Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	AlmaMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,274	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,490^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 5.7	...	...	- 5.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,987	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,533	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,272.2	...	...	1,272.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15.94	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,275	9,830	10,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,915	1,470	1,440	14.4	15.0	13.8
0 to 4 years	805	400	410	4.0	4.1	3.9
5 to 9 years	955	500	460	4.7	5.1	4.4
10 to 14 years	1,145	580	570	5.6	5.9	5.5
15 to 64 years	11,930	6,010	5,920	58.8	61.1	56.7
15 to 19 years	1,060	515	545	5.2	5.2	5.2
20 to 24 years	970	525	445	4.8	5.3	4.3
25 to 29 years	955	490	465	4.7	5.0	4.4
30 to 34 years	970	490	475	4.8	5.0	4.5
35 to 39 years	1,055	550	505	5.2	5.6	4.8
40 to 44 years	1,235	625	605	6.1	6.4	5.8
45 to 49 years	1,045	520	525	5.2	5.3	5.0
50 to 54 years	1,045	540	515	5.2	5.5	4.9
55 to 59 years	1,665	805	860	8.2	8.2	8.2
60 to 64 years	1,925	940	980	9.5	9.6	9.4
65 years and over	5,435	2,345	3,085	26.8	23.9	29.5
65 to 69 years	1,605	785	820	7.9	8.0	7.8
70 to 74 years	1,270	590	685	6.3	6.0	6.6
75 to 79 years	1,020	435	585	5.0	4.4	5.6
80 to 84 years	725	280	450	3.6	2.8	4.3
85 years and over	815	260	555	4.0	2.6	5.3
85 to 89 years	445	155	290	2.2	1.6	2.8
90 to 94 years	300	90	210	1.5	0.9	2.0
95 to 99 years	50	15	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	15.0	13.8	14.4	15.0	13.8
15 to 64 years	58.8	61.1	56.7	58.8	61.1	56.7
65 years and over	26.8	23.9	29.5	26.8	23.9	29.5
85 years and over	4.0	2.6	5.3	4.0	2.6	5.3
Average age of the population	46.7	45.1	48.2	46.7	45.1	48.2
Median age of the population	49.6	47.2	52.0	49.6	47.2	52.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,155	...	...	43.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	765	...	...	8.0	...	...
Row house	210	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,425	...	...	15.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,845	...	...	29.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	115	...	...	1.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,535	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,745	...	...	39.3	...	...
2 persons	3,510	...	...	36.8	...	...
3 persons	1,040	...	...	10.9	...	...
4 persons	820	...	...	8.6	...	...
5 or more persons	420	...	...	4.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,410	9,570	9,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,360	8,355	9,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,560	4,740	4,820	55.1	56.7	53.5
Married	5,085	2,520	2,570	29.3	30.2	28.5
Living common-law	4,475	2,225	2,255	25.8	26.6	25.0
Living common law - Never married	3,430	1,710	1,715	19.8	20.5	19.0
Living common law - Separated	60	30	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	850	425	430	4.9	5.1	4.8
Living common law - Widowed	140	60	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Not married and not living common-law	7,805	3,615	4,190	45.0	43.3	46.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,045	2,740	2,310	29.1	32.8	25.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	235	105	135	1.4	1.3	1.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,410	570	845	8.1	6.8	9.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,110	205	905	6.4	2.5	10.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,420	...	...	61.5	...	...
3 persons	975	...	...	17.5	...	...
4 persons	795	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	375	...	...	6.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,645	...	...	83.5	...	...
Married couples	2,405	...	...	43.2	...	...
With children⁶	655	...	...	11.8	...	...
Without children	1,750	...	...	31.4	...	...
Common-law couples	2,240	...	...	40.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,120	...	...	20.1	...	...
Without children	1,120	...	...	20.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	915	...	...	16.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	650	...	...	11.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	265	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,410	9,570	9,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,915	7,360	7,555	76.8	76.9	76.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,290	4,625	4,665	47.9	48.3	47.4
Parents in one-parent families	920	270	650	4.7	2.8	6.6
Children⁶	4,710	2,465	2,245	24.3	25.8	22.8
In a two-parent family	3,310	1,720	1,595	17.1	18.0	16.2
In a one-parent family	1,395	750	645	7.2	7.8	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,495	2,210	2,285	23.2	23.1	23.2
Living alone	3,745	1,765	1,980	19.3	18.4	20.1
Living with other relatives⁷	330	165	160	1.7	1.7	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	420	280	140	2.2	2.9	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,535	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,385	...	...	56.5	...	...
Couple-family households	4,525	...	...	47.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,735	...	...	18.2	...	...
Without children	2,795	...	...	29.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	860	...	...	9.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	115	...	...	1.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	240	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	3,745	...	...	39.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,505	8,105	8,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,230	7,980	8,250	98.3	98.5	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	45,200	32,800	38,400	45,200	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,235	7,980	8,250	98.4	98.5	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,200	29,600	34,400	39,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,135	7,230	6,905	85.6	89.2	82.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	37,600	24,600	31,000	37,600	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,610	5,705	4,905	64.3	70.4	58.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	29,000	32,800	37,600	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,925	6,505	7,415	84.4	80.3	88.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	12,400	13,100	12,800	12,400	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,500	1,400	1,100	15.1	17.3	13.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,720	5,240	5,480	5,720	5,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,145	2,160	1,985	25.1	26.7	23.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,555	8,130	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,270	8,015	8,255	98.3	98.6	98.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	52,600	38,040	45,200	52,600	38,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,270	8,015	8,255	98.3	98.6	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	43,440	33,120	38,200	43,440	33,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,080	7,255	6,825	85.0	89.2	81.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,160	46,720	31,120	39,160	46,720	31,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,635	5,795	4,840	64.2	71.3	57.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,840	45,840	34,800	40,840	45,840	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,100	6,630	7,470	85.2	81.5	88.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,060	12,420	13,640	13,060	12,420	13,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,485	1,455	1,030	15.0	17.9	12.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,070	7,170	6,920	7,070	7,170	6,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,315	2,315	2,000	26.1	28.5	23.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,190	6,670	7,800	7,190	6,670	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,550	8,135	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,980	2,745	2,235	30.1	33.7	26.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	60,800	48,000	54,000	60,800	48,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,750	68,500	53,500	61,750	68,500	53,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,290	2,205	2,085	25.9	27.1	24.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	22,000	14,800	18,000	22,000	14,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	31,000	20,720	26,000	31,000	20,720
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.0	80.4	67.6	75.0	80.4	67.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.0	63.1	53.6	59.0	63.1	53.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.0	19.6	32.4	25.0	19.6	32.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	4.3	6.3	5.1	4.3	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.7	5.0	4.2	3.7	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,505	8,100	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	275	120	155	1.7	1.5	1.8
With total income	16,230	7,985	8,250	98.3	98.6	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,020	355	660	6.3	4.4	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,370	900	1,470	14.6	11.3	17.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,840	1,170	1,670	17.5	14.7	20.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,215	995	1,215	13.6	12.5	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,195	1,120	1,075	13.5	14.0	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,725	940	780	10.6	11.8	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	680	415	6.7	8.5	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	725	425	295	4.5	5.3	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	600	340	265	3.7	4.3	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	390	245	140	2.4	3.1	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,060	810	255	6.5	10.1	3.1
$100,000 to $149,999	855	660	195	5.3	8.3	2.4
$150,000 and over	205	145	65	1.3	1.8	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,505	8,100	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	275	120	155	1.7	1.5	1.8
With after-tax income	16,230	7,980	8,250	98.3	98.5	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,125	375	750	6.9	4.7	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,485	975	1,510	15.3	12.2	18.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,280	1,365	1,915	20.2	17.1	23.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,825	1,365	1,465	17.4	17.1	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,465	1,360	1,110	15.2	17.0	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,495	900	595	9.2	11.3	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	985	560	425	6.1	7.0	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	620	380	235	3.8	4.8	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	395	285	105	2.4	3.6	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	235	185	45	1.4	2.3	0.5
$100,000 and over	325	235	90	2.0	2.9	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	190	140	50	1.2	1.8	0.6
$125,000 and over	135	90	45	0.8	1.1	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,505	8,100	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,900	2,400	3,495	35.7	29.6	41.6
With employment income	10,605	5,705	4,905	64.3	70.4	58.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,430	835	590	13.5	14.6	12.0
$5,000 to $9,999	875	365	510	8.3	6.4	10.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,435	645	790	13.5	11.3	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,180	565	615	11.1	9.9	12.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	560	650	11.4	9.8	13.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,060	540	515	10.0	9.5	10.5
$50,000 to $59,999	825	470	355	7.8	8.2	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	620	360	265	5.8	6.3	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	420	265	160	4.0	4.6	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	465	250	210	4.4	4.4	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	260	185	80	2.5	3.2	1.6
$100,000 and over	835	660	175	7.9	11.6	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	495	405	95	4.7	7.1	1.9
$125,000 and over	340	255	80	3.2	4.5	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,505	8,105	8,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,025	7,890	8,140	97.1	97.3	96.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	44,000	29,000	36,000	44,000	29,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,035	7,890	8,155	97.2	97.3	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,400	26,600	32,000	38,400	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,990	7,160	6,835	84.8	88.3	81.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,800	25,200	32,000	38,800	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,795	5,770	5,030	65.4	71.2	59.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,600	33,200	38,400	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,885	5,985	6,895	78.1	73.8	82.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	8,900	10,600	9,800	8,900	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,445	1,415	1,040	14.8	17.5	12.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760	5,120	4,320	4,760	5,120	4,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,555	8,130	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,085	7,930	8,150	97.2	97.5	96.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,400	51,550	35,440	43,400	51,550	35,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,100	7,930	8,170	97.3	97.5	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,440	42,200	30,840	36,440	42,200	30,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,920	7,200	6,720	84.1	88.6	79.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,240	48,680	31,200	40,240	48,680	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,770	5,855	4,915	65.1	72.0	58.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,160	47,160	34,000	41,160	47,160	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,930	5,975	6,955	78.1	73.5	82.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,670	9,820	11,400	10,670	9,820	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,500	1,425	1,075	15.1	17.5	12.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,365	6,030	6,820	6,365	6,030	6,820
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,550	8,135	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,975	2,750	2,230	30.1	33.8	26.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	60,000	44,800	52,400	60,000	44,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,800	67,500	50,360	59,800	67,500	50,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,125	2,175	1,955	24.9	26.7	23.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	24,800	17,400	20,600	24,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,520	34,080	22,340	28,520	34,080	22,340
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.2	85.6	72.6	80.2	85.6	72.6
Employment income (%)	63.5	67.4	57.8	63.5	67.4	57.8
Government transfers (%)	19.8	14.4	27.5	19.8	14.4	27.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	2.1	2.5	2.3	2.1	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,745	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,600	...	...	30,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,100	...	...	77,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,100	...	...	65,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,680	...	...	39,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,160	...	...	34,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,825	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,900	...	...	100,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,900	...	...	84,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	325	...	...	3.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	765	...	...	8.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	405	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	430	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	560	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	505	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	465	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	830	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	730	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	640	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	570	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	445	...	...	4.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,550	...	...	26.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	915	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	610	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	660	...	...	6.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	360	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	345	...	...	3.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	825	...	...	8.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	510	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	555	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	650	...	...	6.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	570	...	...	6.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	525	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	900	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	860	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	665	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	565	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	475	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,760	...	...	18.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	835	...	...	8.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	465	...	...	4.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	455	...	...	4.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,630	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,780	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	915	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,165	2,040	2,120	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	36,400	29,400	32,800	36,400	29,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,800	32,400	27,800	29,800	32,400	27,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,655	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,700	...	...	101,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,400	...	...	85,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,500	...	...	87,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,400	...	...	140,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	920	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,600	...	...	72,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,125	1,985	2,135	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,880	43,320	34,760	38,880	43,320	34,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	36,440	30,960	33,600	36,440	30,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,410	9,570	9,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,525	1,760	1,770	18.2	18.4	18.0
0 to 5 years	975	480	490	5.0	5.0	5.0
18 to 64 years	11,175	5,650	5,525	57.6	59.0	56.1
65 years and over	4,710	2,165	2,540	24.3	22.6	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,785	1,225	1,555	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	355	180	175	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	110	60	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,360	695	670	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,070	355	715	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.4	12.8	15.8	14.4	12.8	15.8
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	10.4	9.7	10.0	10.4	9.7
0 to 5 years (%)	11.4	12.0	10.8	11.4	12.0	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	12.2	12.1	12.2	12.2	12.1
65 years and over (%)	22.8	16.5	28.1	22.8	16.5	28.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,410	9,570	9,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,530	1,755	1,770	18.2	18.3	18.0
0 to 5 years	975	485	495	5.0	5.1	5.0
18 to 64 years	11,175	5,645	5,525	57.6	59.0	56.1
65 years and over	4,705	2,160	2,545	24.2	22.6	25.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	700	375	325	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	30	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	565	325	240	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	20	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	4.0	3.3	3.6	4.0	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	1.9	2.4	2.2	1.9	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.8	2.0	2.4	2.8	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	5.8	4.3	5.1	5.8	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.9	1.6	1.3	0.9	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,410	9,570	9,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,790	5,625	6,165	60.7	58.8	62.7
In bottom decile	2,285	1,005	1,280	11.8	10.5	13.0
In second decile	2,365	1,105	1,255	12.2	11.5	12.8
In third decile	2,365	1,135	1,225	12.2	11.9	12.4
In fourth decile	2,445	1,200	1,245	12.6	12.5	12.7
In fifth decile	2,330	1,175	1,160	12.0	12.3	11.8
In top half of the distribution	7,615	3,945	3,670	39.2	41.2	37.3
In sixth decile	2,050	1,070	980	10.6	11.2	10.0
In seventh decile	1,880	955	930	9.7	10.0	9.5
In eighth decile	1,725	855	865	8.9	8.9	8.8
In ninth decile	1,235	665	575	6.4	6.9	5.8
In top decile	720	390	330	3.7	4.1	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,410	...	...	19,410	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.294	...	...	0.294	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.434	...	...	0.434	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	20,020	9,720	10,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	16,175	7,405	8,770	80.8	76.2	85.1
English and French	3,815	2,300	1,515	19.1	23.7	14.7
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	20,020	9,720	10,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	90	50	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
French	19,895	9,660	10,240	99.4	99.4	99.4
English and French	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	20,020	9,720	10,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,930	9,675	10,255	99.6	99.5	99.5
Official languages	19,745	9,570	10,170	98.6	98.5	98.7
English	95	55	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
French	19,650	9,515	10,135	98.2	97.9	98.4
Non-official languages	190	105	85	0.9	1.1	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Algonquian languages	65	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	65	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Atikamekw	55	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	70	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	85	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	65	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	20,020	9,720	10,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French	19,555	9,470	10,090	97.7	97.4	97.9
Non-official language	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	235	135	100	1.2	1.4	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	110	60	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	20,020	9,720	10,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,965	9,700	10,270	99.7	99.8	99.7
Official languages	19,865	9,645	10,220	99.2	99.2	99.2
English	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
French	19,815	9,620	10,195	99.0	99.0	98.9
Non-official languages	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Algonquian languages	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Atikamekw	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	50	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	20,025	9,720	10,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,690	9,520	10,170	98.3	97.9	98.7
English	195	120	75	1.0	1.2	0.7
French	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Non-official language	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,505	9,615	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,505	9,615	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,815	2,315	1,505	19.6	24.1	15.2
French	19,500	9,610	9,890	100.0	99.9	99.9
Non-official languages	525	295	230	2.7	3.1	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	470	270	205	2.4	2.8	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	370	210	155	1.9	2.2	1.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	355	200	155	1.8	2.1	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	320	180	140	1.6	1.9	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,510	9,615	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	645	335	310	3.3	3.5	3.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	585	300	285	3.0	3.1	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	225	110	120	1.2	1.1	1.2
Métis	355	195	160	1.8	2.0	1.6
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	18,860	9,275	9,585	96.7	96.5	96.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,510	9,615	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	215	115	105	1.1	1.2	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,295	9,495	9,790	98.9	98.8	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,770	...	...	60.5	...	...
Renter	3,775	...	...	39.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	900	...	...	9.4	...	...
Not condominium	8,640	...	...	90.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,090	...	...	11.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,960	...	...	31.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,180	...	...	33.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,305	...	...	24.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,220	...	...	33.7	...	...
5 rooms	1,575	...	...	16.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,060	...	...	11.1	...	...
7 rooms	980	...	...	10.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,710	...	...	28.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,530	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,485	...	...	99.4	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,595	...	...	27.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,320	...	...	34.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,150	...	...	12.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,065	...	...	11.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	355	...	...	3.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	360	...	...	3.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	400	...	...	4.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	285	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,100	...	...	95.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,930	...	...	62.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,555	...	...	37.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	55	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	265	...	...	2.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,110	...	...	11.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,360	...	...	14.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,395	...	...	14.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,255	...	...	23.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,855	...	...	19.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,030	...	...	10.8	...	...
85 years and over	275	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,535	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,395	...	...	88.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,135	...	...	11.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,080	...	...	11.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,570	...	...	16.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,065	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	370	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,980	...	...	83.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	365	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not in core need	9,110	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,770	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.3	...	...	61.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	933	...	...	933	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	211,600	...	...	211,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,775	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.7	...	...	9.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.1	...	...	18.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	572	...	...	572	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	594	...	...	594	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,505	9,610	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	540	280	255	2.8	2.9	2.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	530	280	250	2.7	2.9	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	460	230	225	2.4	2.4	2.3
Métis single ancestry	70	50	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	460	240	225	2.4	2.5	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	455	240	215	2.3	2.5	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	405	205	200	2.1	2.1	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	18,510	9,090	9,415	94.9	94.6	95.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,505	9,610	9,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	19,355	9,515	9,845	99.2	99.0	99.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,530	1,735	1,790	18.1	18.1	18.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,830	7,770	8,055	81.2	80.9	81.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	150	100	50	0.8	1.0	0.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,505	9,610	9,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,245	9,440	9,805	98.7	98.2	99.1
Immigrants⁸¹	170	95	80	0.9	1.0	0.8
Before 1980	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
1980 to 1990	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
2001 to 2010	40	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	80	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
2011 to 2015	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
2016 to 2021	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	90	75	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	170	95	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	10	10	0	5.9	10.5	0.0
5 to 14 years	30	0	20	17.6	0.0	26.7
15 to 24 years	30	25	0	17.6	26.3	0.0
25 to 44 years	105	60	45	61.8	63.2	60.0
45 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	170	95	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	10	20	17.6	10.5	26.7
Brazil	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	40	30	10	23.5	31.6	13.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	0	8.8	10.5	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	5.9	0.0	13.3
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	11.8	21.1	0.0
Africa	60	30	25	35.3	31.6	33.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	25	23.5	15.8	33.3
Asia	35	20	20	20.6	21.1	26.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	20	10	15	11.8	10.5	20.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	20	10	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	40.0	50.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	40.0	50.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	40.0	50.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	0	40.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	40.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,505	9,615	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	310	180	130	1.6	1.9	1.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	245	140	110	1.3	1.5	1.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,950	9,295	9,655	97.2	96.7	97.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	125	70	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	40	15	30	32.0	21.4	50.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	15	10	10	12.0	14.3	16.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	25	0	20	20.0	0.0	33.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	45	20	52.0	64.3	33.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	0	10	12.0	0.0	16.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	125	70	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	25	0	20.0	35.7	0.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	8.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	80	35	40	64.0	50.0	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,505	9,615	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	250	110	145	1.3	1.1	1.5
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Black	105	35	70	0.5	0.4	0.7
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	30	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Southeast Asian	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	19,250	9,500	9,750	98.7	98.8	98.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,505	9,610	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,430	4,140	4,290	43.2	43.1	43.4
English	90	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Irish	330	150	185	1.7	1.6	1.9
Scottish	175	70	110	0.9	0.7	1.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,435	1,750	1,690	17.6	18.2	17.1
German	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Chinese	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Italian	100	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Indian (India)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Québécois	3,000	1,420	1,580	15.4	14.8	16.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	2,655	1,295	1,360	13.6	13.5	13.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	730	375	355	3.7	3.9	3.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	330	175	155	1.7	1.8	1.6
Métis	125	80	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	185	80	100	0.9	0.8	1.0
Russian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
American	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Spanish	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	165	70	95	0.8	0.7	1.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	75	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	65	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.4
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	285	140	145	1.5	1.5	1.5
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	100	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Haitian	45	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Japanese	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazilian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	85	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	165	75	90	0.8	0.8	0.9
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,510	9,615	9,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Christian	15,760	7,570	8,190	80.8	78.7	82.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,180	580	595	6.0	6.0	6.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Catholic	14,390	6,905	7,485	73.8	71.8	75.6
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	90	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	3,630	1,970	1,660	18.6	20.5	16.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,340	9,535	9,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,500	8,635	8,860	90.5	90.6	90.4
Movers	1,840	895	940	9.5	9.4	9.6
Non-migrants	1,205	580	625	6.2	6.1	6.4
Migrants	630	320	320	3.3	3.4	3.3
Internal migrants	620	315	310	3.2	3.3	3.2
Intraprovincial migrants	620	315	305	3.2	3.3	3.1
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,690	9,200	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,465	6,160	6,310	66.7	67.0	66.5
Movers	6,215	3,045	3,175	33.3	33.1	33.5
Non-migrants	3,245	1,535	1,705	17.4	16.7	18.0
Migrants	2,970	1,505	1,465	15.9	16.4	15.4
Internal migrants	2,855	1,420	1,435	15.3	15.4	15.1
Intraprovincial migrants	2,820	1,400	1,420	15.1	15.2	15.0
Interprovincial migrants	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
External migrants	120	85	30	0.6	0.9	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,550	8,135	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,670	1,790	1,885	22.2	22.0	22.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,880	6,345	6,535	77.8	78.0	77.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,825	4,875	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,670	885	785	17.0	18.2	15.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,155	3,990	4,170	83.0	81.8	84.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,555	8,130	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,275	1,530	1,745	19.8	18.8	20.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,565	1,635	1,930	21.5	20.1	22.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,720	4,970	4,750	58.7	61.1	56.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,495	3,965	3,530	45.3	48.8	41.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,640	2,185	1,455	22.0	26.9	17.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,660	1,430	1,230	16.1	17.6	14.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	985	750	235	5.9	9.2	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,250	1,580	1,665	19.6	19.4	19.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	605	200	405	3.7	2.5	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,225	1,010	1,215	13.4	12.4	14.4
Bachelor's degree	1,635	725	910	9.9	8.9	10.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	100	100	1.2	1.2	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	300	140	160	1.8	1.7	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,830	4,875	4,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,380	700	675	14.0	14.4	13.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,435	650	785	14.6	13.3	15.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,015	3,525	3,485	71.4	72.3	70.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,380	2,865	2,515	54.7	58.8	50.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,765	1,625	1,140	28.1	33.3	23.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,060	1,095	960	21.0	22.5	19.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	710	530	180	7.2	10.9	3.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,320	1,170	1,150	23.6	24.0	23.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	70	225	3.0	1.4	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,635	660	975	16.6	13.5	19.7
Bachelor's degree	1,180	480	700	12.0	9.8	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	55	95	1.5	1.1	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Master's degree	230	90	140	2.3	1.8	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,555	8,130	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,835	3,160	3,675	41.3	38.9	43.6
Education	915	235	685	5.5	2.9	8.1
13. Education	915	235	685	5.5	2.9	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	130	100	1.4	1.6	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	195	110	90	1.2	1.4	1.1
Humanities	350	185	160	2.1	2.3	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	100	100	1.2	1.2	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	595	180	420	3.6	2.2	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	60	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	235	10	215	1.4	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	60	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	80	25	60	0.5	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	85	45	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Business, management and public administration	2,075	655	1,425	12.5	8.1	16.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	25	145	1.0	0.3	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,910	625	1,280	11.5	7.7	15.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	130	100	1.4	1.6	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	75	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
40. Physical sciences	55	40	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	290	195	95	1.8	2.4	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	185	50	1.4	2.3	0.6
25. Library science	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,475	2,320	155	15.0	28.5	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	145	135	10	0.9	1.7	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	620	540	80	3.7	6.6	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	625	610	15	3.8	7.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	585	565	20	3.5	6.9	0.2
48. Precision production	460	450	10	2.8	5.5	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	340	240	100	2.1	3.0	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	50	75	0.8	0.6	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	210	185	25	1.3	2.3	0.3
Health and related fields	1,370	220	1,145	8.3	2.7	13.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,275	170	1,105	7.7	2.1	13.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	855	495	360	5.2	6.1	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	425	105	320	2.6	1.3	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	135	10	0.8	1.7	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	295	260	30	1.8	3.2	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,825	4,870	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,815	1,350	1,465	28.7	27.7	29.6
Education	530	110	420	5.4	2.3	8.5
13. Education	530	110	420	5.4	2.3	8.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	80	85	1.7	1.6	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	145	65	75	1.5	1.3	1.5
Humanities	185	95	90	1.9	2.0	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	55	40	1.0	1.1	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	410	115	295	4.2	2.4	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	50	20	0.8	1.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	0	175	1.9	0.0	3.5
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	45	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Business, management and public administration	1,545	410	1,135	15.7	8.4	22.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	15	120	1.4	0.3	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,415	390	1,015	14.4	8.0	20.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	70	65	1.4	1.4	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	165	80	2.5	3.4	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	165	55	2.1	3.4	1.1
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,850	1,730	125	18.8	35.5	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	115	100	15	1.2	2.1	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	455	395	60	4.6	8.1	1.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	455	440	10	4.6	9.0	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	420	395	20	4.3	8.1	0.4
48. Precision production	375	375	0	3.8	7.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	290	210	80	3.0	4.3	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	45	60	1.1	0.9	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	185	165	15	1.9	3.4	0.3
Health and related fields	985	150	835	10.0	3.1	16.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	905	105	800	9.2	2.2	16.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	650	380	270	6.6	7.8	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	305	65	240	3.1	1.3	4.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	125	115	10	1.3	2.4	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	225	205	20	2.3	4.2	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,825	4,870	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,815	1,350	1,465	28.7	27.7	29.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,010	3,520	3,490	71.3	72.3	70.4
Location of study inside Canada	6,925	3,465	3,455	70.5	71.1	69.7
Same as province or territory of residence	6,885	3,450	3,440	70.1	70.8	69.4
Different than province or territory of residence	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	85	55	30	0.9	1.1	0.6
Americas	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,555	8,130	8,425	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,400	4,995	4,405	...	...	...
Employed	8,840	4,660	4,175	...	...	...
Unemployed	560	335	230	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,155	3,135	4,015	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.8	61.4	52.3	56.8	61.4	52.3
Employment rate	53.4	57.3	49.6	53.4	57.3	49.6
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.7	5.2	6.0	6.7	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,555	8,130	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,965	2,985	3,980	42.1	36.7	47.3
Worked	9,585	5,145	4,440	57.9	63.3	52.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,095	2,800	2,290	30.8	34.4	27.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,490	2,345	2,145	27.1	28.8	25.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.8	41.4	41.6	41.8	41.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,400	4,995	4,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	95	115	2.3	1.9	2.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,180	4,895	4,285	97.7	98.0	97.3
Employee	8,440	4,445	3,990	89.8	89.0	90.6
Permanent position	6,855	3,635	3,225	72.9	72.8	73.2
Temporary position	1,580	810	770	16.8	16.2	17.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	480	215	265	5.1	4.3	6.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,095	600	500	11.6	12.0	11.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	745	445	295	7.9	8.9	6.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,400	4,995	4,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	95	115	2.3	1.9	2.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,180	4,895	4,285	97.7	98.0	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	110	90	20	1.2	1.8	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,370	470	900	14.6	9.4	20.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	540	450	85	5.7	9.0	1.9
3 Health occupations	810	140	665	8.6	2.8	15.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,215	305	910	12.9	6.1	20.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	100	60	1.7	2.0	1.4
6 Sales and service occupations	2,670	1,180	1,485	28.4	23.6	33.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,665	1,580	85	17.7	31.6	1.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	150	10	1.6	3.0	0.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	485	425	60	5.2	8.5	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,400	4,995	4,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	95	115	2.3	1.9	2.6
All industries¹⁹¹	9,180	4,895	4,285	97.7	98.0	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	135	30	1.8	2.7	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	50	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
22 Utilities	105	95	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
23 Construction	665	550	110	7.1	11.0	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	1,135	910	225	12.1	18.2	5.1
41 Wholesale trade	170	140	25	1.8	2.8	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,470	665	805	15.6	13.3	18.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	365	315	55	3.9	6.3	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	45	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
52 Finance and insurance	220	80	140	2.3	1.6	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	40	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	495	290	200	5.3	5.8	4.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	330	255	80	3.5	5.1	1.8
61 Educational services	845	265	580	9.0	5.3	13.2
62 Health care and social assistance	1,515	305	1,210	16.1	6.1	27.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	100	50	55	1.1	1.0	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	625	285	340	6.6	5.7	7.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	450	250	200	4.8	5.0	4.5
91 Public administration	370	190	180	3.9	3.8	4.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,120	5,425	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
French	9,550	5,015	4,540	94.4	92.4	96.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	500	360	145	4.9	6.6	3.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,120	5,425	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,060	5,370	4,690	99.4	99.0	99.9
Official languages	10,040	5,355	4,680	99.2	98.7	99.7
English	70	55	15	0.7	1.0	0.3
French	9,970	5,300	4,670	98.5	97.7	99.5
Non-official languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Atikamekw	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	60	55	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
English and French	60	55	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,120	5,425	4,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,650	5,095	4,550	95.4	93.9	96.9
English	400	275	125	4.0	5.1	2.7
French	50	40	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,835	4,660	4,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	875	425	450	9.9	9.1	10.8
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,045	805	240	11.8	17.3	5.7
Usual place of work	6,915	3,420	3,490	78.3	73.4	83.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,915	3,420	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,095	2,400	2,695	73.7	70.2	77.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	615	375	240	8.9	11.0	6.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,185	630	555	17.1	18.4	15.9
Commute to a different province or territory	25	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,955	4,230	3,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,235	3,835	3,400	90.9	90.7	91.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,910	3,715	3,200	86.9	87.8	85.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	325	130	195	4.1	3.1	5.2
Public transit	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Walked	520	270	250	6.5	6.4	6.7
Bicycle	50	30	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
Other method	135	70	65	1.7	1.7	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,955	4,230	3,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,300	2,625	2,675	66.6	62.1	71.7
15 to 29 minutes	1,240	710	525	15.6	16.8	14.1
30 to 44 minutes	690	430	260	8.7	10.2	7.0
45 to 59 minutes	450	290	165	5.7	6.9	4.4
60 minutes and over	270	175	100	3.4	4.1	2.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,955	4,230	3,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	520	435	90	6.5	10.3	2.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,390	995	395	17.5	23.5	10.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,770	1,320	1,450	34.8	31.2	38.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,500	595	905	18.9	14.1	24.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	550	205	350	6.9	4.8	9.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,220	680	545	15.3	16.1	14.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,610	1,800	1,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	80	85	4.4	4.4	4.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,445	1,725	1,730	95.4	95.8	95.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,740	1,370	1,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	110	55	55	4.0	4.0	4.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	30	35	2.4	2.2	2.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20	1.6	1.8	1.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,630	1,315	1,305	96.0	96.0	95.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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