800	26,000	30,200	34,800	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,445	11,980	12,470	84.0	81.9	86.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	13,000	14,000	13,600	13,000	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,795	2,060	1,735	13.0	14.1	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	5,760	5,480	5,560	5,760	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,980	4,305	3,670	27.4	29.4	25.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,000	8,000	7,500	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	29,065	14,640	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,325	14,260	14,065	97.5	97.4	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	48,360	39,560	44,000	48,360	39,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,325	14,260	14,065	97.5	97.4	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,080	39,960	34,160	37,080	39,960	34,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,095	12,405	11,695	82.9	84.7	81.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,680	42,840	32,200	37,680	42,840	32,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,625	9,925	8,700	64.1	67.8	60.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,440	42,120	34,280	38,440	42,120	34,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,420	11,990	12,430	84.0	81.9	86.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,840	13,180	14,480	13,840	13,180	14,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,950	2,145	1,805	13.6	14.7	12.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,580	6,450	6,740	6,580	6,450	6,740
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,150	4,430	3,720	28.0	30.3	25.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,290	7,890	8,760	8,290	7,890	8,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	29,065	14,640	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,295	4,460	3,830	28.5	30.5	26.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	56,000	45,200	50,400	56,000	45,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,000	63,900	51,160	58,000	63,900	51,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,605	3,825	3,775	26.2	26.1	26.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	22,200	16,400	18,800	22,200	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,960	28,880	23,020	25,960	28,880	23,020
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.8	77.0	67.6	72.8	77.0	67.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.5	60.6	53.6	57.5	60.6	53.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.2	22.9	32.3	27.2	22.9	32.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	5.8	7.1	6.4	5.8	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.4	5.1	5.9	5.4	5.1	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	29,095	14,635	14,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	675	355	315	2.3	2.4	2.2
With total income	28,425	14,280	14,150	97.7	97.6	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,920	785	1,135	6.8	5.5	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	4,020	1,685	2,340	14.1	11.8	16.5
$20,000 to $29,999	5,680	2,605	3,080	20.0	18.2	21.8
$30,000 to $39,999	4,340	2,055	2,280	15.3	14.4	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	3,605	1,790	1,805	12.7	12.5	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,670	1,450	1,220	9.4	10.2	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,975	1,180	790	6.9	8.3	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,270	795	475	4.5	5.6	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	970	590	385	3.4	4.1	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	610	380	230	2.1	2.7	1.6
$100,000 and over	1,375	960	415	4.8	6.7	2.9
$100,000 to $149,999	995	680	315	3.5	4.8	2.2
$150,000 and over	375	280	95	1.3	2.0	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	29,095	14,635	14,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	670	355	315	2.3	2.4	2.2
With after-tax income	28,425	14,280	14,150	97.7	97.6	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,075	835	1,235	7.3	5.8	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	4,215	1,770	2,445	14.8	12.4	17.3
$20,000 to $29,999	6,695	3,105	3,585	23.6	21.7	25.3
$30,000 to $39,999	5,065	2,525	2,545	17.8	17.7	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	4,025	2,165	1,865	14.2	15.2	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,690	1,590	1,100	9.5	11.1	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,565	935	625	5.5	6.5	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	900	525	370	3.2	3.7	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	440	300	145	1.5	2.1	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	255	160	95	0.9	1.1	0.7
$100,000 and over	500	370	130	1.8	2.6	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	270	200	75	0.9	1.4	0.5
$125,000 and over	230	175	60	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	29,095	14,635	14,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,455	4,755	5,705	35.9	32.5	39.5
With employment income	18,640	9,880	8,755	64.1	67.5	60.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,990	1,565	1,425	16.0	15.8	16.3
$5,000 to $9,999	1,535	700	840	8.2	7.1	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,565	1,165	1,395	13.8	11.8	15.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,195	1,040	1,155	11.8	10.5	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,050	995	1,060	11.0	10.1	12.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,845	950	895	9.9	9.6	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,430	835	600	7.7	8.5	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,150	740	415	6.2	7.5	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	770	485	285	4.1	4.9	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	775	465	305	4.2	4.7	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	385	270	115	2.1	2.7	1.3
$100,000 and over	945	680	265	5.1	6.9	3.0
$100,000 to $124,999	515	355	160	2.8	3.6	1.8
$125,000 and over	425	320	105	2.3	3.2	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	29,095	14,635	14,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,050	14,120	13,930	96.4	96.5	96.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,800	28,600	33,200	38,800	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,070	14,125	13,945	96.5	96.5	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	34,400	26,400	30,000	34,400	26,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,045	12,405	11,640	82.6	84.8	80.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	35,600	24,400	29,600	35,600	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,885	10,005	8,880	64.9	68.4	61.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	36,400	26,800	31,200	36,400	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,380	10,775	11,600	76.9	73.6	80.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,000	10,900	10,000	9,000	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,350	1,880	1,475	11.5	12.8	10.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760	5,000	4,400	4,760	5,000	4,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	29,065	14,640	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,965	14,065	13,905	96.2	96.1	96.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,320	46,520	36,080	41,320	46,520	36,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,975	14,075	13,905	96.2	96.1	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,760	38,280	31,160	34,760	38,280	31,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,840	12,255	11,585	82.0	83.7	80.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,360	44,400	31,960	38,360	44,400	31,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,820	10,000	8,820	64.8	68.3	61.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,040	43,680	33,800	39,040	43,680	33,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,285	10,675	11,620	76.7	72.9	80.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,810	10,290	11,280	10,810	10,290	11,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,460	1,920	1,540	11.9	13.1	10.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,175	5,780	6,670	6,175	5,780	6,670
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	29,065	14,640	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,220	4,450	3,770	28.3	30.4	26.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	55,600	41,600	48,000	55,600	41,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,800	60,950	47,600	54,800	60,950	47,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,180	3,640	3,540	24.7	24.9	24.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	27,600	20,800	23,600	27,600	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,320	35,640	26,920	31,320	35,640	26,920
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.2	83.2	73.8	79.2	83.2	73.8
Employment income (%)	63.6	66.8	59.5	63.6	66.8	59.5
Government transfers (%)	20.8	16.8	26.2	20.8	16.8	26.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	16,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,400	...	...	30,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	16,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,700	...	...	64,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,865	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,200	...	...	42,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,760	...	...	35,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...	96,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,100	...	...	81,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	310	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	440	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,160	...	...	7.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	815	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	755	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	875	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	900	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	780	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,455	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,305	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,170	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,005	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	905	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,070	...	...	25.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,730	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	935	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	885	...	...	5.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	520	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	205	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	315	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	460	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,230	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,005	...	...	6.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	885	...	...	5.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	985	...	...	6.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,030	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	895	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,725	...	...	10.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,535	...	...	9.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,245	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,120	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	895	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,570	...	...	15.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,280	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	645	...	...	4.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	645	...	...	4.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,950	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,060	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,670	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	7,015	3,775	3,240	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	35,600	29,400	32,400	35,600	29,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,800	31,600	27,800	29,800	31,600	27,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,100	...	...	81,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,900	...	...	90,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,100	...	...	75,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,700	...	...	102,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,600	...	...	66,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,700	...	...	58,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	7,020	3,775	3,245	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,920	43,440	38,040	40,920	43,440	38,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,840	36,240	33,240	34,840	36,240	33,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	33,860	17,080	16,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,740	2,950	2,790	17.0	17.3	16.6
0 to 5 years	1,835	960	870	5.4	5.6	5.2
18 to 64 years	19,715	9,950	9,765	58.2	58.3	58.2
65 years and over	8,405	4,180	4,230	24.8	24.5	25.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,295	2,560	2,740	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	855	455	400	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	285	145	140	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,595	1,300	1,290	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,845	805	1,040	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.0	16.3	15.6	15.0	16.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.3	14.5	14.9	15.3	14.5
0 to 5 years (%)	15.4	15.0	15.8	15.4	15.0	15.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	13.1	13.2	13.2	13.1	13.2
65 years and over (%)	22.0	19.3	24.6	22.0	19.3	24.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	33,860	17,075	16,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,740	2,950	2,790	17.0	17.3	16.6
0 to 5 years	1,835	965	870	5.4	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years	19,710	9,950	9,765	58.2	58.3	58.2
65 years and over	8,410	4,180	4,230	24.8	24.5	25.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,230	675	555	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	155	95	65	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	30	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	950	525	420	...	...	...
65 years and over	130	55	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	4.0	3.3	3.6	4.0	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	3.2	2.2	2.7	3.2	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.2	2.6	2.8	2.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.3	4.3	4.8	5.3	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.4	1.7	1.5	1.4	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	33,860	17,080	16,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	22,465	11,205	11,260	66.3	65.6	67.1
In bottom decile	4,510	2,225	2,280	13.3	13.0	13.6
In second decile	5,075	2,435	2,645	15.0	14.3	15.8
In third decile	4,725	2,360	2,365	14.0	13.8	14.1
In fourth decile	4,235	2,140	2,100	12.5	12.5	12.5
In fifth decile	3,925	2,050	1,875	11.6	12.0	11.2
In top half of the distribution	11,400	5,870	5,525	33.7	34.4	32.9
In sixth decile	3,440	1,745	1,690	10.2	10.2	10.1
In seventh decile	2,885	1,490	1,390	8.5	8.7	8.3
In eighth decile	2,250	1,170	1,080	6.6	6.9	6.4
In ninth decile	1,730	895	835	5.1	5.2	5.0
In top decile	1,090	565	525	3.2	3.3	3.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	33,860	...	...	33,860	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.306	...	...	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.476	...	...	0.476	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.264	...	...	0.264	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	34,435	17,290	17,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,960	960	1,005	5.7	5.6	5.9
French only	15,220	7,275	7,945	44.2	42.1	46.3
English and French	17,215	9,040	8,180	50.0	52.3	47.7
Neither English nor French	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	34,435	17,290	17,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,595	2,820	2,780	16.2	16.3	16.2
French	28,410	14,245	14,165	82.5	82.4	82.6
English and French	405	210	190	1.2	1.2	1.1
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	34,435	17,290	17,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	33,410	16,775	16,635	97.0	97.0	97.0
Official languages	32,680	16,395	16,285	94.9	94.8	95.0
English	4,975	2,515	2,465	14.4	14.5	14.4
French	27,705	13,880	13,820	80.5	80.3	80.6
Non-official languages	730	385	350	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	730	385	345	2.1	2.2	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	550	305	250	1.6	1.8	1.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	115	65	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
German	75	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	250	140	110	0.7	0.8	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	75	50	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Portuguese	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	120	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,025	510	515	3.0	2.9	3.0
English and French	885	440	450	2.6	2.5	2.6
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	34,435	17,290	17,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,675	2,365	2,310	13.6	13.7	13.5
French	26,440	13,265	13,175	76.8	76.7	76.8
Non-official language	170	75	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	170	75	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	2,605	1,290	1,315	7.6	7.5	7.7
English and non-official language(s)	140	75	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	240	130	115	0.7	0.8	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	34,435	17,290	17,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	33,555	16,845	16,710	97.4	97.4	97.5
Official languages	33,310	16,730	16,580	96.7	96.8	96.7
English	5,540	2,805	2,735	16.1	16.2	16.0
French	27,775	13,930	13,845	80.7	80.6	80.8
Non-official languages	250	120	130	0.7	0.7	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	250	120	130	0.7	0.7	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	185	90	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	5	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	875	440	435	2.5	2.5	2.5
English and French	735	365	370	2.1	2.1	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	34,435	17,290	17,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	32,105	16,120	15,980	93.2	93.2	93.2
English	1,215	605	610	3.5	3.5	3.6
French	770	385	385	2.2	2.2	2.2
Non-official language	160	85	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	80	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	33,865	17,100	16,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	33,835	17,080	16,750	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	18,915	9,940	8,980	55.9	58.1	53.6
French	31,890	16,145	15,750	94.2	94.4	93.9
Non-official languages	1,505	830	680	4.4	4.9	4.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,505	830	675	4.4	4.9	4.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	85	40	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,250	705	545	3.7	4.1	3.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	165	95	70	0.5	0.6	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	90	70	0.5	0.5	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	65	25	0.3	0.4	0.1
Russian	65	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	245	140	110	0.7	0.8	0.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	200	120	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
German	175	110	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	825	445	375	2.4	2.6	2.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	140	85	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Portuguese	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Spanish	645	310	335	1.9	1.8	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,860	17,100	16,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	805	380	435	2.4	2.2	2.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	740	340	400	2.2	2.0	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	475	215	265	1.4	1.3	1.6
Métis	230	110	120	0.7	0.6	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	65	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	33,055	16,725	16,330	97.6	97.8	97.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,860	17,100	16,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,730	17,030	16,695	99.6	99.6	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	11,165	...	...	68.8	...	...
Renter	5,055	...	...	31.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	830	...	...	5.1	...	...
Not condominium	15,395	...	...	94.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,895	...	...	11.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,965	...	...	36.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,600	...	...	34.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,730	...	...	16.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,665	...	...	28.8	...	...
5 rooms	2,900	...	...	17.9	...	...
6 rooms	2,575	...	...	15.9	...	...
7 rooms	2,185	...	...	13.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,895	...	...	24.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,150	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	15,770	...	...	97.2	...	...
Not suitable	455	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,950	...	...	30.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,445	...	...	27.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,555	...	...	9.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,345	...	...	8.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	675	...	...	4.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,235	...	...	7.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	885	...	...	5.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,135	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	15,005	...	...	92.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,215	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	9,330	...	...	57.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,540	...	...	40.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	355	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	16,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	370	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,790	...	...	11.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,095	...	...	12.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,485	...	...	15.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,895	...	...	24.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,420	...	...	21.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,780	...	...	11.0	...	...
85 years and over	400	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	16,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,595	...	...	85.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,405	...	...	15.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,220	...	...	13.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	16,220	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,760	...	...	23.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,165	...	...	13.3	...	...
Not suitable only	350	...	...	2.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	945	...	...	5.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	200	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	12,460	...	...	76.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	15,815	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	685	...	...	4.3	...	...
Not in core need	15,130	...	...	95.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,010	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.8	...	...	57.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.2	...	...	10.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	928	...	...	928	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	282,000	...	...	282,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,045	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.5	...	...	25.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	720	...	...	720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	747	...	...	747	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	33,860	17,095	16,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	640	315	330	1.9	1.8	2.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	630	305	320	1.9	1.8	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	515	250	265	1.5	1.5	1.6
Métis single ancestry	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,150	495	655	3.4	2.9	3.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,150	495	655	3.4	2.9	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,055	465	595	3.1	2.7	3.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	32,065	16,285	15,780	94.7	95.3	94.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	33,860	17,100	16,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	33,575	16,965	16,615	99.2	99.2	99.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,710	2,935	2,775	16.9	17.2	16.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	27,870	14,025	13,845	82.3	82.0	82.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	285	135	145	0.8	0.8	0.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	33,860	17,100	16,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	32,655	16,420	16,230	96.4	96.0	96.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,170	655	515	3.5	3.8	3.1
Before 1980	435	255	180	1.3	1.5	1.1
1980 to 1990	165	100	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
1991 to 2000	180	105	80	0.5	0.6	0.5
2001 to 2010	265	135	125	0.8	0.8	0.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	130	60	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
2011 to 2015	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
2016 to 2021	70	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,170	660	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	175	105	65	15.0	15.9	12.7
5 to 14 years	200	125	75	17.1	18.9	14.7
15 to 24 years	235	110	125	20.1	16.7	24.5
25 to 44 years	480	270	215	41.0	40.9	42.2
45 years and over	80	50	25	6.8	7.6	4.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,170	660	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	190	80	105	16.2	12.1	20.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	40	15	25	3.4	2.3	4.9
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
United States of America	65	35	35	5.6	5.3	6.9
Other places of birth in Americas	40	0	35	3.4	0.0	6.9
Europe	735	445	290	62.8	67.4	56.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	240	130	115	20.5	19.7	22.5
Germany	65	40	20	5.6	6.1	3.9
Greece	25	15	10	2.1	2.3	2.0
Hungary	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Italy	30	25	0	2.6	3.8	0.0
Netherlands	15	10	0	1.3	1.5	0.0
Poland	55	35	20	4.7	5.3	3.9
Portugal	20	10	10	1.7	1.5	2.0
Romania	30	20	10	2.6	3.0	2.0
Russian Federation	20	10	0	1.7	1.5	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	35	25	5.6	5.3	4.9
Other places of birth in Europe	155	105	50	13.2	15.9	9.8
Africa	90	45	45	7.7	6.8	8.8
Algeria	20	10	10	1.7	1.5	2.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	15	15	2.1	2.3	2.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	25	3.0	2.3	4.9
Asia	145	70	70	12.4	10.6	13.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	15	0	1.3	2.3	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	10	2.1	1.5	2.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	55	30	30	4.7	4.5	5.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	20	2.1	0.0	3.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75	30	40	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	13.3	33.3	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	10	20	33.3	33.3	50.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	20	26.7	0.0	50.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	15	15	40.0	50.0	37.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	33,865	17,100	16,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,275	710	565	3.8	4.2	3.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,465	810	650	4.3	4.7	3.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	31,120	15,575	15,540	91.9	91.1	92.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	735	400	335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	420	245	175	57.1	61.3	52.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	195	135	60	26.5	33.8	17.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	225	110	110	30.6	27.5	32.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	220	100	120	29.9	25.0	35.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	50	45	12.2	12.5	13.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	735	400	335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	40	20	25	5.4	5.0	7.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	90	55	35	12.2	13.8	10.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	3.4	3.8	3.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10	2.7	2.5	3.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	10	0	2.0	2.5	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	545	295	255	74.1	73.8	76.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	33,860	17,100	16,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	440	200	240	1.3	1.2	1.4
South Asian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	90	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Black	165	80	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Filipino	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arab	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southeast Asian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	33,415	16,895	16,525	98.7	98.8	98.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	33,860	17,100	16,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	12,610	6,355	6,255	37.2	37.2	37.3
English	1,680	865	820	5.0	5.1	4.9
Irish	3,115	1,575	1,545	9.2	9.2	9.2
Scottish	2,005	955	1,050	5.9	5.6	6.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,035	3,885	4,150	23.7	22.7	24.8
German	725	365	355	2.1	2.1	2.1
Chinese	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italian	650	365	280	1.9	2.1	1.7
Indian (India)	70	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	195	105	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Dutch	155	85	70	0.5	0.5	0.4
Polish	225	115	105	0.7	0.7	0.6
Québécois	4,635	2,340	2,295	13.7	13.7	13.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	200	120	75	0.6	0.7	0.4
Filipino	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	2,355	1,115	1,240	7.0	6.5	7.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	925	500	430	2.7	2.9	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	745	315	430	2.2	1.8	2.6
Métis	180	85	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	410	210	205	1.2	1.2	1.2
Russian	115	40	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Norwegian	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Welsh	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	165	75	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Spanish	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Acadian	200	85	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	75	55	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	90	60	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	320	165	155	0.9	1.0	0.9
Danish	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	245	125	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belgian	235	145	90	0.7	0.8	0.5
Haitian	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	170	85	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	105	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	180	95	85	0.5	0.6	0.5
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	60	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latvian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	65	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	110	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	110	60	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Norman	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	33,860	17,100	16,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	24,330	11,945	12,385	71.9	69.9	73.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,095	525	575	3.2	3.1	3.4
Anabaptist	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anglican	520	235	285	1.5	1.4	1.7
Baptist	190	85	105	0.6	0.5	0.6
Catholic	20,860	10,305	10,555	61.6	60.3	63.0
Christian Orthodox	130	75	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	185	85	105	0.5	0.5	0.6
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Presbyterian	180	85	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	355	135	220	1.0	0.8	1.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	735	375	360	2.2	2.2	2.1
Hindu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Muslim	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	130	65	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	9,250	5,000	4,250	27.3	29.2	25.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	33,535	16,965	16,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	28,965	14,675	14,290	86.4	86.5	86.2
Movers	4,575	2,290	2,285	13.6	13.5	13.8
Non-migrants	1,545	765	785	4.6	4.5	4.7
Migrants	3,025	1,525	1,500	9.0	9.0	9.1
Internal migrants	2,990	1,510	1,485	8.9	8.9	9.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,800	1,420	1,380	8.3	8.4	8.3
Interprovincial migrants	195	90	105	0.6	0.5	0.6
External migrants	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	32,290	16,265	16,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,780	9,695	9,085	58.2	59.6	56.7
Movers	13,505	6,570	6,940	41.8	40.4	43.3
Non-migrants	3,555	1,700	1,855	11.0	10.5	11.6
Migrants	9,960	4,875	5,085	30.8	30.0	31.7
Internal migrants	9,835	4,820	5,015	30.5	29.6	31.3
Intraprovincial migrants	9,225	4,530	4,690	28.6	27.9	29.3
Interprovincial migrants	610	290	320	1.9	1.8	2.0
External migrants	125	50	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,065	14,640	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,315	4,730	3,580	28.6	32.3	24.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,750	9,910	10,845	71.4	67.7	75.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,830	9,035	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,135	2,615	1,525	23.2	28.9	17.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,695	6,420	7,275	76.8	71.1	82.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,060	14,640	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,295	3,985	3,315	25.1	27.2	23.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,690	3,755	3,935	26.5	25.6	27.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,080	6,905	7,180	48.5	47.2	49.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,020	5,705	5,320	37.9	39.0	36.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,995	3,530	2,470	20.6	24.1	17.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,445	2,330	2,115	15.3	15.9	14.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,555	1,200	355	5.4	8.2	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,300	1,890	2,410	14.8	12.9	16.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	725	285	440	2.5	1.9	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,055	1,200	1,860	10.5	8.2	12.9
Bachelor's degree	2,165	775	1,395	7.5	5.3	9.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	280	115	160	1.0	0.8	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	475	230	235	1.6	1.6	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,835	9,035	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,435	2,090	1,340	19.3	23.1	15.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,345	2,185	2,160	24.4	24.2	24.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,055	4,755	5,300	56.4	52.6	60.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,015	4,080	3,935	44.9	45.2	44.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,525	2,610	1,910	25.4	28.9	21.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,410	1,740	1,670	19.1	19.3	19.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,120	870	245	6.3	9.6	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,065	1,295	1,775	17.2	14.3	20.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	430	175	250	2.4	1.9	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,040	675	1,360	11.4	7.5	15.5
Bachelor's degree	1,505	450	1,055	8.4	5.0	12.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	60	95	0.9	0.7	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	300	125	170	1.7	1.4	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	29,060	14,635	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,985	7,740	7,245	51.6	52.9	50.2
Education	1,035	255	785	3.6	1.7	5.4
13. Education	1,035	255	785	3.6	1.7	5.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	460	200	265	1.6	1.4	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	60	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	390	140	250	1.3	1.0	1.7
Humanities	640	255	390	2.2	1.7	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	90	25	65	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	300	150	150	1.0	1.0	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	105	15	90	0.4	0.1	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,045	295	750	3.6	2.0	5.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	335	10	320	1.2	0.1	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	150	70	85	0.5	0.5	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	140	35	105	0.5	0.2	0.7
45. Social sciences	305	135	170	1.0	0.9	1.2
Business, management and public administration	2,780	715	2,065	9.6	4.9	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	25	150	0.6	0.2	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,600	690	1,910	8.9	4.7	13.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	255	115	145	0.9	0.8	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	20	60	0.3	0.1	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	65	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	305	210	95	1.0	1.4	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	245	180	65	0.8	1.2	0.5
25. Library science	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,660	3,405	255	12.6	23.3	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	95	60	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	270	225	45	0.9	1.5	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	595	550	45	2.0	3.8	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	825	805	20	2.8	5.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,180	1,105	80	4.1	7.6	0.6
48. Precision production	690	655	35	2.4	4.5	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	530	345	180	1.8	2.4	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	380	210	170	1.3	1.4	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	135	15	0.5	0.9	0.1
Health and related fields	1,910	300	1,610	6.6	2.0	11.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,800	250	1,555	6.2	1.7	10.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,450	810	640	5.0	5.5	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	685	175	515	2.4	1.2	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	235	170	65	0.8	1.2	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	525	460	65	1.8	3.1	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,835	9,035	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,780	4,280	3,500	43.6	47.4	39.8
Education	630	135	495	3.5	1.5	5.6
13. Education	630	135	495	3.5	1.5	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360	145	210	2.0	1.6	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	305	110	200	1.7	1.2	2.3
Humanities	430	155	275	2.4	1.7	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	70	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	215	90	125	1.2	1.0	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	15	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	765	140	620	4.3	1.5	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	270	0	270	1.5	0.0	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	95	25	70	0.5	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	110	25	80	0.6	0.3	0.9
45. Social sciences	215	70	150	1.2	0.8	1.7
Business, management and public administration	1,915	405	1,515	10.7	4.5	17.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	10	120	0.7	0.1	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,780	395	1,390	10.0	4.4	15.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	65	90	0.8	0.7	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	140	55	1.1	1.5	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	130	45	1.0	1.4	0.5
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,685	2,470	210	15.1	27.3	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	190	155	30	1.1	1.7	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	435	395	45	2.4	4.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	575	560	15	3.2	6.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	920	850	70	5.2	9.4	0.8
48. Precision production	500	475	25	2.8	5.3	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	405	255	155	2.3	2.8	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	290	150	135	1.6	1.7	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	100	15	0.6	1.1	0.2
Health and related fields	1,370	205	1,170	7.7	2.3	13.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,295	165	1,130	7.3	1.8	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,140	640	505	6.4	7.1	5.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	530	115	410	3.0	1.3	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	175	135	40	1.0	1.5	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	435	385	50	2.4	4.3	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,835	9,035	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,780	4,280	3,500	43.6	47.4	39.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	10,055	4,760	5,295	56.4	52.7	60.2
Location of study inside Canada	9,755	4,615	5,145	54.7	51.1	58.5
Same as province or territory of residence	8,935	4,235	4,695	50.1	46.9	53.4
Different than province or territory of residence	830	375	450	4.7	4.2	5.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	300	145	155	1.7	1.6	1.8
Americas	50	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
United States of America	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	205	110	95	1.1	1.2	1.1
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	100	45	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	29,060	14,640	14,425	...	...	...
In the labour force	16,250	8,610	7,640	...	...	...
Employed	14,880	7,870	7,010	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,370	740	640	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	12,810	6,030	6,785	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.9	58.8	53.0	55.9	58.8	53.0
Employment rate	51.2	53.8	48.6	51.2	53.8	48.6
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.6	8.4	8.4	8.6	8.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	29,060	14,635	14,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,410	5,890	6,520	42.7	40.2	45.2
Worked	16,655	8,745	7,905	57.3	59.8	54.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,590	4,645	3,940	29.6	31.7	27.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,065	4,100	3,965	27.8	28.0	27.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.4	41.1	41.3	41.4	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,255	8,610	7,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	365	195	170	2.2	2.3	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	15,885	8,420	7,465	97.7	97.8	97.7
Employee	13,375	6,965	6,410	82.3	80.9	83.9
Permanent position	11,625	6,080	5,550	71.5	70.6	72.6
Temporary position	1,740	880	855	10.7	10.2	11.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	370	145	225	2.3	1.7	2.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,375	740	630	8.5	8.6	8.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,510	1,455	1,060	15.4	16.9	13.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,255	8,610	7,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	365	195	170	2.2	2.3	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	15,885	8,420	7,465	97.7	97.8	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	305	220	85	1.9	2.6	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,100	495	1,605	12.9	5.7	21.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	655	510	150	4.0	5.9	2.0
3 Health occupations	1,060	135	920	6.5	1.6	12.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,560	390	1,170	9.6	4.5	15.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	325	150	175	2.0	1.7	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	3,890	1,465	2,420	23.9	17.0	31.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,965	3,610	350	24.4	41.9	4.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	660	490	170	4.1	5.7	2.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,355	945	410	8.3	11.0	5.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,255	8,610	7,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	365	195	170	2.2	2.3	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	15,885	8,420	7,465	97.7	97.8	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	480	290	190	3.0	3.4	2.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	215	170	45	1.3	2.0	0.6
22 Utilities	105	95	10	0.6	1.1	0.1
23 Construction	1,665	1,425	235	10.2	16.6	3.1
31-33 Manufacturing	2,465	1,810	655	15.2	21.0	8.6
41 Wholesale trade	430	275	160	2.6	3.2	2.1
44-45 Retail trade	1,990	885	1,110	12.2	10.3	14.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,030	710	315	6.3	8.2	4.1
51 Information and cultural industries	190	105	85	1.2	1.2	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	215	60	155	1.3	0.7	2.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	80	60	0.9	0.9	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	775	350	425	4.8	4.1	5.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	650	415	230	4.0	4.8	3.0
61 Educational services	930	240	690	5.7	2.8	9.0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,915	265	1,650	11.8	3.1	21.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	350	220	135	2.2	2.6	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	885	265	625	5.4	3.1	8.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	790	425	370	4.9	4.9	4.8
91 Public administration	635	315	320	3.9	3.7	4.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	17,665	9,295	8,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,135	670	470	6.4	7.2	5.6
French	11,070	5,760	5,310	62.7	62.0	63.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	5,385	2,825	2,560	30.5	30.4	30.6
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	17,665	9,295	8,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,605	8,780	7,825	94.0	94.5	93.5
Official languages	16,600	8,780	7,820	94.0	94.5	93.4
English	2,210	1,270	930	12.5	13.7	11.1
French	14,395	7,505	6,890	81.5	80.7	82.3
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,060	515	545	6.0	5.5	6.5
English and French	1,055	510	545	6.0	5.5	6.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	17,665	9,295	8,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,255	6,935	6,320	75.0	74.6	75.5
English	3,300	1,725	1,570	18.7	18.6	18.8
French	1,050	595	455	5.9	6.4	5.4
Non-official language	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	14,880	7,870	7,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,025	925	1,105	13.6	11.8	15.8
Worked outside Canada	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	1,990	1,565	425	13.4	19.9	6.1
Usual place of work	10,830	5,360	5,470	72.8	68.1	78.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,830	5,360	5,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,175	1,470	1,700	29.3	27.4	31.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,320	945	1,375	21.4	17.6	25.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,380	2,490	1,890	40.4	46.5	34.6
Commute to a different province or territory	960	455	510	8.9	8.5	9.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	12,820	6,925	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	12,045	6,560	5,490	94.0	94.7	93.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,345	6,190	5,160	88.5	89.4	87.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	705	370	330	5.5	5.3	5.6
Public transit	75	30	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
Walked	440	200	245	3.4	2.9	4.2
Bicycle	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other method	230	115	115	1.8	1.7	2.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	12,820	6,925	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,435	2,080	2,355	34.6	30.0	39.9
15 to 29 minutes	3,365	1,655	1,710	26.2	23.9	29.0
30 to 44 minutes	2,305	1,350	955	18.0	19.5	16.2
45 to 59 minutes	1,230	780	450	9.6	11.3	7.6
60 minutes and over	1,485	1,060	420	11.6	15.3	7.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	12,820	6,925	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,590	1,180	410	12.4	17.0	7.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,960	1,920	1,040	23.1	27.7	17.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,315	1,540	1,775	25.9	22.2	30.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,960	710	1,250	15.3	10.3	21.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,055	365	690	8.2	5.3	11.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,935	1,215	720	15.1	17.5	12.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,860	3,015	2,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,445	750	695	24.7	24.9	24.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,415	2,265	2,150	75.3	75.1	75.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,225	2,155	2,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,035	530	505	24.5	24.6	24.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	840	430	410	19.9	20.0	19.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	95	95	4.7	4.4	4.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,190	1,620	1,570	75.5	75.2	75.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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